Ch.  12  Review:   Approximately  what  percentage  of  Earth's  water  is  fresh  water?   3%   Water  that  falls  to  Earth  as  rain,  snow,  sleet,  or  hail  is  called   precipitation   Sources  of  ________  on  Earth  include  ice,  rivers,  lakes,  and  groundwater   Fresh  water   Clouds  form  when  _____    ______  in  the  atmosphere  condenses  into  water  droplets   Water  Vapor   The  energy  for  the  water  cycle  originally  comes  from  the  _______   Sun     Pure  water  is  neutral,  which  means  it's  not  an  acid  or  base,  what  is  its  pH?   7   The  first  step  in  treating  water  from  a  river  or  lake  is  to  __________   Filter  it   Why  would  chlorine  be  added  to  drinking  water?   to  kill  disease  causing  organisms   Globs  of  particles,  called  flocs,  are  formed  during  what  process  in  water  treatment?   Coagulation   The  amount  of  Calcium  and  Magnesium  determine  what  characteristic  of  water?   Hardness  or  softness   Wetlands  control  flooding  by   absorbing  runoff  from  heavy  rains   What  are  the  3  types  of  wetlands?   Bogs,  swamps,  and  marshes   The  land  that  supplies  water  to  a  river  system  is  a  ____________   Watershed   A  ______    ________  is  made  up  of  a  river  and  its  tributaries   River  System   A  ridge  of  land  that  separates  two  watersheds  is  called  a  ________   Divide   People  obtain  groundwater  by  drilling  a  well  _____    ___    _________   Into  an  aquifer/water  table   What  is  an  aquifer?   underground  layer  of  rock  or  sediment  that  hold  water   Materials  that  allow  water  to  pass  through  easily  are  called  __________   Permeable   The  area  of  soil,  who's  pores  are  totally  filled  with  water,  is  called  the    _______  zone   Saturated   The  type  of  well  where  water  rises  because  of  pressure  is  called  a(n)  ___________  well   Aretesian   Using  less  water  to  brush  your  teeth  is  a  form  of  water  ___________   Conservation   Specific  sources  of  pollution  are  called:   Point  Sources   Pollution  from  run-­‐off  would  be  considered  an  example  of  a:   Non-­‐point  source   The  addition  of  any  substance  to  water  that  has  a  negative  effect  on  living  things  is  called  ______    ________   Water  Pollution   Water  used  for  agriculture  is  used  to  water  what?   Crops/plants  

Know  the  steps  in  the  water  cycle,  especially  the  diagram  in  one  of  your  packets