Understanding Broadband Performance Global Access to the Internet for All (GAIA)
Achilles Petras London, 6 March 2014
Quality of Experience is a function of the accumulation of all network quality degradations e2e It is not just about Bandwidth, but how packets are delivered e2e
QoE = (Qi)
Users
Supply
Applications
Demand
Quality of Experience
Transport protocol behaviour (eg TCP)
Quality of Service
Q: Network Quality Attenuations, ie packet losses, delays and jitter
Planning Rules trigger Capacity upgrades to maintain Performance Traffic Management could free up capacity QoS prioritisation manages differentiation Monitoring correlates quality with load
Planning Rules
QoS
Traffic shaping
Monitoring
QoS Mechanisms and Caching Upstream
Downstream
Content Caching
AQM
End User
Backhaul capacity management
QoS
??
Metro
MSAN
BRAS
Internet EEA
21C Core ISP/CSP
DLM QoS marking Diffserv/Shaping
Not all BB customers can get the headline product speed in the access network 100 Notes: - Sample of 2085 WBC lines (w ith 8M lines redistributed) - Actual WBC data from Dec 2008 - Actual DSL Max data from Dec 2007
90
80
Penetration (%)
70 ADSL1 w orst case
60
ADSL2+ w orst case ADSL1 best case
50
ADSL2+ best case DSL Max actual
40
WBC actual
30
20
10
0 0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
Rate (kbps)
Which means line qualification is essential
Stability of xDSL is another consideration Example: Benefits of NTE filtering
Mind the contributions for the access link
Potential Queueing Delays
Interleaving profile changes
Wi-Fi packet loss interacts badly with traffic rate control mechanisms • •
•
Transport Control Protocol (TCP) congestion control algorithm assumes all packet loss is due to congestion. Radio link errors (e.g. due to RF interference) are not necessarily related to congestion. Slowing the rate of packet transmission is the wrong reaction to interference based packet loss. Potential Solutions: –
–
– –
Wi-Fi Multimedia QoS • Use air interface QoS to prioritise certain traffic Transport Control Protocol Acceleration • Apply techniques to decouple packet errors from TCP rate control Traffic Shaping • Apply traffic shaping at the access point Restricting use of the lowest modulation rates • Eliminate the worst offending airtime hogs
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