Hoya Calyx A PHOTOGRAPHIC STUDY Dale Kloppenburg All rights reserved © Printed and published at Fresno, California 8 August 2002 by Dale Kloppenburg 6427 N. Fruit Avenue Fresno, CA. 93711 Revised and updated 8/2009 Revised and updated Feb,, 2014

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Table of Contents Introduction

vii

The Hoya calyx Photo Presentation

viii

Hoya species with linear sepals

5-47

Hoya species with ovate sepals

49-142

Hoya species other than above

142-358

Appendix

359-386

Tables as presented

359

Table by sepal length

343

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INTRODUCTION

The Hoya Calyx By Dale Kloppenburg The first "whorl" of the flower structure in made up of 5 sepals at the end of the pedicel and just outside of the corolla. In the flowers development the calyx at first covers the whole flower bud. As the inner parts maturate, they expands and the corolla pushes ever larger, eventually for the most part hiding the small calyx. Most taxonomists consider this structure so minor that some do not even include it in a hoya description. It is, however unique in some species and has structural characteristics that should be observed and noted. It can vary in length, width, amount of overlap at the base of the sepals, its central thickening, the amount and placement of indumentum (hairs) on its outer surface, in edge ciliation. Occasionally with hair cells inside and in the presence or absence, and number length etc. of a tongue like structure at the sepal sinus area the "ligule" In Latin this is a Third declension noun and its stem is "calyc-". we usually see it as "calyx" or the genitive form "calycis". Note that the five sepals are not all the same length or shape. There is usually one and sometimes two that are smaller then the others. In making my measurements I measure the largest one or one of the 3 that are most uniform. Of the five sepals two that are nearly opposite one another have their sides at the bases overlap the adjoining sepal sides, of the two remaining sepals one has its right edge (looking down as a top view) overlapping its neighbor. There are thus two sepals with both base sides showing, two with both base sides covered and one covering its neighbor to the right. The calyx varies with the species in sizes, shape. They also have the outer surface glabrous or with varying amounts of indumentum (hairs), and the edges are either bare or ciliate. In addition on the inside at their sepal bases and at the sinuses there may be glandular structures, ligules. These may vary in size and in number and in sequence. I believe now these are not specific to each species but vary maybe under environment. In other words they do not appear to be genetically controlled. I used a binocular microscope to photograph the calyx parts with the 10X lens. The SLR camera has a microscope adapter and is used with the camera lens removed, using the microscope lenses. As the film thus is at a greater distance from the object than the eye piece, the magnification is normally 16X. Below I have enlarged the photos to better show the detail to about 32X. Use the measurements provided, however, to be exact. I will present the relative lengths and widths in sequence in the appendix. 3

Hoya calyx Photo presentation Below I will present pictures of the calyx from the many species of Hoya I have studied. I had to make a decision as to how to present this material. It could be by species alphabetically or by size of the calyx or as I have chosen by shape. First I will present those species which have linear sepals, next those which are ovate and finally all those (the bulk) that are intermediate (triangular, elliptic etc.). You may feel the last group contains some calyx types that should be transferred to the other two categories as there are gradations between all the groups.

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Hoya acicularis Green & Kloppenburg 2003 Described in Fraterna 16/1: 2003, 4-9.

Calyx side view Sepals are long, outside hirsute. Calyx: 0.40 cm in diameter (flat), sepals outside granulose, with some scattered hair cells, long narrow triangular, a few cilia, reach the corolla sinus, inside glabrous, ligules present. Sepals 0.17 cm. long base 0.12cm.

Pedicel: curved +1.5 cm. long, terete, glabrous, smooth.

Ovaries: bottle shaped, glabrous, pair 0.14 cm. tall base of pair 0.10 cm.

Top view of the calyx. There are a few hair cells along the edge but I would not call this one ciliate; there are ligules present. Ovaries are bottle shaped.

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Hoya amrita Kloppenburg, Siar & Ferreras

Calyx: sepals linear 0.40 cm. long, apex obtuse 0.25 cm. widest, a few prominent cilia, glabrous otherwise on both surfaces. 2 ligules at each sinus, triangular-linear in shape, sepals inner surface concave. Enlarged about 7X.

Top view of a calyx enlarged as above, note the double ligules at the sepal sinuses

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Hoya australis subsp. australis (R. Br.) Forster and Liddle

Described in Trans. Hort. Soc. 6 (1830) 28. "Calyx segments about 1 line long."

View of the calyx on the back of the corolla enlarged about 8X. The sepals are exceptionally long exceeding the corolla sinuses but curved along the corolla lobe. Calyx lobes narrow w/acute apex, pubescent on the outside, hairs pointing toward the apex, 0.35 cm. long; 0.14 cm. wide at the base, exceeding sinus by 0.10 cm. The pedicels are strict, terete, pubescent, lt. green, enlarging slightly toward the calyx, 3.4 -3.7 cm. long.

Skewed side view of the corolla and ovaries. Sepals are glabrous inside but very hirsute outside with edges ciliate; 0.90 cm. in diameter rose veined red, overlapping 0.10 cm. Ovaries are columnar 0.20 cm. tall and width of base pair is 0.14 cm.

Top view of the calyx. 0.90 cm. in diameter. Glands (ligules) very small? Sepals on this surface exhibit linear red streaks.

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Hoya australis from Tafeta, Tutuila, Samoa Collected 9/23/03

Back view of the calyx and pedicle enlarged about 8X. The calyx outside is shortly hirsute. The base is swollen, bulbous.

View of the calyx on the corolla enlarged about 8X. . Sepals are linear and reach the corolla sinuses.

Inside view of the calyx enlarged about 16X. This surface is glabrous, slick, there are no ligules present. Apex - base 0.30 cm. Apex - center 0.40 cm. Widest 0.15 cm. Very little overlap 0.07 cm. Note the ovaries and see below.

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Hoya bella Hooker 1849 Described in Curtis Botanical Magazine Oct. (1849) t.4402. "leaflets of the calyx elliptic"

Calyx: Lobes 0.28 cm. Long by 0.12 cm. widest, pink also pubescent outside, ciliate, glabrous on inside, with very small ligules present at base. Ovaries: domed 0.15 cm. tall, base 0.08 cm.

Pedicel: curved 2 cm. long, 0.14 cm in diameter, pale green, terete, finely pubescent, most hairs pointing apically. Note: The ciliate edges of the sepals, their rather long narrow shape with rounded ends. Ligules are present in the sinuses. The individual sepals do not overlap at the base. The pedicel is pubescent and granulose as is the outer surface of the calyx. Ovaries are dome shaped, slightly

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narrowed near the apex (bottle shaped).

Hoya bicknellii Kloppenburg 1999 Described in Fraterna 12/4: 1999, 12-15.

Pedicels: terete, of equal lengths, yielding a flat umber, 1.0—1.2 cm long, 0.1 cm. in diameter. Calyx: Segments, linear oblong, apex rounded, very membranous, 0.18 cm. long x 0.10 cm. wide, yellow, with prominent small triangular ligules at the base, reflexed. Ovaries: Long and narrow, pointed/slightly apiculate 0.12 cm. tall, base 0.04 cm. wide, white.

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Hoya camphorifolia Warburg 1904 Described in Perkins Frag. Fl. Philipp., Vol. 1, (1904) p. 129, Type: Warburg without number. "sepals 1 mm long lanceolate somewhat acute"

Side view of the pedicel, calyx and ovaries. Sepals are long and narrow tapering to a narrowly rounded apex, punctate outside cupped inside and glabrous. Pedicels curved, glabrous, lenticels present.

View of the flower with calyx attached, outside surface. Sepals long and narrow, outside very punctate. Sepals exceed the corolla sinuses. Corolla slightly recurved, opens at night closes by the next night. Rose rose-red in color. Corolla outside glabrous, lobes broad just above the sinuses.

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Hoya campanulata Blume 1826

Described in Bijdagen tot de Flora van Nederlandsche Indë (1826) 1064. C. L. Blume. Calyx not mentioned in the type description but does show on the backs of the flowers in the drawn plates.

Calyx: sepals concave 0.24 cm. tall, glabrous, 0.11 cm. wide at base, slightly overlapped at base with small ligules present.

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Hoya chlorantha var. tutuilensis Christophersen 1935

Described in Samoan Flowering Plants, Bishop Museum Bulletin #128 (1935) 187. Christophersen.

Calyx: small 1/2 way to sinus, outside glabrous, cupped on inner surface, a few cilia, no ligules. Diameter 0.70 cm. 0.29 cm. long; base 0.14 cm. wide.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries, side view, enlarged about 8X. Calyx lobes are granulose outside, shiny glabrous inside, centrally thickened. No ligules present Apex - base Apex - center Widest

0.17 cm. 0.25 cm. 0.13 cm.

Ovaries are glabrous, dome shaped, 0.15 cm. tall and 0.12 cm wide at the base pair.

A second photo as above but showing more of the pedicel, a first blooming of the rachis which is bracteated. The Pedicel is green, terete, glabrous, 7.3 cm. long.

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Hoya coriacea Blume 1825 Described in Bijdragen tot de Flora von Nederlandsch Indie (1825) 1063. Blume. Calyx not mentioned in type description.

Calyx: narrow, linear, long extended ± to sinus of corolla, some lobes glabrous others with a few scattered hairs, no overlapping at base. 0.47 cm. long, very tiny ligules but not present at junctures. (2) only. Inside waxy, glabrous, base 0.14 cm. ±.

Pedicels: slightly curved, 3.4 cm. long. Scattered hairs, long and clear, thin pointed in all directions, but mainly toward the peduncle, terete, 0.14 cm. in diameter, yellow.

Ovaries: long somewhat bottle shaped 0.16 cm. at base; 0.21 cm. tall.

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Hoya coriacea subsp. philippinensis Kloppenburg, Siar, & Ferreras

Calyx: lobes linear, reach the corolla sinuses, no overlap of sepals, apex acute. 0.60 cm long, widest at base 0.15 cm, edges ciliate, no ligules. Enlarged about 8x.

Ovaries: glabrous, columnar, 0.21 cm long. Base pair 0.17 cm broad. Enlarged about 8X.

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Hoya curtisii King & Gamble 1903 Described in Flora of the Malayan Peninsula 2 (1903) 564. "Calyx with very short tube or almost none; lobes oblong, ciliate, villous without, membranaceous, .1 in. long, much recurved; scales minute."

Pedicel and calyx. The pedicel is extremely hirsute 2.5 cm. long, curved 0.55 cm. in diameter, very filamentous, hair cells 0.03 cm. long. Calyx: sepals 0.20 cm. long and 0.09 at the widest. Inside glabrous, outside hirsute. Reflexed, no ligules observed. Ovaries: cone shaped, 0.16 cm. tall and base pair 0.10 cm. wide.

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Hoya densifolia Turczaninow 1848 Described in Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Muscou 21, pt.2 (1848) 261. N. Turczaninow. Calyx not mentioned in type description.

Calyx outside same hirsute long hairs. Sepals 0.35 cm. long, base 0.10 cm. wide. Ovules are long columnar.

Pedicel is 2.6 cm. long and 0.10 cm. in diameter. Pedicels ate terete, strict, and hirsute.

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Hoya dolichosparte Schlechter 1916 Described in Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt 35/2 (1916) 13-14. Asclepiadaceen von Sumatra und Celebes" R. Schlechter.

"Neu

View of the calyx on the back of the corola enlarged about 16X. The pedicels are 25 cm. long curved, terete, glabrous, finely granulose. 0.07 cm. in diameter. The sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses. The coronal lobes exceed the corolla sinuses, which are deeply cut.

Pedicel and calyx enlarged about 16X. The pedicel is very finely granulose the outside if the calyx more-so.

Inside view of the calyx enlarged at least 16X. There is very little overlap of the sepal bases, edges are membranous, centrally thicker. edges in general are entire with an occasional cilia. Length widest

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0.20 cm. 0.10 cm.

Hoya endauensis Kiew 1989 Described in The Malayan Nature Journal 42 (1989) 262-265. R. Kiew.

Side view of the calyx and pedicel enlarged about 8X. Pedicel: curved, terete, glabrous, 0.85-1.20 cm. long, 0.08 cm. in diameter, surface finely granulate. Calyx: lobes linear, membranous, 0.14 cm. long 0.08 cm. at the widest, outside granulate, inside glabrous and slick, ligules present.

Side view of the calyx showing the ovaries enlarged about 8X. Ovaries: narrowly pyramidal. glabrous, dark colored, 0.09 cm. tall and 0.05 cm. wide at base of pair.

Ventral surface of a flower enlarged about 8x. Linear sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses, corolla is revolute this surface id glabrous.

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Hoya engleriana Hosseus 1907 Described in Notizbaltt des Konigl. Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 40 (1907) 315. Hosseus.

"sepals with minutely ciliate margins, hairy, fleshy 2 mm. long."

Calyx: sepals narrow and relatively long extending beyond the corolla sinus. Outside coarse pubescent, edges ciliate, inside glabrous and smooth, ligules present deep in from sinus (this is unusual). 0.53 cm. long 0.18 cm. widest.

View of outside of corolla and the attached calyx enlarged about 16X. Note the narrow sepals, ciliate and the ends extending beyond the sinus of the corolla.

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Hoya flagellata Kerr 1940

Described in Icones Plantarum 35 (1940) t.3407. Kerr.

Outside view of the flower, pedicel, calyx and corolla enlarged ca. 8X. Corolla outside is glabrous, granulate, sepals are long and narrow reaching the corolla sinuses, The corolla outer apical lobes are extremely long and here folded back to the calyx area.

Outside view of the calyx enlarged about 8X. Pedicel is hirsute, sepals outside are granulose with an occasional hirsute cell. 0.25 cm. long and base 0.06 cm. wide, very slight basal overlap, apex narrowly acute.

Inside view of the calyx enlarged about 16X. sepals are linear acute, dark ligules are present, Surface is slick, glabrous.

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Hoya fraterna Blume 1849

Described in Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum 1 (1849) 44. C. L. Blume. 104. "calyx segments smaller" (comparing to Hoya coriacea Blume). Here the sepals are long and narrow, outside hirsute and inside glabrous, 0.5 cm. long and base 0.8 cm. There are stiff linear ligules present. Ovaries are columnar or cone shaped (pair) 0.19 cm. tall and base pair 0.12 cm. wide.

Pedicel and base of calyx enlarged about 8X. Pedicel is straight or slightly curved, brownish villous, terete, 4.2 cm. long 0.09 cm. in diameter. Hair cells ca. 0.06 cm. long. Note in the above type description Blume states “flowers larger and calyx segments smaller then H. coriacea. Here the sepals are 0.03 cm longer and the flower (flattened) 0.2 cm. smaller. Which makes me wonder if we have the correct species however the differences are small and this may be due to flowering conditions in my comparisons.

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Hoya gildingii Kloppenburg 2001 Described Fraterna 14/4: 2001, 1-5.

Calyx: sepals membranous, cupped inwardly, difficult to remove from corolla, sepals narrowly ovate with obtuse outer apex, no basal overlap, ciliate, prominent dark ligules at the sinus. 0.20 cm. long with base 0.10 cm. wide.

Pedicel: slightly curved, terete, smooth, glabrous or with an occasional granulose based hair 2.5 cm. long; enlarged somewhat approaching the calyx.

Ovaries: long narrow dome shaped pair, adjoining surface flat, glabrous, smooth; waxy yellow color.

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Hoya halconensis Kloppenburg 1990

Described in Fraterna Vol. 1 #1 fall 1990. Type #5674 (B).

Outside surface of the calyx enlarged about 16X. Sepals are thickened triangular-linear, ciliate with a few cilia on the immediate surface, apex narrowly rounded, little base overlap.

Inside view of the calyx, surface is shiny glabrous, a little overlap at the base. Not hirsute outside Sepals: 0.30 cm. long, 0.19 cm. wide near the base, very small ligules present. Not ovate Ovaries: columnar 0.24 cm. tall and base of pair 0.14 cm. wide.

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Hoya heuschkeliana subsp. marionii Kloppenburg & Ferreras

Calyx: enlarged ca. 25x, the sepals are glabrous, semi linear with rounded apices, they are 0.12 cm long and 0.02 cm at the widest. No ligules seen.

Calyx and ovaries on pedicel: the ovaries are long tapering, glabrous, apex with lip like structures: 0.10 cm long and base pair 0.03 cm wide. Ovary apex greatly enlarged to show the modifications (short extensions possibly 5 on each apex).

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Hoya sp. NS05-225 Hoya halconensis Kloppenburg Flowers given to me in IRI UPLB by Dr. Monina Siar 2006 This is the same sp. as NS05-213

Pedicel and calyx enlarged about 8X. Scales are linear, ciliate, outside a few hair cells, base barely overlap 0.35 cm. long and 0.20 cm wide near base, ligules are present. Ovaries: narrow domes 0.16 cm. tall and base pair 0.16 cm. wide.

Top (inside) view of the calyx enlarged about 16X. Note lobe apex is rounded, edges ciliate, base a little overlapped.

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Hoya Kloppenburgii Green 2001 Described in Fraterna 14/2:2001, 13-16. "Calyx, 0.48 in diameter, glabrous."

Views of the calyx, ovaries and pedicel. The pedicel is glabrous, curved, terete and pinkish purple in color, rather short thick, 2.5 cm. long and 0.12 cm. in diameter. Calyx flares backwards, is 0.48 cm. in diameter, reaches only 1/3 the way to the corolla sinuses, glabrous; sepals 0.19 cm. long and 0.09 cm. widest, small ligules present. Ovaries are narrow and long tapering to an acute apex. 0.20 cm. tall base of pair is 0.09 cm. wide. The sepals are short and do not even reach 1/2 way to the corolla sinuses.

27

Hoya lanceolata Wallich ex Don 1825 Described in Prodromus Florae Nepalensis (1825) 130. (D. Don) N. Wallich. Calyx not mentioned in the type description.

Calyx: narrow lobes, hirsute and ciliate; cells point outward, they do not reach the corolla sinus. Ligules present. Apex to center Apex to base Widest

0.37 cm. 0.32 cm. 0.12 cm.

Pedicel: curved, terete, 0.13 cm. in diameter, pubescent hairs directed apically.

Note that the calyx and pedicel are both finely pubescent, the sepals are long and narrow (deeply cut, little or no overlap) with narrower tips. This side of the corolla is glabrous, the inside is pubescent as seen at the sinus area to the left.

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Hoya linavergarae Kloppenburg & Siar 2006

Described in Fraterna 19/4:2006, 11-18

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries enlarged about 8X. Sepals are linear, long ciliate with a rounded apex, 0.20 cm. long and at base 0.08 cm. wide, no overlap with small ligules present. Ovaries: narrow columnar, glabrous, 0.18 cm. tall and base pair 0.09 cm. wide.

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Hoya linearis Wallich 1825 Described in Prodromus “Florae Nepalensis” (1825) 130. D. Don. No mention of the calyx in the type description.

Calyx is hirsute outside and glabrous smooth within. Sepals 0.26 cm. long and 0.10 cm. at widest. Pedicel is 1.7 cm. long and 0.016 cm. in diameter covered with stiff hirsute yellowish hairs. Hairs are 0.05 cm. long. Ovaries are columnar 0.12 cm. tall with a base 0f 0.05 cm., I did not observe any ligules.

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Hoya mcgregorii Schlechter 1906 Described in Philippine Journal of Science I p. 302 supplement (1906). "calyx segments ovate obtuse, glabrous, about 0.l cm. long." Photomicrographs: Flowers from IML 850, DMC 1713. Collected by David north of Lamut, Ifugao, Philippines. Plant from David Liddle, Merebe, Australia.

Top view of the calyx. Sepals are relatively long and narrow triangles with narrowly rounded apices, bases only slightly overlapped. Membranous. Calyx: edges of sepals jagged and with occasional cilia. 0.18 cm. long, thickened centrally, ligules present at the base sinuses.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries side view. Pedicel: curved, terete, glabrous, 1.70 cm. long and 0.09 cm. in diameter.

Ovaries: domed, 0.13 cm. tall, apex cupped.

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Hoya mindorensis subsp. mendozae Kloppenburg & Ferreras ISSN 2329-7336 Published in New Hoya Volume 2-1, 2014, rare-hoyas.com.

Calyx, ovaries on pedicel: enlarged ca.17x. Pedicels are strict, glabrous terete, grooved, when dry 1.6 cm long and 0.08 cm in diameter. The sepals are long triangular, with ciliate edges, granulate glabrous outside and glabrous slick inside, 0.14 cm long and 0.06 cm at the widest near the slight basal overlap, ligules are present. Ovaries are columnar, glabrous 0.13 cm tall and base pair 0.10 cm wide

Calyx on pedicel enlarged as above showing the central thickening of the sepals its apex shape narrowing to a round tip, the granulate outer surface, a slight basal overlap and fine ciliated edges. Pedicel little expanded as it approaches the calyx base.

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Hoya moninae Kloppenburg & Siar ISSN 2329-7336 Published in New Hoya Volume 2-1, 2014, rare-hoyas.com

Side view of the calyx enlarged about 16x. Sepals are triangular, glabrous on both surfaces, 0.11 cm. long and 0.09 cm wide at the base. Ligules present ? They do not reach the corolla sinuses.

Ovaries: short 0.07 cm, tall and 0.10 cm wide at base of pair, glabrous. Calyx not ovate obtuse as with H. mcgregorii. Flower outside view enlarged about 8x, Flower dried, corolla lobes folded in, one sepals of calyx end turned up. Corolla outside is glabrous, note in lower side the coronal lobe projecting from corolla sinus. Flower larger than Hoya mcgregorii. Sinus – sinus Sinus – center Sinus – apex Apex – center

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0.22 cm. 0.22 cm. 0.35 cm. 0.45 cm.

Hoya persicina Kloppenburg, Siar, Mendoza, Guevarra & Carandang ISSN #6155-3179

Pedicel: calyx and ovaries enlarged about 16x. Pedicel 1.7 cm long; 0.08 cm in diameter, strict, terete, glabrous. Calyx: outer apex obtuse, outside large granulations expanded knob like below sepals, inside slick, glabrous, no ligules observed. Sepals 0.26 cm long, 0.10 cm widest near base. Ovaries: short broad domed, glabrous/ 0.15 cm tall, 0.12 cm wide pair base.

As above in side view.

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Hoya persicina subsp. rosea Kloppenburg, Mendoza & Ferreras Pub. In Jour. Of Nature Studies 12 (1) 25-29. 2013. ISSN 2329-7336

Calyx: (picture below) enlarged ca. 20x, ventral surface here is glabrous-granulate, outer apices are rounded, small basal overlap.

Ovaries: photo below are columnar, glabrous, 0.10 cm tall and base pair 0.10 cm wide, the apex has two projections to the center touching.

Calyx: dorsal view enlarged ca. 10x, small ligules are present at the sinuses, basal overlap of sepals ca. 1/3. Sepals are glabrous; inside cupped 0.14 cm long and 0.10 cm at the widest.

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Hoya santiagoi Kloppenburg & Siar In Fraterna 24(4)29 2011

Calyx: linear to triangular 0.34 cm x 0.15 cm ciliate and pubescent more so than the pedicels, do not reach the corolla sinuses.

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Hoya uncinata Teijsmann & Binnendijk 1862 Described in Natuurkunndie Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië 25 (1862-1863) 408. 70. Calyx not mentioned in the type description. Under Hoya padangensis Schlechter we find: "calycis foliolis ovatis, obtusis, glabris, 2.5 mm longis."

Top view of the calyx. I did not observe any ligules at the sepal bases but they may still be present in this species. There is only a slight overlap at the base of the sepals, the ends are narrowing and rounded, very membranaceous. A portion of the cut off pedicel is visible to the right. Calyx: extends to corolla sinus, granulose outside, narrow with rounded ends cupped on inside. 0.15 cm. long, widest 0.09 cm.. Glabrous inside.

Side view of the pedicel, calyx and ovaries. Note that the pedicel is not smooth, rather there are many lenticular protrusions. The sepals on the outside are also granulose and reach the corolla sinus and that the ovaries are rather toll, columnar. Pedicel: curved, lenticeled with stiff triangular hair cells pointing to the apex 1.4 cm. long 0.05 ± cm. diameter, terete, glabrous. Ovaries: 0.20 cm. tall, base 0.10 cm.

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Hoya vitellinioides 1950 Described in Blumea 6 (1950) 381. “Notes on the Flora of Java” R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink. "calyx lobes narrowly triangular somewhat obtuse ciliate very sparsely puberulous 1 mm long" From type at (BO) sheet #4181. A side view of the calyx and pedicel. Note the sepals are relatively long and edges ciliate also membranous. The pedicel is round curved and glabrous. (could be finely pilose as Blume states in the type description) Pedicel: 2.3 cm. long, terete, glabrous, 0.04 cm. in diameter

Calyx: diameter 0.38 cm., 0.11 cm. long, 0.06 cm. widest, ciliate.

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Hoya weebella Kloppenburg 2005

Described in Fraterna 18/2:2005, 7.

Calyx enlarged about 16X. This one is really hirsute with again the hair cells pointing apically.

39

Hoya sp. apiculata Scheffler Described in Annales du Jardin Botanicique de Buitenzorg 1 (1876) 37. Scheffler.

R. H. C. C.

Calyx not mentioned in the type description. This is not the species, it is something different.

Top view of the calyx. Sepal bases overlap about ¼, edges are ciliate. 0.28 cm. long with pointed linear ligules at the bases, edges hyaline.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries side view. Calyx outside is hirsute, inside glabrous, sepals thickened in the center cupped on the inside radially spreading. Ovaries are domed 0.18 cm. tall and the base pair is 0.13 cm. wide, glabrous too.

40

Hoya sp. affinis australis Balasiki Island, Central Sulawesi This species was growing rampant in large granite boulders back from the cove beach in the north end of this island in the Bay Eastward from Kolonodale.

Photomicrographs: Top view of the calyx. Outside it is hispid, edges ciliate, base enlarged. Inside glabrous and shiny, 2 ligules only and these adjacent to one another, however, there is a protrusion at the base of the ovaries (not colored) and multiple ligule-like. The ovaries are columnar 0.20 cm. tall, base pair 0.16 cm. wide. Sepals 0.27 cm. long, base 0.18 cm. wide.

Pedicel not photographed is 2.8 cm. long strict 0.15 cm. in diameter, terete, with occasional hairs.

Another top view showing a hirsute ring below the apex of the ovaries. Enlarged about 8X. Hairs on the ovaries in hoya species is very unusual, they are more dense where the two ovaries meet.

41

Unidentified Species

Species from (CAHUP) # 41045.

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Hoya persicina Kloppenburg , Siar, Mendoza, Guevarra & Carandang

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries enlarged about 16X. Pedicel 1.7 cm long; 0.08 cm in diameter, strict, terete, glabrous. Calyx: outer apex obtuse, outside large granulations expanded knob like below sepals, inside slick, glabrous, no ligules observed. Sepals 0.26 cm long, 0.10 cm widest near base. Ovaries short broad domed, glabrous/ 0.15 cm tall, 0.12 cm wide pair base.

As above in side view.

Outside lower ventral surface of a flower enlarged about 16X. Sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses. Corolla outside glabrous, granulate. Calyx base knob shaped.

43

Hoya sp. PNH 1269 native collector, Sarawak, Borneo may 1912

Calyx enlarged about 16X. Pedicel is glabrous. Sepals ate linear, 0.15 cm. long 0.06 cm. at the widest, membranaceous, little or not overlap small ligules present, glabrous.

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Hoya sp. PNH 17622 Collected by Gutierrez et al. at Mt. Sohoton, Bassey, Samar, M-A 1970. 125° 12’ E. 11° 27’ N. Diptocarp forest, vine Flower violet, leaf tinged violet.

Top view of a calyx enlarged about 16X. sepals 0.18 cm. x 0.10 cm. outside puberulous-punctate, very slight basal overlap, long and narrow apex obtuse, long dark ligules. Ovaries short domed shaped.

Flower enlarged about 8X. Sepals do not come near the corolla sinuses. Corolla outside glabrous.

45

Hoya sp. Sita Parang

Calyx and ovaries enlarged about 8X. Sepals are large. outside fine granulate, overlap about 1/3, a few short cilia, apex narrowly rounded reach the corolla sinuses 0.27 cm. long, 0.15 cm. at the broadest, glabrous inside. Ovaries small deep orange color, tapering dome shaped 0.11 cm. tall 0.07 cm. at base of pair, glabrous.

Outside view of the corolla and calyx enlarged about 8X. Note sepals exceed the sinuses of corolla. Corolla outside glabrous, membranous.

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Hoya sp. India #3 My notations have CM and H. potsii ?

Top view of the calyx. Sepals are long with long narrow ligules. 0.28 cm. long and 0.17 cm. at widest. Ovaries domed 0.16 cm. tall and base pair is 0.13 cm. wide. Glabrous all over.

Side view of the calyx and ovaries. Inside glabrous and waxy surfaced, outside fine pubescence and punctate.

Pedicel enlarged about 8X. It is 1.6 cm. long x 0.09 cm. in diameter, strict, terete, with fine pubescence and some lenticels.

This concludes the species with linear calyx sepals. It should be noted that the majority have ciliate edges and most are pubescent or hirsute Also most have ligules present. There is a gradation from linear to narrowly triangular and from there to more ovate-lanceolate.

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I next present those species with ovate sepals.

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Hoya albiflora Zipp. ex Blume 1848 Described in Rumphia 4 (1848) 33 t. 188. Hoya albiflora Zipp. ex Blume. "Calyx for the most part not, if not briefly a third of the corolla, spreading, definitely 5 parted, becoming green, inside at the base muricate (rough); lobes oblong-lanceolate, acute, very concave somewhat equal."

Calyx: outside hirsute, inside glabrous. Sepals 0.39 cm. long 0.22 cm. wide at base, overlap about 1/4 or less, apex narrowing almost apiculate. Small ligules at 4 sinuses extra appendages present.

This is a big flower with large parts! Here the portion of the outside of the calyx (all that will show in the 10X scope) enlarged about 16X. There is slight overlap of the sepals at the base, the outside id thickly pubescent (hirsute) as is the pedicel.

49

Pedicel: nearly straight, covered with dense hirsutum pointing in various directions 0.16 cm. in diameter, 2.8 cm. long expanded toward calyx with the base there 0.34 cm. in diameter.

Ovaries: short columnar, ends narrowly ounded, internally at apical end with long ciliated hairs present. Also a possible sheath around them with shorter hairs present on surface.

50

Hoya arnottiana Wight 1834 Described in Contributions to the Flora of India (1834) 37. Hoya arnottiana Wight, 11. No mention of the calyx in the type description.

Top view of the calyx. At least ½ overlap of the sepals, glabrous broadly rounded.

Calyx: outside punctate, inside glabrous, lobes 0.20 cm. long and widest also 0.20 cm., much overlap, ligules present at the base sinus area in a 12-1-2-1 configuration.

Side view of the calyx, a portion of the pedicel and the ovaries. Enlarged about 16X. There are a few scattered hairs on the pedicel and calyx base which in general is granulose, sepals outspread. Ovaries are domed tapering to the apex rather sharply.

Pedicle: with a few scattered hairs otherwise glabrous, terete, tapering larger toward the calyx base. 0.13 cm. in diameter.

51

Hoya atimonianensis Kloppenburg & Siar 2006

View showing the pedicel and calyx attached to the flower. Sepals do not quite reach the sinuses of the corolla. Outer surface of corolla is glabrous.

Outside surface of a calyx with pedicel cut off. Calyx is a broad based triangular with outer apices obtuse, bases overlap about 1/3. surfaces are glabrous, granulose outside.

Inside view of a calyx enlarged about 16X. Surfaces are slick-glabrous. Sepals 0.20 cm. long, 0.18 cm. wide at the base, ligules are present. Ovaries: erect, glabrous, columnar. 0.15 cm. tall and base pair 0.11 cm. wide.

52

Hoya aurantiaca Kloppenburg & Siar 2009

Described in Asia Life Sciences 18(1):140-144, 2009

Outside view of the corolla with excised pedicel enlarged about 8X. Corolla surface is glabrous, nearly satiny with very fine granulated surface. Sinus – sinus Sinus – center Sinus – apex Apex – center Widest

0.30 cm. 0.30 cm. 0.42 cm. 0.67 cm. 0.38 cm.

Calyx outside view enlarged about 8X. Surface is granulate, glabrous. sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses. overlap at their base ca. 1/3, apices are obtuse, shape broadly ovate but not round. 0.16 cm. long and 0.15 cm. at the widest.

Inside (top) view of the calyx enlarged about 8X. Surface is glabrous smooth, slick, ligules are present one at each sinus. Ovaries are narrowly columnar 0.13 cm. tall and base pair is 0.08 cm. wide., Color darker then calyx a dull rusty-brown. There are a few short fine cilia present.

53

Hoya australis subsp. nathaliae Kloppenburg & Siar Described in Fraterna 2011

Side view of a calyx enlarged about 16X. Sepals are broadly ovate with little basal overlap, outside pubescent inside slick and glabrous, centrally thickened, no ligules, Center – apex 0.28 cm., apex – base 0.16 cm., widest 0.15 cm. Ovaries are shortly and broadly domed, glabrous, 0.17 cm. tall and 0.15 cm. wide at pair base.

Corolla center outside with calyx still attached enlarged about 8X, sepals do not come near the corolla sinus, corolla surface here glabrous.

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Hoya australis subsp. rupicola (R. BR. ex Trail) Forster et Liddle Described as Hoya rupicola in Telopia 3 (1) (1986) 252. “A Revision of (Asclepiadaceae) in Australia” K. D. Hill.

Hoya

"Sepals oblong, 4-5 mm long."

Top view of the calyx. Hirsute on outer surface with hairs hooked forward and edges ciliate, inside glabrous and crystalline; overlapped about 1/2 way, ligules present at the sinuses. Sepals broadly ovate, tapering slightly toward apex, 0.33 cm. long, 0.25 cm. widest; diameter 0.80 cm.

Pedicel strict, stout, hirsute 0.42 cm. in diameter, individual hair cells bent, clear 0.09 cm. long.

55

Hoya benvergarai Kloppenburg & Siar 2008 Described in Asia Life Sciences 17(1):58-62, 2008

Top view of the calyx & ovaries enlarged about 8X: sepals small, glabrous, apex rounded, 0.15 cm. long, 0.17 cm at the widest, ligules present but difficult to observed. Apex varies from acute to obtuse. Ovaries: domed 0.15 cm. tall and 0.10 cm wide at base of the pair. glabrous.

Outside view of the flower. Sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses. Corolla outside surface glabrous, crystalline. Enlarged about 8X.

56

Hoya benitotanii Kloppenburg & Siar 2010

Top view of the calyx enlarged about 8X. These sepals are very rounded as opposed to the triangular sepals found on H. gigantanganensis. Ciliate, finely reticulate veined, 0.15 cm. long and 0.18 cm. wide with nearly 1/2 overlap; ligules at base white, small.

57

Hoya bordenii Schlechter 1906 Described in Philippine Journal of Science 1 supp. p.302 1906. "segments of the calyx ovate obtuse, toward the base sparsely puberulous, about 1.5 mm. long."

Calyx: Sepal 0.15 cm. long, 0.18 cm. widest. short round ligules present, edges entire inner surfaces glabrous., outer finely puberulent.

58

Hoya brevialata Kleijn & Donkelaar 2001 Described in Blumea 2001: Calyx not mentioned in the type description.

Side view of the calyx, a portion of the pedicel and ovaries enlarged about 16X. Pedicel curved. ca. 1.4 cm. long and 0.10 cm. in diameter, glabrous. Calyx glabrous on both surfaces, sepals 1/3 overlap at the bases, length 0.15 cm., widest 0.15 cm. Ligules present but not distinct. Ovaries bottle shaped, paired base of pair 0.09 cm. and 0.11 cm. tall.

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Hoya brittonii Kloppenburg, 1992

Type: Britton #19519, PNH Badoc, Calapan, Mindoro Creek, Mindoro, Philippines. In Fraterna 4Q, 1, 1992.

Photomicrographs from Type material:

Pedicel, calyx and corolla enlarged about 8X. The sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses, are ciliate, overlapped at the base and with rounded apices.

Top inside view of the calyx enlarged about 8X. Here again note the ciliate edges and rounded apices also the overlap at the base and the presence of ligules, 2-2-1-1-1.

A new clone found 2007 in the Philippines: Calyx front view enlarged about 16X. Sepals are ovate, ciliate, glabrous, membranous 0.07 cm. long and 0.06 cm. at the widest. Ovaries narrow columnar 0.08 cm. tall and on04 cm wide at base of pair. Back view of the flower enlarged about 32X. pedicle sub-bulbous at calyx base, surface of it and sepals outside finely granulate, sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses, overlap about ¼ at the base. Corolla revolute. Outer surface glabrous.

60

Hoya chiekoae Kloppenburg, Ferreras & Mendoza 2012

Calyx: side view enlarged ca. 16x. Sepals are short, 0.14 cm long, 0.15 cm at the widest, 1/3 overlap, glabrous on both surfaces.

Calyx: top view (dorsal) enlarged ca. 21x. Long narrow ligulas are present at the sinuses, edges of the sepals are slightly ragged. Sepals are sub round with an obtuse apex. Ovaries: dome shaped, glabrous, 0.15 cm tall and base pair 0.10 cm wide.

61

Hoya cinnamomifolia Hooker 1848 Described in Curtis Botanical Magazine (1848) tab. 4347. No mention of the calyx in the type description.

Calyx: small obtuse, ciliate near the base, 0.20 cm long and 0.17 cm. at the widest, ligules present. Ovaries: thick and short, domed, 0.145 cm tall and the paired base 0.17 wide.

Pedicels: curved, glabrous, green, 2.0 cm. long and 0.09 cm in diameter.

62

Hoya crassicaulis Elmer ex Kloppenburg 1995 Described in Fraterna1995/3: 10-13. "calyx 0.15 cm. long ovate-triangular, somewhat obtuse, somewhat hyaline, outside punctate and sparsely ciliate or glabrous; corolla rotate apices reflexed."

Calyx: sepal edges ciliate, ligules present. 0.15 cm. long and 0.11 cm. widest. Outer surface glabrous.

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Hoya cupula Kloppenburg, Mendoza & Ferreras 2013 ISSN 10055-4564

Calyx: below side view enlarged ca. 33x. The sepals are granulate outside, slick glabrous inside, I did not observe ligules. Sepals 0.10 cm long and 0.06 cm at the widest, apices obtuse.

Ovaries: glabrous 0.09 cm tall and the base pair is 0.06 cm wide. Apical area contracted slightly.

Ovary apical end greatly enlarged to show the surface (finely granulate) and the apex with some subacute projections.

64

Hoya darwinii Loher 1910 Described in Gardener's Chronicle Vol. 47 (1910): 66 (3rd Series). No mention of calyx in type description.

Calyx: sepals are ovate with obtuse apices. 0.24 cm. long and 0.26 cm widest. Edges are membranous and somewhat ragged. Ligules are plainly visible at the sepal bases. Diameter of calyx 0.7 cm.

Calyx outside surface granulose, sepal edges ragged, glabrous and waxy inside; thickened in the central regions of the sepals.

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Hoya davaoensis Kloppenburg ISSN 2329-7336

View of the pedicel, calyx and corolla outside. Pedicel is glabrous strict, terete. Sepals: ovate, 0.37 long and 0.27 at the widest, edge entire overlapped ca. 1/2.

66

Hoya davidcummingii Kloppenburg 1995 Described in Fraterna 1995/2:10-11. "quam ligulae presentia."

Calyx: glabrous shinny inside, ligules present but difficult to see, outside glabrous and granular especially near the rachis. Lobes triangular 0.10 cm. long x 0.09 cm at base with ¼ or less overlap.

Pedicel: round with a slight curve, filiform, yellowish, mostly glabrous 0.85 cm. long.

67

Hoya deykei Green 2000 Described in International Hoya Society publication Fraterna 12/1:7-8 (2000). "Calyx: 3mm in diameter, both sides glabrous with ciliate edges."

Calyx: outside granular, edges ciliate, sepals broad, overlapping ca. 1/3, 0.11 cm. long and 0.10 wide at middle, translucent, ligules at the base. Ovaries stubby, dome shaped.

Pedicels: strict, terete, glabrous, under high magnification finely and shortly pubescent with larger raised lenticular protrusions, 1.4 cm. long.

68

Hoya diptera Seemann 1942 Described in Flora Vitiensis (1866) 163. In Sargentia 2 (1942) 113. "Fijian Pant Studies" A. C. Smith. "calyx-lobes membranaceous, inconspicuous, deltoid, 0.7-1.1 mm. long and broad, glabrous except for the ciliate margin". Calyx not mentioned in type description. This plant was collected by Ted Green in Vanuatu, the sepals are not ciliate as the Fiji species is and the two should be further compared. Top view of the calyx. The sepals are very short and very broad at the base. Here on the right side some of the corola has remained when the calyx was removed. The sepals come nowhere near reaching the corolla sinuses. Sepals 0.11 cm. long and 0.20 at the widest.

Section of pedicel, calyx and ovaries. The pedicel is glabrous and the calyx is extremely small, rotate. Ovaries are domed, glabrous, pale yellow color.

69

Hoya diversifolia Blume 1826 Described in Bijdagen tot de Flora von Nederlandsche Inde 1064. Calyx not mentioned in the type description.

70

Hoya diversifolia subsp. el-nidicus Kloppenburg 1991 Described in Fraterna 3rd Quarter 1991 p. I. "Calycis segmenta ovalia obtusissima, margine breviter ciliata, quam corolla multo minora."

Calyx: inside glabrous outside granulose and furrowed (wrinkles), sepals overlap 1/3 ovate ciliate 0.20 cm. tall and 0.20 at the widest.

Pedicels: are curved 1.5 cm. long, terete, glabrous, uniform diameter 0.10 cm. Ovaries: short broad domed. 0.07 cm. tall and base pair 0.07 cm.

71

Hoya erythrostemma Kerr 1939 Described in Kew Bulletin (1939) 460. (Siam) A. F. G. Kerr.

Top view of the calyx enlarged about 16X, lobes ovate obtuse 0.13 cm. long, 0.10 cm wide. glabrous on both surfaces, edges ragged. Ovaries: small domed, glabrous

A second clone Top view of the calyx enlarged about 8X. ovate, ciliate sepals, apex obtuse, lobes overlap ½ ligules present, outside finely pubescent, inside glabrous. Sepals 0.30 cm. long 0.20 cm. widest. Pedicel ca. 1.5 cm. long 0.10 cm. in diameter. Ovaries: 0.13 cm. tall 0.07 cm. base pair.

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Hoya espaldoniana Kloppenburg, Siar & Cajano ISSN 2329-7336 Published in New Hoya volume 2-1, 2014, rare-hoyas.com.

Calyx: side view enlarged ca. 25x. Sepals are sub oval, apices obtuse 0.15 cm long and -0.08 cm wide near the base. Ovaries: are columnar, glabrous 0.10 cm tall and base pair 0.07 cm wide.

Calyx and ovaries top view, enlarged ca. 18x, sepals are ciliate, cells scattered and relatively long, sepal surfaces are glabrous inside and out, small overlap at base, no ligules observed.

Calyx attached to the flower ventral side, enlarged ca. 12x, corona revolute, glabrous ventral, apices of corolla lobes also glabrous. Cilia visible on sepal edges.

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Hoya excavata Teijsmann & Binnendijk 1863 Described in Natuurkunndie Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie 25 (1863) 406. "Calyx small, of 5 parts. lobes acute, greenish membranaceous ciliate."

Top view of the calyx. The sepals are broad, ciliate, cupped overlapped about ¼ at the base, outer apex obtuse and with ligules at the bases. A thickened collar is present. Calyx: sepals broad, short, ovate, ciliate; 0.30 cm. tall and 0.32 cm. wide, concave on the glabrous inside and out, overlap 1/3; long ligules present at the base.

The side view of the peduncle, calyx and ovaries, evidently dehydrated slightly. This is a short straight pedicle, glabrous, expanded just before reaching the calyx.

Pedicel: short and straight, 1.5 cm. long, glabrous and 0.14 cm. in diameter.

Ovaries: 0.12 cm. tall 0.15 cm. wide at the base.

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Hoya filiformis Rechinger 1834

Described in Repertorium Specierum Novarum 5 (1908) 132. K. Rechinger. 17.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries side vied enlarged about 8X. Pedicel 1.6 cm. long x 0.05 cm. in diameter, glabrous, yellow color. Calyx hyaline, only slight overlap 0.14 cm. long and widest 0.12 cm.; edges ciliate, ovate. Ovaries domed, 0.11 cm. tall and base pair 0.06 cm. wide.

Top view of the calyx enlarged about 24X. Sepals are ciliate but there is also hirsute cells around the base of the ovaries. No ligules seen.

75

Hoya isabelaensis Kloppenburg, Siar & Ferreras

Outside view of the calyx enlarged as above, Sepals ovate triangular, 0.10 cm long x 0.09 cm widest, apices obtuse, overlap ca. ½. Outer surface glabrousgranulate, inside slick all glabrous. Do not reach the corolla sinuses.

Calyx: Inside surface with ovaries enlarged ca. 35X, the sepals are membranous, ligules are present. Ovaries columnar, darker color, 0.10 cm tall and 0.07 cm wide at base pair.

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Hoya hainanensis Merrill 1923 Described in Philippine Journal of Science23:263 E. D. Merrill. "Calyx lobes oblong-ovate, rounded, 1 mm. long, glabrous." material from the type sheet.

This flower is photo from a type sheet at (UC) and has ciliate sepals yet Merrill says "not acute and ciliate”. Sepals 0.15 cm. long and 0.10 cm. widest.

77

Hoya imperialis Lindley 1846 In Botanical Register sub t. 68 (1846) Lindley.

Calyx: Outside view of the apex of sepal enlarged about 16X, surface outside pubescent like the pedicel, same hair cells most pointed abaxially, apex – base 0.95 cm widest 0.65 cm, ligules are present. base to sinus 0.29 cm, sepal edges with some cilia., apex obtuse.

Outside surface of the calyx at the sinus area enlarged about 16X.

Inside surface of the apical area of a sepal enlarged about 16X, surface is glabrous finely crystalline and edges ciliate, relatively thick.

Inside view of the calyx at the sinus area enlarged about 16X, edges of sepals are ciliate, there is a yellow triangular ligule at each sinus, overlap at base is a little less than 1/3 or 0.29 cm

Looking down on the ovaries enlarged about 16X. They are glabrous all over, columnar, 0.65 cm long and 0.40 cm wide at the base of the pair.

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Hoya inconspicua Hemsley 1894 Described inn Kew Bulletin (1894) 213. Hemsley. Hoya inconspicua, Hemsl., n. sp.

“Flora of the Solomon Islands”.

W. B.

Side view of the pedicel, calyx, and ovaries, enlarged about 16X. The pedicel has a few scattered hairs but for the most part is glabrous smooth and round. There is a bulbous expansion just below the calyx, the sepals are out-spread and short. The ovaries are distinctive, long bottle shaped and reddish brown in color.

A bottom view of the flower showing the calyx attached to the corolla. The base of the calyx is a bulb like expansion of the pedicel. The sepals do not reach the corolla sinus, and are very short with a rough exterior and an occasional hair.

79

Top view of the calyx enlarged about 16X. Note the overlap of these rather small broad sepals, their obtuse apices and their membranous texture.

80

Hoya juannguoana Kloppenburg 2002

Calyx side view enlarged about 8X. Very short, stubby, triangular sepals from an enlarged granulose base. Ovaries actually pale green also stubby and broad based.

Calyx top view enlarged about 16X, overlap about ¼ at base with ligules present.

81

Hoya kerrii Craib 1911 Described in Kew Bulletin 418-419 "Contributions to the Flora of Siam" W. G. Craib. "Sepals ovate-oblong, very obtuse, 2.5 mm. long, puberulous and ciliate."

Calyx: ciliate, again a few long hairs at the expanded base, outer surface punctate. Ligules at the inside base of the sepals. Length 0.20 cm., widest 0.18 cm.

Pedicel: strict, terete, glabrous except for a very occasional long hair cell pointing forward. 0.12 cm. in diameter. Ovaries: base 0.14 cm. Side view of the pedicel, and calyx. Note there are differences in the structure of the pedicel as it approaches the calyx. In some species the pedicel enlarges (tapers) toward the calyx, in others as here there is little enlargement until just before the calyx base is reached. In this clone the pedicel is strict, terete, glabrous (except for an occasional hair cell pointing forward) but the surface is lenticular. In the clone “hairy” the pedicel is pubescent. There also in variation in the shape of the sepals among the different clones. Here the shape is rather ovoid and the sepals are ciliate, base is granularknobby.

82

Hoya lacunosa Blume 1826 Described in Bijdragen tot de Flora von Nederlandsche Indië (1826) 1063. C. L. Blume. Calyx not mentioned in the type description.

Calyx: small, individual, sepals granulose outside 0.09 cm. long base 0.06 cm wide.

Pedicels: Slightly curved 0.11 cm. in diameter 0.55- 0.78 cm. long, glabrous terete .

View of under side of flower showing the revolute corolla lobes. Note that the apex of each lobe is glabrous, this is true of many Acanthostemma species, the upper side is pubescent. The sepals are short, granulose and do not overlap. The pedicel is slightly thickened at the end, round and slightly granular.

83

Hoya landgrantensis Kloppenburg & Siar sp. nov. 2009

Published in Asia Life Sciences 18 (1) 147-159 2009.

Calyx: sepals nearly to the corolla sinuses, membranaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, ovate elliptic apex blunt, widest at the overlap that is ca. ¼.; 0.22 cm. long and 0.13 at the widest. Ovaries: short, columnar, and glabrous. 0.10 cm. tall and as wide at pair base. Enlarged about 8X.

Side view of outside of flower enlarged ca. 8X, the sepals nearly reach the corolla sinuses. The coronal lobe outer apices exceed the corolla sinuses. corolla outer surface is glabrous and slick. All parts are yellow in color.

84

Hoya lazaroi Kloppenburg &Siar 2008

Described in Asia Life Sciences 17(1):2008. 66-70

Back of calyx enlarged about 16X. Pedicel is strict, terete, 2.0 cm long and 0.10 cm in diameter, glabrous. Sepals are glabrous 0.37 cm long and 0.20 cm at the widest, ovate with obtuse apex, ¼ overlap.

Calyx inside view, sepals are glabrous slick inside, relatively thin, ligules are present. Ovaries are small, domed, glabrous 0.15 cm tall and 0.12 cm wide at pair base.

Calyx on outside of corolla enlarged as above. Sepals reach the corolla sinuses. Corolla outside is glabrous, pedicel tapering larger at the calyx base. Corolla rotate.

85

Hoya leucorhoda Schlechter 1913 Described in Botanische Jahrbücher 50 (1913) 119. R. Schlechter. 23. "Leaflets (lobes) of the calyx ovate obtuse, glabrous, much shorter than from the corolla."

Top view of the calyx and ovaries. Ligules are present at the base of the sepals and in this instance one ligule has an extra ear like appendage at the top, rose colored, edges ciliate. 0.09 cm. long, 0.10 cm. widest. ligule pattern 2-1-21-1.

Side view of the pedicel, calyx and ovaries. Pedicel 2.5 cm. long, glabrous with lenticels, terete 0.1 cm. in diameter, enlarged near the calyx. Ovaries short domed, 0.20 cm. tall, base pair 0.15 cm. waxy yellow, glabrous.

86

Hoya limonica Moore 1921 Described in Journal of the Linnean Society 45 (1921) 368. “Plants of New Caledonia” S. Moore. "calyx 1.5 mm. outside papillose, segments ovate, obtuse, glabrous."

Calyx: center to apex 0.18 cm., apex broadly rounded. Sepals widest 0.14 cm. near the base, ca. 0.11 cm. long. To the right is a top view of the calyx. The sepals here are small and broad with rounded ends, with about ¼ overlap at the base, with ligules present.

Pedicel: enlarged upward toward the calyx, straight, glabrous, with a few lenticels. 0.10 cm. on diameter.

87

Hoya lobii Hooker 1883 Described in Flora of British India 4 (1883) 54. J. D. Hooker. "Sepals ovate-lanceolate, glabrous."

Top view of the calyx enlarged about 16X. the basal ligules are plainly in view in this species in a series of 1-2-1-2-2 and not all the same size. There is a definite pentagonal base area around the ovaries from which the ligules arise. Calyx: sepals ca. 0.50 cm. long x 0.30 cm. widest, overlap 1/2, central portion thick with lenticular red spots, edges yellow (no spots) both surfaces glabrous, outside granulose. The sepals reach the sinus of the corolla. Side view of the calyx and a small portion of the pedicel enlarged about 16X, this is a relatively large pedicel, nearly glabrous with some vertical lenticels (appear much like stippling). Sepals are nearly 1/2 overlapped, broad base, center thickened outside surface as the pedicels, often roughly wrinkled at the base; inside waxy smooth and glabrous. Pedicel: yellow, tapering (enlarged) toward the calyx 2.5 cm. long and 0.18 cm in diameter; lots of lenticels with red pigmentation on the surface. Ovaries: 0.24 cm. at base of the pair, 0.25 cm. tall. Yellow with red apex.

88

Hoya longifolia Wight & Wallich 1834 Described in Contributions to the Botany of India (1834) 36. R. Wight & Wallich. Calyx not mentioned in the type description.

Top view of the calyx. There is an 1/4 overlap of the sepals, they are slightly concave on this inner surface, waxy, smooth and glabrous. The apices are tapering near acute. There is a green elongated triangular ligule at the sinus of each sepal.

Side view of the pedicel and calyx with ovaries. The pedicel is terete, rough from vertical lenticular ridges (many are stained rusty-violet); the expanded end (the base of the calyx) is covered with scattered hairs pointing apically, surface is also granular, sepals a little less so. Ovaries are short domed shaped here green.

89

Hoya loyceandrewsiana Green 1995 Described in Fraterna 4/4: 1995 "calyx 5 mm in diameter, individual lobes ovate-deltoid 1 mm long, reddish."

Top view of the calyx and ovaries. The sepal edges here are rough but not ciliate, The large ligules at the base of the sepals are visible. Lobes are short and broad with rounded outer apex. Calyx: very small for flower size, outside granulose, apex rounded, sepals rusty colored, pedicel and base greenishyellow a few hairs ciliate. Beautiful! Overlap at base about 20%. long ligules and some reach the sinus.

Side view of calyx, ovaries and a portion of the pedicel enlarged about 16X. Ovaries are dome shaped. Pedicel enlarges as it nears the calyx and there are some scattered hairs and rough lenticular surface.

Pedicel: pubescent with hairs hooked, strict, 0.18 cm. in diameter. 3.0 cm. long. Lenticels and streaks of rust color. (I made measurements over a 5 year period (3) and have the diameter as 0.15; 0.16 and 0.18 cm.).

90

Hoya lucardenasiana Kloppenburg & Siar 2009 Published in Asia Life Sciences 18(1) 144-147, 2009

Calyx on pedicel enlarged as above, Pedicel enlarges only slightly at calyx base, sepals short ovate, 0.15 cm. long and 0.10 cm. at the widest, reach less than half way to the corolla sinuses, apex obtuse. Ovaries are tapered dome shaped 0.15 c, tall and base pair 0.13 cm. wide, glabrous.

Top view of the calyx enlarged about 8X. Ligules are present, sepals with very slight overlap. Both surfaces are glabrous.

91

Hoya macgillivrayi Bailey 1914 Described in Queensland Agriculture Journal 1 (1914) 190. F. M. Bailey. Contributions to The Flora of Queensland. By. F. Manson Bailey, C.M.G., F.L.S., Colonial Botanist. Order Asclepiadeae. Hoya R. Br..

Side view from below of the calyx and ovaries enlarged about 8X. Sepals are outspread do not reach the corolla sinuses, glabrous inside and out.

Top view of the calyx and ovaries enlarged about 8X, sepals are ovate, overlap about ½, no ligules present, 0.25 cm. long and 0.34 cm. at the wisest. Ovaries, columnar, glabrous, 0.20 cm. tall and 025 cm wide at base of pair.

92

Hoya mahaweensis Kloppenburg & Siar sp. PNH 181 Permanent Herbarium Celebes. Mt. Mahawee, Tomhon 1200m, Roll 204

Calyx and ovaries enlarged about 16X. Sepals: 0.09 cm. long, 0.07 cm. widest near base, ligules present. Ovaries: columnar 0.10 cm. tall and base pair 0.05 cm. wide.

93

Hoya marvinii Kloppenburg, Mendoza & Ferreras 2013 ISSN 1055-4564

Calyx: outside surface enlarged ca. 22x, this surface is dull glabrous, edges sparsely ciliate, lobe apices obtuse, centrally thickened slightly. Base shortly globose.

Calyx: inside surface enlarged ca. 12x, inner surface is dull glabrous, cilia on edges, bases slightly overlapping, dark ligules present. 0.12 cm long and 0.07 cm at the widest. Ovaries: narrowly triangular with narrow acute apex, glabrous, 0.10 cm long and base pair 0.06 cm wide.

94

Hoya meliflua subsp. fraterna (Blanco ex Merrill) Green Described in Flora de Filipinas 1(1837) 202-203 Blanco. Stepelia Meliflua. "Calyx of 5 oval parts." Top view of calyx. Sepals are ovate, overlap about ½ have large visible glands at the bases, Ovaries are domed columnar and are almost fused in the center. Calyx: sepals 0.30 cm. long, 0.20 cm. at widest, granulose outside, 2/3 overlap, edges a little ragged, apex reaches sinus of corolla, broad rounded; with single and multiple ligules present, sharp points. (H. meliflua subsp. meliflua). Measurements below of the subspecies fraterna. Pedicel: 2.8 cm. long, terete, 0.12 cm in diameter, glabrous with lenticels, straight, enlarged toward calyx. Calyx: sepals 0.49 cm long, 0.42 cm. at widest, granulose outside, 2/3 overlap, edges a little ragged, apex reaches sinus of corolla, broad rounded; with single and multiple ligules present, sharp points. Ovaries: 0.02 cm tall; base 0.20 cm. domed in shape.

95

Hoya memoria Kloppenburg 2004

Described in Fraterna 17/4:2004, 1-5.

Photo of the pedicel, calyx and ovaries enlarged about 8X. Pedicels of various lengths but longest 1.5 cm. long, 0.10 cm. in diameter, with a few scattered hair cells curved toward the apex, otherwise glabrous. The calyx base is expanded into a semi-globe also with some hairs and granulose surfaced. Calyx lobes oblong obtuse 0.15 cm. long and wide; diameter of calyx 0.36 cm. Ovaries glabrous, short, semi-bottle shaped, 0.15 cm. tall and 0.07 cm. wide at the base pair.

Top view of the calyx enlarged about 8X. The sepals are broad ovate, hyaline, glabrous inside, many hairs outside but few are edge hairs (cilia). There are long ligules in a pattern here of 2-1-0-1-1. The overlap of the sepals is nearly ½. Pedicel is glabrous.

96

Hoya mindorensis Schlechter 1906 Described in Philippine Journal of Science 1 (1906) 302. R. Schlechter. "Segments of the calyx ovate, obtuse, minutely ciliate, around 1.5 mm. long." Top view of the calyx. Sepals are ovate, edges are a little ragged, the base is overlapped about 1/3 and very small ligules are present. 0.11 cm. long and 0.16 cm. wide. Ovaries are narrowly dome shaped 0.09 cm. tall and base of pair is 0.13 cm. wide. Calyx: ovate, a few cilia, some raggedness to the edges of the sepals, 0.11 cm. long x 0.16 cm. widest, very small ligules.

Side view of the pedicel, calyx and ovaries. The pedicels are stout, round, glabrous, enlarged toward the calyx, 1.5 cm. long; 0.09 cm. in diameter, with scattered lenticels.

97

This is a calyx from Hoya erythrostemma Kerr which I placed into synonymy with Hoya mindorensis.

This one from a herbarium sheet at the National Herbarium in Manila, Philippines. PNH 4775.

98

Hoya mindorensis subsp. superba Kloppenburg 2005

Described in Fraterna 18-3. 2005.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries side view enlarged about 16X. Ovaries are glabrous, short dome shaped 0.10 cm. tall and the base pair 0.17 cm. wide.

Outside view of the calyx enlarged about 16X. The sepals are ovate and centrally thickened (more-so then with most hoya species) surface is glabrous, granulose and edges ciliate.

Inside view of the calyx enlarged about 16X. Sepals overlap ca. half way. Ligules are present. Surface glabrous, edges ciliate. Sepals 0.20 cm. long, 0.19 cm at the widest, at overlap.

99

Hoya multiflora Blume 1823 Described in Cat. Hort. Buit. (1823) 49. No mention of the calyx in the type description.

Top view of the corona. Sepals are broad, short with obtuse apices, glabrous, with ligules present, overlap at least ½ way. Widest 0.20 cm. 0.22 cm. tall. with very finely ciliate edges. There are variations in flowers and foliage among this diverse and widespread specie.

Side view of the pedicel, calyx and ovaries enlarged about 8X. Pedicel: 4.5 cm. long, terete, glabrous, medium lime green color, 0.10 cm. in diameter. Calyx cupped inside, glabrous all over. Ovaries: long bottle shaped, glabrous 0.38 cm. tall base pair 0.12 cm. wide. The silvered leaf form labeled “True” has sepals 0.25 cm. long and 0.17 at the widest portion also ciliate. With a 0.70 cm. diameter.

100

Hoya myrmecopa Kleijn & van Donkelaar 2001

Described in Blumea August 2001. Calyx not mentioned in the type description. Photomicrographs from flowers collected by Ted Green and David Kleijn in November 1994. Photographed 19 Dec. 1994.

Calyx top view. This is a small calyx. Basal overlap of sepals about ¼., 0.02 cm. Sepals 0.09 cm. long, 0.18 wide at the widest. Sepal apices do not reach the corolla sinuses. Mostly glabrous on both surfaces but with an occasional cilia on the edge.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries side. Pedicel is glabrous 1.22 cm. long, curved slightly, terete 0.08 cm. in diameter, enlarging slightly below calyx. Ovaries somewhat bottle shaped 0.12 cm. tall and base pair 0.19 cm. wide.

101

Hoya nabawanensis Kloppenburg & Wiberg 2002 Described in Fraterna 15/2:2002,2-6 Photomicrographs of flowers sent via Eva-Karin, Sweden June 2001:

Top view of (two) calyx. The sepals are really short and small in this species. 0.09 cm. at the widest and the diameter of calyx is only 0.09 cm. Sepal length is only 0.07 cm. Both surfaces are glabrous. Calyx extremely diminutive.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries. Pedicel curved 1.75 cm. long and 0.10 cm. in diameter glabrous, terete uniform size. Ovaries upright, glabrous, narrow domed.

102

Hoya neoebudica Guillaumin 1937 Described in Bulletin du Museum National D’Historie Naturelle 4/2 (1937) 294. Guillaumin. "sepals ovate, barely 2 mm. long, apex rounded, very glabrous."

Top view of the calyx. Here the sepals appear much more round than in the side view, apical area tend to narrow a little. They are very thin with a few cilia and long narrow ligules at the bases. Sepals: 0.10 cm. long; 0.15 at the widest. Apex to center 0.21 cm.

Side view of pedicel and. A piece of the corolla evidently still attached. Sepals are relatively small cupped on the inside. Ovaries: are tall and columnar, glabrous. Pedicel: 0.7 cm. long x 0.10 cm. in diameter, glabrous, terete, a little curved.

103

Hoya nicholsoniae Mueller 1865 Described in Fragmentia Phytographiae Australea 5 (1865-66) 159. F. Mueller "Calyx segments ovate-lanceolate, nearly 1 line long." Photo taken in 1990 at Fresno, California via Peter Tsang of Brisbane, Australia labeled Hoya nicholsoniae 'broad leaf'. Cluster of 23 flowers, broad glossy green foliage, palmately veined. Calyx and ovaries top view. There is about a 1/4 overlap of the base of the sepals, broadest at the point of overlap then tapering to a narrow rounded apex, Sepals are thin and membranous, edges entire to slightly ragged. There are large double ligules present at the sinuses. Ovaries are short and dome shaped.

Side view of the pedicel, calyx and ovaries enlarged about 8X. The pedicel is granulose enlarging as it approaches the calyx that is also granulose outside, glabrous and smooth inside. The ovaries are glabrous, glossy yellow. In this variety the pedicel is yellow with some rusty-red lenticular markings and more pronounced on the outside of the sepals.

104

Top view of the calyx enlarged about 24X to show the double ligules, one on either side if the sinus, ovate and relatively thick. Here the somewhat ragged sepal edges are more prominent.

Not all the plants labeled Hoya nicholsoniae are the same. In the next section where I will present calyx types that differ from those above one will be presented which is different and labeled IML 39.

105

Hoya nummularioides Costantin 1912 Described in Florae Generale des Indo-Chine 4 (1912) 129. J. Costantin. "Calyx lobes ovate-obtuse, rounded pubescent."

Calyx with a few hairs on the outside, inside glabrous, sepals are cupped, with a little basal overlap, with a few cilia, lime green ligules are present. 0.11 cm. long and 0.12 cm. at the widest, outer apex obtuse.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries. Pedicel: strict, terete, lime green, fewer smaller pubescence, almost flat, 1.0 cm. x 0.12 cm diam. pointed downward (geotropic). This is the clone with reddish centered corona, The pink centered one has peduncles 3.0 cm long, with hooks hairs, not as long, still very dense 0.15 cm in diameter. Here the pedicels are similar but pubescent hair cells a little longer than on peduncle, turned outward not as pressed as the red one 1.05 cm. long and 0.11 cm. in diameter. Papery white bracts at the base of each pedicel, same for the red one. This species is in the Section Acanthostemma and Subsection angusticarinata.

106

Hoya nyhuusiae Kloppenburg 2002 Described in Fraterna 15/4, 2002

Calyx: outside granulose, lobes small, outspread, ciliate, inside glabrous and waxy in appearance. Sepals 0.17 cm. long, 0.15 cm. at broadest, with small basal overlap, apex obtuse.

Pedicel: curved, terete, with a few scattered hair cells, with granulose lenticellar bumps, very fine lengthwise sulcations, ca. 2.2 cm. long and 0.38 cm. in diameter. Ovaries: short columnar shaped, flat topped, glabrous, white. 0.20 cm. tall and the base of the pair 0.18 cm. wide.

107

Hoya obscura (Elmer ex Merrill) Burton) Described originally in Leaflets of Philippine Botany 10 (1938) 3586. A. E. D. Elmer. Republished in Published in The Hoyan 8/1:15-16. "calyx composed of 5 rotund hyaline segments, scarcely more than 1.5 mm long and about that in width." (Elmer). " Calyx 5 rotundi segmentis c. 1.5 mm. longi et late." (Burton).

Calyx: sepals stubby tip rounded, edges membranaceous, 0.10 cm. at widest (overlap area), 0.12 cm. long, ligules at the juncture of each sepal, 3/4 to the overlap.

Ovaries: narrow flask shaped, 0.15 cm. long, lime green.

108

Hoya ramosii Kloppenburg & Siar 2007 Collected by Ramos & Edano July- September 1928, Catanduanes, Philippines

Described in Fraterna20/4:2007, 17-19

Type sheet material follows:

Pedicel, calyx with ovaries enlarged about 8X, sepal edged membranous, ragged some with a few cilia., extend to the corolla sinuses, 0.11 cm. long x 0.08 cm. widest, ends obtuse. Calyx diameter 0.30 cm. Ovaries: bottle shaped, 0.13 cm. tall and 0.08 wide at base pair.

109

Hoya rizaliana Kloppenburg 1991 Described in Fraterna #3 1(1991) IV. R. D. Kloppenburg. "leaflets of the calyx foliola narrowly ovata, obtusa, glabrous, much smaller than the corolla."

Calyx Lobes: convex, very membranaceous, ovate, obtuse apex. 0.10 cm. long and 0.06 cm. widest.

Pedicel terete, glabrous granulose outside glabrous and shiny inside. Pedicel: 1.0 cm. long, threadlike, round, flexible, glabrous.

110

Hoya rosarioae Kloppenburg & Siar Published in

Side view of the pedicel, calyx and ovary enlarged about 8X. Pedicels are curved of various lengths, forming a cluster of many flowers, terete, glabrous, 0.8 – 1.7 cm. long and 0.08 cm. in diameter. Calyx with sepals ovate 0.10 cm. long and wide overlapped ca. ½ way, ligules present. Do not come near corolla sinuses. Ovaries tapered columnar, glabrous. 0.13 cm. tall and base pair 0.08 cm. wide. Side view of the underside of a flower with pedicel and calyx still attached enlarged about 8X. Corolla on underside glabrous, sepals are short subovate, do not reach the corolla sinuses. corolla is revolute with turned under apices glabrous.

111

Hoya serpens Hooker f. 1883 Described in Flora of British India 4 (1883) 55. J. D. Hooker. "Sepals ovate."

Top view of the above calyx and Ovaries. The sepal apex is broadly rounded, they are overlapped over 1/3, have an occasional cilia and ligules are present at each sinus base. Inner surface is glabrous and waxy. Calyx: outer surface granulose, inside glabrous and waxy, scattered cilia. Sepals over lap over 1/3, 0.20 cm. long, base 0.15 cm., central portions thickened.

Side view of the pedicel and calyx with Ovaries. The pedicel surface has numerous lenticular markings, enlarges toward the calyx slightly and with an occasional curved hair. The sepals are cupped inwardly. Pedicel: green-pickle colored 0.55 cm. long with many lentil and occasional single celled hairs curved apically, base of calyx 0.21 cm. broad. Ovaries: somewhat bottle shaped hairs around the base.

112

with

Hoya shepherdii Short ex Hooker 1861

Described in Botanical Magazine (1861) 5269. Hooker (Curtis’s). Hoya shepherdi Mr. Shepherd’s Hoya. Nat. Ord. Asclepiadaceae.—Pentandria Digynia.

Side view of calyx, pedicel and ovaries, enlarged about 16X. The sepals are short, granulose and lenticeled on the outside, glabrous on the inside. The pedicel is also covered with lenticels.

Top view of the calyx including ovaries, enlarged approximately 16X. The sepal apex is rounded, obtuse, there is at least a 1/3 overlap, the edges are membranous. Note the ligules at the sepal base, at each sinus.

113

Hoya soligamiana Kloppenburg & Siar 2009

Described in Asia Life Sciences 18(1): 2009. 151-154.

View showing the pedicel and calyx attached to the flower. Sepals do not quite reach the sinuses of the corolla. Outer surface of corolla is glabrous.

Outside surface of a calyx with pedicel cut off. Calyx is a broad based triangular with outer apices obtuse, bases overlap about 1/3. surfaces are glabrous, granulose outside.

Inside view of a calyx enlarged about 8X. Surfaces are slick-glabrous. Sepals 0.20 cm. long, 0.18 cm. wide at the base, ligules are present. Ovaries: erect, glabrous, columnar. 0.15 cm. tall and base pair 0.11 cm. wide.

114

Hoya taytayensis Kloppenburg & Siar

Left: inside view of the calyx, ovaries dark near center. Right: bottom view of the calyx. Pedicel: 1-1.5 cm. long, straight, glabrous. Calyx: 0.20 cm. long and 0.17 cm wide at the base. Ovate with a few cilia on edges, overlap about 1/3 at base. Ovaries: 0.13 cm. tall and 0.09 cm. wide at base pair. Very short domed, glabrous.

115

Hoya unica Kloppenburg, Mendoza & Ferreras 2013 ISSN 1055-4564

Calyx: enlarged ca. 36x. The sepals are sub-ovate glabrous on both surfaces, slight basal overlap, 0.11 cm long and 0.08 cm at the widest. Ligules present at the sinuses. Ovaries: are columnar, glabrous 0.06 cm tall and base pair 0.05 cm wide.

Ovaries enlarged greatly to show the granulate circular protrusions to the apex.

116

Hoya verticillata (Vahl) G. Don 1837

Described in General System of Gardening and Botany 4 (1837) 128. G Don.

Bottom view of the same flower enlarged about 8X. Calyx is small broadly triangular with a rounded apex and a few cilia. Acute coronal lobes project beyond the coronal sinus. Corolla underside is glabrous but granulose. Note the conduplicate (ears) on the coronal sinus area. Sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses.

Outside surface of the calyx and pedicel enlarged about 8X. Sepals membranous, overlap is about 1/3, base broad apex rounded; do not come near the corolla sinuses. Calyx outside glabrous but punctate. Inside glabrous, waxy appearing. Center – apex 0.14 cm.

Inside view of the calyx enlarged about 8X. Note the shape of the sepals. Edges with an occasional cilia, ligules at the bases, small dark colored, swollen. Apex – base Base

117

0.12 cm. 0.10 cm. wide.

Hoya vitensis Turrill 1917 Described in Journal of the Linnean Society 43 (1917) 34. H. S. Gibbs & W. B. Turrill. "Sepals 5, almost triangular, somewhat acute, 1.75 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, distinctly ciliate." Photomicrographs follow, flowers from Herbarium sheet (UC) #20723. Pedicel, calyx and ovaries side view. Pedicel: 3/3 cm. long, terete, a ver few scattered hairs. 0.05 cm. in diameter Ovaries: 0.15 cm. tall. Columnar nipple ended. Calyx: sepals outside glabrous, ciliate, inside glabrous shiny. 0.10 cm. long, 0.11 cm. widest, overlap about ¼. 2 ligules at each sinus.

Corolla outside view. Pedicel curved. Calyx small, sepals do not come near the corolla sinuses. Corolla outside granulose, inside velvety pubescent, papillose.

118

Hoya vitellinioides Brink f. 1950 Described in Blumea 6 (1950) 381. “Notes on the Flora of Java” R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink. "calyx lobes narrowly triangular somewhat obtuse ciliate very sparsely puberulous 1 mm long." From specimen IPPS 7020 Sumatra.

Calyx: diameter 0.22 cm., sepals 0.19 cm. long, ciliate.

119

Hoya wibergiae Kloppenburg 2001

Described in Fraterna 14/1:2001, 5-8

View of the calyx and pedicel enlarged about 16X. Note the very small sepals and relatively large ligules at the sepal base. The edges are slightly irregular and there are a few cilia. Pedicel is terete, with a very-very fine pubescent surface.

120

Hoya yapiana Kloppenburg 2010

Described in Gardens Bulletin, Singapore, 2010.

Pedicel: variable in length, curved, glabrous with crystalline surface longest ca. 1.5 cm. 0.10 cm. diameter, very slight enlargement at the calyx.. Here enlarged about 15X. Calyx: is small and calyx lobes do not reach the corolla sinuses. Outer surface of calyx lobes are granulose, thickener centrally slightly, edges membranous. 0.08 x 0.08 cm. glabrous inside, apex obtuse, narrow ligules present. Ovaries: cone shaped, glabrous 0.11 cm. long and base pair 0.06 cm broad.

Top inside view of the calyx enlarged as above, Ovaries in most instanced did not remove with the calyx so not shown here. The sepals are very little overlapped at the base.

121

Hoya sp. CAHUP 5268 as Hoya obscura Burton. Photos 14 November 2006 Determination: Labeling is correct.

Calyx enlarged about 16X, sepals are ovate ciliate 0.13 cm. long and 0.06 cm. at the widest, reach ca. ½ way to the corolla sinuses. Ovaries columnar nearly bottle shaped 0.12 cm. long, 0.06 cm wide at the base pair, glabrous.

122

Hoya sp. EG 06097 Flower 9/8/00 at Pearl City, Hawaii. A tight cluster of 23 yellow flowers with bronze-red reflexed lobes.

Photomicrographs: taken at Fresno, CA. 9/19/00 Roll 262.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries. Pedicle is short, terete, finely pubescent (puberulent) 1 cm. long and 0.09 cm. in diameter. Calyx reaches the corolla sinuses, edges minutely and sparsely ciliate, ragged 0.48 cm. in diameter. Sepals 0.17 cm. long; 0.12 cm. at widest, ligules present, pattern 2-1-2-1-1; inside glabrous, outside granulose with small overlap near base.

123

Hoya sp. as H. filiformis This plant is being sold under the name H. filiformis but it in no way fits the description. Photomicrographs and data of this flower follows. Flower sent by Ann Wayman.

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries side vied enlarged about 8X. Pedicel 1.6 cm. long x 0.05 cm. in diameter, glabrous, yellow color. Calyx hyaline, only slight overlap 0.14 cm. long and widest 0.12 cm.; edges ciliate, ovate. Ovaries domed, 0.11 cm. tall and base pair 0.06 cm. wide.

Top view of the calyx enlarged about 24X. Sepals are ciliate but there is also hirsute cells around the base of the ovaries. No ligules seen.

124

Hoya sp. Lisa V2 Via Torill Nyhuus March 2003 as flower cluster in alcohol thought to be close to Hoya sipitangensis. 8/30/03

Side view of the pedicel and calyx enlarged about 16X. Flower clusters are flat, pedicels variable lengths, curved, terete, glabrous, surface fine granular-puberulous most ca. 1.4 cm. long and 0.12 cm. in diameter. Calyx is small similar to the type of H. sipitangensis.

Face view of the pedicel and calyx.. Ovaries tend to remain in the corolla. Calyx lobes very short, broad triangular 1/3 overlap at the base. Faint ligules present and the sinuses. lobes 0.10 cm. long from center to apex 0.15 cm., widest 0.12 cm. Inner surface is horizontal, shiny, outer surface same as pedicel surface.

Pedicel on flower. Calyx so small it only reaches 1/3 the way to the corolla sinuses. Corolla is revolute, outer surface glabrous, inner pubescent except for the apical lobe areas.

125

Hoya sp. Long Mau via Ted Green

Calyx: sepals with edges finely ciliate, 0.17 cm. long and 0.18 cm. widest glabrous outside. Large ligules present.

Side view of the pedicel, calyx and ovaries enlarged about 8X. The pedicel is terete, granulose, with some short hair cells, and it is straight. The calyx outer surface is granulose, inside glabrous and waxy in appearance.

126

Hoya sp. CI #3

Edges with occasional cilia otherwise not. Sepals 0.19 cm. long and 0.18 cm. at the widest, surfaces glabrous.

Pedicel glabrous

127

Hoya sp. 574

128

Hoya sp. NS00-004 Via Torill Nyhuus march 2007. Data 5/14/07, 18 flowers in cluster pedicels various lengths curved Section Acanthostemma. Side view of the pedicel and calyx enlarged about 16X. Pedicels curved mostly 2.0 cm. long 0.07 cm. in diameter, glabrous. Calyx base enlarged granulose, glabrous, sepals triangular. Ovaries bottle shaped, glabrous, dark, 0.16 cm. long and 0.11 cm. wide at pair base.

Side view of the inside of th4e calyx enlarged as above, ligules are present, surfaces glabrous, sepals subtriangular, 0.12 cm. long, 0.09 cm. at the widest, base overlaps slightly, apex obtuse.

Outside view of the flower, pedicel and calyx attached enlarged about 10X. The sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses, corolla is revolute outside glabrous and deeply cut.

129

Hoya sp. NG #12

130

Hoya sp. Fresno Palmate 5-23-06

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries side view enlarged about 16X. Calyx is glabrous both surfaces, outside granulose and lenticels present. inside shiny, slick surfaces. Sepals round, ovaries glabrous short domed. 0.18 cm. tall and 0.14 cm wide at base of pair.

Top view of the calyx and ovaries enlarged about 16X. Note the ligules at the sinuses one is doubled. Sepal bases overlapped about 3/4 way, oval ).10 cm. long and 0.14 cm. wide.

131

Hoya sp. PNH 4775 Collected by Geerlan, Sagcal & Fernando at Dinagat, Mindanao 1/10/91. Herb climbing, sap milky white, Lvs. yellow-green, flower yellow-orange at beach forest. This is Hoya mindorensis Schlechter

Calyx large 0.19 x 0.13 cm. outside granulose overlap at base ca. 1/8, edges jagged to ciliate, did not see ligules.

Photo of outside of the flower with pedicel attached enlarged about 8X. Pedicel enlarged at the calyx base, sepals ovate-obtuse, thickened in the center, surface granulose do not reach the corolla sinuses.

132

Hoya sp. PNH 6377 Collected by Ben Stone on Canaloan, Negros, Philippines. Roll 244 4/3/99 Sheet is labeled H. bordenii Schlechter. This is incorrect as this is an Section Acanthostemma species.

Side view of the pedicel, calyx and ovaries. Pedicel: 2.2 cm. long, 0.08 cm. in diameter, curved, terete, glabrous, light colored. Calyx: apex narrowly rounded, 0.15 cm. long, 0.14 cm at the widest, overlap about 1/3 at the base, membranous, ligules present.

133

Hoya sp. PNH 9385 1913 Copies at A/2 BO, US, L, BS Roll 242-243, 3/31/99 most likely H. meliflua Merrill View of the calyx and ovaries with short section of pedicel enlarged about 16X. Pedicel: 1.45 cm. long, terete, glabrous, rusty in color dry, 0.07 cm. in diameter Calyx: lobes are obtuse nearly round, ciliate 0.20 cm. tall and 0.18 cm. at widest, overlap about ½.. Ovaries: short, domed, glabrous, 0.12 cm. tall and 0.07 cm. at base pair. Stylar crown center columnar with capitate head.

134

Hoya sp. PNH 10664 Collected by D. Mendoza & P Convcor on Mt. Hilong-jilong, Cabadbaran, Agusan Prov. Mindanao. Secondary forest. Roll 143, 9 April 1942. Possibly Hoya palawanica.

Pedicel and calyx enlarged about 16X. Pedicel is ca. 2 cm. long, curved, dark color, pubescent, terete, filiform.. Calyx: 0.14 cm. x 0.13 cm., broad oval, glabrous 1/3 overlap.

Pedicels and calyces enlarged about 16X

135

Hoya sp. UC 49328 This species might be hoya bilobata ?

Calyx: sepals 0.11 cm. long and 0.09 cm. widest. Ligules 2-2-1-1-1. outside glabrous,

136

Hoya sp. PNH 1668 SMHI St. Paul’s Bay, Palawan, Philippines Photographed 4/2/99, Roll 243

View of the pedicel, calyx and corolla enlarged about 16X. Pedicel: terete, glabrous, enlarged toward the flower 1.10 cm. long and 0.06 cm. in diameter rusty-yellow colored . Calyx: ovate nearly round edges with a few cilia, otherwise glabrous surfaces, overlap at base about ½ 0.25 tall 0.20 at the widest, dark brown ligules present. Very membranous. Exceed the corolla sinus. Corolla: appears yellowish in color, outside surface glabrous granulate.

View of the pedicel and calyx and ovaries with corolla removed. Sepals ovate and membranous. Ovaries short 0.08 cm. tall and base pair 0.07 cm., glabrous.

137

Hoya sp. PNH 5658 This species was collected by Borbon for The Philippine Floral Project at Catanduanes, Virac Biranga, Kalatang. Sea forest.

Calyx: sepals are ovate, ciliate, overlap almost 3/4, 0.21 cm. long and 0.20 cm. wide. Pedicel 0.21 cm. long and 0.05 cm. in diameter.

138

Hoya sp. PNH 7251 Collected by Reynosa, Sagcal & Garcia at Ifugao, Barg. Banguinge, Kiangan, along ridge 2/08/92, secondary forest. Photographed 4/5/99, roll 244

Pedicel, calyx and ovaries enlarged about 16X. Pedicel: 1.10 cm. long and 0.04 – 0.08 cm. in diameter, enlarges toward the calyx, glabrous. Calyx: lobes obtuse, nearly round, ciliate otherwise glabrous on both surfaces, reflexed when dry, overlapping a little at base. Ligules not noted. 0.17 cm. long and widest 0.15 cm. Ovaries: columnar 0.13 cm. tall, glabrous, apical area narrowing.

139

Hoya sp. PNH 14203 Collected by G. E. Edano Victoria Mts. Palawan 18 March 1951 growing in moss labeled H. gracilis Schlechter incorrectly, it is not in the Section Acanthostemma (Bl.) Klopp. White flower 600m elevation. This appears to be Hoya wibergiae Kloppenburg. Roll 137 Drawing 245. Peduncle: very short, 0.4 cm. pubescent. Pedicel & calyx enlarged about 16X. Pedicel: 1.2 cm. long strict, finely pubescent, with e vascular bundles, ca. 0.5 cm. in diameter enlarging below the calyx. Calyx: 0.13 cm. long x 0.11 at widest, broad ciliate

Outside of flower enlarged about 8X. Sepals reach about ¾ way to the corolla sinuses, is deeply cut. Lobe apex acute widest above the sinuses.

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Hoya acuta Haworth 1821 Described in Revisions Palntarum Succulentarum (1821) 4. A. H. Haworth. Calyx not mentioned in this description nor in Wallich's description of Hoya parasitica.

Top view of the calyx sepals ciliate, 0.17 cm. long and 0.19 cu widest, no ligules.

Pedicels ate strict, terete, some hooked hair cells.

Sepals do not reach the corolla sinuses.

There is some question as to the true identity of this species since the original descriptions say the corolla inside is glabrous and all our present collections have puberulent inner corollas among other differences.

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The next series includes all the remaining species and herbarium specimens most are not linear nor round. They, for the most part, have an apex that is tapered from acute to narrowly rounded. You may find some that would better be placed in the above two categories. Actually there is an almost continuous variability, from one form to another, represented.

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