Reg. No.

MANIPAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Manipal University) SEVENTH S ES TER B E (E & C) DEGR EE END S EMES TER EXAMINATION NOV/DEC -2009 SUBJ ECT: DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESS ING (ECE-409.4) (REVIS ED CREDIT S YS TEM) TIME : 3 HOURS

MAX. MARKS : 50

Instructions to candidates Answer ANY FIVE full questions. Missing data may be suitably assumed.

1A.Explain Optimal Global and Adaptive thresholding. Obtain the analytical expression for T by assuming p1 (z) and p2 (z) as Gaussian distribution function. If μ 1 = 110 σ1 = 15 and μ2 = 200, σ2 = 40, Propose a thresholding solution for segmenting the objects out of the image. (Assume that the Background pixel is more compared to object pixel). 1B. Determine the reconstructed sequence by using the DPCM and Feedforward predictive coder for the following seqence, and also comment on the reconstruction error obtained by both the methods. The sequence: 100 102 120 120 120 118 (5+5) 2A. With a neat block diagram explain Digital Image Processing system. 2B. Explain the Image Processing application in remote sensing system.

(5+5)

3A. What is 2 D discrete Hadamard transform?. Compute 2 D Hadamard transform of given 4*4 image for the following frequency coordinates, (a) (1,1), (b) (2,2).

I

1 1 2 3

2 4 1 2

3 2 3 1

4 1 0 3

3B. What are the types of basic redundancies?, Explain.

ECE-409.4

(5+5)

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4A. Consider the image segment shown. Let V {1,2} and compute the lengths of the shortest 4, 8 and m path between p and q. If a particular path does not exist between these two points, explain why.

3 2 1 p1

1 2 2 0

2 0 1 1

1 2 1 2

q

4B. Write the procedure to obtain global threshold (T) automatically.

(5+5)

5A. Explain the application of digital image processing in change detection. 5B. Explain histogram equalization. Obtain the discrete version of the transformation function for the same. (5+5) . 6A. Explain the use of first and second-order derivatives for image enhancement. (10) ****************

ECE-409.4

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