Friedrich-Schiller University Jena
Agricultural University of Tirana
Second International Conference
Biotechnology in Agriculture at Agricultural University of Tirana Albania
Abstract book
18 - 19 April 2017
Conference President Bari Musabelliu, Rector of the Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania
Organizing committee Fatbardh Sallaku, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Ralf Oelmüller, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Germany Sulejman Sulçe, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Anila Hoda, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Irena Sherameti, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Germany Kai-WunYeh, National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan Ralf-Bernd Klösgen, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany Bationa Shahollari, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany Helmut König, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Maing, Germany Mirela Lika Çekani, University of Tirana, Albania Ferdinand Bego, University of Tirana, Albania Alush Musaj, Public University of Mitrovica, Kosovo Bajram Berisha, University of Prishtina, Kosovo Fadil Millaku, University of Peja, Kosovo Valbona Kolaneci, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Alban Ibraliu, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Shpend Shahini, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Seit Shallari, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Endrit Kullaj, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Edmond Hala, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Etleva Jojiç, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Erta Dodona, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Fetah Elezi, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Edlira Bare, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Albania Raimonda Lilo (Tototni), Polytechnic University of Tirana, Albania
Abstract book
Page 2
Table of content
Table of Content Local and systemic signaling in plant/microbe interaction mediated by a novel chemical mediator .............................1 Duckweed (Lemnaceae) – Biodiversity and multiple applications.....................................................................................1 Wolffia microscopica: Response to environmental signals ..................................................................................................2 A single primary endosymbiotic event led to the kingdom „Plantae“ ...............................................................................2 The wound-induced vascular exudation process of Cucurbitaceae....................................................................................3 Sporamin –an unique trypsin inhibitory protein with multiple biological function to defense against insect attack in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)..............................................................................................................................................3 Treatment of wastewater in the Bylmeti factory .................................................................................................................4 Effects of nitrates and chilli peppers on stability of meat products...................................................................................5 Detailed survey on agriculture land pollution in Kosovo ...................................................................................................5 Evaluation of the presence of Staphylococcus aureus coagulase-positive in food products .............................................6 About green practices for Albania........................................................................................................................................6 HPPs development within Vjosa catchment (Southern Albania) vs. conservation of wildlife and natural habitats (Bern Convention)..................................................................................................................................................................7 HPPs development in Albanian Alps vs. biodiversity and habitat integrity – Valbona National Park case ..................8 Phalaenopsis flowering locus VE regulates floral organ maturation .................................................................................8 Defining of standards and breeding goals of domestic mountain horse ............................................................................9 Production and technological characteristics of table grape Muscat Italija clones..........................................................9 Structure and technological characteristics of some clones of table grape Kardinal.....................................................10 Anatomical and ecological characteristics of Allium decipiens.........................................................................................10 Comparison of essential oil of fresh and dried plant of steno-endemic Salvia adenocaulon P.H. Davis in Turkey .....11 IBA for rooting influence of some varieties of pomegranate (Punica granatum) ...........................................................11 Monitoring of microbiological parameters on the Coast of Durres, Albania .................................................................12 Lumpy skin disease outbreak in Rrapëz, Albania.............................................................................................................12
i
Table of content Landraces in Albanian Alps area: perspectives for on farm conservation and production for quality and local markets..................................................................................................................................................................................13 Efficiency of sawing coniferous trees in the Mitrovica region..........................................................................................13 Livestock traceability system and sustainability issues in Albania..................................................................................14 Distribution of the invasive blue crab Callinectes sapidus in the Lagoon of Viluni (Adriatic Sea, Albania)................14 Kinases, stomates and microbes: Multiple ways to improve abiotic stress resistance of plants....................................15 Higher concentrations of Kainic acid in the red seaweed dulse (Palmaria palmata) ......................................................15 Inverse expression pattern of proangiogenic (HIF-1alpha) and antiangiogenic (vasohibins) factors during different functional stages in the bovine ovary..................................................................................................................................16 Yeast mixtures and Saccharomyces hybrids: suitable tools for performing more sophisticated must fermentations.16 Development of new yeast strains for lowering ethanol content of wines and increase of glycerol ..............................17 Relevant plant traits help to inform phytostabilization of metal polluted sites ..............................................................18 Wounding and Herbivory-induced GABA accumulation in plants.................................................................................18 Potentials to improve gut health and metabolism in animals and humans by feeding modified starches....................19 Genetic diversity of sheep breeds from Albania and Kosova by microsatellite markers and mtDNA .........................20 Blue-Light controlled chloroplast movements in leaves of cereals and in the model plant Brachypodium distachyon20 Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: A model photosynthetic eukaryote in fundamental and applied research......................21 New plant receptors for microbe-associated molecular patterns .....................................................................................22 Arbuscular mycorrhiza and salt tolerance of plants.........................................................................................................22 The tomato glandular trichome– a high capacity bioreactor ...........................................................................................23 Controlling plant diseases by endophytic fungi.................................................................................................................23 The assessment of initial number of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria in some Albanian grape varieties compared other varieties used for wine production......................................................................................................................................24 Heterotrimeric G-protein signalling mechanism and its regulation during nodule formation in soybean ..................25 Elemental and chemical imaging of plant tissue for plant biology and food science......................................................25 Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and tick-borne encephalitis virus in ticks from Kosovo and Albania....................................................................................................................................................26 ii
Table of content Actual situation and future perspectives for sustainable development in the Divjaka national park, Albania...........27 Effect of salinity stress on in vitro propagation of different wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L) .............................27 Assessment of air pollution from the oil extraction industry in Marinza oil field of Fier, Albania...............................28 Assessment of water monitoring system in Albania under the perspective of EU legislation and Austrian practice .28 Preventive treatment for placenta retention in cows ........................................................................................................29 Genetic variants of Kappa casein gene in Busha and Brown Swiss breeds of cattle ......................................................29 Influence of pH in concentration of Persistent Organic Pesticides in agricultural soils ................................................30 Assessment of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Inventory in Albania ...................................................................31 Variation in Nickel accumulation in organs of Alyssum murale from serpentine site of Albania .................................31 Morfo-histological comparative study between two populations of Leucojum ionicum.................................................32 Expression of photosynthetic genes and the Gene Balance Hypothesis...........................................................................32 Significance and evolution of dually targeted proteins to endosymbiotic organelles .....................................................33 Effect of timing and level of leaf removal on vine yield and quality in Shesh i zi, Shesh i bardhe and Kallmet cultivars.................................................................................................................................................................................34 Identification of microRNA in bovine corpus luteumduring early luteal phase by small-RNA-Sequencing...............35 Viral diseases in the most widespread Ballkanik varieties of grapes in Kosovo.............................................................35 Photosynthesis and plant performance ..............................................................................................................................36 Impact of agriculture and urban development on water resources.................................................................................36 The state of environmental quality and soil resources in Albania ...................................................................................37 Populations’ dynamics of carp (C.carpio) and bleak (A.scoranca) in Shkodra Lake. ....................................................38 Methods for exploring calcium signaling in plants............................................................................................................39 Bulgarian contributions to animal welfare ........................................................................................................................39 What can we learn from micro-pixe analysis of buckwheat grain?.................................................................................41 The impact of short-term exposure to hypoxia on Mediterranean crab Carcinus aestuarii ..........................................41 The assesment of allergy in the children ............................................................................................................................42 Some phytoregulators to increase the fertility of the olive flowers ..................................................................................43 iii
Table of content Biodiversity effect in ecotourism.........................................................................................................................................43 Role of Bio-nutrient Herbagreen on qualitative parameters of cereal crops (wheat and corn) ....................................44 Heavy metals assessment in the macrophytes of Viroi Lake ............................................................................................44 Influence of environment on yield structure characteristics and grain yield of peas grown in South-Central Bulgaria ................................................................................................................................................................................................45 Risk assessment of potential and actual soil erosion ot the territory of Albania via System Geographical Information (GIS) and its combination of technology assessment according to Corine Land Cover ................................................45 Comparison of electrochemiluminescence and elisa techniques for toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus diagnosis in pregnant women ...................................................................................................................................................................46 Pollution of potato and cabbage samples in contaminated soils of Kosova.....................................................................46 Fusarium infection degree and agrobiological properties of soft - wheat cultivars .......................................................47 In vitro micropropagation of two potato Solanum tuberosum cultivars ..........................................................................47 Quercetin extracted from onion skin is an effcient green inhibitor against the corrosion of metals ............................48 Monitoring of stilbenes (group a-1) on bovine in Kosovo .............................................................................................49 Investigation of bovine brucellosis outbreak in a dairy cattle farm in Lezha, Albania .................................................49 Financial access for future investments in the Albanian agriculture sector ...................................................................50 The statistical analysis of the prevalence of Q fever antibodies in farm animals in Western Macedonia....................51 Effects of temperature on in-vitro produced embryos and larval development of Albanian water frog, Pelophylax shqipericus.............................................................................................................................................................................51 Biodiversity protection and the development of the new Paskuqan park .......................................................................52 Land cover changes evaluation of Tirana region ..............................................................................................................52 ABO gene in a family with inherited mutation causes rare blood subgroup A...............................................................53 Four indigenous tomatoes with genetic and agro-economic values in Northern Albania..............................................53 Anatomical characteristics of Hyacinthus orientalis L. subsp. orientalis (Asparagaceae)..............................................54 The rehabilitation of irrigation system, as a tool for maintaining and improvement of natural equilibrium of surface waters in Divjaka area .........................................................................................................................................................54 Serological survey of Crimean-Congo-Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Kolonje-Erseke, Albania....................................55
iv
Table of content The influence of machining process on wood surface roughness .....................................................................................56 Influence of induced mutation in beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) .........................................................................................56 The role of the laboratory work in biology learning .........................................................................................................57 Evaluation of knowledge on omega-3 and supplementation and food frequency questionnaire in a group of students ................................................................................................................................................................................................57 The Relationship between Calving Interval and Milk Production of Dairy Cows in Slovak Simmental Cattle..........58 Optimizing the thickness of the thermal insulation of buildings roofs in facility for gilts .............................................59 Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in tissues of apple tree delicious with rootstock mm106 grown in contaminated areas ......................................................................................................................................................................................59 Preleminary results on bovine brucellosis survey based on serological tests..................................................................60 Ascariasis in pigs, diagnose and alternative.......................................................................................................................60 Seed seedling relations in two very distinct Aegilops accessions ......................................................................................61 Bee-colonies performance evaluation based on the application of two levels Feedbees’ concentration .......................61 Characterization of human CRB gene product by the use of bioinformatic tools..........................................................62 Presence of microplastic in sea surface Albanian Adriatic...............................................................................................62 Chara tomentosa as bioindicator of heavy metal pollution in Ohrid Lake ......................................................................63 Seasonal comparisons of the state of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages from different rocky areas of the Adriatic Sea in Albania........................................................................................................................................................64 Growth performance of calves born from Holstein Friesian cows sired by Holstein, Charolais, Belgium Blue, Simmental and A. Angus bulls ............................................................................................................................................64 The evaluation of farm's economic effectiveness through the improvement of bookkeeping methods ........................65 Aquatic flora and ichthyofaunal diversity in upstream of the Vardar River .................................................................65 Application of immunohistochemical avidin-biotin complex method (IMHC-ABC) for the identification of Tularemia agent in the tissues of wild hare flesh in FYROM- Macedonia .....................................................................66 Seroprevalence of Bluetongue virus in some municipalities in Kosovo...........................................................................66 Applying the Wischmeier equation to determine the erodibility factor in soils of Albania...........................................67 Primula veris L,.Primulaceae their spread and values in Kosovo ....................................................................................67
v
Table of content Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibilityof genital Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Tirana’s population from 2015 to 2017..............................................................................................................................................68 The cumulative particle size distribution curves for three different textural soils in Albania......................................69 Faunistic study of amphibians and reptiles in Northwestern Albania mountaneous landscape ...................................69 Meiofauna assemblages in intertidal habitats of Vjosa River Delta (Adriatic sea, Albanian Coast)............................70 Impact of calving interval on milk production in lactation, cows Holstein breed ..........................................................70 Variation of phytoplancton biomass as chlorophyll a in the Adriatic Sea Coastal Waters of Albania ........................71 Hydro chemical characterization of various surface water resources available in the Adriatic and Ionian Sea coastal waters of Albania..................................................................................................................................................................72 Morphological characterization of durum wheat (T. durum Desf.) germplasm stored in Albanian genebank ...........72 Raspberry weed flora in the region of Podujevo ...............................................................................................................73 Agro morphological characterization performance of 100 common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions............73 Stabilisation of in vitro rhizogenesis of two apple (Malus domestica L.) cultivars during micropropagation ..............74 The effect of rearing season and feeding on the performance evaluation of a local rabbit population ........................74 The study of some new corn hybrids in the ecological conditions of Lushnja region.....................................................75 The combination capacity study of several ARFA lines by means of tester line method...............................................76 Larval migration and diagnostic value in pigs...................................................................................................................76 Optimization of explants sterilizations intended for In vitro culture of sp. Prunus avium ............................................77 Determination of most appropriate fungicide application time for controlling of Apple scab in the Regionof Gjilan, Kosovo ...................................................................................................................................................................................77 Bioecological characteristics of walnut and the cultivars that are sown in the Dibër district.......................................78 The evaluation of the potential and actual risk of soil erosion in the Bovilla watershed, Tirana .................................79 Comparison of finishing pigs cold yield between the genetic of pure breed of great white (Yorkshire) Pietren and their crossbreds ....................................................................................................................................................................79 The impact of gender and age in diabetes mellitus in dogs...............................................................................................80 Economic impact of Bluetongue outbreak in cattle during 2014 in Dibra district, Albania..........................................80 Feed additives (enzymes), as a way for improving performance parameters of gilt and weaned piglets .....................81 vi
Table of content Urolithiasis in dogs...............................................................................................................................................................81 Impact of malt protein parameters on brewing process optimization.............................................................................82 The Application of probiotics strains and amino acids supplement in Broiler Chickens in Albanian chicken farms ................................................................................................................................................................................................83 Pharmaceuticals probiotics use in diseases prevention and treatment in Albanian farm aquaculture........................84 Study of pressing temperature in membrane presses .......................................................................................................85 Allelic frequencies of MFW7 microsatellite loccus in carp (Cyprinus carpio) of two fish farming centers ..................85 Flora and vegetation of south west part of Vlora Bay, Albania .......................................................................................86 The behavior of some peach and nectarine cultivars to to leaf curl Taphrina deformans (BERK.) Tul, Albania .......86 Floristic reviews and habitats of community interest in the coastal area Vilun – Rana e Hedhur ...............................87 Ultrasound findings of hepatic lipidosis in cows with high milk production ..................................................................87 Radiologycal and ultrasonographycal diagonosis of pregnancy in sheep .......................................................................88 The results of the third year of basil subspecies study (Ocimum basilicum L.) for the production of dry mass by plant organs and the total yield...........................................................................................................................................89 Toxoplasmosis under coproscopic diagnosis in cats..........................................................................................................89 Flora and its values in the massif of Sharr Mountain –Macedonia .................................................................................90 The role of transactional, transformational and participative leadership in performance of SME’s in Albania........90 Population dynamic of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) ................................91 The influence of layers’ feed supplementation with organic Se on the eggs’ quality and Selenium’s content in the egg ................................................................................................................................................................................................92 The status of insect pests in stone fruit trees in Albania ...................................................................................................92 Histomorphological alterations in selected immune organs in broiler chickens exposed orally to deoxynivalenol and lipopolysaccharide................................................................................................................................................................93 Changes of hematobiochemical parametres in patients with cancer and determination of CEA, CA125, CA15.3 after the first and second cycle of chemotherapy .......................................................................................................................94 Analysis of variability in qualitative traits of (Lathyrus sativum) accessions in Albanian genebank............................95 Heavy metal contamination and distribution in Elbasan, Albania, determined by X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry .........................................................................................................................................................................95 vii
Table of content Pathological changes in liver morphology of Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) from Seferani Lake in Dumrea region.....................................................................................................................................................................................97 Effects of stressors on hematological and immunological response in the fresh water crucian carp fish, Carassius carassius ................................................................................................................................................................................97 Hyperaccumulators and accumulators of heavy metals in Serpentine sites of Kosovo..................................................98 The impact of urban landfill flows in water surface in some regions of Kosovo ............................................................98 Index....................................................................................................................................................................................100
viii
Oral presentation
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Local and systemic signaling in plant/microbe interaction mediated by a novel chemical mediator RALF OELMÜLLER Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany E-mail:
[email protected]
Plants are exposed to numerous threats. They are perceived by microbe- / damage-associated molecular patterns or other chemical mediators which initiate appropriate local and systemic responses in the stress-exposed plant. We identified a novel chemical mediator which induces rapid cytoplasmic calcium elevation in roots and shoots. Downstream of calcium elevation in the roots, the production of reactive oxygen species as well as the activation of defense responses can be detected locally in roots as well as systemically in leaves. Mutant analyses in Arabidopsis demonstrate that calcium elevation is necessary for the downstream responses. I will discuss the role of the chemical mediator for plant performance in different environments and compare the compound with known pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Keywords: Chemical mediator, calcium elevation, Arabidopsis mutant, local and systemic responses
Duckweed (Lemnaceae) – Biodiversity and multiple applications K. SOWJANYA SREE1, KLAUS-J. APPENROTH 2* 1 Central University of Kerala, Department of Environmental Science, RSTC, Padanakkad, India; 2University of Jena, Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Jena, Germany E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
The plant family Lemnaceae is represented by 37 species within five genera. Classification on the basis of morphology was supplemented in the last few years by molecular taxonomy. Some of the species are specialized to specific environmental conditions and can be found in restricted areas, whereas other species are present almost all over the world demonstrating high physiological plasticity. This high degree of diversity can be employed for practical applications: (1) Some of the duckweed clones represent the fastest growing Angiosperms, which is useful for biomass production. (2) Many duckweed clones are adapted to meso- or eutrophic water and can be used for wastewater remediation. (3) Inhibition of plant growth results in accumulation of photosynthetic products that are stored as starch, which is one of the starting materials for production of bio-ethanol or bio-butanol. (4) Under optimal growth conditions, duckweeds accumulate high amounts of proteins. The amino acid composition is very close to the FAO recommendation. Therefore, duckweed biomass can be used as animal feed or even as a component of human nutrition. This recommendation is supported by their excellent spectrum of fatty acids as well as high concentrations of phytosterols and antioxidants. The mineral composition of these aquatic plants depends on the nutrient medium used and can be manipulated according to the requirements. Keywords: Duckweed, barcoding, biodiversity, wastewater remediation, human nutrition, bio-fuel
Abstract book
Page 1
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Wolffia microscopica: Response to environmental signals K. SOWJANYA SREE1*, KLAUS-J. APPENROTH 2 1 Central University of Kerala, Department of Environmental Science, RSTC, Padanakkad, India; 2University of Jena, Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Jena, Germany E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
Wolffia microscopica is one of the 37 species of duckweeds belonging to the family Lemnaceae. It is endemic to the Indian subcontinent with reports from India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. In our field study, during the course of rediscovery of this aquatic species, it was observed that this species inhabits monsoon-fed lakes, ponds and ditches and that it shows dimorphism under certain environmental conditions with a transition from pseudoroot form to flat form. We have identified these environmental signals, under laboratory conditions, as high temperature and nutrient deprivation. It has also been noted that the growth rates of W. microscopica vary appreciably with varying temperatures. Unlike other duckweeds, the nutrient medium used for cultivation of this plant species also plays a significant role in influencing its growth rate. Moreover, in contrast to most other duckweed species, W. microscopica flowers very frequently. Keywords: Wolffia microscopica, duckweed, temperature, nutrient deprivation, environmental signal, Lemnaceae
A single primary endosymbiotic event led to the kingdom „Plantae“ WOLFGANG LÖFFELHARDT Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Vienna, Austria E-mail:
[email protected]
Photosynthetic energy conversion in plants and algae forms the basis for almost all life on earth. Oxygenic photosynthesis most likely evolved in ancestral cyanobacteria around 2.7–3.5 billion years ago. More than 1.5 billion years ago, engulfment of a cyanobacterium by a eukaryotic host cell gave rise to chloroplasts and thereby photoautotrophic eukaryotes. During this primary endosymbiosis, the major part of the cyanobacterial genome was transferred to the host nucleus, generating the need for protein import to maintain organelle structure and function. Early on, the photosynthetic eukaryotes split into several lineages, giving rise to the Archaeplastida: Glaucophytes, Chloroplastida, and Rhodophytes. In both the “green” and the “red” lineage, further endosymbiotic events gave rise to secondary or even tertiary plastids leading to greatly enhanced biodiversity among algae that significantly contribute to global CO2 fixation. Glaucophyteplastids contain a remnant peptidoglycan wall in their envelope and were named “cyanelles”, which was later changed to “muroplasts” when their shared ancestry with other Archaeplastida was recognized. The model glaucophyte, Cyanophora paradoxa, is well studied with respect to biochemistry, proteomics, and the gene content of the nuclear and organelle genomes. The photosynthetic apparatus, including phycobilisome antennae closely Abstract book
Page 2
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
resembles that of cyanobacteria. Studies on protein import into muroplasts revealed a primordial Toc/Tic translocon. The muroplast genome is distinct through the presence of unique genes but also shares gene clusters diagnostic for plastid evolution with chloroplasts and rhodoplasts.At the present state of knowledge, a single primary endosymbiotic event is assumed which is also corroborated by phylogenomics. Keywords: Archaeplastida; Cyanophora paradoxa, muroplasts, eukaryotic peptidoglycan, single primary endosymbiotic event, phylogenomics
The wound-induced vascular exudation process of Cucurbitaceae MATTHIAS R. ZIMMERMANN Institute of Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Dornburger Strasse 159, 07743 Jena, Germany E-mail:
[email protected]
The vascular system of higher plants is a dynamic, interacting, two-component and hydraulic high-pressure system that pervades the whole plant organism. It consists of two different tissue types – xylem and phloem and their complex interaction realizes the long-distance transport of mainly water, minerals, amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, small RNAs and phytohormones. The reliable distribution of all these compounds ensures the functioning of growth, development, defence and long distance signalling. The Knowledge about the composition of the translocated phloem and xylem sap would substantially help to understand the functioning of plant’s physiology. Because of the fact that the vascular system is deeply embedded into the plant tissue and the cellular scale of the phloem and xylem tubes, it is a challenge to obtain their content. One solution is the wound-induced vascular exudation process of Cucurbitaceae. Wounding of a cucurbit plant provokes the controlled loss of sieve-tube content and represents an immediate defence response against a structural damage due to the release of a toxin like cucurbitacine and the rapid wound occlusion by the phloem proteins 1 and 2 (PP1/2). The explosive outflow of the sieve-element content is reasoned by an osmotic driven water influx from the xylem into the sieve elements. In contrast, xylem exudation results from the root pressure and is a continuous process. Because of the fact that copious amounts in the range of several µl of phloem and xylem exudates can be easily collected cucurbits are suitable objects for plant vascular research.
Sporamin –an unique trypsin inhibitory protein with multiple biological function to defense against insect attack in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) SHI-PENG CHEN1, HSUEH-HAN LU1, AXEL MITHÖFER2 AND KAI-WUN YEH1* 1 Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; 2Chemical biology department, Max Planck Institute, Jena, Germany *E-mail:
[email protected]
Sporamin was originally found as a tuberous storage protein in sweet potato. Later it was identified as trypsin inhibitory protein. Owing to the strong basic inhibitory activity, it had been employed for overexpression in various vegetables, such as brassica and tobacco, for controlling insect pests. The efficiency against insect damage and nematode infection was demonstrated by several research groups. Recently, much attention is concentrated on its gene expression and regulatory mechanism. Thus far, it is well known that sporamin is constitutively expressed in tuberous root, and very less or not in leaf tissues. However, once inflicted or Abstract book
Page 3
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
damaged by insect or physical stresses, sporamin is systemically induced. The wounding-induced expression is an elegant regulatory mechanism to protect sweet potato growth. Further studies revealed that wounding signals are triggered through MAPK pathway by activating bHLH3 (activator) and bHLH4 (repressor), both antagonize to regulate NAC1 activation. NAC1 protein acts as transcriptional activator to reprogram a complicated genetic network. In addition to activating sporamin expression, NAC1 also functions in JA-mediated responses to resist herbivory; however, the excessive functions of NAC1 lead to negative effect on physiology by JAhypersensitive responses, including leaf senescence, root inhibition, and ROS production. This indicates that wounding defense is a dilemma, which needs to be fine tuned by the genetic network. Moreover, wounding– induced volatile compounds are further discovered being involved in the sporamin induction in wounding defense. The overview of plant defense physiology will be introduced in the present work. 1. Senthilkumar R. and Yeh KW (2012) Biotechnology Advance 30:1309-1317. 2. Chen SP et al. (2016) Plant Journal 86:234-248. 3. Chen SP et al. (2016) PLoS Genetics 12:1-26.
Treatment of wastewater in the Bylmeti factory ALUSH MUSAJ1, DAFINA LLUGAXHIU 2 1 Faculty of Food Technology, University of Mitrovica “Isa Boletini”, Republic of Kosovo; 2Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
Bylmeti is a modern factory for the production of milk and its products. The main idea of this project has been starting with the treatment of wastewater in this factory. Based on the initial analysis that was done there, we have identified whey as the main problem of pollution. Because of high capacity needs and high costs for treatment of the whey, Bylmeti decided to change the whey’s flow - not discharged in the same direction with wastewater. Bylmeti uses SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) system. This system fills and draws activated sludge for the treatment of water. The water treated was done to remove undesirable components, and then discharged. The parameters which are measured for this treatment are physical and chemical parameters. The oxygen values are measured by the oxygen meter. Temperature and pH are measured by the thermometer and pH meter, respectively. Biochemical demanded oxygen and chemical demanded oxygen are very important parameters for measurement. BOD analysis is done by the Manometric method or Oxitop instrument. COD analysis is done by the method 8000 based on DR 2800 Spectrophotometer procedure. Other chemical parameters are measured by DR 2800 Spectrophotometer procedures manual as well. Total suspended solids and volatile suspended solids are done by ESS method. Based on all results for all those parameters we can see the effect of treatment of wastewater in the aeration system. We have arrived to bring the values of those parameters within allowed borders. Keywords: Influent, effluent, BOD, COD, TSS, SVI
Abstract book
Page 4
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Effects of nitrates and chilli peppers on stability of meat products RIFAT MORINA, BAHTIR HYSENI, ALUSH MUSAJ* Faculty of Food Technology, University of Mitrovica “Isa Boletini”, Mitrovice, PIM Trepca 40000 Mitrovica, Kosovo E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
The oxidation of lipids is a fundamental reaction in food chemistry, and oxidation of lipids has several consequences for food quality. The most important factor of shelf life of meat is its oxidative stability. Lipid oxidation not only produces unpleasant flavours and looses of its native colour, but also decreases the nutritional quality. Nitrates are added to the meat products, like bacon, salami or sausage for colouring them and extending shelf live. The chilli pepper is added to make it spicy and works as an antioxidant to prevent lipid oxidation. The oxidation of meat products is a chemical oxidation of fat promoted by oxygen, light, high temperature, metal traces. We measured the oxidation with Oxitest reactor, by accelerating two factors, increasing the temperature up to 90 degree and oxygen pressure up to 6 Bar. The instrument measures the absolute pressure change inside the chambers, and monitoring the oxygen uptake and automatically generates an IP value. Aim of the study is to measure the oxidative stability of salami and others products of meat. Results obtained from oxitest shows that the nitrates and chilli peppers effects the oxidation stability of meat products, compared to raw material which has low oxidation stability. Keywords: Meat, salami, nitrates, chilli pepers, oxitest
Detailed survey on agriculture land pollution in Kosovo VALDET GJINOVCI 1*, ALUSH MUSAJ 1, KUJTIM UKA 2, FESTIM REXHEPI 2 1 University of Mitrovica, Faculty of Food Technology, Mitrovica, Republic of Kosovo; 2Food and Veterinary Agency, Public Health Directorate, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo E-mail:
[email protected]*;
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
Kosovo is facing serious environmental issues. There are initiatives to improve the situation but the main concerns are from (i) industrial emissions and immissions into soil, air, surface and groundwater, (ii) the discharge of untreated waste water and sewage into the rivers and streams. During the ex-Yugoslavia era, the expansion of heavy metal industries in Kosovo was a major focus for economic development. It was not common to take environmental aspects into consideration because it seemed incompatible with economic output. Ore mining concentrated upon chromium, nickel, copper, lead and zinc. Over the past two decades economic activity has continued with these extraction industries for the production of raw materials and semifinished products (e.g. lead, coal, zinc and some textiles). The energy sector is also a source of pollution in Kosovo mainly impacting the air with CO2, SO2 and dust and especially for the neighbouring areas of Obiliq where the greater part of the electricity is generated from lignite-powered thermal plants. However, the environmental impacts from the current level of agricultural activity are considered low. Keywords: Organo-pollutant parameters, heavy metals, screening analyses, soil pollutants
Abstract book
Page 5
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Evaluation of the presence of Staphylococcus aureus coagulase-positive in food products VALDET GJINOVCI 1*, ALUSH MUSAJ 1, FILLOJETË RRUSTEMAJ 2 1 University of Mitrovica, Faculty of Food Technology, Mitrovica, Republic of Kosovo; 2Food and Veterinary Agency, Public Health Directorat, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo E-mail:
[email protected]*;
[email protected]; fillojetë
[email protected]
The presence of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-positive as a pathogen present in food products and the cause of intoxication from food is an important issue. Samples submitted for this work were collected over a period of one year, from food business operators in Kosovo. During this period, 178 samples were collected, which were analyzed from a microbiological aspect for the presence and count of the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Samples were taken by inspectors of the Food and Veterinary Agency and analyzed at the Food and Veterinary Laboratory using the horizontal method of counting coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus - ISO 6888-1: 1999. The final result shows that 5 samples of 178 or 2.8%, have a positive result. From samples of milk and milk products, 3 were positive, while from samples of meat and meat products 2 proved to be positive. Samples of other food products were all negative. The presence of coagulase-positive S. aureus in food products is an indicator of poor hygiene during treatment or processing of food products, and being recognized as strong toxin producing bacteria in food products, it can be a cause of disease incidents caused by food. Keywords: Food poisoning, toxin, microbiological criteria, contamination, pathogenic microorganism
About green practices for Albania ALFRED MULLAJ 1*, PETRIT HODA 1, LULEZIM SHUKA 2, ALEKO MIHO
2*
, FERDINAND BEGO 2, MIHALLAQ
QIRJO2 1 Research Center of Flora and Fauna, FNS, UT; 2Department of Biology, FNS, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania E-mail: *
[email protected];
[email protected]
Forestry, landscape and urban ecology, proper land use, green architecture, green management practices, etc. are fundamental topics nowadays both in education and in the practice of restoration. Albania is unique in the Western Balkan region with two major Moratoria in vigor, one on forests and the other on hunting. Both are closely related for decreased animal populations that is caused by the poor state of habitats (in forests and shrubs, meadows and pastures, in agriculture and urban areas). The change comes not only with strict measures against woodcutting, but also with a different vision of the whole society, experts and decision-makers about green restoration of natural and urban habitats, about forestry as art and science, about best management practices (green BMPs). Based on our experience, we are presenting here examples of green practices for Albania, aiming at the restoration of native vegetation (Mediterranean deciduous and ever green forests and shrubs, thermophilic broadleaved forests, Mediterranean mesophyllic mountainous forests and conifers, mountainous pastures, dry and semi-dry stony pastures, plane trees, Mediterranean fluvial-riparian forest belt, etc.). Green practices are briefly identified in various habitats (forest and bushy areas of hilly zones, rocky slopes along roads, wind green belts, gardens and urban parks). Hence, native plant species, endemic, rare and with ornamental values will be mentioned, concluding with considerations for the greening of Tirana city. We strongly recommend the advanced breeding technologies to be used as the proper tool to produce healthy Abstract book
Page 6
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
seedlings of autochthon trees and other plants with special characteristics adapted to local ecological conditions of the country. In addition, our society and the environment can benefit from plant biotechnology, meeting the demand for restoration of forests and shrubs, combat erosion, healthy and productive medicinal and aromatic plants, ornamental plants, meadows and garden products, protect the native plant and animal species from invasive pests, etc. Keywords: Green Albania, moratoria (hunting & forests), green practices, landscape ecology, urban ecology
HPPs development within Vjosa catchment (Southern Albania) vs. conservation of wildlife and natural habitats (Bern Convention) ALEKO MIHO1*, ANILA PAPARISTO1, FERDINAND BEGO1, LEFTER KASHTA2, LULEZIM SHUKA1, SAJMIR BEQIRAJ1, SPASE SHUMKA3, TAULANT BINO 4, OLSI NIKA5 1 Department of Biology, FNS, University of Tirana, Albania; 2Research Center of Flora and Fauna, FNS, UT, Tirana, Albania; 3 Department of Natural Sciences, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania; 4Faculty of Urban Planning and Environmental Management, Polis University, Tirana, Albania; 5EcoAlbania, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Along its entire course of over 270 kilometers the River Vjosa is untamed, free flowing and characterized by a high variety of hydro-morphological and biodiversity features. There are about 33 small and big hydropower plants under or planned for construction in Vjosa catchment. The most influential are the HPPs to be constructed in Poçemi and Kalivaçi, as they consist on large dam construction, deviation tunnels and channels. Their impact on the wildlife and natural habitats of conservation interest (Bern Convention) will be discussed here. Out of all these known aspects of biodiversity, about 150 species belong to the Appendices of the Bern Convention, with 3 species of vascular plants, 9 insects, 5 amphibians and reptiles, 107 birds and 17 mammals. Within Vjosa catchment occur ideal aquatic habitats for hosting various migratory fish species, some of them critically endangered, while 15 bird species are globally threatened. Most of the species belong either to the Albanian Red List (2013), or to IUCN endangered species. Therefore, Vjosa catchment – in its state of little anthropogenic impact – may serve as a large scale natural refuge and laboratory in the nature of pan-European significance. Current plans for the construction of hydropower dams in Vjosa require detailed assessments of hydrologic, sedimentologic and ecologic structure and dynamics, which could also enable the development of alternative low-impact concepts. This would require an interdisciplinary assessment of the hydrologic, geomorphologic and ecologic status quo and the impacts of any major construction projects. A modern approach of integrated management of river corridors must follow the European Water Framework Directive, EU Natura 2000, EU Birds and Habitats, and EU Flood Risk Directive. Keywords: Albanian rivers, Vjosa catchment, HPPs development, Bern Convection, endangered species and habitats
Abstract book
Page 7
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
HPPs development in Albanian Alps vs. biodiversity and habitat integrity – Valbona National Park case ABDULLAH DIKU1, ANILA PAPARISTO2, ALEKO MIHO2*, CATHERINE BOHNE3, ERMELINDA MAHMUTAJ4, FERDINAND BEGO2, LULEZIM SHUKA2, OLSI NIKA5, PETRIT HODA4, SPASE SHUMKA6 1 Organization PSEDA-ILIRIA, Tirana, Albania; 2Department of Biology, FNS, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania; 3Manager at Journey to Valbona, Albania; 4Research Center of Flora and Fauna, FNS, UT, Tirana, Albania; 5EcoAlbania, Tirana, Albania; 6 Department of Natural Sciences, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
14 Hydro Power Plants (HPPs) are contracted for construction within the planned National Park of Albanian Alps, 8 of which are wholly within existing Valbona Valley NP (1996), the other 6 of which are downstream just outside park boundaries but having ecological effect upstream. These constructions are “run-of-river” projects, re-routing at least 80% of the river through 3 m-wide pipelines of 3 km length for the entire 25 km of the free-flowing length of the river and harvesting tributaries, decreasing the integrity of the whole area, either separately or in synergy, and changing biodiversity and other natural values. Although little-studied to date, we will discuss about the eventual impact in rare and endangered plants and animals (fishes, amphibians and reptiles, birds and mammals), as well as rare and endangered habitats. Most of the reported species belong to the Albanian Red List (2013), and/or IUCN endangered species. We will also discuss about the related Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) submitted by the developers in Valbona case that seem to be superficial and inaccurate, failing to consider the nature conservation objectives in protected areas. Protected areas (PA) are designated as such for their high integrity, their wilderness, high biodiversity and rare habitats, quite sensitive to the unfriendly human interventions. The designation and proper management of PAs represent a constitutional obligation, fulfilling also the requirements of many laws and regulations that guarantee the protection of nature and biodiversity, in accordance with many international conventions and standards, as specifically repeated in several EU Accession Reports for Albania (April 2015, April 2016, November 2016 and February 2017). Keywords: Albanian Alps, Valbona valley, HPPs development, professional EIAs, endangered biodiversity
Phalaenopsis flowering locus VE regulates floral organ maturation KAH WEE KOH1, HO-KU CHEN1,CHIA-YEN CHANG1, CHOUN-SEA LIN2, AND MING-TSAIR CHAN1, 2,* 1 Academia Sinica Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Tainan 741, Taiwan; 2Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan E-mail:
[email protected]
Phalaenopsis aphrodite subsp. formosana, a native orchid species of Taiwan, is an economically important ornamental crop which requires low ambient temperature for floral transition. Genetic manipulation for specific or improved floral traits or controllable flowering time independent of temperature regulation, are hampered by the limited genetic information available for such orchid species. In this study, we elucidated the functional role of a Phalaenopsis flowering locus VE (PaFVE) gene, a flowering gene homolog of AtFVE of Arabidopsis. The full-length gene sequence of PaFVE was determined, and its role in regulating flowering time was analyzed. Based on spatial and temporal expression studies, mRNAtranscripts of PaFVE were low ambient temperatureinducible, and high expression occurred after spiking initiation and remained high throughout the early stage of Abstract book
Page 8
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
floral development. When endogenous PaFVE expression was silenced using a virus-induced gene silencing system, floral organ development was impeded, but flowering time and floral organogenesis was not compromised. Analysis of the downstream flowering genes suggested that this delay in floral maturation is associated with a corresponding decrease in the expression of downstream flowering genes, PaSOC1, PaSOC1L and PaAGL24. The ectopic expression of PaFVE in Arabidopsis resulted in an accelerated flowering time, accompanied by the increased in the expression of flowering genes, AtSOC1 and AtAP1, hence revealing the functional role of PaFVE as a floral regulator. Overall, our results demonstrate that PaFVE has evolutionarily diverged and conserved functions, serving as a regulator of floral organ maturationin Phalaenopsis and a regulator of flowering time in Arabidopsis, respectively.
Defining of standards and breeding goals of domestic mountain horse BUNEVSKI GJ.1*, SALTAMARSKI Z.1, NIKITOVIC J. 2, FEJZULAHI LJ. 3, NIKOLOVSKA N. 4, TRAJKOVSKI BOGE 5 1 Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of agricultural sciences and food, Skopje; 2Faculty of agriculture, Banja Luka, BiH; 3Public Enterprise for pastures management, Skopje, R. of Macedonia; 4Institute of Animal Sciences, Skopje, R. of Macedonia, 5Farmer of horses, v. Novo Selo, Skopje, R. of Macedonia * E-mail:
[email protected]
Domestic mountain horse is a transpoundary breed present in many Balkan countries. According to the Low of Animal Production of Republic of Macedonia from 2008, for every breed of domestic animal in our state is nessesery to create a separate breeding program. In 2013 in low of animal production the autohtonous breeds of equidaes are added two new varietes - domestic mountain horse and domestic donkey. Facing the obtained results from estimating the main morphological, reproductive and functional traits in 220 domestic mountain horses in central mountain part of Macedonia during 2015 and 2016, the current standards and breeding goals were defined for the next national breeding program of this breed. According to the fact that the domestic mountain horse is a metapopulation and transboundary breed of horse in almost all Balkan countries, it is a good recommendation to create a regional breeding program with flexible standards and breeding goals for this breed of horses for all Balkan countries together. Keywords: Horse, selection, domestic mountain breed, breeding goals
Production and technological characteristics of table grape Muscat Italija clones SAMI KRYEZIU, KRUM BOSKOV, ZLATKO PRCULOVSKI University of Skopje Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Skopje E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
During the period 2015 to 2016, we investigated some agro-biological and technological characteristics for three Muscat Italija clones selections, including VCR 10, cl. 307 cl. 307. The certificated seedling material was introduced from Raushedo VCR from Italy and was compared to the standard material Muscat Italija table grape. This study was carried out in the location of Terstenik of Tikvesh vineyard region, Republic of Macedonia. Technological characteristics were examined: mechanical composition of the bunch of grape and barriers, mechanical properties of the bunch of grape and barriers (transportability and reaction strength), Abstract book
Page 9
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
chemical composition of grapes and organoleptic evaluation, using the standard ampelographic methods of OIV. The analyses were done at the Faculty of Agriculture Sciences and Food, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, in Skopje and at the laboratory of Stone castle Rahovec in Kosovo. From the investigations we could conclude that there are some significant differences between clones and standard. Keywords: Variety Muscat Italija, clones VCR 10, cl. 307 cl. 307, technological characteristics
Structure and technological characteristics of some clones of table grape Kardinal SAMI KRYEZIU1, KRUM BOSKOV1, ZLATKO PRCULOVSKI1 1 University of Skopje Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Agriculture and Food, Skopje E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
During the period 2015-2016, we investigated some agro-biological and technological characteristics for two Kardinal table grape clones selections, including VCR 26, cl 80. The certificated seedlings material was introduced from Raushedo VCR from Italy and was compared to standard material Muscat Italija table grape. The probes were held in the location Terstenik of Tikvesh vineyard region, in Republic of Macedonia. Technological characteristics were examined such as mechanical composition of the bunch of grape and barriers (transportability and reaction strength), chemical composition of grapes and organoleptic evaluation. The standard ampelographic method used was OIV. Probes were analyzed at the Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Food, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, in Skopje and at the laboratory of Stone Castle Rahovec in Kosovo. We found significant differences between clones and standard. Keywords: Variety Kardinal, clones VCR 26, Cl 80, technological characteristics
Anatomical and ecological characteristics of Allium decipiens SÜLEYMAN DOĞU 1, MUHİTTİN DİNÇ 1, TURAN AKDAĞ 2 1 Department of Biology, Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey; 2Department of Animal and Plants Production, Seydişehir Vocational School, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
In the study, Allium decipiens Fisch. Ex Schult. & Schult. F. subsp decipiens which is a member of Allium L. Sect. Melanocrommium Webb & Berth, anatomical and ecological characteristics have been revealed. The scap and leaf anatomy is described by studying the scap, leaf cross sections and the lower and upper surface sections of the leaf. The results show that the leaves are amphistomatic with anomocytic stomata. Leaf type is unifasial. Differentiation is not observed in the mesophyll. In the scape, the cortex is multi layered and the vascular bundles are located in two rows. Crystals in the leaves and scapes were determined using a light microscope. Keywords: Allium, anatomy, Turkey
Abstract book
Page 10
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Comparison of essential oil of fresh and dried plant of steno-endemic Salvia adenocaulon P.H. Davis in Turkey SÜLEYMAN DOĞU1, YAVUZ BAĞCI 2 1 Department of Biology, Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey; 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University, 42075 Konya, Turkey E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
In this study, essential oil compositions of the dried and fresh aerial parts of Salvia adenocaulon P.H. Davis, collecting from enviroment was investigated. Essential oil was distilled by using Clevenger type apparatus for 3 h and the compositions was detected in GC-MS. Although the oil yields were in amount trace, there were 23 of essential oil components were determined in the dried and fresh aerial parts of the plant. In this study, it was observed that the essential oil compositions varied with respect to be fresh or dry of the plant parts. The LSD test results clearly showed that the highest essential oil content was caryophyllene both in fresh and dried aerial part of the plant, but, as amounts, it was observed some changes (50.07% in fresh, 47.96% in dried parts). Moreover, some essential oil components were not found in the fresh aerial parts, while it was determined in dried parts of the plant. Furthermore, some components were observed in the fresh aerial parts, while it was not found in dried parts of the plant. The aim of the study was that the determination of the differences between the essential oil compounds and compositions varied according to be the plant fresh or dry. Keywords: Essential oil, fresh parts, dried parts, Salvia adenocaulon
IBA for rooting influence of some varieties of pomegranate (Punica granatum) TATJANA KOKAJ, ADRIATIK ÇAKALLI, HAIRI ISMAILI Institute of Plant Genetic Resource, Agriculture University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
Pomegranate (Punica granatum) belongs to the family Punicaceae and is widespread in Albania. This research intended to discover the effect of AIB (indole acid buturik), for development of meristems, rooting of three main forms pomegranate, Shg: cv 11/1; 13/1 Shg, Shg 14/1. The method was applied to the plant material obtained from the wood scion bare pieces in situ in Lezha, Shkodra and Tepelene in late January - early February time. The pieces scions had a 10-12 cm dimension and eventually they settled in two variant: (i) no treatment control, (ii) 2 hours 1000 ppm IBA treatment, about 1.5 cm at the base of the pieces. The pieces were left to dry by the alcohol vapors and then were planted in warm bank with perlite substrate. The hygroscopic watering was done once for every day with 1 minute. Results demonstrated that pieces scions rooting were visiable after 90 days and a difference was observed between forms and two variants (Cv = 21.3). In general, three forms showed a higher percentage of rooting (about 90%) compared tot he control (about 70%). The percentage of indigenization was in the differenet varieties in correlation (r = 0.82 and r = 0.89 in the presence of IBA). Keywords: Screenhouse, Punica granatum, sample, plot, perlit
Abstract book
Page 11
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Monitoring of microbiological parameters on the Coast of Durres, Albania AURORA BAKAJ (ÇIZMJA)1*, ENTELA RUÇI (KULLA)2, JONIDA KALAJA2 1* Biology Department, University Ismail Qemali, Vlore, Albania; 2Regional Department of Public Health, Durrës, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
The microbial water quality of coastal beaches located in Durres, was monitored from January to December 2014 - 2015. Water samples were taken from 18 stations eventually distributed on this coast line. Fecal coliform and E. coli were estimated using standard Coliform MPN test. Fecal coliform was determined by fermentation test on lactose broth for preliminary test, and on brilliant green bile confirmatory test. E. coli and fecal coliform counts, showed a seasonal dependence, with highest values in summer and autumn suggesting a negative relationship with rainfall and a positive relationship with temperature. This could be due to the high number of people visiting the beaches in the coast line during summer time. Out of the 18 stations monitored only three showed the poorest water quality so, the highest level of coliform and E. coli. The poorest water quality is especially in the urban discharged points and in the areas close to them. Keywords: E. coli, fecal coliforms, monitoring, microbial indicators, water quality
Lumpy skin disease outbreak in Rrapëz, Albania ESA KARALLIU 1, ROMEO BOÇI 1, VLADIMIR HATIA 2, VASIL PRIFTI 3, RUZHDI KEÇI 3, BESMIRA MANAJ1, XHELIL KOLECI 3 1 Junior expert PAZA II; 2Private Veterinarian Practitioner, Lushnje; 3Official Veterinarian, Agricultural Directory Lushnje; 4Veterinary Public Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
A highly severe outbreak of Lumpy Skin Disease occurred in cattlein Albania during second half of 2016. Affected cattleshowed typical clinical signs and many farms have had significant economic losses. The aim of this study was to describe clinical and epidemiological features of lumpy skin outbreak.In addition, we analyzed economic impact and role of different measurements to control the disease.We investigated the outbreak in entirely cattle population by closely monitoring the clinical signs and post vaccination reactions in animals. Furthermore, we interviewed the farmers to estimate the economic impacts and biosecurity measures applied. Our results demonstrate that Lumpy skin disease affected most of the farms in the village, and approximately 27% of cattle population showed clinical signs, case fatality was 5%. Supportive treatment was used extensively and it resulted successful even in extreme cases. The milk yield production was highly affected at a range from totally up to 20%. Interestingly, almost 10% of affected animals aborted. Few animals suffered from “bad” mastitis. Vaccination strategy was used in two different times, August and Novemeberand modified live vaccines produced from different manufactures. The post vaccination reactions were closely monitored and a significant difference between different vaccines was found. Massive vaccination provided sufficient protective herd immunity. Keywords: Disease outbreak, lumpy skin disease, vaccination
Abstract book
Page 12
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Landraces in Albanian Alps area: perspectives for on farm conservation and production for quality and local markets SOKRAT JANI1*, LIRI MIHO2, and ADRIATIK ÇAKALLI1 1 Plant Genetic Resources Institute (PGRI), Agricultural University of Tirana (AUT), Albania; 2Department of Agro-Environment and Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, AUT, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
A collecting expedition has been carried out in the Albanian Alps area, North Albania. Five communes and 54 villages were visited, with a total of 193 farms. The criteria for farm selecting were the area presentation with regard to geographical stratification (in terms of their vertical alignment) and that those farms that may have potential tourist value, the representation of different levels of farm size, average age and education level of farmers, as well as socio-economic level of them. In 128 sites crop species germplasm was collected and the farmer maintainers were interviewed. Altogether 27 accessions were collected; the most common species were Zea mays, Phaseolus vulgaris and Lycopersicon esculentum. A significant number of landraces are still preserved on farm, mostly in isolated farm houses (average age of farmers: over 60 years) adopting traditional farming systems but a number of younger farmers were also present. Perspectives for on farm conservation and management are discussed and public economic support for “farmer – maintainers” proposed. Identification and use of the most appropriate indigenous varieties will help to consolidate quality markets, meeting the demands of consumers, and providing a profitable alternative for farmers in smallholder farming systems. Keywords: Germplasm, home gardens, farmer maintainer
Efficiency of sawing coniferous trees in the Mitrovica region MUHARREM SEJDIU1*, PANDELI MARKU1, BUJAR JASHARI2, RRAHIM SEJDIU2 1 Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania; 2University of Applied Sciences, Ferizaj, Kosovo E-mail:
[email protected]
Mitrovica is known as the region in which the first saws of timber were set. Today this region supplies a very large part of Kosovo with sawn timber (coniferous). The trunks of coniferous species in this region are pine, fir and spruce which mainly are imported from Montenegro. In this study, we discuss our data for sawing trunks and production efficiency of sawn timber, as well as field losses or form of waste, wood residue and sawdust. To conduct the study, a number of conifers were taken, and then were further sawn and measured to determine the efficiency of sawing trunks. The amount of sawn trunks was 23.071 m 3, Boards 16.268 m 3, Wood residue 3.941 m 3, Sawdust 2.548 m 3, others 0.313 m 3. Using sawing trunks, an amount of 70.52% boards, 17.08% wood residue, 11.04% sawdust, and 1.36% others were produced. If this study would have been conducted with better technical measurements such as performing division of trunks according to diameters and calculation of models by maximum sawing for each trunk diameter, the awing trunks efficiency would be also higher. Keywords: trunks, sawn timber, wood residue, sawdust, conifer
Abstract book
Page 13
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Livestock traceability system and sustainability issues in Albania LEDI PITE* BRISILDA PULLUMBI Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Water Administration, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Livestock traceability is important to increase efficiency of disease surveillance and control. The livestock traceability system is a thorough system of livestock identification and tagging to assure the ability to trace the animal back to the farm of origin. Albania has embarked and is applying the livestock identification and registration, i.e. livestock traceability system, initially under the European Union (EU) projects in the context of the European Union enlargement. While there is a good opportunity to cover the initial investment and implementation by European Union assistance, it is important for Albania to foresee the sustainability of the livestock traceability system in a long run. Livestock traceability is becoming more sophisticated and it is important to understand the sustainability aspects. Sustainable livestock traceability system needs to balance economic efficiency and to achieve qualitative assurance. Quality assurance goes beyond the technical and economic viability aspects and requires organizational and institutional support. The paper discusses how the sustainability of the livestock traceability system can be possibly achieved by giving consideration not only the technical technology aspects of livestock traceability system but also socio-economic and institutional developments of the country. The challenge of the sustainability of animal traceability system remains capacity building of strong formal and informal institutional relationships. A model of appropriate livestock traceability service for serving resource-poor farmers and wealthy producers for livestock disease control is discussed. In addition, this model can serve as an appropriate tool to support the subsidy schemes that government apply for rural development.
Keywords: Livestock traceability system, Livestock identification and registration, sustainability, animal health
Distribution of the invasive blue crab Callinectes sapidus in the Lagoon of Viluni (Adriatic Sea, Albania) ERMIRA MILORI*, LILJANA QORRI, SAJMIR BEQIRAJ Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Bulevardi Zog I,25/1, 1001 Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
The invasive blue crab Callinectes sapidus has been largely distributed along the Adriatic coast of Albania during the recent years. The aim of the present study is to provide data on the distribution, assessment of the abundance, the structure and biometric characteristics of the blue crab population in Viluni Lagoon. The data presented in this paper has been collected during 2013-2015, based on the observation of 102 individuals of Callinectes sapidus, caught in gillnets by local fishermen. Besides direct observation and samples, collection in the study area, questionnaires have also been distributed to the local fishermen with the purpose of gathering information about the presence of the blue crab, assessment of its state and its possible impact on the other populations in the Viluni Lagoon, as this species seems to be already established in this lagoon. Keywords: Blue crab, invasive species, Viluni Lagoon, Adriatic Sea Abstract book
Page 14
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Kinases, stomates and microbes: Multiple ways to improve abiotic stress resistance of plants HERIBERT HIRT Center for Desert Agriculture, KAUST, Saudi Arabia and Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay, France E-mail:
[email protected]
We currently have more than 1 billion of undernourished people worldwide. This situation is not going to get better, unless we can increase food production by 50% in the next decades. However, drought, salt and heat stress make up to more than 60% of crop losses, so that improving abiotic stress resistance is one of the most important factors in securing food production. I report here the identification of a novel ABA-regulated MAPK pathway in Arabidopsis (Danqah et al. 2015), which regulates long-term ABA responses and might be an interesting target in crop breeding. Abiotic and biotic stress resistance is also determined by the capacity of plants to optimally adjust stomatal opening. I report here on the identification of a biotic pathway that largely functions independently of the abiotic ABA-regulated pathway, giving plants the possibility to cope with biotic and
abiotic
stresses
independently
(Montillet
et
al.
2013).
Finally,
I
present
DARWIN21,
http://www.darwin21.net, a project to isolate and employ endophytic microbes to enhance the stress tolerance of plants. I will show that endophytic microbes isolated from desert plants can render crops more resistant to stresses, making beneficial microbes a powerful approach for sustainable agriculture (de Zelicourt et al. 2013). 1. Danquah A, de Zélicourt A, Boudsocq M, Neubauer J, Frei Dit Frey N, Leonhardt N, Pateyron S, Gwinner F, Tamby JP, Ortiz-Masia D, Marcote MJ, Hirt H, Colcombet J. (2015) Identification and characterization of an ABA-activated MAP kinase cascade in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 82(2):232-44. 2. de Zelicourt A, Al-Yousif M, Hirt H. (2013) Rhizosphere microbes as essential partners for plant stress tolerance. Mol Plant 6:242-5. 3. Montillet, J.-L., Leonhardt, N., Mondy, S., Tranchimand, S., Rumeau, D., Boudsocq, M., Garcia, A.V., Douki, T., Bigeard, J., Laurière, C., Chevalier, A., Castresana, C., Hirt, H. (2013) An ABA-independent oxylipin pathway controls stomatal closure and immune defense in Arabidopsis. PLoS Biol. 11(3):e1001513.
Higher concentrations of Kainic acid in the red seaweed dulse (Palmaria palmata) ANDREA SPICKENREUTHER1, GERD HUSCHEK1, BERND GIESE2, WALTHER VETTER3, KLAUS LÜNING 4, BERND LUCKAS5* 1 IGV GmbH, Arthur Scheunert Allee 40/41, D-14558 Nuthetal, Germany; 2Food GmbH Jena Analytik-Consulting, Orlaweg 2, D-07743 Jena, Germany; 3University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Chemistry, Garbenstr.28, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany; 4Sylter Algenfarm GmbH, Hafenstr.10-12, D-25992 List/Sylt, Germany; 5University of Jena, Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Dornburger Str.159, D-07743 Jena, Germany *E-mail:
[email protected]
Legislation to control seafood concerning Domoic acid concentrations exist worldwide as a consequence to an ASP toxin poisoning occurred in 1987 in Canada when shellfish from Prince Edward Island were consumed. Neurotoxicity of Domoic acid is a critical toxicological effect involving the excitatory glutamate receptors, whereby Domoic acid (DA) acts similar as Kainic acid (KA). Both DA and KA are constituents of the red algae Chondria armata and Digenea simplex used as anthelminthic in Japan. On the other hand, the red alga Palmaria palmata is a traditional food (dulse) and a popular seaweed species for human consumption in Europe. In this context, we controlled dulse from different European marine regions for Kainic acid (KA) and Abstract book
Page 15
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Domoic acid (DA) content. All samples were free of DA. However, KA was detectable in all samples of dulse in the range 2,5–400 mg/kg, whereby the highest concentrations of KA were determined in dulse from the coast of Brittany. Based on the current EU limit of 20 mg DA/kg shellfish meat it seems likely to interdict the trade with dulse with high KA content, albeit comparison of the toxicity of DA and KA reveals a lower toxicity of KA. Keywords: Seafood, legislation, Kainic acid, Domoic acid, Palmaria palmata
Inverse expression pattern of proangiogenic (HIF-1alpha) and antiangiogenic (vasohibins) factors during different functional stages in the bovine ovary BAJRAM BERISHA1,2 1 Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, Rr. George Bush, n.n., 10000 Prishtinë, Kosovo; 2Institute of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Germany E-mail:
[email protected]
The objective of this study was to characterize expression patterns of proangiogenic hypoxia inducible factor1alpha (HIF1A) and antiangiogenic vasohibin family members (VASH1 and VASH2) during different stages of ovarian function in cow. Experiment 1: antral follicle classification occurred by follicle size and estradiol17beta (E2) concentration in the follicular fluid into 5 groups (<0.5, 0.5-5, 5-40, 40-180 and >180 E2 ng/ml). Experiment 2: corpora lutea (CL) were assigned to the following stages; days 1-2, 3-4, 5-7, 8-12, 13-16 and >18 (after regression) of estrous cycle and of pregnancy (month 1-2, 3-4, 6-7, >8). Experiment 3: Cows on days 812 were injected with a prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF) analogue and CL were collected by transvaginal ovariectomy before and 0.5, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 64h after PGF injection. Expression of mRNA was measured by qPCR, steroid hormone concentration by EIA and localization by immunohistochemistry. The obtained results show a remarkable inverse expression and localization pattern of HIF1A and vasohibins during different stages of ovarian function in cow. These results lead to the assumption that the examined factors are involved in the local mechanisms regulating angiogenesis and that the interactions between proangiogenic (HIF1A) and antiangiogenic (vasohibins) factors impacts all stages of bovine ovary function. Keywords: Angiogenesis, antral follicle, corpus luteum, ovary, pregnancy
Yeast mixtures and Saccharomyces hybrids: suitable tools for performing more sophisticated must fermentations HELMUT KÖNIG*, EVA CHRIST Institute of Microbiology and Wine Research, Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128 Mainz, Germany E-Mail:
[email protected]
Despite the advantages of starter cultures, some winegrowers prefer a spontaneous fermentation to produce wines of high quality with a distinctive sensory profile. However, the risk of stuck fermentation increases, which can cause significant financial losses. In order to investigate the reasons for problems during spontaneous fermentation of Riesling must in a German vineyard of the lower Moselle, yeast strains involved in must fermentation were identified during winemaking. It revealed that Saccharomyces (S.) bayanus and not S. Abstract book
Page 16
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
cerevisiae was the main fermenting yeast. Either S. bayanus finished the fermentation or led to stuck fermentation. During stuck the triple hybrid S. cerevisiae x S. kudriavzevii x S. bayanus continued the fermentation spontaneously, which was able to utilize fructose more efficiently than S. bayanus. In contrast to the usual starter culture S. cerevisiae, both isolates, S. bayanus strain HL 77 and the triple hybrid strain HL 78, could grow in the absence of ammonium when amino acids were present. The triple hybrid was also able to consume glucose and especially fructose at lower amino acid concentrations. Thus, the triple hybrid strain HL 78 is a suitable strain to overcome stuck fermentation without changing the fermentation conditions and the aroma profile desired by the selected winery. Since the application of genetically modified yeast strains is not allowed for starter culture, we suggest the generation of hybrid strains with desired phenotypical features from mother strains of a certain winery and their application in case that during a spontaneous fermentations a stuck fermentation is observed. In addition, the application of mixed yeast cultures is discussed. Keywords: Wine making, fermentation strategy, Saccharomyces, hybrid yeasts, wild yeasts, RFLP analysis, ammonium requirement. 1. Christ E, Kowalczyk M, Zuchowska M, Claus H, Löwenstein R, Szopinska-Morawska A, Renaut J, König H (2015) An exemplary model study for overcoming stuck fermentation during spontaneous fermentation with the aid of a Saccharomyces triple hybrid. J. Agricult. Sci. 7:18. 2. Szopinska A, Christ E, Planchon S, König H, Evers D, Renaut J (2016) Stuck at work? Quantitative proteomics of environmental wine yeast strains reveals the natural mechanism of overcoming stuck fermentation. Proteomics 16:593– 608.
Development of new yeast strains for lowering ethanol content of wines and increase of glycerol JUERGEN FROEHLICH1, ANNE BESIER1, FLORIAN KRAFT1, MANUELA BERND1, HANNES WENINGER1, IGNO TASEV 2* 1 Erbsloeh Geisenheim AG, Erbsloehstrasse 1, Geisenheim D-65366, Germany; 2TOCHEM dooel, Atinska 10,1020 Skopje, Macedonia *E-mail:
[email protected]
As a result of the climate change, rising sugar content in grape must and the concomitant increase in alcohol levels in wine are some of the main challenges affecting winemaking nowadays. Among the several alternative solutions currently applied, the use of special wine yeasts which were isolated after different selective pressures shows promising results to relieve this problem. Attempts to produce such yeasts in particular comprise intentional genetic modification without application of GMO-techniques and processes based on selective cultivation. The object is achieved by using combined different mutagenesis techniques, whereby the first and the second mutagen differ from each other and are selected from the following groups: nucleotide-alkylating agent, nucleotide-deamination agent and UV radiation. A first selection step is performed between the first and the second round of mutagenesis and a second selection step is performed after the second mutagenesis, whereby the mutants resulting from the respective preceding mutagenesis are exposed to selection factors like hypertonic medium or alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor. Finally, these strains are subjected to RNA microarray
Abstract book
Page 17
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
tests showing that genes of the HOG (High Osmolarity Glycerol) pathway were mainly affected by the mutagenesis. Keywords: Alcohol management, wine making, yeast selection, selective cultivation, mutagenesis, RNA microarrays
Relevant plant traits help to inform phytostabilization of metal polluted sites 1* 1 1 1,2 MARJANA REGVAR , MATEVŽ LIKAR , MATEJA POTISEK , KATARINA VOGEL-MIKUŠ , PRIMOŽ 2 2 2 VAVPETIČ , PRIMOŽ VAVPETIČ2, MITJA KELEMEN2, MATIC PEČOVNIK , PRIMOŽ PELICON 1 2 Department ofBiology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia E-mail: *
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected],
[email protected];
[email protected]
Metal pollution, vegetation collapse, and severe erosion, are direct consequences of centuries of lead mining and smelting in Žerjav, N Slovenia. Soils contain up to 200 ppm Cd, 3000 ppm Zn and 51 000 ppm of Pb. The remaining local flora is composed of key species adapted to prevailing conditions. The most abundant plant species along the successional gradient were therefore selected for direction of phytostabilisation. Distinct plant traits enable survival and reproductive success of diverse annual and perennial species on site. They can be classified as structural, biochemical, and functional adaptations of metal tolerant plants and are of critical importance for plant fitness in metal polluted soils. The most extreme metal tolerance traits were found in metal hyperaccumulating plants. Although these species are not suitable for phytostabilization due to their low biomass and high metal contents, they can reveal the mechanisms conferring metal tolerance to plants. Local grasses were selected for establishment of green vegetation cover, but with limited success, due to their lack in metal tolerance traits. Salix caprea is the only woody shrub species present in the vicinity of lead mine and smelter. Despite the severe metal pollution, root tips of S. caprea are colonised by diverse fungal morphotypes, with the black-coloured morphotypes being the most abundant. Element composition and spatial distribution of selected morphotypes were analysed using proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Their possible role in metal tolerance will be critically evaluated. Selection of indigenous plant-fungal symbionts is suggested as the most suitable management strategy for phytostabilisation. Keywords. Metal tolerance, fungal morphotypes, plant adaptation, vegetation succession, micro-PIXE,
Wounding and Herbivory-induced GABA accumulation in plants AXEL MITHÖFER1*, SANDRA S. SCHOLZ2, JAIANA MALABARBA1,3, FRANK LUDEWIG4 1* Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany; 2Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany; 3Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; 4Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany *E-mail:
[email protected]
The non-proteinogenic amino acid γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is present in all organisms analyzed so far. In invertebrates, GABA acts as inhibitory neurotransmitter but its function in plants is still not well understood. Among others, its involvement in abiotic stress reactions and as defensive compound against feeding insects is suggested. GABA is synthesized from glutamate by glutamate decarboxylases (GAD) and degraded by GABAAbstract book
Page 18
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
transaminases. Its synthesis is stimulated by either acidic conditions occurring after tissue disruption or higher cytosolic calcium level. Here, I will present data on a systematic study of GABA induction, accumulation and related effects in Arabidopsis leaves upon mechanical wounding and insect (Spodoptera littoralis) herbivory. To address these questions different Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with reduced and enriched GABA levels, respectively, were used for the studies. We found that GABA enrichment occurred not only in local, directly challenged leaves upon wounding and herbivore feeding but also in adjacent leaves. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms for GABA accumulation in systemic leaves were investigated as well. We postulate that the rapid accumulation of GABA within the whole plant very likely represents a general, direct and systemic defense reaction against insect herbivores. Keywords: γ-aminobutyric acid, Arabidopsis thaliana, Spodoptera littoralis, calcium, plant defense, systemic signaling
Potentials to improve gut health and metabolism in animals and humans by feeding modified starches QËNDRIM ZEBELI*, BARBARA U. METZLER-ZEBELI Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria *E-mail:
[email protected]
Starch is the main polymer carbohydrate of cereals and their products being the main dietary energy source in livestock animals and humans. However, most of the starches are readily digested by host enzymes leading to acute increase of blood glucose response leading to high glycemic index. Starch has therefore been often called an unhealthy energy source and the consumption of starches has been related to high incidence of metabolic diseases in humans and animals. Chemically modified starches (CMS) have become popular during the last years because these starches have an increased proportion of starch that is largely indigestible to mammalian enzymes. The CMS are produced by different chemical methods that extend from enzymatic debranching, transglycosilation or organic acid treatments. Research of our team and other has proved that consumption of CMS is beneficial in treatment and prevention of lifestyle diseases in humans, as well as in improving lipid metabolome and glycemic index in pigs and the rumen health in cows. Likewise, the feeding of such starches has showed an overall reduction in the digestibility of energy and starch, and a progressive increase of short chain fatty acids and enhancement of the microbiome in the large bowl. This article will provide deep insights about the beneficial effects of feeding different CMS on metabolism and health as well as gut microbiome and health in studies using the pig as human model as well as studies with cattle. Keywords: Starch, chemically modified starch, lipid metabolism, gut health
Abstract book
Page 19
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Genetic diversity of sheep breeds from Albania and Kosova by microsatellite markers and mtDNA ANILA HODA1*, HYSEN BYTYQI2 1 Department of Animal Production, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania; 2 Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, Kosovo *E-mail:
[email protected]
In this paper, the polymorphisms from 6 microsatellites were used to assess genetic diversity and relationships in 5 sheep breeds from Albania and Kosovo. A total of 150 unrelated healthy individuals were selected, from different flocks. Allele diversity, observed heterozygosities, expected heterozygosities, F-statistics, G estimates, number of migrants per generation (Nm), and Nei’s DA distance were calculated. The sheep breeds display a high level of genetic variation as estimated by allelic diversity and heterozygosity. The overall observed and expected heterosygosity were 0.738 and 0.867, respectively. Inbreeding for all population is FIS = 0.035. The mean genetic differentiation, FST was 0.138. The analysis of molecular variance indicated that 13.89% of variance can be explained by differences among populations. Factorial Correspondent Analysis distinguishes 2 groups. These data were consistent with those obtained from mtDNA. Microsatellite polymorphism data were shown to be useful for estimating the genetic relationships between local sheep breeds from Albania and Kosovo. Key words: Genetic distance, genetic diversity, local breeds, microsatellite, mtDNA sheep
Blue-Light controlled chloroplast movements in leaves of cereals and in the model plant Brachypodium distachyon WERONIKA KRZESZOWIEC, KATARZYNA KURYŁOWICZ, MARIA NOVOKRESHCHENOVA, HALINA GABRYŚ* Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland *E-mail:
[email protected]
Light-controlled redistribution of chloroplasts enables photosynthetic organisms to optimize energy capture under limiting light and to minimize a potential photodamage in excess light1. In higher plants chloroplast movements are mediated by phototropins, blue light phototreceptors that control also other light acclimation responses, phototropism and stomatal movements2. So far, Arabidopsis thaliana was the main model plant to study the mechanism of blue light signaling that leads to chloroplast redistribution in terrestrial plants3. We investigated chloroplast movements in leaves of four major crop grasses, wheat, rye, rice and maize. Chloroplasts respond only to blue light in all these species. The fluence rate-response curves for the investigated C3 grasses are very similar to those measured for Arabidopsis and tobacco, which points to a similar mechanism of chloroplast redistribution in both groups. The image of chloroplast relocation in maize changes with the development of the C4 syndrome4. Chloroplasts of Brachypodium distachyon respond to light analogously to those in Arabidopsis. Amino acid sequences of phototropins were compared for Arabidopsis and Brachypodium. According to BLAST analysis, the amino acid sequence of Brachypodium phot1 is 65% identical, and that of phot2 is 71% identical to the Abstract book
Page 20
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
sequence of the respective phototropin in Arabidopsis. Both phototropin1 and 2 are expressed in Brachypodium, as shown using quantitative real-time PCR. Taking into consideration the conserved synteny and similarity of responses to light, B. distachyon appears to be a good model plant to study the molecular mechanism of chloroplast movements in cereals. These investigations may be of importance for improving crop grass productivity. 1. Sztatelman O, Waloszek A, Banas AK, Gabrys H. (2010) Photoprotective function of chloroplast avoidance movement: in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence study. J. Plant Physiol. 167:709-716. 2. Banaś AK, Aggarwal C, Łabuz J, Sztatelman O, Gabryś H. (2012) Blue light signalling in chloroplast movements. J. Exp. Bot. 63:1559–1574. 3. Gabryś H, Krzeszowiec W. (2012) Chloroplast movements induced by light: diversity of mechanisms in various taxa. In: Biological diversity - from cell to ecosystem, Łaska G. (ed.), Polish Botanical Society, Białystok, pp. 9-24. 4. Wojciechowski A. (1984) Pewne aspekty rozwoju syndromu C4 w ontogenezie liści kukurydzy (Zea mays L.) (Certain aspects of C4 syndrome development in maize leaf ontogenesis) PhD thesis, Jagiellonian University).
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: A model photosynthetic eukaryote in fundamental and applied research SEVERIN SASSO Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Jena, Germany E-mail:
[email protected]
Since the middle of the 20th century, the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been developed into a powerful model organism. Chlamydomonas is a unicellular green alga with a cell size of ~5 to 10 µm. It widely occurs in soil and fresh water. The cell possesses a single cup-shaped chloroplast that contains a pyrenoid involved in carbon concentration. Chlamydomonas can swim towards the light with the help of an eyespot and two flagella. Because of its suitability for laboratory research, Chlamydomonas is often dubbed the 'green yeast'.It can be cultivated easily in the laboratory, and light-dark cycles can be used to synchronize the cell cycle of a population. A plethora of tools are available to generate and characterize mutants. The haploid genome of vegetative cells simplifies the phenotypic analyses of mutants. Its ability to use external acetate as a source of carbon and energy renders Chlamydomonas an ideal system to generate photosynthetic mutants. The nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes are completely sequenced. Chlamydomonas has not only been used to successfully investigate fundamental processes such as photosynthesis or motility, it has also stimulated applied research, for example, in the areas of bioenergy or optogenetics. In this talk, I will provide an overview of Chlamydomonas, and I will describe some of the major discoveries made with the help of this model organism. Current developments in Chlamydomonas research will be outlined as well. Keywords: Model organism, plant biology, unicellular algae
Abstract book
Page 21
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
New plant receptors for microbe-associated molecular patterns JUDITH FLIEGMANN*, LEI WANG, URSULA FÜRST, MARKUS ALBERT, GEORG FELIX ZMBP, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, Plant Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany *E-mail:
[email protected]
Plants are surrounded by a dazzling array of potential pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, nematodes or insects. However, in their natural environment, plants are mainly healthy, which hints at the amazing ability to ward off most of the assailants. As a first line of protection against invading microorganisms, plants constitutively produce preformed barriers, like the cell wall, antimicrobial enzymes, and toxic secondary metabolites. More importantly, plants are able to recognize potential aggressors and to mount active defense reactions. This differentiation between self and non-self relies on the perception of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), which are invariable components of the microbial metabolism. They are detected via specific plant cell surface receptors, which bind these structures with high affinity. Binding leads to the transduction of the immanent danger signal into the activation of cellular defense reactions and, potentially, disease resistance. Most MAMPs are broadly distributed whereas the presence of most plant receptors is restricted to a distinct genus. Receptors are encoded by large gene families in plants, but, until now, only a minor number of the gene products have their functions assigned. We will present data on new MAMPs, new receptors, and how to increase further the repertoire of cognate ligand/receptor pairs, which will further the understanding of the functionality and might lead to future applications in plant biotechnology. Keywords:
Golden
Gate,
innate
immunity,
leucine-rich
receptor-like
kinase,
ligand-binding,
structure/function analysis
Arbuscular mycorrhiza and salt tolerance of plants HERMANN BOTHE University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str. 47b; D-50674 Cologne, Germany E-mail:
[email protected]
About 7% of the land surface is polluted by NaCl and therefore not amenable for agriculture. The salt habitats at the coasts and in inland marshes carry a fascinating zonal distribution of the plants (the halophytes) in dependence of the salt load in the soils which is independent of the salt type (NaCl, KCl or K2CO3). Although salt has detrimental effects on spore germination of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), their hyphal growth and the colonization rate of plants under laboratory conditions, many salt tolerant plants (the halophytes) are strongly colonized by AMF in their natural habitats. AMF spores in several saline soils consist to up to 80% of one single species, Glomus geosporum. In contrast, roots of halophytes are more colonized by fungi of the Glomus intraradices group, among which many are uncultured as yet. Salt stress is intimately related to drought in saline habitats. Molecular analyses of genes expressed upon salt stress indicated that aquaporins which facilitate the transfer of water across membranes play a major role in alleviating salt stress of plants. In AMF, genes serving to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) are expressed upon exposure to salt, indicating that Abstract book
Page 22
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
fungi have to develop an enhanced oxidative defence. The development of AMF inocula that confer sustained salt tolerance to plants would have enormous practical applications. Many positive reports on salt stress alleviation by AMF exist. However, the state of the art has not yet reached applications in the field. 1. Bothe, H. (2012) Arbuscular mycorrhiza and salt tolerance of plants. Symbiosis 58:7-16. 2. Bothe, H. (2015) The lime-silicate question. Soil Biol. Biochem. 89:172-183.
The tomato glandular trichome– a high capacity bioreactor STEFAN BENNEWITZ*, GERD BALCKE, NICK BERGAU & ALAIN TISSIER Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Halle (Saale), Germany *E-mail:
[email protected]
Glandular trichomes are specialized secretory cells protruding from the epidermis in many vascular plants. They can produce vast amounts of secondary metabolites such asshort branched chain acyl sugars, flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, and isoprenoidswith a wide range of functions in the chemical communication of plants with theirenvironment. The main glandular trichome in tomato is the type VI trichome made up of a four-celled head sitting on a stalk. In the wild tomato species Solanum habrochaites LA1777 the major secondary metabolites are the carboxylic acids of the sesquiterpenessantalene and bergamotene. These compounds make up for about one third of the glandular trichome dry weight and have been shown to possess toxic as well as ovipositioning effects on insects contributing to the defense against plant pests. Here, we present morphological data acquired by electron microscopy showing the unique architectural features and utilize metabolomics as well as transcriptomics and proteomics to elucidate the adaptations of the core metabolic network in these specialized cells required to deliver such high productivity levels. Finally, we show biochemical proof in the form of enzyme assays for the sesquiterpene carboxylic acid biosynthesis pathway genes. Taken together the data lead us to a better understanding on how glandular trichomes in general, and in the tomato species LA1777 in particular, can accumulate these high amounts of secondary metabolites needed to protect the plant against pests and pathogens. Keywords: Tomato, glandular trichomes, secondary metabolites, terpenes
Controlling plant diseases by endophytic fungi SUSANN AUER, SABINE MARSCHOLLEK, JULIA DÖRING, MARIE HELBIG, JUTTA LUDWIG-MÜLLER* Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany *E-mail:
[email protected]
Plant diseases are often difficult to control due to the adaptation responses of the pathogens to evade the host plant's defense mechanisms. Plant defense is initiated after recognition of pathogen molecules by plant receptors. A defense response can also be induced by non-pathogenic microorganisms, which is priming. We have recently started to investigate the potential of the endophytic fungus Acremonium alternatum, which is a known biological control agent in several countries, to induce defense reactions. Its effect on the economically important clubroot disease of Brassica crops will be highlighted. Clubroot, caused by the protist Abstract book
Page 23
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Plasmodiophora brassicae, results in abnormally growing roots and restricts the flow of water and nutrients to the upper plant parts. Many datasets indicate that the plant defense response is down-regulated by P. brassicae. We have also shown that the protist has a methyltransferase capable to modify the plant defense signal salicylic acid. Therefore, we reasoned that it should be possible to induce the plant defense reaction by endophytic fungi. We have gained evidence from transcriptome data that the Arabidopsis defense response is induced by Acremonium alternatum, when co-inoculated with the clubroot pathogen, which later results in a reduction of host symptoms. In addition, some data will be shown that A. alternatum is also able to reduce the growth of several phytopathogenic fungi in vitro. Since another beneficial fungus, Piriformospora indica, can also induce tolerance against clubroot in Arabidopsis roots, we are interested to investigate whether the two different fungi induce similar or different mechanisms to ascert tolerance against clubroot. Keywords: Acremonium alternatum, Arabidopsis thaliana, defense gene induction, microarray, Piriformospora indica, Plasmodiophora brassicae
The assessment of initial number of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria in some Albanian grape varieties compared other varieties used for wine production ROZETA HASALLIU*, KRENAR GOZHDARI, FATBARDHA META, RENATA KONGOLI Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
In this study we have used to do wine using some Albanian grape varieties like Kallmet, Black Shesh, White Shesh, Pulz, and other grape varieties like Merlot and Kabernet. There are many microorganisms in grape that are used to do wine. Some of them are wild yeast, lactic acid bacteria, and acetic acid bacteria. Yeasts that are in grape are indigenous yeasts and spontaneous fermentation is done by them. In Albania, some of wine producers produce wine with spontaneous fermentation and some other produce wine with inoculated yeasts that are Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces bayanus or a mix between two yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Sacharomyces bayanus. The aim of this study is to evaluate the initial number of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria in these grape varieties, to compare the quantity of these microorganisms between these grape varieties, to evaluate the difference between yeasts and lactic acid bacteria and their performance during the two fermentations, (spontaneous and inoculated fermentations), and the effect of yeasts to lactic acid bacteria. Keywords: Wine, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, initial number, spontaneous and inoculated fermentations
Abstract book
Page 24
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Heterotrimeric G-protein signalling mechanism and its regulation during nodule formation in soybean SWARUP ROY CHOUDHURY, SONA PANDEY* Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA E-mail:
[email protected]; *
[email protected]
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation provides a sustainable channel for the release of nitrogen into the biosphere and accomplishes the requirement for agricultural nitrogen fertilizer. Legumes form a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia and this relationship is fashioned following the exchange of a series of signals, eventually resulting in the formation of a specialized root organ, nodule. Due to its importance nodule development is controlled by multiple regulatory mechanisms. One such signaling mechanisms involve heterotrimeric G proteins, comprise of Gα, Gβ and Gγ subunits. We have shown that the specific G and G proteins of soybean heterotrimeric Gprotein complex are involved in regulation of nodulation. In our current work we demonstrate the role of nod factor receptor 1 (NFR1)-mediated phosphorylation in regulation of G-protein cycle during nodulation in soybean. We show that during nodulation the G-protein cycle is controlled by the activity of its regulatory RGS proteins. NFR1 interacts with RGS proteins and phosphorylates them. Analysis of phosphorylated RGS protein identifies specific amino acids which when phosphorylated, result in significantly higher GTPase accelerating activity. These data point to a phosphorylation-based regulation of G-protein signaling during nodule development. We show that active NFR1 receptors phosphorylate and activate RGS proteins, which help maintain the G proteins in their inactive, trimeric conformation, resulting in successful nodule development. Additional receptors linked to NFR receptors directly phosphorylate G-protein subunits. We propose that Gproteins provide the link between signal perception by receptors at the plasma membrane to the intracellular targets. Keywords: Heterotrimeric G-proteins, RGS protein, nodulation, phosphorylation, Nod factor receptors, soybean
Elemental and chemical imaging of plant tissue for plant biology and food science PRIMOŽ PELICON1,*, PRIMOŽ VAVPETIČ1, BOŠTJAN JENČIČ1, MITJA KELEMEN1, KATARINA VOGELMIKUŠ1,2, PAULA PONGRAC3, MARJANA REGVAR2 1 Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; 2Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3The James Hutton Institute, Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK E-mail: *
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
The ability to probe elemental and molecular distributions in the biological tissue has particular significance for the research in biology, medicine, food science, pharmacy and forensics. The distribution of elements in the biological tissue can be accessed by a sequence of tissue sectioning, preprocessing and analysis by X-ray emission. In the case of micro-PIXE, tissue slice is irradiated by 3 MeV focused proton beam, and the quantitative elemental distributions of the elements spanning in the periodic table from Na to U are obtained in the form of two-dimensional elemental maps, resembling conventional microscopy images. Detection limit is in the order of 1 ppm and the lateral resolution is 600 nm, which makes Abstract book
Page 25
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
this method effective to determine major and trace-element distributions in cereal grains and plants used in agriculture. Imaging mass techniques offer insight into complex biochemical processes by detection of specific biomolecules and their distributions. To be able to determine the localization of large biomolecules in the tissue and cells, it is important to extract significant fractions of non-fragmented molecular ions, as this allows for unambiguous identification of the molecular species. A novel technique of molecular imaging, MeV-SIMS, is under development at Jožef Stefan Institute, and is able to detect the distributions of molecules with masses up to 1500 Da directly in a form of non-fragmented molecular ions. Keywords: Elemental imaging, chemical imaging, PIXE, MeV-SIMS, mass spectroscopy, cereals
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and tickborne encephalitis virus in ticks from Kosovo and Albania KURTESH SHERIFI1, AGIM REXHEPI1, BLERTA MEHMEDI1, RREZE GECAJ1, ZAMIRA XOXHA2, KRISTAQ BËRXHOLI2 1 Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University ”Hasan Prishtina”, Prishtina, Kosovo; 2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture in Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an emerging tick-borne disease in South-Eastern Europe, including Kosovo and Albania. Till now there are no accurate data on Lyme borreliose and Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). To determine the prevalence of tick vectors and the rate of infection in ticks, we sampled and tested 795 tick samples (669 from Kosovo and 126 from Albania) in the years 2014/2015 for viral RNA of CCHF and TBE virus, as well as DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by RT-PCR. Ticks were collected from the environment and from domestic animals (cattle, sheep and goats). The most common tick species found in Kosovo were Ixodes ricinus (32.5%) and Hyalomma marginatum (30%), followed by Rhipicephalus bursa (19.4%), Dermacentor marginatus (14.5%) and Haemaphysalis spp. (3.5%). In Albania only R. bursa was found. In Kosovo 9 ticks (1.34%) were positive for viral RNA of CCHF virus and seven ticks (1%) for DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., but none of them resulted positive on TBE virus. In Albania no positive ticks were found for three aforementioned pathogens. The detection of CCHF viral RNA in ticks in Kosovo was found in one H. marginatum specimen from Prizren region and in eight R. bursa specimens from Prishtina region. In seven ticks of Mitrovica region (in five D. marginatus and in two I. ricinus) were detected Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. Our study confirmed that CCHF virus is circulating in Kosovo in two tick species, H. marginatum and R. bursa, as well as Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in I. ricinus and D. marginatus. For the control of CCHF and Lyme borreliose there is a need to establish improved vector surveillance and the testing of ticks for the presence of CCHF virus and Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in order to prevent the spread of diseases. Keywords: CCHF virus, Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., H. marginatum, R. bursa, D. marginatus, I. ricinus
Abstract book
Page 26
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Actual situation and future perspectives for sustainable development in the Divjaka national park, Albania NEHAT ÇOLLAKU1*, ELVIN TOROMANI2, VALBONA SIMIXHIU3, ERION ISTREFI4 1,2 Forestry Department, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania; 3,4Project of Environment Services, Ministry of Environment, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]; etoromani @ ubt.edu.al;
[email protected];
[email protected]
The analysis of the present state of nature and the impacts of the land use in the Divjaka National Park, aimed to identify its scenarios for the future development. The used methodology was Land Use Planning Process (LUPP), which consists on the systematic assessment of land and water potential, alternatives for land use and economic and social conditions in order to select the best land use options. For this diagnosis, we have collected the relevant information on the situation of the land, land use, biodiversity and the socio-economic framework conditions. The applied methods during the fieldwork comprised site and vegetation surveys on selected sample plots and open interviews with local representatives of the major interest groups. The collected data served as the basis for the following planning process. Following the "FAO Guidelines for land - use planning 1993", there were distinguished the major different land mapping units (LMUs) and their qualities, as well the major land utilization types (LUTs) and their requirements. The results show that in the Divjaka National Park there were distinguished 9 LMUs and 8 LUTs. Through the matching of the LMUs with the LUTs, the potential land use situation was compared to the actual, there were identified the major land use conflicts. Based on the land use planning carried out in the Divjaka National Park, there are proposed three different scenarios for possible future development, focused on: a. Maximum Tourism Development; b. Strict Nature Protection; c. Integrated Ecotourism Concept.
Keyword: Land use planning, analysis, land units, assessment, conflicts, scenarios
Effect of salinity stress on in vitro propagation of different wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L) VALBONA SOTA1*, BRUNILDA ÇUKO1, EFIGJENI KONGJIKA2 1 Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana University, Tirana, Albania; 2Section of Natural and Technical Sciences, Academy of Sciences, Tirana, Albania E-mail: *
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
Salinity stress is a critical environmental constraint to crop productivity for most species. Wheat is one of the most important species of cereals used for food and feed, as well as in the bioethanol industry, but is intolerable to high salinity conditions resulting in decreased yield. In the present study the salinity effect (NaCI) on five wheat cultivars (U2, U10/15, Progresi, Dajti and LVS) was evaluated. Zygotic embryos cultivated on MS media were used as primary explants. Two types of PGRs, BAP and 2,4-D (2 mg/l each) were tested for organogenesis induction. The derived plants were cultivated on MS media combined with 2 mg/l BAP and 0.2 mg/l NAA. In this stage the salinity stress was evaluated and three NaCl levels compared to the control (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM) were investigated. Significant differences were noticed among the cultivars followed by different NaCl levels. The salt stress significantly influenced the plantlets growth which was reduced gradually with the increase of salinity from 0 to 300 mM NaCl. All the cultivars survived at 50 mM NaCl concentration. Only the plantlets of Progresi and LVS survived at 100 mM NaCl concentration, meanwhile none of them survived at Abstract book
Page 27
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
higher contentrations of NaCl. In most cases, the control was found superior in growth characterized than rest of the tested NaCl levels. Keywords: Salt stress, NaCl, in vitro culture, wheat, MS medium, PGRs
Assessment of air pollution from the oil extraction industry in Marinza oil field of Fier, Albania GAVROSH ZELA, JAMARBER MALLTEZI, SULEJMAN SULÇE, ELSA ZELA Agricutural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
This work aims to reveal the impact of the pollution to air from the activity of oil extraction industry in Marinza for the past three years. This study compares data available from a comprehensive environmental monitoring performed during 2007-2008 and measurements taken during 2014-2017 to review whether there are tracks of air pollutants in the vicinity of surrounding villages of the area. Albpetrol, a public Albanian company carrying out oil extraction in the area has been the only operator until 2005. Since 2006 there has been operating also a private foreign company for oil extraction in the area. The new monitoring and championing of representative samples were taken in vicinity of residential areas surrounding Mariza oil field carried out in 2007-2008. The environmental baseline at the time used the Location Conceptual Model for sampling. This survey compares the current air pollution with the baseline and to check whether there are any changes according to the environmental standards. Finally, the study will assess the actual situation and suggest a list of good practices for improving air quality in the area that could be implemented by all relevant stakeholders in the oil extraction industry. Keywords: Air pollution, air pollutants, oil extraction, crude oil
Assessment of water monitoring system in Albania under the perspective of EU legislation and Austrian practice EDLIRA BARAJ1*, ARMINA GJOKA2, RAIMONDA LILO (TOTONI)1, ROZA ALLABASHI3 1 Department of Chemistry, FIMIF, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania; 2Faculty of Geology and Mining, Polytechnic University of Tirana, irana, Albania; 3Institute of SanitaryEngineering and Water Pollution Control BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences * E-mail:
[email protected]
There is a complete legal framework at EU level, providing for the establishment of integrated water management systems in all Member States. Substantial part of this legislation (more than 90%) concerning water resource management and monitoring has been transposed so far in Albania, although an adequate monitoring system as part of the integrated water management system, is still far from being established and fully operational. The purpose of this work is to provide an overview of water resource management in Albania, with a particular focus on the assessment of water monitoring system, based on the EU legislation and Austrian practice. Several problems and concerns regarding the degree of implementation of EU directives, particularly of Water Framework Directive (WFD), such as the discrepancies in the coordination between institutions; lack Abstract book
Page 28
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
of sufficient and appropriate financial means; imperative need for the development of modern laboratory infrastructure, distributed in an artery-like network in order to monitor water resources; necessity for more qualified and trained staff, lack of an electronic database, and the need for raising awareness and participation of the public in decision-making process related to environmental issues, have been observed. Based on EU legislation (WFD) in general, and the Austrian practice in particular, recommendations for establishing the water monitoring system in Albania according to EU standards and laws have been also presented. Keywords: Water Framework Directive, water monitoring system
Preventive treatment for placenta retention in cows KLAJDI NALLBANI*, LUIGJ TURMALAJ, ENSTELA SHUKULLARI, REXHEP BAJRAMAJ Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Termination of the calving process coincides with the release of the placenta from the uterus. Even the time of placenta residue, can vary from few hours to several days. It is considered normal if the residue (placenta) happens up to 12 hours after the calving process (calf). One of the problems associated with calving in cows is precisely the delay of issuance of the placenta. As a result of the residue of the placenta in the uterus beyond the time limit, it cause ongoing a various consequences on the health of cattle in general and reproductive capabilities in particular. In these circumstances we committed this study to test the combination effects of hormones with calcium preparations. Apropos we created three groups of 10 cows each (2 of them the experiment groups and 1 as the control group). Cows were treated as below: group A (experiment) 30 UI oxytocin and 100 ml calcium gluconate, group B (experiment) 2 ml Pgf2-alpha and 100 ml calcium gluconate and group C (the control) received no treatment. The treatments for experiment groups started immediately after the calving process ended (end of the second phase of calving). The results obtained for group A shows that 2 out of 10 cows treated have still placenta residue 24 hours after calving. The results obtained from the group B shows that 3 out of 10 cows treated have still placenta residue, while in the control group we have only 3 cows with placenta residue. These data are preliminary because in the study are included a large number of cows. Apparently the role of treatment isn’t clear enough yet: but we think and believe that these combinations of treatments may help us reducing the placenta residue in cows. Keywords: Placenta residue, parturition (calving), hormone, uterus, reproduction
Genetic variants of Kappa casein gene in Busha and Brown Swiss breeds of cattle BOŽIDARKA MARKOVIĆ*, DUŠICA RADONJIĆ, MILENA ĐOKIĆ and MILAN MARKOVIĆ University of Montenegro, Biotechnical faculty, MihailaLalića 1, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro *E-mail:
[email protected]
The genetic variants of kappa casein gene were found in different frequencies in various cattle breeds. These genetic variants cause differences quality and composition of the milk. The objective of this work was to identify the genotypes and allelic frequencies of Kappa casein locus in the Brown Swiss as an exotic breed and Busha cattle as indigenous cattle breed in Montenegro. The DNA of 21 blood samples of Busha breed cattle and Abstract book
Page 29
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
19 blood samples of Brown Swiss cattle were genotyped for polymorphisms at the kappa casein gene by a Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) essay. A 350 bp fragment of kappa casein was amplified and digested with HinfI restriction endonuclease. Three genotypes were identified (AA, AB and BB) with frequencies of 0.117, 0.450 and 0.433 in Brown Swiss breed and 0.274, 0.499 and 0.227 respectively in Busha breed. The frequencies of alleles were 0.316 (A) and 0.684 (B) in Brown Swiss and 0.524 and 0.476 (respectively) in Busha cattle. The genotyping of kappa casein alleles (A and B) is of practical importance, since the B allele has found to correlate with commercially valuable parameters of cheese yielding efficiency. The results of very high frequency of B allele in Brown Swiss cattle confirmed this breed characteristic in Montenegrin population, too. The determination of A and B allele frequencies in population of Busha breed is the first in Montenegro. It could be used for possible increasing the frequency of desired alleles and genotypes by including in the programs of selection and preservation of the Busha breed in Montenegro, as important animal genetic resources. Keywords: Kappa casein, PCR-RFLP, Busha, Brown Swiss
Influence of pH in concentration of Persistent Organic Pesticides in agricultural soils MIMOZA MUKAJ1, SOFIANA MAI3, MAGDALENA CARA2, THANAS RUCI2 1 Albanian Customs Laboratory, General Customs Directory; 2Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana; 3Institute of Food Safety and Veterinary, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Over the past century, there has been a wide use of pesticides in agricultural products. However, only 10% of pesticides reach the target, and the other part is spreaded in the air, soil and water. Although, pesticides save farmers’ time and money, they are known for having negative effects on human health and environment, while the soil contamination with Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) pesticides is very alarming. It is evidented, that due to its large retention capacity for hydrophobic compounds, soil is used as an effective sink for POPs pesticides and it plays an important role in the global distribution and fate of these chemicals. The soil properties, like pH and temperature, influence the degradation rates of pesticides. The most favourable soil pH for the best degradation of pesticides is around 7. The goal of this paper is to study correlation between soil pH and concentration of POPs pesticides. In this study we have included some farms of agricultural areas in Albania. 72 samples were collected in the period of June - December 2015. We have determined the pH of soil with pH meter and POPs pesticide residues with Gas chromatography techniques. The values of pH ranged from 5.7 to 8.34, and the values of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) residues ranged from 0.1 to 220.69 µg/kg. From this study resulted that in general, in soils with pH < 7, the concentration of DDT was lower than the concetration of DDT in soils with pH > 7. Keywords: POPs pesticides, pH–meter, Gas chromatography
Abstract book
Page 30
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Assessment of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) Inventory in Albania EDLIRA SHAHINASI1, FERDI BRAHUSHI2*, SEIT SHALLARI2, SULEJMAN SULÇE2 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana - Albania 2 Department of Agroenviroment and Ecology, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana – Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are toxic chemicals that persist in the environment and pose high risk of adverse effects to human health and the environment. The POPs chemicals are used worldwide in industry, agriculture, communication, etc. Stockholm Convention concerning on POPs issues was prepared in 2001 under the framework of the effort to protect human health and the environment. Albania has signed the Convention on December 05, 2001 and ratified it on October 04, 2004. The POPs Convention sets a number of obligations that the parties shall or are encouraged to undertake, including POPs inventory in order to undertake measures and strategy for reduction, prohibition and elimination of identified POPs. POPs inventory at national level was based on UNEP methodology. Obtained data showed that there are not physical quantities of POPs pesticides in use and stocks but an evaluation and monitoring of pesticide residues in the environment especially in contaminated areas, have to be undertaken. The presence of PCBs is relatively low according to the inventory data, but a full study should be performed to analyze the presence of PCBs not only in transformer oils but also in soil, sediments, water and organisms. The current inventory of potential emissions of unintentionally produced POPs showed that about 49 g TEQ/year are released and the uncontrolled wastes burning were the main contributor to the emissions of unintentionally POPs in environment. The main source emissions of POPsPBDES in the environment were old electrical and electronic equipments (about 2130 kg PBDEs), as well as the transport vehicles manufactured before 2005, (about 25,077 kg) compared to vehicles manufactured after 2005 (about 127 kg). The calculated amount of PFOS varies from 186.75 kg/year to 12552.5 kg/year or the average amount of exposed PFOS was 7208 kg/year. Obtained data showed that the people are widely exposed to HBCD and main pollution comes from textiles used in household furniture about 76940 kg and from the construction sector 11990 kg. Based on current POPs inventory some measures have to be undertaken to reduce or eliminate them from environment. Keyword: Stockholm Convention, pollutants, persistent, toxic, environment
Variation in Nickel accumulation in organs of Alyssum murale from serpentine site of Albania BESMIRA XHAFERRI1, AIDA BANI1, GUILLAUME ECHEVARRIA2, ERMELINDA GJETA3 1 Agro-Environmental Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania; 2Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, Nancy-Université, INRA, France; 3 Department of Biology, “A.Xhuvani” University, Elbasan, Albania; 4 Department of Plant and Science Technology, Faculty of Agronomy and Environmental, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Environmental factors, such as climate and chemical composition, are a primary force in shaping the distributions of plant species. While many plant species can grow in a variety of habitats, some species become entirely restricted to a particular soil type. Serpentine soils, that occupy 10% of the surface of Albania, provide one of the most remarkable examples of plant adaptation to atypical soils. Albania has a very rich nickel hyper accumulator flora, which could serve as a candidate to be used in phytoextraction and phytomining. Abstract book
Page 31
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Phonological studies contribute to obtaining adequate information on the way to the appropriate time of collection of the hyperaccumulator plants. The metal accumulation amounts vary based on the plant organ, but also by the phenological phases of its biological cycle. We observed the variation in the nickel absorption in various organs of Alyssum murale in 2 typical serpentine albanian Vertisols; Prrenjas and Pojske. Samples of soil and plants collected during the flowering time of A murale. In serpentine soil of Pojska (96 mg kg-1) the available nickel was higher than in Prrenjas (24 mg kg-1). Depending on the climate conditions, macronutrient and heavy metals in the soil, the heavy metal concentration in steams, leaves and flowers in A. murale from Prrenjas were respectively 4666,15855,12302 mg kg-1, while for Pojska populations were respectively 3732, 21872, 12682 mg kg-1. Leaf and flower are plant organs where the concentration of nickel is higher. Both populations are promising for phytomining. Keywords: Phenology, nickel hyperaccumulators, heavy metals, Alyssum species, plant organs
Morfo-histological comparative study between two populations of Leucojum ionicum MATILDA SHEHU1*, ZHANETA ZEKAJ (TROJANI) 2 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University “Ismail Qemali”, Vlorë, Albania; 2Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Tiranë, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
In this study, the species Leucojum ionicum was considered in two habitats: Dhërmi and Palasë. The morphological and histological traits were studied and a comparison between these two populations was made. The technique used for the analysis of epidermal structures is the standard technique of nail polish, which consists in obtaining the stomatal traces in the upper and lower epidermis. From the analysis of morphological traits, it resulted that in both habitats L. ionicum appears with the same morphological traits. Comparing the distribution of stomata was observed variation between the two populations. In Palasa individuals a higher number of stomata/field (22-23 stomata/field) than in Dhërmi individuals (21-22 stomata/field) was found. As a result, SI (stomatal index) and SD (stomatal density) resulted higher in Palasa individuals. We encountered also the variation in stomatal morphology. Stomata in individuals of Dhërmi population appears larger in size and with angles being more distinct than stomata in the individuals of Palasa population. This explains the reason why the population of Palasa had a higher number of stomata/field. Keywords: Leucojum ionicum, morphological traits, histological traits, stomatal index, stomatal density, stomata
Expression of photosynthetic genes and the Gene Balance Hypothesis UTE HOLTZEGEL Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Jena, Germany E-mail:
[email protected]
Gene duplication provides organisms with the material for evolution and gives rise to gene families. There are two duplication mechanisms - small scale duplication of single genes (SSD), and whole genome duplication Abstract book
Page 32
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
(WGD), which occurred many times in the flowering plant lineage. After gene duplication, duplicates are either destroyed or retained. WGDs are usually followed by shrinking of the genome and return to the diploid state. While WGDs change only the absolute number of genes because all genes are duplicated at the same time, SSDs change the ratio between genes, creating an imbalance. The Gene Balance Hypothesisstates that genes coding for proteins that are part of a multisubunit complex are sensitive to such ‘gene dosage’ imbalances. Dosage sensitive genes tend to occur as whole genome duplicates but not as small scale duplicates, and they are usually co-expressed. The stronger a protein is associated with a protein complex, the more dosage sensitive it is. I investigated the light-regulated mRNA expression of an important plant gene family that expanded by both WGD and SSD - the Light harvesting complex (Lhc) family coding for the chlorophyll-rich proteins that are part of the photosystems and collect light for photosynthesis. All flowering plants possess the same 10 main types of Lhcproteins that belong to three functional groups, but the gene numbers coding for these 10 proteins vary. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, there are 17 ‘abundantly expressed’ Lhc genes. Seven of them originate from SSD and are very similar - expression data able to distinguish between these genes are scarce for this reason. Using very short gene-specific DNA probes in combination with various photoreceptor mutant lines, I was able to gain expression data for all 17 genes. Together with an extensive analysis of Lhc gene number and duplication history in 13 angiosperm species that differ in the age of their last WGD, the Arabidopsis expression data support the Gene Balance Hypothesis. Keywords: Lhc genes, Gene Balance Hypothesis, light regulated expression
Significance and evolution of dually targeted proteins to endosymbiotic organelles BATIONA SHAHOLLARI, MAYANK SHARMA, RALF BERND KLÖSGEN Institute of Biology - Plant Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 10, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany E-mail:
[email protected]
The majority of proteins from mitochondria and chloroplasts are encoded by the nucleus and translocated into their specific target organelles with the help of N-terminal transit peptides. In most instances these transit peptides are monospecific, but a group of proteins carries ambiguous transit peptides enabling their translocation into both, mitochondria and plastids (dual targeting). The two main objectives of our group are (i) to determine the functional relevance of dual targeting and (ii) to analyse the evolution of these ambiguous transit peptides within the eukaryotic kingdom1. Previously, we identified a set of dually targeted proteins from the model system Arabidopsis thaliana and we found a remarkably high frequency of dual targeting2. Interestingly, these proteins use the same transport pathways that are described for 'typical' monospecific proteins. Out of these proteins we have selected several candidates for detailed analyses. By using different methods, such as in vivo transient and stable transformation assays as well as in organello protein import, we analysed the targeting behaviour of such nuclear encoded organelle proteins. Here, we present that only a subset of the proteins display a similar behaviour in all assays, while others show differing degrees of accumulation in one organelle or the other, depending on the assay system. With regard to the second topic, our data support the assumption that transit peptides of mitochondrial proteins from plants are Abstract book
Page 33
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
exposed to an increased demand of specificity compared to non-plant proteins, suggesting that dual targeting is an evolutionary remnant of the development of transit peptides of both endosymbiotic organelles. 1. Staiger et al., (2009) Diversity in degrees of freedom of mitochondrial transit peptides. Molecular biology and evolution 26(8):1773-17. 2. Baudisch et al., (2014) The exception proves the rule? Dual targeting of nuclear‐encoded proteins into endosymbiotic organelles. New Phytologist 201(1):80-90.
Effect of timing and level of leaf removal on vine yield and quality in Shesh i zi, Shesh i bardhe and Kallmet cultivars. ORNELA BOÇOVA1*, MIRELA LIKA (ÇEKANI) 2, ADHURIM LAZAJ1 1 Agriculture Technology Transfer Centre, Vlore. Albania; 2University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
Crop thinning is a practice used to achieve yield and quality goals and allows the grower to modify vine balance (fruit to vegetative growth). Leaf thinning in the cluster area is a consolidated practice for the improvement of yield components. In the climatic conditions of our country, leave removal is usually done from fruit set to veraison. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of leaf removal on plant physiological processes, yield and qualitative characteristics, on bunch rot (Botrytis cinerea), as well as determine the optimal timing in Shesh i zi, Shesh i bardhe and Kallmet native vine varieties. This study was conducted at the national grapevine collection held at the Agricultural Technology Transfer Centre of Vlore. The experimental design was the application of diffferent levels of leave thinning at different timing, in a randomised block design, with three repetitions. Data were collected for the following indicators: total surface area of leaves removed and theirrate to production, plant development and vigor, cluster and berry weight, yield per plant, macrostructural production elements, etc. Results of the first year have shown that the operation influences the physiological processes of plant differentially, expressed in yield components of the three cultivars. Leaf removal before flowering, resulted in the highest values of leaf surface removed in relation to the total leaf area. The remaining leaves were also younger which consume more than they supply the plant with nutrients. This caused the effect of reducing the weight of berries and clusters, and consequently the amount of production due to the reduction of nutrients during bloom and fertility of flowers. In Shesh i zi and Shesh i bardhe, who have thick canopy, leave removal in combination with cluster thinning, reduced bunch rot. Indicators of sugar content and acidity measured at the moment of harvest did not show significant differences between variants of the three varieties. Keywords: Leaf removal, timing, yield components, native vine cultivars
Abstract book
Page 34
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Identification of microRNA in bovine corpus luteumduring early luteal phase by small-RNA-Sequencing RREZE GECAJ1*, CORINA SCHANZENBACH2, PFAFFL W. MICHAEL3, BAJRAM BERISHA1, 3) 1 Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Pristina, Kosovo. Rr. George Bush, n.n.,10000; 2Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich. Universitätstrasse 16, 8092Zürich, Switzerland; 3 Department of Animal Physiology & Immunology, Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich. Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany *E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
The ovarian corpus luteum (CL) is an endocrine structure that exhibits periodical growth, functionalization and regression. The early CL development is critical and tightly controlled at the transcription level by endocrine and paracrine signals. In addition, a group of post-transcriptionally active and non-coding nucleic acids known as microRNA (miRNA) can regulate the early CL development. However, the identification of miRNAs expressed during early CL development is not well addressed. This study aims at profiling the expression of miRNA in bovine CL during early luteal development by comparing three different timely defined CL classes (days). There for the corpora lutea were assigned in three groups spanning theearly cycle (C1: d 1-2, C3: d 3-4 and C5: d 5-7). A total of 9 corpora lutea from individual animals were included in the study, three corpora lutea for each group. MiRNAs population was profiled using small RNA next-generation sequencing and biologically significant miRNAs were evaluated for their differential expression using the DESeq2methodology. We identified: bta-miR-21-5p, -143, let-7i, -202, -148a, let-7f, -10b, -3600, -99a-5p and bta-let7a-5p as the top-10 most abundantly expressed miRNAs in all three analyzed CL classes. Further, bta-mir-132, -221, -30b-5p and -210 were significantly regulated in the C1 vs. C5, whereas in C1 vs. C3 only a trend in regulation was observed. These data confirm that miRNAs are highly abundant in CL during early development and potentially regulate the CL function at this stage of the estrous cycle.
Keywords. Bovine, Corpus luteum, microRNA, RNA Seq, Oestrous cycle
Viral diseases in the most widespread Ballkanik varieties of grapes in Kosovo LUMTA DIDA1, DHURATA SHEHU2, ARBEN MEHMETI1, THANAS RUCI2 1 University of Prishtina, Faculty of Agriculture, Kosovo; 2Plant protection department, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] Grape cultivation in Kosovo has thousands of years tradition, referring to the climate and geographical position that is favorable for the cultivation of fresh table garpes and wine grapes. This study was conducted in several farms in Rahovec, Suhareka and Prizren municipalities where viniculture is developed. In these areas where collected sampled of varieties: Afuzali, Demirkapi, Groqanka, Melnik, Pllovdin, Prokupe, Smedereve, Vranac and Zhillavk. In Rahovec a total of 155 samples were taken, followed by the area of Suhareka with 90 samples and Prizren with a total 55 samles. In August (2014) is made labeling of samples and observation of symptoms, in January (2015) was made sample collection while in April (2015) all samples was tested with ELISA method. All samples (300) were tested for seven viruses: Nepoviruses: (GFLV, ArMV), Closterovirus: (GLRaV-2), Ampeloviruses: (GLRaV-1, GLRaV-3), Vitivirus: (GVB) dhe Vitivirus: (GVA). According to the results of the ELISA test, GLRaV-3 is the most common virus with (13.3%). The second most common is GLRaV-1 with (8%), followed by GVA (7.3%). Regarding GFLV (2.3%) and ArMV (1%) were detected with Abstract book
Page 35
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
very low incidence. None of the samples tested did not give a positive reaction to GLRaV -2 and GVB. Regarding the distribution of viruses based on regionalization, from 125 samples taken in Orahovac, 44% have come up with a positive result, from 95 samples in Suhareka 38 are infected, and from 40 samples in Prizren only 1% are infected. Keywords: Test ELISA, Nepoviruse, Closterovirus, Ampeloviruses, Vitivirus.
Photosynthesis and plant performance RALF BERND KLÖSGEN Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology-Plant Physiology, Halle (Saale), Germany E-mail:
[email protected]
Essentially all organic material on earth originates from photosynthesis. Thus, as fundamental photosynthetic producers, plants provide since millenia the economic basis for food and feed. Furthermore, they are the origin of numerous complex secondary metabolites used for modern medicinal purposes, as well as of biomass and raw materials for many industrial applications. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying fundamental plant functions like photosythesis is an important prerequisite for our continued efforts to utilize and improve plants for human benefit. In this lecture, an overview of the general principles of photosynthetic processes will be presented which have an immediate impact on plant performance, like the biogenesis of the photosynthetic machinery, regulatory mechanisms of photosynthetic adaptation, the suitability of particular model systems, and evolutionary aspects. This should provide a basis for the subsequent presentations within this session which address different specific aspects of photosynthesis and plant performance.
Impact of agriculture and urban development on water resources ROZA ALLABASHI University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria E-mail:
[email protected]
Water resources are under increasing pressure. Population growth, urbanisation and the increase in water consumption for domestic uses, agriculture and industry have significantly heightened water consumption. Climate change exacerbates the problem. This development leads to water scarcity and conflicts worldwide and seriously undermines progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals. “Agriculture, the largest user and a major polluter of water, is also highly water dependent and increasingly subject to water risks” (OECD, 2016) The quality of water used in agriculture is extremely important for agriculture success. Poor water quality - high salt or pollutant concentrations, resultson high plant stress and decreased crop yields. On the other hand agricultural practices may also have negative impacts on water quality. Improper agricultural methods may elevate concentrations of nutrients(as a result of fertiliser application), Abstract book
Page 36
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
biological contamination, sediment loads and other chemicals (e.g. pesticides). Increased nutrient loading can lead to eutrophication of water bodies, which may eventually damage aquatic ecosystems and can be greatly accelerated byhuman activities.Increased sediment loads make drinking water treatment more difficult while also affecting fish and macroinvertebrates.Along with nutrients, the main chemical pollutants fromagriculture are organic compounds (including pesticides suchas herbicides, insecticides and fungicides). The effects ofthese types of chemicals are complex and sometimes theirdegradation products can also be very harmful to aquatic life. There is also concernabout pharmaceuticals from veterinary medicines enteringwatercourses and their impacts on ecological processes. Stormwater runoff from urban and rural areas often contains a large variety of pollutants,as sediment, nitrogen, phosphorus, bacteria, oil and grease, pesticides,heavy metals, polyromantic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which can cause significant degradation of receiving water bodies. These problems are recognised, butis their interdependence recognised, or we continue to deal with them in a sectoral manner? This will be the focus of this presentation, going more in detail on the requirements and legislation regarding quality of water for use in agriculture and protection ofwater resources, as well as discussion of identified challenges and possible solutions. References: CORCORAN, E. (Editor); NELLEMANN, C. (Editor); BAKER, E. (Editor); BOS, R. (Editor); OSBORN, D. (Editor); SAVELLI, H. (Editor) (2010): Sick Water? The central role of wastewater management in sustainable development. A Rapid Response Assessment. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the Community action in the field of water policy. European Parliament& Council, 2000
The state of environmental quality and soil resources in Albania ROLAND ҪELA 1, FATBARDH SALLAKU2*, SEIT SHALLARI2, ILIR KRISTO2, SULEJMAN SULÇE2 Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana E-mail:
[email protected]
In this space of 25 years, Albania has moved from being a predominately rural society to one where the majority of populations now live in urban areas. This population movement fuelled the rapid urban development and at the same time has led to absentee landownership in rural areas. Environmental changes are linked to land reform. Conversion of agricultural land to residential plots has increased in Albania as a consequence of land privatization and decentralization. Albania is relatively well endowed with natural resources and abundant rainfall. About 36% of Albania is covered by forest, 24% is arable and 15 % is meadows and pastures. Albania mineral resources include chrome, nickel, copper, bauxite and smaller quantities of oil and coal. Hydropower contributes with more than 90% of electricity and much of the hydropower potential is untapped. The potential for tourism is large given Albania’s coast, beaches, mountains, cultural heritage etc. Albania ranks among countries with the largest water potentials in Europe, and has great Abstract book
Page 37
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
potential for water use in agriculture. Fishery resources including aquaculture are relatively small but locally important. The key environmental problems are water pollution, air pollution, land degradation/soil erosion, and biodiversity losses (not in order of priority). Disaster risks and climate variability and change pose other threats to Albania. In a regional context Albania is particularly sensitive to climate change with modified rain patterns and extreme weather events due to its high reliance on hydropower and large population in sensitive low lying areas. Agrarian transformations have been paralleled by profound environmental changes. Environmental changes associated with agriculture have not been uniform. Rural environmental problems have become aggravated in some regions and relieved in others. Case study research suggests that environmental changes are linked to land reform. For example, conversion of agricultural land to residential plots has increased in Albania as a consequence of land privatization and decentralization, reducing the habitats favorable to a rare orchid species. The main objective of the proposed paper is to identify the relationship between land reforms, land tenure, and land use in the environmental impact in Albania during last decade. The paper provides a conceptual framework for understanding the relationship between land tenure, land use and land reform in the environmental impact in Albania during the post socialist period. A systems approach is used to describe land use changes in Albania, addressing the complex and dynamic nature of the relationships among the subject matter areas. Our examination of land reform, land tenure and land use in Albania is informed by the property concept as elaborated by F. Benda-Beckmann and K. Benda-Beckmann (1999). The authors define property as being about social relationships between persons with respect to goods of material and symbolic value. Analysis of property relationships therefore includes attention to various kinds of social actors recognized to take part in property relationships; material and cultural goods considered as valuable; and, different types of relationships, often expressed in terms of rights and obligations.
Populations’ dynamics of carp (C.carpio) and bleak (A.scoranca) in Shkodra Lake. VALBONA KOLANECI*, BLERTA DERVISHI, ELVIS KAMBERI Department of Aquaculture and Fishery, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
Carp and bleak are the two main fishery targeted species in Shkodra Lake. This study aimed to estimate the population status of carp and bleak by using some biological factors as length-weight relationship, condition factor, growth parameters and growth performance, as well as the mortality. The samplings of carp and bleak were made by catch from the local commercial fishery of the Albanian side of the Lake. The growth parameters for carp and bleak were respectively: K=0.58 yr-1, L∞=105.53 cm and K=0,62/yr-1; L∞=17.33cm and both species showed an isometric mean growth along the year. Growth performance index were Ø’ = 3.76 for carp and 2,27 for bleak and mortality Z=1.23yr-1 and 1.43/yr-1. Reduction of fishing mortality, especially for immature ages of both species, through a better control of fishery and fishing gear is an immediate measure to be taken by the fishery management authority of the Lake. Keywords: Carp, bleak, Shkodra Lake
Abstract book
Page 38
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Methods for exploring calcium signaling in plants JEANNETTE PFALZ Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology, Dornburgerstr. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany E-mail:
[email protected]
Plants evolved the ability to adapt to varying conditions. To generate responses to environmental changes
external stimuli must be sensed and processed. The cellular integration of stimuli that plants receive and the response to them are mediated by different signaling pathways, many of which implicate calcium ions. Calcium ion (Ca2+) is an important ubiquitous intracellular second messenger whose concentration varies with time. As such it regulates different aspects of plant growth and development.Over the past several years, variousimaging-based techniques have been developed for recording changes in the calcium concentrationsat
whole-plant and single-cell level. The implementation of sensitive Ca2+- reporters have facilitated insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern calcium dynamics. One prominent Ca2+-reporter isaequorin, a proteinthat emits blue light in a dose-dependent manner upon binding free Ca2+. Heterologously expressed in mutagenized plants it is used to conduct genetic screens for Ca2+-signalling components.
Bulgarian contributions to animal welfare KRASIMIRA UZUNOVA1*, MARINA TOSHESKA2, MEHMED HALIL1 1 Agricultural Faculty, BG – 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; 2Veterinary clinic, 7500-Prilep, Macedonia *E-mail:
[email protected]
The present paper investigates some of the most important terms and concepts of behavioral research, animal ethology, existence of pathological animal behavioral activities and animal welfare. It is presented an interesting view of the nature of the term “welfare” and three main aspects of animal husbandry that it covers, also is an introduction of new scientific unit-pathoetology. Much scientific information concerning animal behavior and pathological behavioral activities has become available and it continues to grow rapidly. There is evidence that the behavioral needs and activities of animals are strongly linked with animal welfare. If those needs can be met more adequately, stress will be reduced and productivity will be improved. Ethological parameters seem to be adequate when evaluating animal welfare pointing that identify and assess animal pathological behavioral activities are main markers to ensure their welfare. We used abnormal behaviors as indicators of poor welfare and to confirm the issue that animal welfare assessment has been most closely associated with pathoetology. It is concluded that ultimate causation of pathology should become a major focus in order to reach at valid approaches to animal welfare. Keywords: Welfare, animals, patoethology, analysis, classification
Abstract book
Page 39
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Poster Presentations
Abstract book
Page 40
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
What can we learn from micro-pixe analysis of buckwheat grain? MARJANA REGVAR1*, LEA OROŽEN1, MATEVŽ LIKAR1, PAULA PONGRAC2, KATARINA VOGEL-MIKUŠ1,4, 4 4 4 4 IVAN KREFT3, MARIJAN NEČEMER , MITJA KELEMEN , PRIMOŽ VAVPETIČ , PRIMOŽ PELICON 1
Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Phone: 00386 1 320 33 00; fax 00386 1 257 33 90; 2James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK; 3Nutrition Institute, Tržaška 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;4Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected], Primož.Vavpetič@ijs.si,
[email protected];
[email protected]
The suitability of micro-proton-induced X-ray emission (micro-PIXE) for determination of mineral element composition and their spatial distribution in plant materials is well established. We have questioned the susceptibility of tissue mineral element patterns to changes in environmental factors (organic fertilization, mycorrhizal symbiosis) and their potential for determination of the composition of buckwheat flours. The grains were produced in the field under intensive grain production using commercial organic fertilizer, commercial mycorrhizal inoculum, or none for the control. Mature grains were cut to 2-mm thick slices, frozen in liquid nitrogen, freeze dried and placed between two thin layers of Pioloform foil and analysed using micro-PIXE setup at Jožef Stefan Institute. The concentrations of mineral elements in grain tissues were calculated from numerical matrices and processed using ImageJ. Using hierarchical clustering we demonstrate the susceptibility of mineral element composition to both, mycorrhizal inoculation, and organic fertilization. Using the method described we were able to identify unknown grain tissues and question mineral element composition of resulting commercial flours. Keywords. Grain tissues, element composition, flours, mycorrhiza, organic fertilizer
The impact of short-term exposure to hypoxia on Mediterranean crab Carcinus aestuarii MARSILDA QYLI (MEMAJ)*, VALBONA ALIKO Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana University, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Hypoxia is one of the key threats to most of the marine environment. Although mobile organisms have the potential to avoid the low oxygen conditions, they can suffer indirect and sub lethal impacts as a result. Little is known of how acute hypoxia affects physiology in crustaceans.The present study assesses the effect of hypoxia on the heart rate, hemolymph glucose levels and lysosomal membrane stability on Mediterranean crab Carcinus aestuarii. The adult crabs C.aestuarii, were kept in hypoxic waters for 24 hours. Hypoxic conditions (50-60 mm Hg O2) were induced by allowing the crabs to consume their oxygen supply. The hemolymph glucose levels, the heart rate and neutral red retention time (NRRT) as a biomarker of lysosomal membrane stability have been assayed in both treatment (intact and eyestalk-ablated animals) and control groups. The hemolymph glucose level in intact animals were significantly increased (from 38.2 ± 3.2 to 141.2 ± 15.8 mg/dL, F=9.984, df =1, 11, p=0.010 so p<0.05), while in eyestalk-ablated animals has been slightly decreased (from 27±2.4 to 24±1.8 mg/dL, F=0.993, df=1, 10, p=0.343 so p>0.05). Heart rate were significantly increased by 30% in treatment Abstract book
Page 41
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
group after exposure to hypoxic water for 2 hours. NRRT has been significantly reduced in treatment group (from 120±25.2 to 42.3±11.4 min, p<0.05) after exposure to hypoxia. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding how environmental disturbances modify the physiological stress responses of crustaceans to survival hypoxia. Quantifying the relationship between physiological responses and environmental stressors, is crucial for developing mechanistic models that can predict how changes in disturbances over time in coastal ecosystems will impact ecological processes, particularly in the context of global climate change. Keywords: Hypoxia, crustacean hyperglycemic hormone(CHH), hemolymph glucose, heart rate, lysosomal membrane stability
The assesment of allergy in the children ANDREJEVA GOLLOSHI*, GËZIM KAPIDANI, MIRELA LIKA (ÇEKANI) Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Scinces, Tirana University, “Bulevardi Zogu i Parë”, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
For more than 50 years, many children with allergies and other forms of dietary protein intolerance have been treated successfully with protein hydrolysates with highly reduced allergenicity and, more recently, also with products based on amino acid mixtures. Food allergies are increasing in prevalence at a higher rate than can be explained by genetic factors, suggesting a role for as yet unidentified environmental factors.The intestinal epithelium forms the interface between the external environment and the mucosal immune system, and emerging data suggest that the interaction between intestinal epithelial cells and mucosal dendritic cells is of particular importance in determining the outcome of immune responses to dietary antigens. After we filled the questionnaires by children, we estimated the level of the eosinophyle and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the blood. We have used the color methods and blood striche to diagnose the eosiniphilia presence. To determine the IgE are used the EIA kits. In this article, we summarize the state of knowledge about the healthy immune response to antigens in the diet and the basis of immune deviation that results in IgE sensitization and allergic reactivity to foods. The IgE level is so high and at the same of time and the level of eosynophiles is high in each case of food allergy in children. After collecting the questionnaire data were processed and resulted positive 6.2% (56 cases out of 900 cases in total). Individuals who were allergic to different foods, the serum that was tested by ELISA to see the levels of the total IgE. 7% of the total positive cases have 165-175 UI/ml IgE level, at intervals of IgE from 176 to 186 UI/ml resulted 21% positive cases, at intervals of IgE from 187 to 197 UI/ml, resulted 34% positive cases, and in the intervals of IgE 197-207 UI/ml, resulted positive to food allergy 38% of the cases. In cases positive for allergy to food, we studied the level of eusinofileve. Eosinofileve level has shown that in all cases their allergies have increased, indicating that higher eosinofilia is one of the main parameters of allergies caused by food. In almost all cases of children who are allergic to different foods,it has increased levels of IgE, which otherwise is called allergic immunoglobulin, and increased eosinofileve as polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which emit their promotion contents granules that helps shown of allergic signs. Certain syndromes occur in children or individuals who are allergic to different foods, fruits or vegetables either. Keywords: Immune response; food allergy; immunglobulin; antigen
Abstract book
Page 42
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Some phytoregulators to increase the fertility of the olive flowers HAIRI ISMAILI1*, AIDA DERVISHI2, PETRIT CAKIRRI3, 1 Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania Gene Bank, Tirana Albania; 2University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Tirana Albanie; 3Olive Experimental Station, Peze e Vogel, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
This research investigated the flower abortion characteristics in the Kushan olive variety (Olea europaea L.). This local variety shows forced sterility, ovarian abnormalities and cytogenetic causes in the formation of pollen and the division of chromosomes. The method consisted in the application of four stimulants, as a foliar spray in early blooming of 15 years old olive trees, grown in Pajon of Tirana. The stimulants treatments were done in three trees per treatment as follows: (i) BA 200 ppm, (ii) GA3 200 ppm, (iii) TIBA 200 ppm, (iv) Borax 3g/l (v) Control, water treatment. The flowers abortion resulted statistically different. In the trees sprayed with water as control group, 32% of flowers were fertile. An increase of 7% in fertile flowers was observed in the BA treated trees in comparison of control group. TIBA application increased the fertile flowers percentage in the same level as boric acid, while the application of GA3 resulted in 11% fertile flowers more than control group. The main axis of flowers, has an average length of 19 cm, and the mean number of flowers was 15.24, out of which 6.6% were in the first (R-I), 64.2% in the second (R-II), and 29.2% in the third (R-III) order. In each treatment carried out, the fertility of flowers was higher in the second order. In conclusion, the ovarian abortion of flowers in the Kushan cultivar depends not only on the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the flower but also on the physiological processes during floral maturation. Keywords: Flower; abortion; olea europaea; variety; cultivar; treatment
Biodiversity effect in ecotourism INA VEJSIU1, MERITA STAFASANI2 1 Forest Department, Faculty Of Forest Science, Agriculture University of Tirana, Albania; 2Chemistry Department, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Agriculture University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
In the last years, Albania attempted to change his legislation, making possible approach to the European Union standards. A sector which our country push his attention has been the environment sector and in particularly the biodiversity protection. In this reason the government has made several efforts on making policies in the development and management of the Protected Areas and National Parks. The tourism sector an especially ecotourism are manly new industries in the Republic of Albania. The Biodiversity is an attraction for the tourists who visit these specific areas, but is necessary to create touristic guide specialized in this sector and especially in the endemic and sub endemic species. Ecotourism sector development makes pressure in the biodiversity and therefore it requires a qualitative management because besides the economic benefits it constitutes an ongoing threat to the biodiversity in general. Keywords: Biodiversity, ecotourism, protected areas, strategy
Abstract book
Page 43
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Role of Bio-nutrient Herbagreen on qualitative parameters of cereal crops (wheat and corn) DOLOREZA PRIFTI¹*, ARDIAN MAÇI² ¹University “Fan. S. Noli”, Korçë; ²Department of Agro-environment & Ecology, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
The aim of the study was to provide evidence and proof of the positive effects of Bio-Nutrient Herbagreen applying on cereal crops in Albanian agriculture conditions. This bio-nutrient fertilizer is produced through nanotechnology, which is one of the relevant innovations not only in agriculture, but also in other scientific fields such as biotechnology, medicine etc. Herbagreen nano-particles are able to directly penetrate plants after being applied; thus becoming immediately part of the plants lifecycle and metabolism. This is due to the new nano- and micro-dimensions of the grinded particles after being treated through TMAC (Tribo-Mechanical Activation of Calcite). This technology does not interfere with the mineral initial composition. It simply grinds the mineral particles in nano-dimensions and by so doing increases sensibly their contact surface. About the methodology, proteins were measured via the classic method with the Kjeldahl apparatus. The gluten content was calculated using the following formula:
where: G-% of glutein
content, g -glutein weight in grams, p -flour weight in grams. Based on the results of experiments on the selected crops, corn and wheat, it was noticed that Herbagreen fertilizer increased the gluten values in wheat. Regarding the percentage values of proteins and lipids it was noted that the values of the treated plots with Herbagreen had the same values of the plots treated with the maximal dosage of chemical fertilizers. It was also assumed by the conclusions, that using of the Herbagreen fertilizer could avoid or reduce the soil and waters contamination caused by only traditional mineral fertilizers use. Keywords: Bio-nutrient, nanotechnology, Herbagreen, gluten, proteins, cereal
Heavy metals assessment in the macrophytes of Viroi Lake MARSELA ALIKAJ1*, FERDI BRAHUSHI 2 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University “Eqrem Çabej”, Gjirokastra, Albania; 2Department of Agro Environment and Ecology, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Macrophytes are considered as important component of the aquatic ecosystem since they serve as food source for aquatic invertebrates and can act as efficient accumulator of heavy metals. Current study assesses heavy metals in the sediments and macrophytes of the Viroi lake in Gjirokastra district (south of Albania) in order to find out their possible relationships. Heavy metals like Fe, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cu, Cd and Pb were analyzed in sediments and in dominant macrophytes of the lake. Contamination factors (CF) and degree of contamination (Cdeg) of the sediments with heavy metals were calculated. Obtained data showed that concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments were in following order Fe>Ni>Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd; and these sediments results with low or moderate contamination. The aquatic plants of the lake were not equally effective on removing of heavy Abstract book
Page 44
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
metals. The concentrations of heavy metals in water plants were higher than the values of WHO standard. Furthermore, by using bioconcentration factor (BCF), were indentified aquatic plants as “accumulator” of heavy metals. Keywords: Macrophyte, water, heavy metal, contamination factor, bioconcentration factor
Influence of environment on yield structure characteristics and grain yield of peas grown in South-Central Bulgaria T. ZHELYAZKOVA*, D. PAVLOV, M. GERDZHIKOVA Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria *E-mail:
[email protected]
Pea is avaluable leguminous crop essential for the balanced nutrition of men and animals. The aim of study was to establish the relationship between yield and yield characteristics of grain legumes spring pea (Pisum sativum) and wintering pea (Pisum arvense) and weather conditions on the South-Central Bulgaria and determine to what extent the weather conditions had an impact on peas yield. The survey was conducted during 2004–2013 in the experimental base of the Plant Growing Department at Trakia University, Stara Zagora. The experiment was conducted by the block method in 4 repetitions. The plants were grown according to the conventional technology. Results obtained for the grain yield and structure components were statistically processed by ANOVA and regression equations among the yield and climatic parameters were developed. It was established that in the environment conditions of Bulgaria P. sativum were the most productive. Good correlations were found between themorphological characteristics. Intеrpopulation variation (94.48–99.90%) of the grain yield and yield characteristics was significantly higher compared to the intrapopulation. The values of the yield and yield structure characteristics were determined to a great extent by climatic parameters. Regression equations were developed on this base, which allows preliminary assessment of peas grain productivity with approximate accuracy for practical purposes. Studies to determine the effect of pea variety and year showed that the variety had highest influence on the yield characteristics and climatic conditions over the years as factor had the strongest impact on the productivity (98.67% of the total variation). Keywords: Equations, peas, climatic conditions, yield, morfological characteristics
Risk assessment of potential and actual soil erosion ot the territory of Albania via System Geographical Information (GIS) and its combination of technology assessment according to Corine Land Cover AZEM BARDHI1* ,GRAMOZ RAMOLLARI 2. 1 Department of Climate and Environment, Institute of Geosciences, Energy, Water and Environment, Polytechnic University, Tirana. Albania; 2Technology Transfer Center of Agricultural Fush Kruje, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
This paper presents soil erosion situation, is based on the study of erosion as one of the most widespread forms of physical degradation of the soil. It focuses on several factors, natural and anthropogenic most significant impact on this phenomenon, as texture of the soil, precipitation and their intensity, the degree and length of Abstract book
Page 45
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
slopes As well as, through their environment analysis from a GIS program, gives a spatial distribution and the values of this phenomenon for the Albanian territory. The results are reflected in the creation of two maps with a scale of 1: 200 000, which shows a spatial distribution of the values of current and potential erosion based on a predetermined scale evaluation according to the project methodology. This methodology combines in an innovative way the study of traditional elements that affect the erosion phenomenon with a new element; - the coverage of land under the CORINE program. Maps clearly show areas where erosion is presented at low levels and "hot - spots" where the situation is more problematic.
Comparison of electrochemiluminescence and elisa techniques for toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus diagnosis in pregnant women BLERTA LAZE1, ARTA LUGAJ1, ANILA MITRE2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University “Ismail Qemali”, Vlora, Albania; 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected] 1
Aim of investigation: Comparison of an electrochemiluminescence technique (ECL, applied in Cobas 6000 instrument) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, applied in CHORUS instrument) for early diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii and cytomegalovirus infections in pregnant women. Medical diagnostic is working to determine the most sensitive techniques required for diagnosis of these pathogens, in the framework of which is developed this scientific work. This is very important due to their multiple fetal infections during pregnancy. Methods: ECL and ELISA techniques are used to detect anti-toxoplasma IgM and anti-cytomegalovirus IgM antibodies in pregnant women, during the first trimester of pregnancy. 200 samples were analyzed with both techniques and sensitivity and specificity are evaluated for each of them. Results: ECL technique has resulted in higher sensitivity and specificity (98%-100%), while ELISA (CHORUS) technique has resulted in lower sensitivity and specificity (86.7%-97.3%). Conclusion: Analysis of the results confirmed the usefulness of ECL technique for early diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii and cytomegalovirus infections in pregnant women. Anyway, for diagnostic purposes, the results should always be assessed in conjuction with the patient’s medical history and other clinical examinations. Keywords: Electrochemiluminescence, ELISA, Cytomegalovirus, Toxoplasma gondii, sensitivity, specificity
Pollution of potato and cabbage samples in contaminated soils of Kosova KALTRINA JUSUFI1*, MAJLINDA VASJARI2, BARDHA KORÇA1 AND ERALDA DANO2 1 University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, Department of Chemistry, str. “Nëna Tereze” nr. 5, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo; 2University of Tirana, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Life as we know it today would be very different without electricity. But living turned out to be more challenging for the environment and more “expensive” when fossil fuels began to be used as the electricity Abstract book
Page 46
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
producer. Power plants that use coal as an electricity generator can emit an enormous pollution that human and other living organisms can suffer from the consequences. According to the food and agriculture organization of the United Nations, production of potatoes in 2013 was about 368 million tons, while cabbage for 2011 was almost 69 million metric tons. Kosovo is known as a place that cultivates both vegetables; potatoes and cabbage for domestic purposes and for regional supplies. For our study we collected the potato and cabbage samples growing in farmland area around Kosovo power plants. Food samples were first dried at room temperature, milled and treated in the microwave system with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Measurements of heavy metals were done by using ICP-OES technique. From the results obtained we can conclude that we are dealing with an average contamination of food: potato and cabbage samples, near the areas where the ashes and wastes of power plants of Kosova were deposited. Keywords: Pollution, food, heavy metals, ICP-OES
Fusarium infection degree and agrobiological properties of soft - wheat cultivars DORINA BELI1*, ARTIONA LAZE1, VJOLLCA GJINI2, MIMOZA MUKAJ3, SKENDER VARAKU4 1* Agriculture University of Tirana, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food, Kamez, Tirane, Albania; 2The transfer Center of the Agriculture Technology, Lushnje, Albania; 3Albanian General Directorate of Customs, Tirane, Albania; 4Agriculture University of Tirana, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Kamez, Tirane, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat caused by Fusarium spp is one of the most widespread diseases in Albania which can cause significant yield losses if weather conditions are favorable (high humidity and temperatures above 24 degrees Celsius). This study was conducted to determine the influence of Fusarium Head Blight index (Imc) on the quality of wheat grain . It was analyzed : thousand kernel weight, crude protein content, wet gluten, ash content and k-sds sedimentation in relation with disease index and internal infection on 13 winter wheat cultivars grown during the year 2015-2016 on experimental fields of Agriculture Technology Transfer Center ( ATTC) Lushnja. Analysis of variance revealed significant variabilities on total proteins, k-sds and disease index(imc) evaluating the susceptibility and the resistance
of wheat cultivars against FHB. The
statistical evaluation showed that there exists medium negative correlation between thousand kernel weight and disease Index (Imc) (r = -0.67). Key words: Fusarium Head blight, wheat, disease index, proteins, gluten
In vitro micropropagation of two potato Solanum tuberosum cultivars DORIANA (BODE) XHULAJ Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Agriculture University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
In vitro micropropagation is an alternative to conventional (vegetative) propagation of potatoes whereas aseptically meristem cultures were used which gave pathogen free plants. Different sterilization protocols were used for disinfecting the isolates potato sprouts from two potato genotypes named Excuisita and Bergerac. After 35-40 days of culture shoot height, number of shoots per explants, number of roots and root length, were Abstract book
Page 47
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
measured. It was found that the suitable sterilization protocol giving high percentages of survived individuals was that of 1% HgCl2. The sterilized sprouts were cut to isolate apical meristems which were cultured on shoot induction medium containing solidified MS medium with vitamins and exogenous plant growth regulators and incubated at optimized culture conditions in room culture. The cultivar Bergerac showed greater ability for in vitro propagation with 6.3 shoots per explants but Excuisita plantlets presented higher shoot length (72.5 mm). The aim of the study was the presentation of suitable protocol for in vitro induction of potato plantlets stocks free of pathogens. Keywords: In vitro, meristem cultures, genotypes, MS medium, shoot length
Quercetin extracted from onion skin is an effcient green inhibitor against the corrosion of metals JOLDA ZOTAJ1, ARLINDA ҪAÇI 1, KRENAIDA TARE1, JOANA KOKALARI2, ALKETA LAME1, EFROSINI KOKALARI (TELI)1* 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences Tirana; 2Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Flavonoids are polyphenol substances that are common in many plants and possess a wide spectrum of biological activities. Among them, an important polyphenol compound is quercetin. This compound is contained in red onion 19.93 mg/100g and in yellow onion 13.27 mg/100g. Quercetin has anti-inflammatory, anti-histamine, anti-cancer effects and other biological activities. In recent years quercetin, is proved to be an efficient inhibitor against the corrosion of metals and alloys. Both inorganic and organic synthetized compounds, have a toxic effect upon environment and human lives. A great interest are represented corrosion’s inhibitors, which are extracted from different plants, known as green inhibitors. These compounds are cheap and safety handled to be used as corrosion inhibitors. The extract of quercetin from onion skin, represent a great inhibitive action against the corrosion of metals and alloys in acidic media. Quercetin diglucoside and monoglucoside account for up to 93% of total flavonol content in onion. Quercetin from the onion skin was obtained by alcoholic and water extraction. The extract was stored at 4oC and in the dark. The product of extraction was analyzed with HPLC, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, in order to define it’s chemical structure. Also we defined the yield, density and molecular weight of the product. The product of extraction was quercetin and we propose to use it as corrosion inhibitor. Keywords: Extraction, onion skin, quercetin, corrosion inhibitor
Abstract book
Page 48
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Monitoring of stilbenes (group a-1) on bovine in Kosovo FESTIM REXHEPI1, BIZENA BIJO 2, ALUSH MUSAJ3, VALDET GJINOVCI3, KUJTIM UKA1. 1 Departament of Public Health, Food and Veterinary Agency, Prishtina, Kosovo; 2Department of Veterinary Public Health, Veterinary Medicine Faculty,University of Agriculture, Tirana, Albania; 3Department of Technology, Food Technology Faculty, Public University of Mitrovica, Mitrovica, Kosovo E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected],
[email protected];
[email protected]
The Kosovo Food and Veterinary Agency as competent authority for food safety, drafting and monitoring national plan for residue, in purpose to obtain the owerview of the compliance with the food and feed national law. According Directive 96/22 /EC for the measures on monitoring of the certained substances and their residues in live animals and products of animal origine and national administrative instruction 07/2016 regarding prohibition on the use of stock- farming of certain substances having a hormonal or thyreostatic action and of beta-agonist, Competent Authority monitored implementation plan in compliance whith EU policies for veterinary drugs residues monitoring. The stilbene substances (Group A1-Stilbenes, stilbene derivatives, their salts and esters) which are strictly ban substances for use in animals, that are used for food production. Diethylstilbestrol DES is the main representativ active substance of stilbenes, as syntetic derivates of non steroidal estrogenes. Their possible usage for comercial purposes from farmers, poses a food safety risk. Regarding this publication we are going to present the last three years monitoring to residues in bovines, it were planed to be collected 30 samples, on farm level 15 (urine) respectively in slaughterhouse 15 (meat). In total 30 planed samples, so far were tested 24 samples (80%). Samples were tested in Food and Veterinary Laboratory, by ELISA as rapid test. The final result shows 22 (91.7%) of them have negative detection and 2 (8.3%) resulted suspected in urine matrix on farm level. In this case we concluded for further testing on confirmatory analysis. Keywords: Diethylstilbestrol-DES; Elisa, meat, residues, sample, urine
Investigation of bovine brucellosis outbreak in a dairy cattle farm in Lezha, Albania EDI FERO1, ARLA JUMA2, TONI KIRANDJSKI3*, ROBERT CONNOR3,4, XHELIL KOLECI4 1 Veterinary Directorate of Albania; 2Institute of Food Safety and Veterinary; 3PAZA II expert, 4Veterinary Public Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tirana, Albania * E-mail:
[email protected]
Lezha district was assumed as one of rare district in Albania where bovine brucellosis was not laboratory confirmed. In 2016, a programme that prescribes compulsory screening by bulk milk of all dairy herds with more than 20 animals starts with enforcement. Animals from positive herds on bulk milk should be individually tested and control measures in accordance with Albanian legislation implemented. Positive laboratory result on bovine brucellosis on bulk milk was reported in a farm in village Blinisht in Lezha. The epidemiological investigation revealed that as many as 40 animals were introduced in the farm in September 2015. Abortions in cattle started to occur in December 2015 and continued until September 2016 with a total of 12 abortions. After the positive milk ring test, sera from 49 individual animals were tested using RBPT and confirmed with CFT. Laboratory results on individual animals revealed 30 positive results (60%). Abstract book
Page 49
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
The aim of this study is to describe the active surveillance adopted for the dairy farms in Albania, standard procedures that needs to be adopted for outbreak management and shortcomings identified in this process. Material and method: The bulk milk sample was collected from the dairy farm and analyzed by milk ring test. Individual animals from milk ring test positive farms were tested by Rose Bengal test and positive results were confirmed by complement fixation test. Results: The absence of measures after abortions in the period of almost 10 months resulted in very high within herd prevalence. Lack of animal movement control was identified as a source of infection in the Lezha case, and one of the principle way of introduction of Brucella infection in dairy farms in Albania. Control measures applied in the Lezha case were enforced where all positive reactors were slaughtered including cleaning and disinfection of the premises. Keywords: Disease outbreak, bovine brucellosis, ring milk test, biosecurity, cleaning and disinfection
Financial access for future investments in the Albanian agriculture sector PJERIN SHOSHI1*, ETLEVA DASHI1, NATASHA HODO1, NATALIA VLLAMASI2 1 Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Economics and Agribusiness; 2Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine *E-mail:
[email protected]
The Programme for Agriculture and Rural Development of the Government of Albania, aims to modernize and orient the entire agriculture sector. The sector is supported by different schemes (national and by international donors). The financial tool to implement this Program, is the “Agriculture and Rural Development Investment Fund”. The Albanian agriculture sector is facing multiple difficulties in accessing financing tools for future investments. One of the biggest issues for the Albanian farmers is the impossibility in accessing bank loans. The National Guarantee Fund for Agriculture and Rural Development aims to enhance access to finance for the Albanian agribusinesses through loans for the farmers. The Government of Albania in collaboration with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) are implementing a financing tool which will facilitate the farmers access into loans and will reduce the interest costs by guarantying the banks for most of the loan collateral. The National Guarantee Fund for Agriculture and Rural Development will be implemented in collaboration with 6 (six) Financial Institutions operating in Albania. This Fund will be operating in the framework of the Albanian Programme for Agriculture and Rural Development. The guarantee provided by the Government of Albania and EBRD, enables the PFIs to reduce their collateral requirements. This will create facilities and enable more farmers to access loans and to finance their investments. This article will analyse the future impact of this financial support for the agricultural sector and the enhancement of its competitiveness.
Keywords: The National Guarantee Fund for Agriculture and Rural Development, the Albanian Programme for Agriculture and Rural Development, farmers access to finance, Agribusiness Risk-Sharing Facilities, Technical Assistance
Abstract book
Page 50
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
The statistical analysis of the prevalence of Q fever antibodies in farm animals in Western Macedonia ISMIJE SAITI1, KASTRIOT KORRO2, KRISTAQ BËRXHOLI2 1
Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Study Program of Biology, State University of Tetova, Tetovo, Macedonia; 2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Alabania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
Query or Queensland fever (Q fever) is a bacterial infection affecting a variety of animal species as well as human beings. Q fever is caused by Coxiella burnetii, an obligate, intracellular, rickettsial organism that can survive in a dried condition for extended periods. The aim of study was to examine the prevalence of Q fever antibodies in farm animals (sheep, goats and cows) and determining the statistical trend with descriptive and conclusive statistical methods according to species in five regions in Western Macedonia (Tetovo, Gostivar, Kicevo, Debar and Struga). A total of 1,120 farm animals were examined, of which 178 serums resulted positive, with a scale of 15.89% positivity. Based on species, the infection is widespread in all three species and in every region. The percentage of infection in sheep in the whole region of Western Macedonia is 26.37% - a very high rate compared to that in goats 6.60% or cows 7.50%. The statistical analysis of the data results, prove that there is a connection and similarity among the samples from five regions in terms of the spread of the Q fever infection in farm animals (sheep, goats and cows). The serums were conserved in -30°C and as a serological test was used ELISA IDEXX, which is carried out based on its relevant protocol using purified antigen of C. burnetii. Keywords: Q-fever, Elisa test, antigen, prevalence, farm animals
Effects of temperature on in-vitro produced embryos and larval development of Albanian water frog, Pelophylax shqipericus BLERTA TURANI*, VALBONA ALIKO Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
The temperature is a determining factor for the successful development of the larvae in amphibians. The plasticity during metamorphosis is important especially in populations of amphibians living in Mediterranean climate zones with high temperatures and relatively low precipitations, were the risk of pond desiccation is high. To study the effect of water temperature on the embryonal and larval development of in-vitro reproduced Albanian water frog, Pelophylax shqipericus, two batches of approximately 100±20 eggs (stage 14-16, Gosner) were raised in the laboratory at four different temperature regimes (30C, 170C, 200C and 250C), with 12:12 photoperiod. To follow the process of metamorphosis, three important key events were evaluated: budding of the hind limbs (stage 1), the formation of the anterior (stage 2) and posterior limbs (stage 3), and the reduction and disappearance of the tail (stage 4). Development time and stage were strongly affected by temperature variation. The results showed a lengthening of development time with decreasing temperatures and a better survival rate of P. shqipericus with high temperatures. Values of temperature of 190C-200C resulted to be optimal for larval development, while very low temperatures (t=30C) and very high ones (t=250C) strongly impede larval development. These results demonstrate that temperature is one of the most important factors that Abstract book
Page 51
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
strongly affects the success of embryonic and larval development of P. shqipericus reproduced in-vitro. Since the Albanian water frog, is a native and an endangered species whose known populations are currently in decline, its successful in-vitro reproduction will contribute to conservation of the specimen. Keywords: Pelophylax shqipericus, in vitro reproduction, development, temperature
Biodiversity protection and the development of the new Paskuqan park SHEJLA HASANI1; ZYDI TEQJA1*, LAURA PEDATA2 1 Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania; 2International School of Architecture and Urban Development Policies. Polis University, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Biodiversity conservation is a vital element in keeping alive natural processes. Tirana, being the capital of Albania has developed in a very short period of time, characterized by neglected ecosystems. The idea of the project is to create a different park in topology infrastructure, nature, and technology. The Paskuqan area has lots of elements turning it into real potential as one of the biggest parks in Albania: it is nearby the capital, has the lake, mountains, hills, and connections to other cities. Therefore it may have different functions and possibilities to different activities like: Regional Garden, Arboretum, Flower Garden, and Event’s open Area, Sport Park, Horse Riding, Research Center, etc. This transformation would be a significant development to the quality of life in outskirts of Tirana, marking it a new commitment toward turning neglected areas into new cultural parks. The purpose of our research was to understand the importance of biodiversity protection in Paskuqan area and identifying of some spots which could be used to regenerate the area. This catalyst will serve as a promoter for the regeneration of Paskuqan area. Some important points taken in consideration in the development of the park are: Activate the park; Create opportunities for large-scale recreational activities; Build new roadways to mitigate the impact of the park; Opportunities for waterfront recreation; Create educational opportunities; Create opportunities for art and culture; Demonstrate renewable energy systems; Commercial facilities. Keywords: Biodiversity, park, development
Land cover changes evaluation of Tirana region ENKELEJD LEKAJ; ZYDI TEQJA* Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
For a long time, people have not seen the necessity of measuring the contribution of nature to public health. Increased stress and sedentary lifestyle, levels of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and respiratory diseases, have raised the interest for scientific studies on the relationship between health and nature. The purpose of this study is to analyze the land cover of Tirana Prefecture and its compound categories: agricultural area, artificial surface, forests and semi-natural areas. The main groups of data used in this study are: Maps of land cover for 2006 and 2012; Tirana and its administrative units’ population according to census of 2011; the digital map of the territorial division of the Republic of Albania of 2015. The goal is to create the main independent variables Abstract book
Page 52
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
that can link health data with land cover data. For this purpose, GIS techniques were used. Analysis was performed for all public administrative units of Tirana Prefecture. From land cover analysis for 2006 and 2012 resulted that public administration units Tiranë, Kavajë, Paskuqan, Kamëz, Kashar, Farkë, Krrabë, Rrogozhinë, Bërxullë have lower agricultural area for capita (2,700-1,200,000 m2/1000 inhabitant). The biggest changes in forest surface (decrease of more than 600 m2/1000 inhabitants), during the period 2006 to 2012 have occurred in public administration units of Farkë, Kashar, Paskuqan, Synej, Lekaj, Pezë, Tiranë, Golem, Gosë. These results will be used to study the relationship between nature and public health. They could be used also to orient public policies. Keywords: Land cover, GIS techniques
ABO gene in a family with inherited mutation causes rare blood subgroup A MERITA XHETANI1*, IRENA SEFERI2, SIDORELA SKENDERAJ1, ARBEN METKA2, YANN FICHOU 3, 4 1 University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Blv. Zog I, Tirana, Albania; 2 National Blood Transfusion Center, Str. Lord Bajron, Tirana, Albania; 3Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) – Bretagne, Brest, France; 4Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1078, Brest, France *E-mail:
[email protected]
Discrepancies in blood typing are one of the major reasons in causing transfusion reaction. These discrepancies can be avoided through detailed analysis for the blood typing. In this study, we describe a family carrying a discrepant A allele through three generations; this is the first report of such case in the Albanian population. Proband's blood was analyzed by using commercial antisera for blood grouping. The results of forward (known antisera) and reverse (known antigen) reaction were not complimentary. Samples of blood from the proband and offspring in the next two generation showing subgroups A were collected after serological ABO blood group typing. On these samples, allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), direct sequencing of exon 6 and 7, and allele separation were performed for ABO gene analysis. The ABO PCR-RFLP genotyping results showed a ABO*A205 allele observed in an Aint subgroup. This new A alleles showed a 784G>A base change and 990C>T of intron 6. Through the molecular analysis in this study, serologically unidentified A subgroups were obviously identified and a new allele for our population was reported. Keywords: ABO blood group, genotyping, A subgroups, weak A
Four indigenous tomatoes with genetic and agro-economic values in Northern Albania SOKRAT JANI1* and LIRI MIHO 2 1 Plant Genetic Resources Institute (PGRI), Agricultural University of Tirana (AUT), Albania; 2Department of Agro-Environment and Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, AUT, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller) is being grown in all home gardeners of the Albanian Alps area, mainly for domestic consumption. Increasing the presence of tourists in the area has increased the interest in the vegetable production. Because farmers are supplied with seedlings from areas far from their area, some Abstract book
Page 53
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
cultivars without any scientific documentation are being grown having poor yield and susceptible to various disease and frost damage. Growers are looking for cultivar suitable for the area and to produce local tomato varieties in order to attract consumers to retail farm operations. The existing tomato germplasm from Alps area was characterized morpho-genetically and assessed agro-economically during 2016 at experimental field of PGRI, AUT, to determine the variability among the cultivars. The purpose of the investigation was to document the germplasm for the future and to test production characteristics and their fresh market suitability in Alps area. The comparison was based on yield and growth characters, including plant height (153-198cm), trusses per plant (4.2-8.6) flowers per truss (7.4 -13.4), flowers per plant (31- 95), fruits per truss (4,4- 8,8), number of fruits per plant (18,5-65), fruit size (30,8-65,0 mm), locules per fruit (2-4), and 10 fruits weight (245 -1370 g), found significant variability among cultivars. The investigation indicated that genetic diversity does exist among indigenous cultivars and the germplasm could be utilized for breeding new varieties suitable for the area and identified those that have the potential of fulfilling the specialty market niche. Keywords: Characterization, evaluation, yield and growth characters
Anatomical characteristics of Hyacinthus orientalis L. subsp. orientalis (Asparagaceae) SÜLEYMAN DOĞU1*, MUHİTTİN DİNÇ1, TURAN AKDAĞ 2 1 Department of Biology, Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey; 2Department of Animal and Plants Production, Seydişehir Vocational School, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
Hyacinthus orientalis L. subsp. orientalis is growing in South Anatolia. In this study, distribution map and the anatomical features of H. orientalis L. subsp. orientalis are given. Plant samples were collected from two natural distribution environment in Mersin. For anatomical studies, transverse sections of the scapes, leaves and surface sections of the leaves are studied for the first time. The results show that the leaves are equifacial and amphistomatic with anomocytic stomata. Keywords: Hyacinthus, Anatomy, Turkey
The rehabilitation of irrigation system, as a tool for maintaining and improvement of natural equilibrium of surface waters in Divjaka area RAIMONDA TOTONI (LILO)*, EDLIRA BARAJ Department of Chemistry, FIMIF, Polytechnic University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
At the present, one of the most important objectives of the Albanian Government in the agricultural field is the rehabilitation of existing irrigation/draining schemes in Semani and Drini/Buna rivers. One of the most critical schemes remains that of Divjaka system. The proximity to the Karavasta Lagoon and the intercourse of draining waters within the lagoon body urge the careful management actions to be undertaken on the site. This paper intends to offer a model for integration of actions on the rehabilitation of irrigation system in Divjaka area, in maintaining of the ecological status of surface waters in this region. It aims also to assist in the Abstract book
Page 54
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
improvement of the salinity balance at Karavasta Lagoon, as the main resource of freshwater of the lagoon. Finding the way to furnish the lagoon body with fresh water, without damaging the lagoon water quality and controlling eutrophication phenomena remains a challenge for the project implementation. The authors have considered all available data on lagoon and ground waters quality, data on the types and amounts of fertilizers and pesticides used in the agricultural lands, the land use of the site according Karavasta/Divjaka Management Plan, etc. Based on analyses of such data are given some modest suggestions, how the environmental management tools can use the irrigation and draining water as an instrument to maintain natural status of surface waters in the site and to reduce as much as possible the salinization of ground water by its overexploitation for irrigation purposes. Proposal and application of the proper mitigation measures, implementation of the monitoring program and improvement of the administrative interaction are some of the main tools that will contribute in successful accomplishment of these objectives. Keywords: Irrigation system, eutrophication, salinity balance, Karavasta Lagoon
Serological survey of Crimean-Congo-Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in KolonjeErseke, Albania ARTA LUGAJ1, BLERTA LAZE2, MARC MERTENS3, MARTIN GROSCHUP3, ISOLDE SCHUSTER3, KRISTAQ BËRXHOLI4 1- 2 Department of Biology, “Ismail Qemali” University of Vlora, Albania; 3Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald, Germany; 4 Department of Veterinary Public Health, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Crimean-Congo-Hemorrhagic-Fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis which occurs widely in Africa, Eastern Europe, and Asia within the distribution range of ticks of the genus Hyalomma. The CCHF virus (CCHFV) belongs to the Nairovirus genus (family Bunyaviridae) and causes a severe disease in humans, with a reported mortality rate of 3–30%. The geographic range of CCHFV is the most extensive of the medically significant tick-borne viruses. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of CCHFV among the cattle, sheep and goats in Kolonje-Erseke region of Albania. This survey was carried out in 2013. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of 54 cattles, 29 sheep and 9 goats. The samples were immediately taken to the laboratory and their serum separated by centrifugation with 3500 rpm in 10 minutes. The sera were kept in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, at -20°C until analysis. They were tested with an immunological methods using indirect ELISA at Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute (FLI), Greifswald Germany. Through this technique it was possible to identify CCHFV-specific IgG antibodies in serum samples of infected animals. From this results we had an indication about the prevalence of CCHF infection respectively, 7,4% in cattles, 96,5% in sheep and 88.8% in goats. This study can clearly confirms the presence of Crimean-Congo-Hemorrhagic-Fever Virus (CCHFV) in a high level 64,2% in livestock in KolonjeErseke region of Albania. Keywords: CCHFV, Hyalomma, Indirect ELISA, IgG antibodies, FLI
Abstract book
Page 55
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
The influence of machining process on wood surface roughness HOLTA ÇOTA*, DRITAN AJDINAJ, BESNIK HABIPI Department of Wood Industry; Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
In this research, the effect of different machining processes on wood surface roughness was studied. There were applied three main furniture manufacturing processes, respectively planning, routing and sanding. The sanding process was applied twice, respectively with 100 and 120 grit sandpapers. The study was focused on two main native wood species, beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir (Abies alba Mill.). The specimen samples were sawn with dimensions 90×8×2 cm, with 11% moisture content. For each machine were processed two specimens from each species. Routing process was carried out after planning, as well as sanding. Sanding process with 120 grit paper was conducted after the 100 grit process, respecting so the processing line applied by manufacturing sector. For measurement of surface roughness was applied the direct contact method. This method reproduces the surface profile by means of contact stylus profilometer, making so possible the calculation of arithmetic mean deviation of the profile, maximum two point height of the profile, mean roughness depth and root-meansquare deviation of the profile. The measurements were performed in ten different clear wood points for each specimen. Results showed that fir wood gave the same class of roughness for all machining processes, respectively 8. Regarding to beechwood, planning and routing processes gave the same roughness class, equal with those of fir, while sanding gave a higher class for both numbers of sandpapers, respectively 9. The results obtained present useful information for furniture manufacturing sector, by the cost effective viewpoint. Keywords: Machinig, wood, furniture, surface, roughness class
Influence of induced mutation in beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) MALVINA KODHELAJ, ARJANA YLLI Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Albania E-mail :
[email protected];
[email protected]
Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in our country is considered as one of the main leguminous plants, and represent a high genetic variability and important for agricultural production. The use of induced mutagenesis techniques is one of the most important methods for the creation of new varieties. Besides the economic benefits, induced mutagenesis techniques also play an important role in the study of genetics and plant development. Numerous climatic changes that have occurred in recent years, its production has undergone a significant reduction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the response of bean plants from Shijak variety after treatment of bean materials with physical and chemical mutagens to shorten the time of flowering and green bean connection. Evidence of reduced production of beans has initiated studies to make possible the elimination of these losses in productivity. One of the problems identified is the abortion of flowers of the beans, so the legumes do not survive due to high temperatures and droughts in this period. Bean seeds are irradiated with gamma radiation of Cs-137, with three doses, and are treated with chemical mutagen dES in three different doses and control, and EMS also in three three different doses and control. Results obtained in the first generation of mutant M1 indicate changes compared to control for the both treatments. There were changes in the maturity period for the two gamma rays doses (100 Gy and 150 Gy). On the other hand, the third dose of dES has provided a diversity Abstract book
Page 56
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
of legumes, with bigger seeds and large number of seeds. Changes have been noted in the amount of chlorophyll pigments related to the acceleration of flowering, where the first doses of dES has given more and fast flowers compared to the control. Keywords : Chemical mutagen; chlorophyll pigments, gamma irradiation, Phaseolus vulgaris, mutation
The role of the laboratory work in biology learning MERITA RUMANO1*, DUDE SALLAKU2, ORJADA SHOTI2, FUNDIME OSMANI1 1* Tirana University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania; 2, 3“Skënderbeu” High school, Krujë, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Laboratory work plays a key and very important role in biology education. The biology laboratory is one learning environment in which students develop their understanding of scientific concepts and science inquiry skills. During the laboratory time, students are encouraged to think independently but in the same time to collaborate with each other through team work. This study aims the assessment of the benefits and the impact of the laboratory activities in the process of Biology learning and teaching in four different high schools in Albania, respectively “A.Z. Çajupi”, “Sinan Tafaj” and “Sarina 2002” in Tirana and “Skënderbeu” in Kruja district. During the period of time from 2014 to 2016, we have closely collaborated both with biology teachers and a group of 280 students, in order to understand properly the impact of laboratory work in these processes. We noticed that high school students face many difficulties during the process of learning of some scientific concepts, listed by them during the interviews organized during school time. Biology teachers confirm the student needs and suggest that it could be more effectiveness in biology teaching and learning if the students are given opportunities to manipulate materials and equipment in a proper environment. It would help them to construct their knowledge of different phenomena and related scientific concepts. As a conclusion we can say that high school teachers emphasize the key role and importance of direct experience in the lab. Lab work is essential in the teaching and learning process, but there is a lot to do in this field yet. Keywords: Laboratory work, biology, learning, teaching
Evaluation of knowledge on omega-3 and supplementation and food frequency questionnaire in a group of students MERITA RUMANO1, LEFTERI NIKOLLA2, ELVISA RUMANO3 1* Tirana University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania; 2University hospital “Shefqet Ndroqi”, Tirana, Albania; 3Injada Pharmacy" Tirana *E-mail:
[email protected]
Omega-3 fatty acids and supplementation is essential to human health. Omega-3 fatty acids are associated with many health benefits, such as protection against some diseases, in particular heart diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the current knowledge on omega-3 supplementation in students of different universities in Albania and evaluation of food frequency questionnaire. A group of 735 randomly selected students (volunteers) from different universities in Albania (from Korca, Vlora and Tirana, aged 19-22 years old) were enrolled in the study. The food questionnaire was made available for the students, during student meetings, at Abstract book
Page 57
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
school, between lectures, where all the students had the option to complete the questionnaire. As a result 735 questionnaires were completed and returned from the students, from January 2014 to December 2016. The education level and knowledge (p=0.00, SD=1.61) differed significantly between each of the student groups from different universities. 93.8% of medicine student had heard of omega-3 supplements and overall knowledge of omega-3 was significantly better in this group (p=0.00) when compared to the other group of students, where only 75.5% had heard of omega-3 previously. The main sources of information, 46.2 % was from TV, 37.5% at school, 12.6% was from the health worker and 3.7% from other sources of information. Regarding the total amount of omega-3 intake, it is mainly from plant and animal sources and rarely from seafood sources. Based on the received data, we can provide some recommendations. Recommendations include education and public health programs supplying information to the whole population on omega-3 supplementation, as well as on omega-3 in their diet. Keywords: Omega-3fatty acids, supplement, evaluation, knowledge
The Relationship between Calving Interval and Milk Production of Dairy Cows in Slovak Simmental Cattle JOZEF BUJKO1*, JURAJ CANDRÁK1, PETER STRAPÁK 2, JÚLIUS ŽITNÝ 1, CYRIL HRNČÁR3 1 Department of Genetic and Breeding Biology, 2Department of Animal Husbandry, 3 Department of Poultry Science and Small Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic, * E-mail:
[email protected],
Slovak Simmental cattle are a dual-purpose breed with a good milk and meat production, which belongs to the Simmental type of cattle. The aim this work was evaluated relationship between calving interval and traits of milk production in breeding herds of Slovak Simmental cattle in period 2010- 2015. Data were analysed using the SAS version 9.3.1 and linear model with fixed effects of herd-year-season of calving, sire, number of lactation, and code of milk production by average of milk production. The average of calving interval was 408.57 ± 83.87 days, average of milk production 5 866.46 ± 2 066.61 kg, average of fat production 233.52 ± 83.66 kg and average of protein production 200.4 ± 72.52 kg. The linear model to represent coefficient determination R2 = 0.1962 % (P<0.001) for calving interval with all fixed effects. The analyses by the effect was the highest effect of herd-years-season of calving R2 = 0.0643 %, than effect of sire R2 = 0.0417 %. These effects were statistically high significant (P<0.001). Correlation between milk, fat, protein in kg with calving interval (r=0.01299, r=0.02137, r=-0.00276) were statistically high significant. The results confirm the lower positive relation between calving interval and traits of milk production (milk in kg, fat in kg and protein in kg) in breeding herds of dairy cows of Slovak Simmental cattle. Keywords: Slovak Simmental cattle, breeding herds, dairy cows, calving interval, traits of milk production
Abstract book
Page 58
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Optimizing the thickness of the thermal insulation of buildings roofs in facility for gilts RASKA GEORGIEV1, VANIA DIMOVA1, KRASIMIRA UZUNOVA2*, PLAMENA ATANASOVA1, ANNA KARKELOVA1, MARINA TOSHESKA3 1 Department "Agricultural Engineering", Faculty of Agriculture, University of Thrace, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; 2Department "Animal Husbandry" Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; 3DVM, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lazar Pop Trajkov 5-7, 1000 Skopje * E-mail:
[email protected]
The study aims to determine the optimum thickness of the roof construction of a facility for sows when different fuel for heating are used and various kinds of insulation. The presented methodology helps to determine the annual energy losses through a 1 m2 of roof construction. In analyses are taken into consideration various types of heat insulation as insulating sandwich - panels of plasticized LT-layered tin of thermal insulation with EPS, XPS and mineral wool. Annual cost for heat insulation is calculated as the sum of annual energy costs and depreciation for insulation. The obtained results show that the use of fuel - a dry timber at appropriate thickness of the thermal insulation are: for EPS and mineral wool - 100 mm; for XPS - 80 mm, and when Bobovdol coal is using appropriate thickness of the thermal insulation are: for EPS - 140 mm; for XPS and mineral wool - 100 mm respectively. Keywords: Facility’s roofs, sows, energy losses, annual costs
Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in tissues of apple tree delicious with rootstock mm106 grown in contaminated areas RESMIJE IMERI1*, ENDRIT KULLAJ1, LULZIM MILLAKU2 1 Agriculture University of Tirana, Koder-Kamëz, Tirana, Republic of Albania; 2University of Prishtina, Department of Biology, Republic of Kosovo *E-mail:
[email protected]
The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of heavy metals found in different tissues (fruits, leaf and shoots) of apple tree Delicious with rootstock MM106, grown in contaminated areas (Obiliq) compared with those grown in control area (uncontaminated area). Individual soil samples were collected from each plant to assess metal content in the immediate plant environment. Samples of fruits, leaf, shoots and soil have been analyzed for seven heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, As, Zn, Cu and Fe) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results show that the presence of some heavy metals was significantly higher in plant tissues analyzed from the polluted area compared to tree tissues from the reference area. Metal transfer factors from soil through rootstock MM106 in tissue plant (fruits, leaf, shoots) are found significantly higher (p<0.001). Compared with the control, contents of analyzed metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, Cr and Fe) from plant tissues of apple trees in the contaminated area were significantly higher (p<0.001; p<0.01), usually over normally content for: Pb, Cd, Ni, As, Zn, Cu and Fe. Bioaccumulation factors for heavy metals in fruits showed a trend in the order: Cr > Ni > Fe > Cu > Pb > Zn > Cd; in leaf: Ni > Fe > Cr > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd and in shoots: Fe > Cr > Ni > Zn > Cu > Cd > Pb. This accumulation of heavy metals in apple tree suggests that consumption of fruits from plants grown in mine areas (Obiliq) would pose great risks to humans and wildlife.
Abstract book
Page 59
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Keywords: Heavy metals, rootstock MM106, apple, transfer factor, bioaccumulation factor, fruit consumption safety
Preleminary results on bovine brucellosis survey based on serological tests EDI FERO1, ARLA JUMA 2, TONI KIRANDJSKI 3, ROBERT CONNOR 3, 4, XHELIL KOLECI 4* 1 Veterinary Directorate of Albania; 2Institute of Food Safety and Veterinary; 3PAZA II expert; 4Veterinary Public Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tirana, Albania * E-mail:
[email protected]
Bovine brucellosis is an important bacterial zoonotic disease due by Brucella abortus. It occurs worldwide, and is present in Albania. Cattle are susceptible to B. abortus, B. melitensis and B. suis. In Albania, bovine brucellosis is detected by the active and passive surveillance. In 2016, the active surveillance was focused to a dairy farms with more than 20 animals/farm. Currently, limited data is available on the causal agent of the disease in Albania. The aim of this study is to determine the herd and individual animal prevalence of bovine brucellosis in dairy cattle farms that are bigger than 20 animals. Material and method: The bulk milk samples were collected from dairy farms. The milk samples were analyzed by milk ring test. Individual animals from milk ring test positive farms were tested by Rose Bengal test and positive results were confirmed by complement fixation test. Results: Eleven out of 278 farms were positive in the first monitoring according milk ring test, nine of them were positive in Rose Bengal and complement fixation test. In the second phase, five of 257 dairy farms were positive in Milk Ring Test and subsequent serological tests. In the Milk Ring Test 5.2% farms tested positive, whereas in infected herds 59.3% of cattle were affected by brucellosis. Keywords: Zoonotic disease outbreak, bovine brucellosis, Ring Milk Test
Ascariasis in pigs, diagnose and alternative YLLKA (MIJA) ÇANI1*, BEJO BIZHGA2 1 PhD Candidate, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University, Tirana, Albania; 2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected],
Alternative methods as qualitative and quantitative examinations for the prevalence and parasitic load values of Ascaris suum infection was realized in the stools, nasal secretions, liver and lungs in all pig categories. Epidemiological coproscopy results showed that the most affected category are piglets 0-3 months (90% of heads and average parasitic load 142 e/g/f). Piglets category 3-7 months resulted in 71.9% and average parasitic load 184 e/g/f. Coproscopy examinations are efficient and offer the possibility of epidemiological estimates, while post-mortem examinations in slaughterhouses are efficient, low cost and provide sufficient data for Ascaris suum infection. Post mortem examinations to the slaughterhouse were alternative methods of study. In piglets, we examined nasal and lung secretions for the presence and number of larvae. This method was applied as an alternative examinations method. Especially in piglets became careful clinical observation for signs of Abstract book
Page 60
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
pneumonia and when parasitic pneumonia detected, the nose leaks were examined for the presence and number of larvae. Efficient alternative diagnostic techniques for Ascaris suum infection diagnosis used as comparative testing and are made in all pig farms in all the territory of the country. These methods used and converted into routine techniques to perform qualitative and quantitative diagnosis and other Ascaris suum infection estimates. Keywords. Ascaris suum, infection, pigs, method, estimates
Seed seedling relations in two very distinct Aegilops accessions *VJOLLCA IBRO, MOLTINE PREBIBAJ, ALMA AXHANI Department of Plant Sciences and Technologies, DPST; Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, FAE; Agricultural University of Tirana, AUT *E-mail:
[email protected]
The genus Aegilops includes about 20 identified species. At present it is more and more accepted the idea that different Aegilops, as relatives of wheat, can serve as suitable materials in wheat genetic improvement. This is very important, especially in creating wheat lines or cultivars with high resistance to abiotic stresses and diseases. Researchers of the DPST, for several years continue the ex situ and laboratory evaluations on 24 Aegilops accessions collected in different areas of Albania, in order to evidentate some of their most interesting morpho physiological parameters. The ear weight, seed number, seed weight per ear and 1000 seeds weight for each Aegilops accession included in the experiment, have been evaluated. Beside these, the seeds imbibition potential and seedlings weight, height, leaf area have been evaluated, too. From the results of the numerous data processing, it is concluded that among the Aegilops accessions, included in the study, exist significant differences related their seeds and seedlings biometric parameters. For the most part of the evaluated parameters, the conical ear Aegilops accessions show advantages toward the cylindrical ones. Correlative analysis resulted in significant differences in the coefficients of correlation between seeds and seedlings parameters produced by Aegilops with distinct forms of the ear, respectively conical and cylindrical ones. Key words: Aegilops, conical/ cylindrical ear, imbibition, correlations
Bee-colonies performance evaluation based on the application of two levels Feedbees’ concentration SABAH SENA , LUMTURI SENA*, ANILA HODA Department of Animal Production; Faculty of Agriculture and Environment; Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
The effect of two different feedbee's concentrations application on the bee colonies‘ performance during the spring was observed and studied. For this purpose, in an appiary located in the sorroundings of Tirana, 14 bee colonies were selected, being analogue as far as the strength and Queen’s age is concerned. These colonies were divided into two groups respectively. In the first group (G1) 4% concentration Feedbee was applied throughout the whole period, while in the second group (G2) 10% concentration. The experiment was conducted during a three months period and was divided into two phases respectively by 1,5 months each. In both phases, the number of brooding frames/family and the size of caped brood area/frame and the colony for each group was Abstract book
Page 61
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
measured and evaluated. At the end of the experiment it was concluded that the application of different Feedbees‘ concentration didn’t show any impact on the number of brooding frames. At the end of the first phase, it was concluded that increasing the Feedbee's concentration from 4-10%, stimulated the growth of sealed area with generation to an extent of 41.1%, while at the end of the second phase, only a trend to expand of caped brood area within the group that consumed 10% concentrated Feedbee was observed. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that the appropriate Feedbee's concentration to be applied during the first phase would be 10%, while for the second phase, only 4% concentrated Feedbee can be applied, leading to almost the same results and saving 135lek/bee-colony. Keywords: Feedbee, concentration, bee-colony, capped brood area
Characterization of human CRB gene product by the use of bioinformatic tools VILSON BOZGO, LORENA HYSI, ANILA HODA* Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
Carbonyl reductase is a monomeric, cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the two-electron reduction of a wide range carbonyc compounds. We intend to make a silico analysis of CRB gene in different vertebrate species. The homology is analysed with NCBI BLASTp, a multiple alignment is carried out by Clustal Omega and phylogenetic tree is constructed by Mega 6. CRB protein is highly conserved in the considered species. No transmembrane regions or signal peptides were detected. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that human CRB1 was a cytoplasmatic protein (62.5%). Results showed an entire open reading frame of 887 bp encoding 295 aminoacids. This gene is expressed in different tissues, but is highly expressed in small intestine, liver and colon Keywords: Carbonyl reductase, expression, bioinformatic, in silico clonning
Presence of microplastic in sea surface Albanian Adriatic JERINA KOLITARI1*,GULIELM KROQI1, MAGDALENA CARA1, LAURA GJYLI2 1 Agricultural University of Tirana/Department of Aquaculture & Fishery; 2AleksanderMoisi University of Durres, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Albania is located in the south of the Adriatic Sea. The length of the coastline is 472,3 km with 1403 km2 of territorial waters. The Albanian Coast Is a dynamic, heterogeneous and unique area. 40% of the sea is shallower than 10 m and only 3% are deeper than - 25 m with the maximum depth of - 38 m.The use of sea environment is intensive and versatile. The most important maritime activities in Albania are (marine) tourism, fisheries and maritime transport. The country has four coastal municipalities namely Durres, Lezha, Vlora and Saranda . Each summer come here almost 1,200,000 tourist from abroad. The port of Durres is an important port in Albania. From 2001, the port handled more than 10 million tones of cargo (Port of Durres, 2016). Main sources of littering of the sea environment are from mainland activities: tourism and recreation, river outflows, sewage disposals, landfills near coast, incorrect waste management in coastal cities, industry). In addition to this, marine activities as sea traffic, fishery and Mari culture also contribute its part to the pollution. Thoroughly Abstract book
Page 62
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
45% of all pieces of waste on the coast of Albania are from plastic. Micro plastics are plastic fragments derived from the breakdown of larger plastic debris,we have a lot of input sources. There are several wastewater treatment plants near sea shore in Albania, and a lot of them are channeled directly into waters that flows into the sea, in the river Drin , Buna, Erzeni, Shkumbin, Vjosa.This study is financed from DeFishGear Project included staff of Aquaculture and Fishery Laboratory ,Agricultural University of Tirana. The first aim of this study was to assess for the first time the impact of marine litter in Albanian Adriatic area. This survey was along the Albanian marine coasts, respectively between Drin and Vlora bays during period July 2015 - February 2016. The sampling was conducted according to the recommendations of Defishgear protocol “ Sea surface sampling”, “. The sampling was done in 4 days, on 25th until 28th of January 2015 and 4 days, on 2 until 4th of February 2016 on the beach of Velipoja Shkoder with Manta net. The amount of micro particles found in sea surface samples was in range from 84236 to 264501 particles per km2 (Nr/km2) with minimum abundance on sampling site S1 and maximum abundance on sampling site S5.In average there were 153667 particles per km2 in sea at the coast of Albania on both sampling days in January 2015. When comparing two seasonal samplings, we can observe some differences, e.g. different mass and number, but none of them are significant. The most abundant SMP and LMP samples were filaments, same as in sea surface and river outflow samples. It is interesting that there were no fragments in LMP sample from January 2015, which suggest that there were less sources litter in winter than at the end of the summer, where potential activities happened that polluted sea environment, e.g. tourist and accompanying activities. Keywords: Micro plastics; samples; Manta net; particles; environment
Chara tomentosa as bioindicator of heavy metal pollution in Ohrid Lake ALMA IMERI1*, LIRIKA KUPE1, ALMA SHEHU2, ELISABETH GROSS3, JULIAN SHEHU1 1 Agricultural University of Tirana; 2Faculty of Natural Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry, Anal. Chem. Section, UT; 3Ecotoxicologie Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, Université de Lorraine *E-mail:
[email protected]
We use aquatic plants to analyze the heavy metal pollution of a lake environment, they have a number of advantages over the standard chemical methods of the analysis of metal presence in lakes. The macrophyta Chara tomentosa L., sampled from Lake Ohrid in Machedonian part, has been used as a bio-indicator. It can accumulates metals from water. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Ni, Fe and Pb) was examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer in Ohrid lake samples of two different depth. The experimental results clearly shows that Fe and Ni were the metals found in higher concentration followed by Cr and Cu whilst Pb and Cd were found in low levels. Concentration of all studied metals resulted to be higher in plant species collected at 5 m depth compared to that sampled at 10 m depth ( = 0.05) except for Pb and Cd, which contents did not represent significant variation in different depths ( = 0.05). Chara tomentosa can accumulate heavy metal ions from the sediment as well as from the water were they grow. Keywords: Bioaccumulation, heavy metals, Ohrid lake, Chara tomentosa
Abstract book
Page 63
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Seasonal comparisons of the state of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages from different rocky areas of the Adriatic Sea in Albania STELA RUCI1*, DENADA KASEMI2, SAJMIR BEQIRAJ3 1 Department of plant sciences and technologies, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agriculture University of Tirana, Albania; 2 Departament of Biology, University “Ismail Qemali” Vlorë; 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
This paper represents seasonal comparisons of the characteristics of macrozoobenthic assemblages from the shallow rocky areas of the Adriatic Sea in Albania. Sampling has been carried out in four areas, namely Shën Pjetër, Kallm, Spille and Triport, in Spring, Summer and Autumn 2011, in very shallow water, including the supralittoral, mediolittoral and upper limit of infralittoral. The groups with the highest presence and abundance were mollusks of the families Patellidae, Trochidae, Cerithiidae, Muricidae, Risoiidae and Vermetidae, crustaceans of the families Balanidae, Gamaridae, Grapsidae and Mayidae, as well as the polychaetes Serpulidae. Trochid gastropods had the highest abundance in all sites and in all sampled seasons. Species composition, abundance and their seasonal differences have been analyzed in a comparative way between the four studied areas. A possible important factor influencing the species presence and quantitative characteristics of macrozoobenthic assemblages, as well as their seasonal differences in the studied areas seems to be closely related to the algal cover. Keywords: Macrozoobenthos, rocky coast, hard bottoms, Adriatic Sea, Albania
Growth performance of calves born from Holstein Friesian cows sired by Holstein, Charolais, Belgium Blue, Simmental and A. Angus bulls FIQIRI TAHIRI*, LUAN HAJNO, FATMIRA LEKA(SULAJ) Agricultural Technology Transfer Center, Fushe Kruja, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
Study was carried out at commercial beef farm ”Kazazi”, Kavaja. The objective was to evaluate growth performance of F1 crossbreds. A total of 40 calves (n= 8 heads of each group) was included in experiment. The analysis comprised purebred HF bull calves (control group) and crossbred bull calves (experiment groups) born from crossings: (CH♂ x HF♀); (BB♂xHF♀); (S ♂x HF♀) and (AA♂ x HF♀). Body weights at birth, weaning (84 days) and post-weaning (182; 274; 365 and 450 days) were evaluated. Average daily gains, feed intake and efficiency as well as feed ration costs from birth to weaning, and post weaning (85-182; 183- 274; 275- 365 and 366-450 days) were evaluated. The CH × HF, BB x HF and S x HF F1 crossbreds reached higher body weights (kg) at birth: 42.7±2.87; 40.81±2.51 and 41.6±2.70 (p<0.01; 0.05; 0.05); weaning: 115.10±9.24; 111.75±8.53 and 110.18±7.91 (p<0.05; 0.05; 0.001) and final one: 488.80±24.61; 478.58±46.34 and 459±32.77 (p<0.05; 0.01; 0.05) compared to purebred HF bull calves body weight (kg): at birth 40.22±2.60; weaning 102.48±8.56 and final one 404.28±31.52 respectively. The CH × HF, BB x HF and S x HF F1 crossbreds had higher average daily gains (g): from birth to weaning 862±76; 844±72 and 816±62 (p<0.05; 0.01, 0.05) and weaning to finishing: 993±87; 978±82; and 953±76 (p<0.05; 0.05; p<0.01) compared to purebred HF bull calves daily gains(g): from birth to weaning 741±73 and weaning to finishing 825±64 respectively. AA x HF crossbred bull calves had the lowest body weights(kg) at birth 35.81±2.24 (P<0.05) and higher daily gains(g): from birth to Abstract book
Page 64
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
weaning 781±73 (p<0.01) as well as post weaning 969±58; 948± 59; 846± 61;782± 73 (p<0.05; 0.05; 0.001) compared to purebred HF bull calves live weight(kg): at birth 40.22±2.60 and daily gains (g): from birth to weaning 741±73 as well as post weaning 897±58; 851±71; 810 ± 55; 729±68 respectively. Feed efficiency (gain/feed) for all the period from birth to finishing (0-450 days) for CH × HF, BB x HF, S x HF and AA x HF F1 crossbreds resulted 24.48; 22.41; 19.02 and 11.4% higher than purebred HF bull calves respectively. Average costs of daily feed diets for the periods 0-84 and 366-450 days resulted 20.34 (283.8lek) and 14.51% (270.07 lek) respectively higher than average feed diet cost (235.84 lek) for all the period 0-450 days. As a conclusion: CH × HF, BB x HF, S x HF and AA xHF F1 crossbreds, as a result of heterosis, had growth rate as well as feed efficiency higher than purebred HF bull calves. Keywords: Calf; body weight; gain, feed efficiency
The evaluation of farm's economic effectiveness through the improvement of bookkeeping methods SILVANA DERVISHI1, BAKI DERVISHI² 1 Fund of Compulsory Security Healthcare; 2Centre of Technologies Transfer, Fushë Krujë, Albania
The production of seedlings is an orientation study for all the producers of seedlings vineyard and the fruit’s trees. The aim of this study was to check the implication of different factors for the productions of seedlings and also to consider a low cost production. The study is carried out at one of the most anscient places for the cultivation of the vineyard in Albania. The area where the production of seedlings takes place, is situated in the territory of Ndroq Commune, South-West of Tirana, in which the farmers are producing these seedlings. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of seedlings and to give the nessecary recomandation for costs and analysing other financial indexes. This study will help the seedlings growers in the country and can be used as a model for their work. Keywords: Trees and vineyard, competition, chain, finantial index, costs, imputs
Aquatic flora and ichthyofaunal diversity in upstream of the Vardar River AGIM HAZIRI*, SHEVAL MEMISHI, ENVER ZENKU State University of Tetova, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rr. Ilindenit, 1200 Tetovo, Macedonia *E-mail:
[email protected]
Vardar River is the largest river in the country. Springs on the slopes of Shara, near the village Vërtok, a few kilometers from the town of Gostivar. Upstream of the Vardar River is characterized by a very interesting aquatic flora and ichthyofaun. Aquatic flora is mostly epilit and epfil character. It is represented by mosses and algae. Encountered within Fontinalis antipyretica and Rhynchostegium riparioides. They are represented by algae Cladophora glomerata and species of genus Voucheria sp. In winter and early spring, rocky surfaces upstream of the river, covered with dense populations mikroflorale, mainly by blue green algae (Cyanophyta) and diatom (Bacillariophyta). As the most common kind of gender separated Nitzschia sp., Which encountered Abstract book
Page 65
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
next to the river, mainly as bentosale forms. Ichthyofaun of Vardar River is very rich and is represented by 19 species and subspecies of fish marrow, which can be distinguished: Salmo trutta fario, Salmo macedonicus, Leuciscus cephalus vardarensis, Chondrostoma nasus vardarensis, Cobitis taenia vardarensis, etc. Keywords: River Vardar, aquatic flora, mosses, algae, ichthyofaun, fish
Application of immunohistochemical avidin-biotin complex method (IMHC-ABC) for the identification of Tularemia agent in the tissues of wild hare flesh in FYROM- Macedonia BESNIK ELEZI* and KASTRIOT KORRO Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana E-mail:
[email protected]
The study presents the results achieved from the application of the immunohistochemical avidin-biotin complex method (IMHC-ABC) or the assessment of the risk of the presence of the Tularemia antigen in the flesh of hares haunted by the hunters in some of the regions of Macedonia, the ex-republic of Yugoslavia. The study indicates the method applied in 70 samples taken from the hares killed by the hunters, as well as some samples taken from the restaurants which offer in their menu. The study results with the identification of 4 positive cases with Tularemia from the samples submitted to this check. The check is significant, as it presents a method of assessment of the risk of the meat of the hares with the presence of this zoonotic disease, as well as it exposes a method which has not been applied before for this disease in the region. Key word: Immunohistochemical, avidin-biotin method, tularemia, FYROM-Macedonia, IMHC-ABC
Seroprevalence of Bluetongue virus in some municipalities in Kosovo NUE MARKU1*, KRISTAQ BËRXHOLI1,2, KURTESH SHERIFI3, AGIM REXHEPI3 1 Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kodër Kamëz, Albania; 2Food and Veterinary Agency, 10000, Prishtina, Kosovo; 3University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, Bill Clinton str. 10000, Kosovo *E-mail:
[email protected]
The objective of this study was to describe the seroprevalence of bluetongue virus (BTV) in domestic ruminants in municipalities in Kosovo. Bluetongue is an economically important disease caused by Orbivirus of the Reoviridae family. The outbreaks of diseases in sheep causing severe with typical clinical sign and economical loses and occasionally in cattle occurred in our country. Virus is transmitted between its mammalian hosts by certain species of biting midges (Culicoides spp.). A total of 322 blood samples were collected from 101 ruminant flocks (sheep, cattle and goat) in 27 villages, in four municipalities (Istog, Klinë, Malishevë, Rahovec). Sera were tested with competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA). The results showed 9.0% of positive samples. The highest prevalence of antibodies in serum was in municipality of
Rahovec 19.26%, followed by Malishevë 9.58% and Istog 1.10%, and no positive samples were in Klinë. High Abstract book
Page 66
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
prevalence of BTV antibodies in serum of cattle emphasize that disease has an important role in domestic ruminants, primarily in sheep, causing economic losses in these regions, and probably throughout Kosovo. Keywords: Bluetongue, C-ELISA, Kosovo, seroprevalence, ruminants
Applying the Wischmeier equation to determine the erodibility factor in soils of Albania. PRANVERA MZIU1, BESNIK GJONGECAJ 2*, OLIVER LEKAJ 1 1 Department of Agro-environment and Ecology, Agricultural University of Tirana, Kodër Kamëz, Tirana, Albania; 2Department of Agro-environment and Ecology, Agricultural University of Tirana, Kodër Kamëz, Tirana, Albania * E-mail:
[email protected]
At the centre of this study is the determination of the erodibility factor, which is known as K factor in the Wischmeier universal equation of soil loss. It could be determined experimentally, in local conditions, or by deriving from the factors determining it. Before any determination or any quantifying, it should bear in mind that the erodibility factor is a physical quantity, which depends on the soil physical properties. So, it is an inherent property of soil itself. Experimentally, it can be derived from the Wischmeier universal equation of soil loss by measuring all other factors of the equation, turning it into an equation with one unknown: soil erodibility. In a large scale, soil erodibility would be determined by measuring four factors closely related with the soil physical status: soil texture, soil structure, soil permeability, and soil organic matter. In the presented study, soil erodibility factor was determined in the second way and for the entire country of Albania. About twenty nine experimental plots were used to measure the above mentioned factors determining K factor. The equation used was that of Wischmeier and a mathematical model was created just for doing the right calculations. The K factor was found to be between 0.0137 to 0.441, which means that there is a large variation in Albanian soils according to their behavior towards the erodibility, or finally, towards erosion. Based on the results found, a map is produced, in which, it is clearly indicated the way the soils with various capacity to resist to erosion are spread throughout Albania. The zones characterized by high potential of erosion correspond with the zones where the majority of silt rich soils occur, as the zones with low potential erosion correspond with the zones where the majority of light and heavy soils occur. Keywords: Soil erodibility factor, soil inherent (intrinsic) property, silt rich soils, high potential erosion, soil physical properties
Primula veris L,.Primulaceae their spread and values in Kosovo LAURA BINXHIJA ( QESKA ), ARJANA YLLI Biotechnology department, faculty of natural science, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
Primula veris L., Primulaceae, is found in various regions of Kosovo. It is widespread throughout Central Europe, East Asia and Other. Primula veris is widespread in Kosovo Mountains and hills as well as in sub alpine areas. It is mainly grown in slightly destroyed forests and in open forests which are destroyed. During our work, we have taken samples of Primula veris L., Primulaceae, in an area such is Novo Brdo location, as an Abstract book
Page 67
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
environmentally clean, with no pollution impacts. Also samples of Primula veris L., Primulaceae have been taken in Badovc near Pristina, known as environmentally clean zone. Such selection has been made by analyzing not only the level of flowers elements like Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Zn, but also a number of other indicators. During the analysis of Primula veris L. plant, Primulaceae materials such as soil, flower, stem, root have been collected, obtained by selected areas in Badovc and Novo Berrd, where the study has been conducted. The work consisted in collecting samples and analyzing them and reading in ICP, according to EPA method. 6010C: 2007. In both study areas, Cd has not been met in analyzed soil and plants in any indication. In the area of Novoberdo, Fe and Pb are at high levels but these are not reflected in as high as in selected parts of plants, flower, stem and root of Primula veris L. Keywords: Primula veris, macro elements, medical plants
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibilityof genital Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Tirana’s population from 2015 to 2017 KRISTELA BEJKO¹*, BESNIK CULLHAJ¹, ARTAN TREBICKA² ¹Genius Diagnostics Laboratory Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Tirana, Albania; ²Department of Biology, Facultyof Natural Sciences, Tirana University, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the antibiotic susceptibility of genital Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycplasma hominins in Tirana, Albania. We included in this study 499 sexual active patient (men and women) with and without symptoms occasianoly. Samples that were obtained with cotton swabs were microbiology analyzed for U. urealyticum and M. hominis together with antimicrobial suspectibility to tetracyclin, pefloxaxin, ofloxaxin, doxacyclin, erythromycin, josamycin, clindamycin and clarithromycin. We used AF GENITAL and Mycolpasma + Ureaplasma System of Leofilchem. In total 133 (26.65%) cultures were positive. U. urealyticum was detected in 105 (78.94%) cultures and M. hominis in 20 (15.03%) cultures. 8 (6.01%) cultures were positive for both. In total in this study 423 were females and 76 males. Infection was found in 96 (19.23%) females and 37 (7.41%) males. So women were infected the most by the men. Resistence of U. urealyticum to tetracyclin, pefloxaxin, ofloxaxin, doxacyclin , erythromycin, josamycin, clindamycin and clarithromycin was 14.28%, 3.75%, 38.9%, 3.0%, 48.8%, 27%, 11.0%, 10.6%. Resistence of M. hominis to tetracyclin, pefloxaxin, ofloxaxin, doxacyclin, erythromycin, josamycin, clindamycin and clarithromycin was 7.1%, 4.6%, 42. %, 4.1%, 64.3%, 6.5%, 9.64%, 8.2%. Both U. urealyticum and M. hominis were sensitive to doxacyclin and pefloxaxin and most resistant to erythromycin. As a result the rate of U. urealyticum and M. hominis were found to be 21.04% and 4.0% respectively (at 22-37 years old patinets). We conclude that doxacycline may be used to treat M. hominis and U. urealyticum infections as the most sensible antibiotic. Keywords: Mycoplasma hominis; Ureaplasma urealyticum; antimicrobial susceptibility
Abstract book
Page 68
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
The cumulative particle size distribution curves for three different textural soils in Albania OLIVER LEKAJ1, BESNIK GJONGECAJ2*, PRANVERA MZIU1, PASHK LEKAJ3 1 Department of Agro-environment and Ecology, Agricultural University of Tirana, KodërKamëz, Tirana, Albania.; 2Department of Agro-environment and Ecology, Agricultural University of Tirana, KodërKamëz, Tirana, Albania.; 3Department of Computer Science, Mathematics and Support, Mediterranean University of Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
In spite of the undisputable importance of the cumulative particle size distribution curves in textural assessment of soils, there is not any effort, up to now, to build them in the research process of Albania. Even more, there is not any effort to use or apply these curves in the general practice of soil management. The only way to deal with the texture of Albanian soils up to now has been by using the textural triangles, which many times have brought confusion in the process. That is why, the objective of this study is to initiate the process of introducing the cumulative particle size distribution curves in research process of scientists in Albania and on this base, developing some more accurate methods to replace gradually the textural triangles in the textural assessment process of soils. In this context, this article will be followed by other ones, in order to cover adequately the entire process of replacement the textural triangles by cumulative particle size distribution curves. The method applied is based on the combining of three very much known classifications on particle sizes: ISSS, USDA and Katschinski ones, with their specific particle sizes limit ranges. The soils picked to carry out the study are respectively representatives of three major groups, divided as such based on textural status: light soil, medium soil and heavy soil. The curves were determined by applying the regression analysis. The determined functions showed the distribution of particles of various sizes over a range starting from less than 1 µm to 2000 µm. It resulted that the best fit, for each of the three soils considered, is a semi logarithmic function, which is in accordance with the results of many research works done in this area. Keywords: Soil texture, cumulative particle size distribution curves, textural triangle, particle size limit ranges
Faunistic study of amphibians and reptiles in Northwestern Albania mountaneous landscape BLERINA VRENOZI*, ENERIT SACDANAKU Museum of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana University, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected],
Amphibians and reptiles were inventoried in the mountainous landscape of north-western Albania during summer and autumn 2016. The area was positioned on the western side of the Adriatic Sea, with plenty of sun and no wind. There are some sporadic studies of herpetofauna in mountainous areas, which have also mentioned the species richness of northwestern areas of Albania. There were observed three habitat types, from low sandy dunes vegetations, to the bottom and up to the mountain. The mountainous landscape had a dense composition of Mediterranean forest of Arbutus unedo, Phillyrea angustifolia, Fraxinus ornus, Erica arborea etc., thus being a good habitat for different species of terrestrial reptiles and for some species of amphibians as tree frogs. Two species of amphibians (Pelophylax ridibundus and Hyla arborea) and 10 species of reptiles (Pseudopus apodus, Podarcis muralis, Lacerta viridis, Testudo hermanni, Emys orbicularis, Natrix natrix, Platyceps najadum, Malpolon insignitus, Hierophis gemonensis, Vipera ammodytes) were observed, including Abstract book
Page 69
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
terrestrial and aquatic ones. The distribution and occurrence of amphibians and reptiles are influenced not only by the landscape characteristics, but also from environmental conditions such as temperature and wind. Therefore, July has the highest composition of some species which were not found in October, and vice versa, as a result of high temperatures during the summer. There were also observed some dead adult individuals while crossing the street (Lacerta viridis and Hierophis gemonensis). Street margins are suggested as dangerous habitats for herpetofauna conservation as a result of species mobility from one side to the other. Keywords: Herpetofauna, distribution, Balkan
Meiofauna assemblages in intertidal habitats of Vjosa River Delta (Adriatic sea, Albanian Coast) FUNDIME MIRI & MERITA RUMANO Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Meiobenthos samples from intertidal habitats of Vjosa River Delta (Adriatic Sea, Albanian Coast) were investigated. Samples were collected by direct hand corer from 5 stations in October 2014. The results of this work consist on meiofaunal assemblage with further data on diversity and structure of nematode assemblages. The Meiofauna was composed by 7 taxa, with nematodes as the most frequent taxa (comprising up to 45% of meiofaunal community). Taxonomic composition of nematodes resulted in 2 classes, 5 orders, 8 families and 10 genera. The dominant genus was Enoplolaimus (34%), followed by Terschellingia (20%) and Pontonema (18%). The trophic structure of nematode assemblage were: predator or omnivores (2B) 58.5%, selective deposit feeders (1A) 21.4% and non-selectiv deposit feeders (1B) 20.1%. Keywords: meiobenthos, nematoda, community structure, intertidal, Adriatic Sea
Impact of calving interval on milk production in lactation, cows Holstein breed FATMIRA LEKA(SULAJ)*, FIQIRI TAHIRI, LUAN HAJNO, HELGA TOPI Agricultural Technology Transfer Center, Fushe Kruje, Albania; Livestock Technologies Department *E-mail:
[email protected]
Reproduction is the main factor in determining the efficiency of animal production. Reproductive efficiency can be described as a measure of the ability of cows to conceive and produce calves. Fertility economic level is usually assessed by the calving interval, the period between 2 successive calving. Management factors conditions the improve reproductive performance to optimize, in herds of cows with high genetic capacity. For the study is analyzing the information collected in three regions of the country (Fier, Durrës, Shkodër) to (n = 1200) cows of Holstein breeds included in the Book of Breed which serves as a basis for evaluating performance production and reproductive of herds milk production. This cattle population is extended (n = 90) dairy farms. The total of (n = 1505) complete lactations and estimates, about (n = 987) met the criteria lactations for further processing for performance evaluation and ranking of cattle production by level of production. The data cover the period from 01.01.2012 - 31.12.2015. The processing of data, resulting an average milk production of 5618 kg / 305 day lactation with a variation of 3176-8128 kg / 305 days lactation Abstract book
Page 70
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
and an average age of 4.89 years with a variation from 3.2 to 7.81 years. The survey data show that significant differences are found between herds regarding the production of milk. Also observed differences regard to the average age between herds. 25% of the population of cows have extended lactations (390-540 days) and therefore long calving intervals across from optimal, which occur primarily in first lactation cows. The interval between calving is the most important indicator of herd reproduction. In the study undertaken this indicator is (431 ± 113) days (n = 621). Reproduction efficiency of cattle with higher production capacity remains one of the challenges facing today's big and medium farms level. In this context, the study aims to optimize reproductive performance through improved breeding conditions influencing the interval calving - calving in cows with high production capacity. Keywords: Performances, efficiency, reproduction, lactation, calving interval, cow, breed
Variation of phytoplancton biomass as chlorophyll a in the Adriatic Sea Coastal Waters of Albania LAURA GJYLI1*, JERINA KOLITARI2, GULIELM KROQI2 1 Department of Medicine, University “Aleksandër Moisiu”, Durrës, Albania; 2Aquaculture and Fisheries Laboratory, Agricultural University of Tirana, Durres, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations are routinely measured to estimate the standing stock and productivity of phytoplankton in freshwater and marine ecosystems. The aim of this study is to assess distribution of Chl a and variations of seasonal distributions of Chl a in surface coastal waters of Adriatic. The presence of Chl a Adriatic coastal waters were discussed in the terms of the variable abiotic environmental factors included: temperature, pH, salinity, TSD, dissolved oxygen, percent water saturation of oxygen. The period of sampletaking was April, May, June, July, September, October, November 2016 in Durres and Shengjin area 500-1000 from coastal line. Some samples are taken also in Vlora and Saranda. Environmental factors studied following APHA et al., are temperature, pH, salinity, TSD, dissolved oxygen, percent water saturation of oxygen. The results of this monitoring will be used to assess the quality of the surface waters of the coastal Adriatic Sea in Albania area. There was a high positive correlation between percent water saturation of oxygen and pH and TSD and a negative correlation between Chl a and dissolved oxygen. The level of trophy was oligotrophic in the Adriatic Sea coastal waters of Albania. Keywords: Adriatic Sea, abiotic factors, Chl a, coastal waters
Abstract book
Page 71
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Hydro chemical characterization of various surface water resources available in the Adriatic and Ionian Sea coastal waters of Albania GULIELM KROQI1*, JERINA KOLITARI1, LAURA GJYLI2 1 Aquaculture and Fisheries Laboratory, Agricultural University of Tirana, Durres, Albania; 2Department of Medicine, University “Aleksandër Moisiu”, Durrës, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
In this study, the hydro-chemical parameters are temperature, pH, salinity, TSD, dissolved oxygen, percent water saturation of oxygen different water colon (0, 3, 5 m). The period of sample - taking was April November 2016 in Durres, Shengjin, Vlore and Sarande areas from 50 - 1000 m to costal line. Water samples were collected from different water colon and analyzed for important major quality parameters following standard test procedures. Other chemical indices were derived from the measured quality parameters. The results of this monitoring will be used to assess the quality of the surface waters of the coastal Adriatic and Ionian Sea in Albania areas. There was a high positive correlation between percent water saturation of oxygen and pH and TSD and a negative correlation between Chl a and dissolved oxygen. The level of trophy was oligotrophic in the Adriatic and Ionian Sea Coastal Waters of Albania. The assessment of water quality has become an important part of water resource studies. It is gaining significant importance due to intense urbanization, industrialization and agricultural activities that are increasing the risk of contamination of water. Water quality monitoring is important for the protection of public health, agriculture, industry, fishing, recreation, tourism and protection of aquatic ecosystems. The knowledge of the water quality status as well as the processes affecting water quality is vital for integrated water resource. Keywords: Chl a, quality parameters, water colon, dissolved oxygen
Morphological characterization of durum wheat (T. durum Desf.) germplasm stored in Albanian genebank VALBONA HOBDARI1*, DORIANA BODE1, BELUL GIXHARI1, FETAH ELEZI1, ADRIAN DOKO2 1 Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania; 2Department of Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Study for characterization of genetic diversity present in the durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) germplasm stored in genebank was carried out in the Experimental Field of Agriculture University of Tirana during the growing 2015-2016 season. The study analyzed 99 durum wheat accessions genotypes of local origin for 15 quantitative morphological characters and had the objective to characterize and select those with favorable characteristics for use in breeding programs and for accomplishment of farmer requests. Variance analysis, and correlation and cluster analysis reveal presence of significant variability between and the association among different traits. Most of the quantitative morphological characters (11 traits) showed significant differences for the important agronomic traits. Cluster analysis for morphological data divide the whole-wheat genotypes into six cluster groups in respect of genetic diversity and similarity among durum wheat accessions. Higher number Abstract book
Page 72
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
of the wheat accessions was included into the fifth and the sixth cluster groups (21 and 24 accessions respectively). The study identifies traits with agronomic interest that account for genetic diversity and which will facilitate the maintenance and agronomic evaluation of the wheat collections. Keywords: Clusters analysis, diversity, germplasm, quantitative characters
Raspberry weed flora in the region of Podujevo ARBEN MEHMETI1*, ROZAFA FETAHAJ1, GËZIM MURSELI1, SYLË SYLANAJ2, MUHAMED ZOGAJ1 AND ADEM DEMAJ1 1 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, Bill Clinton p.n., 10000 Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo; 2Department of Orchards-Vineyards, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, Bill Clinton p.n., 10000 Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo *E-mail:
[email protected]
Raspberry weed flora was studied over the wider Podujeva region in Kosovo. The weed flora in raspberry crop in Kosovo was not studied in the past and thus, data are missing. To increase the knowledge on the weed flora in raspberry, we recorded the flora of 60 plots with a standard plot size of 25 m². The location of each plot was documented with the help of a GPS using the UTM system. A total number of 47 weed species was documented belonged to 20 families. The mean species number per plot was 8.7 species/25m2. Therophytes, prevail among raspberry crop weeds with 60%, while the participation of hemicryptophytes is significant with 30%, and the share of geophytes is lower only 8%. The predominant weed species were: Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Convolvulus arvensis, Polygonum aviculare, Plantago major and Rumex crispus. The following species were predominant regarding the floral elements: Subeuroasian 28%, Euroasian 25%, Cosmopolitan 15%, Submiddleeuropian 13%, Submediterranean 7% and others less important. The weed flora of raspberry crop is rich in region of Podujeva, while most of farmers do not use herbicides in raspberry crop. Keywords: Species composition and richness, weed species, weed life forms
Agro morphological characterization performance of 100 common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions DORIANA XHULAJ*, VALBONA HOBDARI, DESTEMONA SHEHU, BELUL GIXHARI, FETAH ELEZI Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
The aim of this study was to assess the agronomic characteristics of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm, maintained in ex situ collection at Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Agricultural University of Tirana. Total of 100 wheat accessions were planted under field condition and their agro morphological characters (14 quantitative traits) such us, plant height, spike length, 100 kernel weight, days to maturity were recorded. The results show that the highest value of plant height trait was recorded in AGB 0150 accession (167 cm), meanwhile two accession recorded the highest number of spikelet per spike ±25.8 (AGB 0013 and AGB 0138). Positive correlation are observed among descriptors, as number of kernel per spike and kernel weight trait (r=0.85), also data show positive relation (r=0.529) between spike length and number of spikelet for spike. Abstract book
Page 73
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
The divergence between accessions was observed using Cluster analyze. The accessions were gathered in 6 major groups (cluster 5 with 38 accessions and cluster 2 with 27 accessions). Based on this analyse accessions in cluster 2 and 5 were the nearest neighbour with the lowest divergence levels meanwhile wheat genotype grouped in cluster 3 and 4 presented the farthest one. This approach helped in identification of top wheat genotypes with high values in different agronomic traits and also support the efforts of conservation and utilization of common wheat germplasm in breeding programs. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., germplasm, accessions, agro morphological, trait, cluster
Stabilisation of in vitro rhizogenesis of two apple (Malus domestica L.) cultivars during micropropagation BRUNILDA ÇUKO1, VALBONA SOTA1, EFIGJENI KONGJIKA2 1 Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana University, Tirana, Albania; 2Section of Natural and Technical Sciences, Academy of Sciences, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
Rooting induction appears very difficult, especially regarding to trees species but it’s necessary to stabilize a protocol for in vitro rhizogenesis before the acclimatization stage. These study was carry out to investigate the influence of different doses of auxinic phytohormone NAA (α-naphthaleneacetic acid) and MS nutrients on in vitro rhizogenesis of apple (Malus domestica L.) which is a fruit extremely rich in important antioxidants, flavanoids, and dietary fiber. The induction and improvement of in vitro rhizogenesis of microshoots of two different apple cultivars (cv. Golden Delicious and cv. Starking) was tested on three nutrient rooting media with different concentrations of NAA and macro- and micronutrients, presented in the universal medium MS: (I) - ½ MS macronutrients, MS micronutrients, MS vitamins supplemented with 0.1 mg l-1 NAA; (II) - ½ MS macronutrients, ½ MS micronutrients, MS vitamins with 0.1 mg l-1 NAA and (III) - MS macronutrients, ½ MS micronutrients, MS vitamins with 2 mg l-1 NAA). The first signs of roots formation were detected 10-12 days after inoculation of strongest microshoots of each cultivar of apple. There were detected significant differences in rooting percentage according to the rooting media and the highest value of rooting for both cultivars resulted in the first rooting medium (90.2%). There was not observed significant difference in rooting percentage between two studied cultivars. As the result the first medium with half concentration of MS macronutrients and 0.1 mg l-1 NAA is recommended. Keywords: Rhizogenesis, MS medium, NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid), rooting percentage
The effect of rearing season and feeding on the performance evaluation of a local rabbit population ALMA LLAMBIRI, LUMTURI PAPA Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
The aim of this study was to study the effect of rearing season and feeding on the performance evalutation of a local rabbit population. Five small scale family farms with rabbits of local breed were included in the study. Abstract book
Page 74
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Two groups of rabbits per farm were fattened during summer and winter seasons. One group was fed in usual way with feeds produced in farm consisted mainly of alfalfa dry or fresh depending on season and family residues. The feeding of the other group was daily supplemented with 25 g concentrate feedstuffs (17% protein) bought in the market. Supplementation with concentrate feedstuffs showed to improve meat production from rabbits in both seasons. Live weight at the end of fattening was increased with 216.9 g and 371.6 g respectively during winter and summer season. The factors that affect the differences in live weight realized were feeding regime, sex of rabbit (P<0.001) and season of fattening (P<0.01). The effect of these factors depended on their interaction effect like as “feed ration x season” (P<0.01), and “feed ration x sex” (P<0.05). Approaching growth curves with theoretical one of Gompers showed that concentrate adding in feed ration improved daily weight gain. It did not affect the dynamics of body weight change. It affects the gradient of quantity of daily gains of rabbits. Concentrate supplementation of daily feeding during fattening period increased up to 15.5% the meat production as well as net income of the farm. The rabbits feeding with daily supplementation, showed better slaughtering results than the another group; carcass percentage respectively 55.3% vs. 49.8%; 61.2% vs. 51.8% ) (P <0.01); good performance of the region's most puncture respectively (20.4% vs. 18.4%; 22.6% vs. 19.1%) (P <0.01); and had also the highest bone ratio of hind leg; 3.6 vs. 3.2 and 4 vs. 3.39 (P <0.01) respectively during winter and summer seasons Keywords: Rabbit, local breed, fattening, feed supplementation, carcass
The study of some new corn hybrids in the ecological conditions of Lushnja region ARTAN SOTA1, NAZMI HASANI2, FETAH ELEZI3* 1 Department of Plant Sciences and Technology, Agriculture University of Tirana, Albania; 2Agriculture Faculty Peja, Kosovo; 3Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Agriculture University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a very important agricultural crop in Albania. From the studies carried out it was observed that different hybrids have various degrees of suitability. In terms of our country which is characterized by a stressed ecological diversity, it is therefore necessary that before the introduction of the hybrids into wide production, to study how they adapt in terms of the area where they will be spread. In this context, in 2016 in Toshkëz, Lushnje, it was carried out the field testing for 17 maize hybrids of different origin. These 14 hybrids were from the following groups SNH, DKC6728 and PR1672. Also, the hybrid GDM757 produced by ARFA, Lushnje was included. The field testing was established according to the randomized block scheme, in three repetitions. The study displayed that the hybrids demonstrate a good uniformity, with the exception of hybrid SNH4619 and SNH9607 as well as different characteristics. Regarding the features related to ideotype it results that most of the hybrids belong to the type stay green and leaf vertical orientation. Regarding their resistance to drought, generally they all are tolerant except for hybrid SNH9607. No sign of any disease was observed at any of the hybrids. As for the production realized, the hybrids demonstrate significant differences. The study of the indicators observed shows that these hybrids SNH 9711, SNH 8605 and SNH 4619 present a better performance. Keywords: Diversity, hybrid, randomization, testing, uniformity
Abstract book
Page 75
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
The combination capacity study of several ARFA lines by means of tester line method ARTAN SOTA1, NAZMI HASANI2, FETAH ELEZI3 1 Department of Plant Sciences and Technology, Agriculture University of Tirana, Albania; 2Agriculture Faculty Peja, Kosovo; 3Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Agriculture University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
One of the most important objectives of the ARFA Company is creation of lines and hybrids suitable mainly for Myzeqe area. Regarding the creation of qualitative lines, it is intended that besides the study of the morphological and agronomic indicators, to determine their combining ability (general and specific), too. The study of combination capacity was carried out by means of tester analyzer method, relying on four testers AS17, AS19, AS20 and AS23, with different genetic basis. Based on the fact that the lines which present high combination capacity with all the testers, means that they have an overall combination capacity. The study involved 120 stabilized lines. In 2015, we realized crossings tester x line, in four testing points out of which 430 hybrid combinations were realized. In 2016, carried out the testing of the hybrid combinations control in two replications of 15 m2 each. After each 5 hybrid combinations line x tester the hybrid SNH8605 was determined as reference. From the production realized, it resulted that 19 hybrid combinations had equal yields as the reference SNH8605. This indicates that these combinations are candidates for hybrid combination. The testers AS20 and AS17 are presented as the best analyzers of the combination capacities for the lines taken in the study. Keywords: Combination capacity, line, hybrid, tester
Larval migration and diagnostic value in pigs YLLKA (MIJA) ÇANI*, BEJO BIZHGA Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Study focused on diagnostic alternatives of Ascaris suum infection in 162 pigs in slaughterhouse. The range and infestation intensities of Ascaris suum infection depend on age, period and method of examination. Coproscopic examinations from 162 samples showed 124 of them (76.54%) positive for Ascaris suum eggs. Coproscopic examinations resulted the most efficient and offer the possibility of epidemiological estimates. From the samples were found with injuries as a result of migration process 49 pigs or 30.24% of the sample surveyed. During the macroscopic examination of the intestine of pigs were found with the adult parasite in 78 heads or 48.14% of the examined pigs. This value was about 20% lower than the value of coproscopic examination, but about 20% higher than the value of the examination of the milk liver spots. During of the macroscopic and microscopic examination in lungs were found with signs of pneumonia and parasitic larva migration in the lung parenchyma and the bronchi, 58 heads or 35,8% of the examined pig lungs. In pigs when parasitic pneumonia detected, the nose leaks were examined for the presence and number of larvae. From 162 nose tampons examined resulted positive for the presence of Ascaris suum migration larvae 26 pigs (16.04%) from the total of Abstract book
Page 76
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
examined heads. Post-mortem examinations in slaughterhouses at pigs resulted efficient, low cost and provide sufficient data for Ascaris suum infection. Keywords. Ascariasis, swine, method, larvae, diagnose
Optimization of explants sterilizations intended for In vitro culture of sp. Prunus avium AVDIRRAHMAN GASHI1*, TOKLI THOMAJ1, TAULANT MITRUSHI2, EDLIRA KUKALI1, 1 Faculty of Agricultural & Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana; 2In Vitro laboratory: Association "Tjeter Vizion" Elbasan, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
The aim of research was establishment and maintenance of in vitro explants free from bacteria. Prunus Avium explants intended for tissue culture as object of research treated with different concentrations of sterilizante. The presence of bacterial contaminants is extremely important to micro propagate plants. Different concentration of HgCl2 (0.01; 0.02 %) and NaOCl (0.25; 0.5%) for varying exposure time (15; 20 min). The highest contamination (80%) and least explants survival were identification when used 0.02% HgCl2 or 90% with 0.25% NaOCl. Minimum death of explants was in 0.01% HgCl2 and 0.5 % NaOCl disinfected for 15 min respectively 90%95%. Isolated buds, after sterilization with 0.01% HgCl2 for 15 min are characterized by higher survival rate, respectively 85% for P. mahaleb and 92% for P. avium (rootstocks: i - P. avium x P canascens (Gisela 6) All the experimental data were processed by methodsTukey–KramerANOVA with importance level 95% (P < 0.05) and using statistical program JMP 7.0. Keywords: explants, Prunus avium, sterilization, in vitro, concentration
Determination of most appropriate fungicide application time for controlling of Apple scab in the Regionof Gjilan, Kosovo EDMOND REXHEPI* and HARALLAMB PAÇE Agricultural University of Tirana; Department of Plant Protection, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Apple fruit cultivation is one of the most important cultivated fruit in the region of Gjilan in Kosovo and the cultivated areas are continuously increasing. There are 3-4 main cultivars Starking, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Gala that are being cultivated mostly and other cultivars Jonagold, Fuji and Jonathan that are being planted rapidly. One of the major problems for farmers in this region it remains the managing of fungus disease Apple scab(Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint.). For this purpose, for the first time in Kosovo was used the decision support system RIM-pro (relative infection measure-program).This program simulates the development of pseudothecia, ascospore maturation, discharge, deposition and infection based on hourly received data of weather conditions and leaf wetness from weather station which is set up on the orchard. The aim of this study is to utilize the RIM-pro for best fungicide application time. The experiment is carried out in Abstract book
Page 77
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
experimental orchard in Zhegra (Gjilan region) Kosovo, during the year 2015 and the experimental orchard was set up in randomized block, where the main effect factor is the treatment time (A) in 4 levels (RIM-pro time, Phenological phases, traditional treatment and control plants), second factor was effectiveness of fungicides (B) and the third factor was the year of application (C). By analyzing the outcome data, it resulted that the treatments performed based on RIMpro had best results than other based performed treatments. The effectiveness of fungicides was determined by the disease index. This study emphasizes the importance of development of one management warning system for the local farmers. Keywords. RIMpro, apple scab, infection, ascospores, treatments
Bioecological characteristics of walnut and the cultivars that are sown in the Dibër district NAZMI AJAZI1, VATH TABAKU2, HASAN CANI3 1 Dajti Eksspres sh.a; 2Faculty of Forestry Sciences; 3Balkan Center for Cooperation Development (BCCD) E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected];
[email protected]
The walnut is a species that is extensively cultivated in Diber district of the Albanian Republic. According to the registers hold up to 2008 in the respective localities there are 196 ha with 2670 fruit-trees. This specie is extended along Valley of Black- Drini River, over the bottoms of the slopes, along the creeks and the small deltas of the creeks as Malla and Seta of Lura, Zalli of Okshtun, the creek of Kuben, Erebare etc. It is distinguished for the high quality of its product that is preferred in the native market and abroad. The inhabitants have a tradition to treat this very important specie on the bottoms of cultivated soils. The history of its cultivation dates back from antiquity and the inhabitants think they are grown together with this fruit-tree during centuries. In a village of Gjurre – Rec 60% of fruit-growing is covered with this natural specie. It grows in surfaces from 360 in Ura e Dodes up to 1000 m above sea level (in Fush Lure- BelloveOstren etc.). The best development it has in 400 up to 700 m above sea level where
is included the
phytoclimatical zone of Castanetum and needs aired and loosed soils. Almost in all the district it cannot be found in group, except the village Peladhi where it has been sown during the time of collectivization from the ex Agricultural cooperative of Zerqan. In our study, made during some years, we have found some cultivars which have some differ characteristics as “large grain”, “oblong”, “in form vile” etc. It needs mainly brown and abandoned forest soils which in Diber district are very widespread. Keywords: Species, cultivation, level, valley, fruit
Abstract book
Page 78
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
The evaluation of the potential and actual risk of soil erosion in the Bovilla watershed, Tirana HASAN CANI1, ARSEN PROKO2, VATH TABAKU2, NAZMI AJAZI3 1 Balkan Center for cooperation of development (BCCD); 2Faculty of Sciens Forest; 3Dajti Ekspres E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]; cani.hasan66@gmail
Erosions is present even more in non-agricultural land. So we can say that in some watersheds of the rivers of our country, for the whole territory scraping evaluated various different rivers. Forests continue to be the main source for heating, the destruction of forests is continuously incalculable. All logging of forest massifs (oak, black pine) is converted into a real concern for residents of many areas of our country, after cutting has caused the erosion and landslides. Erosion is the process of transport and deposition inhibitor of dust and solids during which leave the surface of the earth by the different processes and factors that occur as wind or water leaks and then being transported and deposited elsewhere. While erosion is a natural process, human activity has increased by 20-50 times the rate at which erosion is occurring. Forest area as a result of lowering the level of forest vegetation coverage from deforestation, fires, natural disasters, construction of new roads, and climate change are among the urban extensions most distinguishing that stimulates the process of soil erosion. Consequently we are dealing with the acceleration of erosion causing problems that can classify as 'on - site' and 'off-site'. Effects "onsite" consequently lead to reduce the productivity of forests and pastures, since we are dealing with the loss of top-level layers of soil that are rich in nutrients and minerals salts. The main objective of this study is to contribute to developing the strategy for the conservation of soil erosion and surface water and also identify potential risk and reflect the current erosion in the watershed of Boville. This study is part of the use of Geographic Information System (GIS). Initially, his main goal was to collect and use environmental data to be used in environmental studies as typical character of the biotope inventory, atmospheric pollution, water pollution. Corrine also included the creation of a database in a Geographic Information System (GIS) and the exchange of data generated. Keywords: Erosion, Geographic Information Systems, cover plans, database
Comparison of finishing pigs cold yield between the genetic of pure breed of great white (Yorkshire) Pietren and their crossbreds LUAN HAJNO*, FIQIRI TAHIRI, FATMIRA LEKA (SULA) Centre for Agricultural Transfer Technology F-Krujë, Albania *E-mail;
[email protected]
The study was carried out in collaboration with the Regional Directorate ofAgriculture Lezha specialists of within the 2014-2015 periods. The objective of the study was: the assessment of the radius meat of different pigs’ breeds and crossbreds: Great White (Yorkshire), Pietren and crossbreds of Pietren X Great White (Yorkshire) (♂ X ♀). The experiment’s animals consisted at a total of 60 effective leaders respectively: 20 heads of Yorkshire, 15 heads of Pietren and 25 heads of crossbreds’ have been: live weight of pigs before slaughtering, hot slaughtering weight. Live weight of pigs was estimated as the difference12 hours weighing between meals which means when the body was empty with food. Cold Yield was estimated by the ratio: (cold carcasses weight/live weight) x100. Cold weight was rated as a hot carcass weight discount 2.5-3% presenting Abstract book
Page 79
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
the carcass with or without blood. The database was processed statistically using ANOVA. Results of the study are as follows: the genetic type of Great White (Yorkshire) represented by 20 heads, has had an average of the cold yield 74.5% (STDEV., 3.056); the genetic type of Pietren represented by 15 heads of 74% (STDEV 1.912) and the genetic type of crossbreds Pietren Great white (Yorkshire) (♂ x ♀) resulted 75.2% (STDEV, 3.023). Keywords: Genetic type, Great white, Crossbreds’, Carcasse, slaughtering weight
The impact of gender and age in diabetes mellitus in dogs NIKOLIN DAIJA Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
In this study we took 2,921 dogs, of whom 1,521 were female and 1,400 were male. These dogs were tested for diabetes mellitus, and 10 of them were positive. 6 of these dogs were female and 4 were male. Dogs in this study were 1- and over 10 years. In our study were diabetic dogs at the age of 5-9 years. Greater susceptibility to diabetes mellitus were female dogs. Keywords: Dogs, gender, age, female, male
Economic impact of Bluetongue outbreak in cattle during 2014 in Dibra district, Albania ELVANA ZHEZHA1, HEKURAN HUNA2, KLODIAN DEDOLLI2, XHELIL KOLECI3, RUZHDI KEÇI3 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; 2Private Veterinary Practitioner; 3Veterinary Public Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tirana, Albania * E-mail:
[email protected]
Economic analyzes of animal disease and their impact on animal health and animal production recently is becoming more popular and a new research area. This study calculate general economic impact of bluetongue disease on Dibra region during 2014. The study involve broad economic analyzes of animal direct physically lost, drop milk production and other expenses related with possible farmers compensation for dead animals. The aim of this study was assess calculation of economic lost from bluetongue disease by converting them in monetary value according above mention aspects. Material and method:The methodology of this study is based on analyzing of data collected from dedicated questioners for this aim. The data on number of total animals according species are used official data of INSTAT. The data were analyzed with ToolPak Excel software. Results: Economic lost were significant, the cost for only dead cattle is 32000 Euro while daily drop milk production can be reduced up to 80%, converted in 4 Euro per day per animal, or more than 400 euro per day. Keywords: Disease outbreak, bluetongue, impact, economics of animal health and production
Abstract book
Page 80
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Feed additives (enzymes), as a way for improving performance parameters of gilt and weaned piglets REZANA PENGU1*, MARSEL KEҪI2, ETLEVA DELIA2 1 Faculty of Agriculture, Fan. S. Noli University Korce, Albania; 2Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
The major part of phosphorus (P) in cereals and seeds is stored as phytate (myo-inositol hekxakisphosphate), that is hard to digest for pigs. Phytate P in plants is a mixed calcium-magnesium-potassium salt of phytic acid that is present as chelate and solubility is very low (Pallauf and Rimbach 1997). Phosphorus in this form is poorly digestible/available for simple-stomached animals (Van Der Klis and Versteegh 1996). However, the enzyme phytase catalyses the hydrolysis of phytate rendering phosphate available for absorption. The reported effects of phytase addition on the improvement of P digestibility show great variation (Jonson and Poulsen 2003). The aim of this study was to test the effects of the microbial phytase (NATUPHOS) on the performance parameters of gilt and weaned piglets. The microbial phytase preparation (Aspergillus niger, NATUPHOS) was supplemented to a basal ration 750 FTU/kg feed and the effects on growth performance of gilt and weaned piglets were studied weekly. The supplementation of microbial phytase improved slightly daily weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio Overall a positive effect of the microbial phytase on performance parameters was observed. The Pexcretion in the faeces was reduced also. Keywords: Microbial phytase, gilt piglets, weaned piglets, performance parameters
Urolithiasis in dogs ZAMIRA HOXHA*, DHIMITËR RAPTI Agricultural University of Tirana *E-mail:
[email protected]
Uroliths are formed in all the species of domestic animals, and is one of the important lower urinary tract diseases in dogs. Formation of uroliths is not a disease but rather a complication of several disorders, which is pretty often a result of a combination of both pathological and physiological factors. Some disorders can be identified and corrected but some can be identified but not corrected, although for others, the underlying etiopathogenesis is not known. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of stone formation depending on age, breed and sex of dogs, type of stones as well the impact of food-based diet on their formation. This study was conducted over the period from July 2013 to January 2017 where data were collected on a total 160 cases of dogs with urinary problems and distinct clinical signs in the urinary tract, which were admitted into clinics and hospitals in Tirana district. Of all the cases which were identified with urinary problems and distinct signs of the urinary tract, 14 (9%) of them tested positive for the presence of stones and 146 (91%) of them tested negative. All of the animals examined were broken down into several age groups ranging from 0-5 years old, from 5-9 years old, and those from 9 years old and above. The average age of dogs Abstract book
Page 81
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
with uroliths were 5-9 years old or accounting for 55% of all the cases under observation testing positive. Determining the frequency of male dogs against female ones a higher prevalence resulted in male dogs at 9 cases otherwise 64% and in female dogs at 5 cases otherwise 36% respectively. Uroliths from crossbreed, Dalmatians, German shepherd, Yorkshire terrier was calculated in almost 40% of all canine uroliths, with the highest frequency in Dalmatians, which had a predominance of urate uroliths with a percentage of 25%. The most frequently identified materials were struvite which occupy the highest proportion of stones at about 37% of stones found. These were followed by calcium oxalate and uric acid stones standing at 27% respectively. Silicates were found in just one case at 9% of total combined. An important factor contributing to this case was a very concentrated food diet which had a prevalence of 9 case (64%), 5 was the cases which had been subject to home-based food or (36%). Keywords: Urolithiasis, age, breed, sex and food-based diet
Impact of malt protein parameters on brewing process optimization TANJA KAMBURI1, LULJETA XHANGOLLI2 1 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Natural and Human Sciences, University of Korça, Albania; 2Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
Proteins are a very important class of organic components in beer. They are long chains or polymers with large molecular weight composed from amino acids, connect to each other via peptide bonds. Quality and sustainability of beer depends on its protein content. Proteins play a very important role in many stages of brewing process. They are essential in the malt and wort production, also have a direct impact on the consistency and the formation of beer foam. This means the protein content in malt affect the quality of the finished product. It is very important to determine protein content before using malt for beer production. Malt is the main source of protein in beer. Proteins are made from compound swith nitrogen bases such as e.g. amino acids; every 1% nitrogen is equal to 6.25% protein. In this paper are the results of malt protein content in the years 2014, 2015 and 2016. The amount of soluble protein or nitrogen, expressed in percentage by weight of malt and this indicator will be used to calculate the amount of nitrogen dissolved. Dissolved nitrogen is determined by EBC method. Industrial and experimental yield is calculated based on the values of dissolved nitrogen. Is studied the connection between the amount of dissolved nitrogen or protein content in malt and the characteristi such as viscosity,turbidity, Hartong Index and enzyme levels. All malt that exceed the protein content over 12% (1,9 TN), cause problems in boiling process or in turbidity of beer. European malt lager or ale type have a protein content below 10%. The amount of dissolved nitrogen is a very important indicator for the modification of malt. The higher this value is, the more the malt will be modifiable. Protein content in malt grow to the extent 9-14% compared with barley. Keywords: Dissolved nitrogen, brewing, priteins, malt, turbidity, viscosity, yield
Abstract book
Page 82
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
The Application of probiotics strains and amino acids supplement in Broiler Chickens in Albanian chicken farms FEJZO SELAMI1*, LULEZIME HAXHA2, JOSINA SELAMI3 1 Department of Preclinical Subject, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture; University of Tirana, Albania; 2Department of Bacterial, Food Safety and Veterinary Institute; 3Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Medicine of Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Probiotic pharmaceutical used in many animal species recently years as well as in aquaculture, poultry, dairy cows, small animals to prevent and treatment many bacterial, viral, to permission BCS and metabolic diseases. Our study presents the application of lactobacillus probiotic strains and amino acids in ration of broiler chicken to prevent and treat diarrheic diseases and to provide the absorption of amino acid (DAA) in some Albanian’s broiler chicken farms. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of diet formulation on digestible aminoacids (DAA)basis and supplementation of probiotic.Lactinahas performance of broiler chickens. High efficiency in broiler production requires maximizing the feed utilization and minimizing the losses due to mortality and/or growth retardation. For maintaining an optimal productivity and good health status the following factors play some vital roles: Feeding diets balanced on digestible amino acid (DAA) basis, instead of total amino acids (TAA) content and supplementation of feeds with probiotics. We use in our study some the experiment
broiler
chicken
batteries
forlarge
amount
of
experimentson chickenhas
demonstrated positive influence on the immune response, enzymatic activity in the small intestines and feed. Four treatments were tested:TAA total aminoacids diet formulation, DAA digestible aminoacids diet formulation, TAA+Land DAA+L diets with Lactinasupplementation. The probiotic preparation Lactina consisted of freeze-dried pure cultures of Streptococcus thermophilus, Enterococcus faecium and 4 strains of Lactobacillus. Each gram of Lactina contained 0.1x109 CFU. The switch to the DAA basis follows from the fact that, for synthesis of their proteins, birds utilize not the protein perse, but this part of amino acids which is available (digestible). After deprivation of nutritive antibiotics as growth promoters attempts test alternatives have been made. One of possibilities is water or diet supplementation with probiotics mono or mixed cultures of live microbes (bacteria, fungi and yeast)that affect the microbial balance in the host gastrointestinal tract. Formulation of diets for broilers on DAA basis promoted the existenceof increased levels of poor quality protein sources (sunflower meal and meat and bone meal) and resulted in reduced feed cost per 1 kg of yield without negative influence on performance traits. Lactinafed chickens had decreased feed conversion ratio, increased body weight and yield of carcass, meat, liver, gizzard and heart. The tested probiotic preparation did not affect the total cholesterol serum content and the small intestine morphometric but tended to reduce the total counts of bacteria and E. coli and to increase Lactobacilli concentrations in the caecal digesta. Keywords: Pharmaceutical, lactobacillus, probiotic, broiler, chicken, carcass
Abstract book
Page 83
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Pharmaceuticals probiotics use in diseases prevention and treatment in Albanian farm aquaculture FEJZO SELAMI1*, JOSINA SELAMI2 1 Department of Preclinical Subject, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture; University of Tirana, Albania; 2Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Medicine of Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Albania has many fish farms because has many rivers, lakes, Adriatic and Jon Sea. Our study present the possibility to be changed antibiotic with probiotics user to be prevent and treatment many bacterial, viral, mycosis diseases. Due to overfishing of wild populations, aquaculture has become an economic activity of great importance around the world. Aquaculture’s contribution to world food production, raw materials for industrial and pharmaceutical use, and aquatic organisms for stocking or ornamental trade has increased dramatically in recent decades. The present our study shows the current knowledge of the use of probiotics in aquaculture, its antecedents, and safety measures to be carried out and discusses the prospects for study in this field.Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms by intervention in the rearing process to enhance production and private ownership of the stock being cultivated. Compared to fishing, this activity allows a selective increase in the production of species used for human consumption, industry or sport fishing. Fish farmers and other stakeholders in aquaculture management in our the experimental aquaculture farms should make use of probiotics because of its colonization ability as preventive measures against over dependency on antibiotic therapy which is costly. Fish farmers are also encouraged to incorporate probiotics in their feed formulations because of its importance in digestibility improvement. Close network of aquaculture experts, fish nutritionists and microbiologists necessary to develop such aquatic foods.There is an urgent need in aquaculture to develop microbial control strategies, since disease outbreaks are recognized as important constraints to aquaculture production and trade and since the development of antibiotic resistance has become a matter of growing concern. A new definition of probiotics, also applicable to aquatic environments, is proposed, and a detailed description is given of their possible modes of action, i.e., production of compounds that are inhibitory toward pathogens, competition with harmful microorganisms for nutrients and energy, competition with deleterious species for adhesion sites, enhancement of the immune response of the animal, improvement of water quality, and interaction with phytoplankton. A rationale is proposed for the multistep and multidisciplinary process required for the development of effective and safe probiotics for commercial application in aquaculture. The need for increased disease resistance, growth of aquatic organisms, and feed efficiency has brought about the use of probiotics in aquaculture practices. The first application of probiotics occurred in 1986, to test their ability to increase growth of hydrobionts (organisms that live in water). Later, probiotics were used to improve water quality and control of bacterial infections. This our monitoring study about pharmacological effect of probiotics documented evidence that probiotics can improve the digestibility of nutrients, increase tolerance to stress and encourage reproduction. Our scientific team used commercial probiotic products prepared from various bacterial species such as Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Enterococcus sp., Carnobacterium sp., and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae among others, and their use is regulated by careful management recommendations use to prevent and treatment many fish diseases. Keywords: Probiotics, aquaculture, viral diseases, bacterial diseases, immunity, aquaculture
Abstract book
Page 84
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Study of pressing temperature in membrane presses BESNIK HABIPI1*, DRITAN AJDINAJ1, HAZBI BIÇAKU2 1
Department of Wood Industry; Agricultural University of Tirana, ALBANIA; 2 “EUROBIÇAKU” sh.p.k.; Autostrada Dr-Tr, Mbikalimi Fllakë, Durrës, Albania E-mail:
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected]
In this research, the effect of different pressing temperatures on overlaying quality of membrane presses was studied. There were applied six pressing temperatures for overlaying medium density fibreboard with polyvinyl chloride film, respectively 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, 100°C and 105°C. These temperatures were lower than those usually applied, which range between 110°C and 120°C. The pressing time continued in total 2 minutes and the pressure applied by air was 6 bars. The PVC film was 0.4 mm thick and weighted 2.5 kg/m2. The MDF to be overlaid was with density 790 kg/m3. There were 8 pieces for each temperature produced, in total 48, with dimensions 12×12 cm. After 72 hours, from each piece was sawn one sample from central zone, with dimensions 5×5 cm. For measurement of surface soundness was applied the method specified by the standard EN 311. This method measures the overlaying quality by means of tensile force through a steel axe, glued with MDF sample with PU adhesive. Resultes showed that temperatures 80°C and 85°C totally failed to achive a strong bond between MDF and PVC foil. The temperature 90°C failed in 75% of tested pieces, while temperature 95°C failed in 25% of them. The two highest temperatures gave a strong bond for all samples, resulting to MDF substrate destruction. The results obtained present useful information for furniture manufacturing sector, by the cost effective viewpoint. Keywords: Pressing temperature, membrane press, PVC, overlaying
Allelic frequencies of MFW7 microsatellite loccus in carp (Cyprinus carpio) of two fish farming centers XHILIOLA BIXHEKU*, ANILA HODA Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L) is among the most important freshwater fish species which are distributed all over the world. We present preliminary data on genotyping individuals by microsatellite marker. Allelic frequencies of one microsatellite loci was estimated on 60 individuals sampled randomly on Tapiza and Belsh fish farming centers. Fragemts were aplified by Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR), and afterwards were separated on a 6% PAA denaturing gel. A total of 23 alleles were detected. Mean observed heterozygosity was 0.334 and expected heterozygosity was 0.816. Keywords: Observed and expcted heterozygosity, marker
Abstract book
Page 85
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Flora and vegetation of south west part of Vlora Bay, Albania RUDINA KOÇI1*, ALFRED MULLAJ2, ALMA IMERI1, JULIAN SHEHU1 1 Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment; 2University of Tirana, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
A detailed study of flora and vegetation of south west part of Vlora bay is presented in this paper. Field work was carried out in the period 2014 - 2016. The total number of species recorded to be grown in the area was 155, implementing 134 genus and 46 families. Considering the total number of species found it can be concluded that the main number of species was represented by three families being respectively Poaceae 28 species, Asteraceae 16 species, Fabaceae 13. In the life – spectrum were overrepresented The rophytes 34,19% and Hemicryptophytes 32,26% of the total number of species. Twenty-four chorological groups are distinguished, where the Euri- Mediterranean elements (about 49%) predominated. Of all plant species recorded, a considerable part belonged to medicinal plants, which covered about 19% of the total number. Among the found species seven of them belong to endangered species according to the Red Book of Albanian flora. Similar to the situation elsewhere, the biodiversity of of south west part of Vlora bay is different today than in the past. Throughout the evolutionary history of the ecosystem, changes caused by natural factors took place. During the last half century, human activities contributed significantly to these changes. Keywords: Flora and vegetation, life forms, medicinal plants, chorology, endangered species
The behavior of some peach and nectarine cultivars to to leaf curl Taphrina deformans (BERK.) Tul, Albania HAJREDIN TOCA*, HEKURAN VRAPI, THANAS RUCI, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Kodër Kamëz, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
The susceptibility/ resistance ratio to diseases is not considered as a key-criterion in peach breeding programs. Even if the turn-over of peach cultivars is important, suitability for organic and low-input systems remains unknown for most of the cultivars. Leaf curl of peach and nectarine, caused by Taphrina deformans (Berk.) Tul, is a difficult disease to control throughout Albania. Heavily infected fruit trees are poorly nourished, develop fewer flower buds, and are more easily damaged from freezing in winter. In this research, the behavior (susceptibility/resistance) of 2 peach and 2 nectarine varieties to leaf curl disease was investigated in ecological conditions of Tirane, Albania province in 2016. Disease severity was calculated by the 0-5 scale when typical symptoms of leaf curl were evaluated on peach and nectarine leaves in naturally infected orchards. From the observation data we can see that in the method where we use PMB to protect the peach from leaf curl (Taphrina deformans), index of this disease (Imc-ja in %) varies from 2% in Royal Black cultivar to 3.33% in cultivar Black and with control ranging from 38% in Roajal Black cultivar and up to 48 667% in cultivar Venus. Results are truly alluring and method in biological treatments where infection levels (Imc-in%) ranged from 12 667% in Royal Black cultivar until 20,33% in Red Star cultivars. Keywords: Peach, organic, cultivar, quality, Taphrina deformans Abstract book
Page 86
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Floristic reviews and habitats of community interest in the coastal area Vilun – Rana e Hedhur MARJOL MEÇO, ERMELINDA MAHMUTAJ*, AJOLA MESITI, PETRIT HODA, LEFTER KASHTA, ALFRED MULLAJ Research center of Flora and Fauna, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana University, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
This research aimed to study the flora, vegetation and the diversity of habitats in the coastal area Vilun – Rana e hedhur. From the general floristic analyses, 228 taxa are reported and they represent 182 genera, 75 families and 6.25% of the total Albanian flora. The values of the proportions taxa/genus and taxa/families are low, specifically 1.2 and 3, as a result of an approximate number of taxa and genus and almost a triple number of taxa compared to the number of families. These values clearly indicate high floristic diversity. The poisonous plant Cionura erecta (L.) Griseb. and the insectivorous Utricularia australis R. Br. are reported for the first time in the Albanian coastal area. Based on fitosociological releves carried out in the study area, 9 habitat types are identified, three of which represent prioritar habitats in terms of protection and conservation (according to the classification of the Direktive 92/43/EEC, Annex 1). Associations with Ephedra distachya L. have a very small and fragmented areal in the sandy dunes of the study area. They represent a unique combination in Albania and in the Mediterranean area. Based on GeoCAT measures a new conservation status, CR (critically endangered) is proposed for Ephedra distachya L. in the Albainan Red List. The area is distinguished for high touristic values and as such the paper gives recommendations for a sustainable relationship between touristic development and biodiversity conservation. Keywords: Sandy dunes, habitat of community interest, flora
Ultrasound findings of hepatic lipidosis in cows with high milk production EMILIAN SHABANI1, EGLANTINA XHEMOLLARI1, AVNI ROBAJ2*, KASTRIOT BELEGU1, ROMEO BOÇI3 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University, Tirana, Albania; 2Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Prishtina, Kosovo; 3 PAZA Project *E-mail: avni.robaj@uni_pr.edu
Cows are always regarded as an essential source of animal products (meat, milk, leather, bones) and as natural land fertilizers. One of the permanent tasks of mankind has been and remains the improvement of the productive and reproductive performance of dairy cows. This exaggerated obsession is related to increased demand for products and by-products originating from cows. Such levels requirements tend to exceed allgenetic capabilities of animals and constitute the major ubiquitous cause of metabolic problems. The liver is an organ of great importance in the body. It actively participates in the synthesis of glucose, in plasma protein formation, in formation and excretion of bile salts, in pigment excretion, in the formation of prothrombin, in detoxification and excretion of many substances including photodynamic agents. Ruminants liver has a remarkable functional reserve. Clinical manifestations of liver diseases becomes apparent only if 70% of parenchyma is totally in functional inactivity. Using imaging methods especially ultrasound for diagnosing of hepatic diseases in cattle is indicated because other diagnostic methods including the determination of hepatospecific enzymes, in most cases are insufficient. Hepatic ultrasound examination is rewarding because it defines the hepar size, position, Abstract book
Page 87
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
shape, condition, dimension of vessels and different types of hepatic disorders. Hepatic lipidosis is the most important metabolic disorder of dairy cows during early lactation and is responsible for ill-health and poor reproductive performance of the animals. Efficient application of diagnostic and preventive strategies for this syndrome has great economic importance. Transitional period between late pregnancy and early lactation is a situation where creates an excessive drainage of different nutrients. Hepatic lipidosis is a condition that usually develops in the period near of calving and in early lactation. Hepatic lipidosis develops when hepatic lipid intake exceeds the level of oxidation and exretion of lipds from liver. This condition is characterized by high concentration of free fatty acids metabolized by adipose tissue. Lipid excess is deposited as triglycerol who is primarily responsible for reducing the liver's metabolic functions. Liver can be categorized as normal or average, moderate or severe hepatic lipidosis, encephalopatic lipidosis, and hepatic incefalopatia. Syndrome of hepatic lipidosis affects almost half of herd immediately after calving. The amount of fat accumulated in liver in the first 10 days after calving ranges from 60 to 120 grams per day. Lipids accumulated in liver occupy 12 to 25% of liver wet weight. In some cases, hepatic lipidosis followed by severe inflammation resulting in patient's death. If patients who suffer from this syndrome are not treated, mortality captures the values 25%. Keywords: Ruminants, hepatic lipidosis, ultrasound findings, metabolism
Radiologycal and ultrasonographycal diagonosis of pregnancy in sheep EMILIAN SHABANI1*, AVNI ROBAJ², KASTRIOT BELEGU1; ROMEO BOÇI3 1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University, Tirana, Albania; 2Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Prishtina, Kosovo; 3 PAZA Project *E-mail:
[email protected]
For pregnancy diagnosis in sheep have been used various methods (clinical, radiologic, ultrasonographic and hormonal). Both pregnancy and fetal numbers are accurately diagnosed by using radiography after day 70 of gestation. A-mode and Doppler ultrasonic techniques accurately detect pregnancy during the second half of gestation. Fetal numbers cannot be determined by A-modeultrasound,while the Doppler technique needs experience to achieve high accuracy.Transrectal B-mode, realtime ultrasonography identifies the embryonic vesicles as early as d 12.8 days after mating, but the sensitivity of the technique for pregnancy is very low (12%) earlier than 25 days after mating. Transabdominal B-mode ultrasonography achieved high accuracy for pregnancy diagnosis (94% to 100%) and the determination of fetal numbers (92% to 99%) on day 29 to 106 of gestation. Realtime, B-mode ultrasonography appears to be the most practical and accurate method for diagnosing pregnancy and determining fetal numbers in sheep. Keywords: Ultrasonography, radiology, diagnosis, sheep, pregnancy
Abstract book
Page 88
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
The results of the third year of basil subspecies study (Ocimum basilicum L.) for the production of dry mass by plant organs and the total yield NEFRUS ҪELIKU1, NIKOLLAQ BARDHI2*, ZYDI TEQJA2, ALBERT KOPALI2, QATIP DODA3, DILAMAN NELAJ4 1 Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy, Republic of Macedonia; 2Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania; 3 Agriculture and Food Department of Dibra Prefecture, Albania; 4Agriculture and Food Department of Kukësi Prefecture, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Basil is one of the aromatic plants with wide range of use. Because of the chemical composition, it is used in perfumery, culinary, food industry, toothpastes, and in the production of soaps, shampoo and medicine. It is cultivated in many countries in the open fields (in warmer climates) and in greenhouses. In Albania, it is been cultivated since 1958 in Levan, Fier for domestic use and for export.After 1990 it was cultivated by several farmers in Elbasan, Lushnje, Fier and Përmet. The production of fresh mass is processed by companies of medical aromatic plants for the production of essence and for the production of tomato sauce. Based on the values of use, the three-year study was undertaken for the five subspecies of basil. The study includes five subspecies of basil: limonez, napolitan, red, finoverde (greco) and genoves. The study was set up in ToshkëzLushnje, according the randomized block scheme, with five variants in four repetitions. The biometric measurements were made on the plant height, the yield of floral, the leaf and herbs, the dry stalks. There are observed verified changes among subspecies of basil. Keywords: Basil, matter, dry, herb, floral, leaf, stalk, yield, variant
Toxoplasmosis under coproscopic diagnosis in cats BEJO BIZHGA Department of Preclinical Subjects, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused from Toxoplasma gondii, an protozoan parasitic organism. Toxoplasmosis is common in any warm blooded animals. Intermediate hosts can be infected with the parasite, but need cats (definitive host) to complete the life cycle of T gondii. Toxoplasmosis resulted present in 1.8% of heads of cats examined in this study where 442 cats household or in contact with the human were examinated under coproscopic examination for 10 years period (2006-2016) in Tirana area. According to age, 6/168 (3.22%) were young (up to 1 year old), 2/153 (1.3%) adults (1 to 8 years old) and 0/121 (0%) were old (>9 years old). Positive cats were free to have an almost linear stretch across age 0-1 years old. About the adult category, no cat was diagnosed positive during coproscopic examinations (over 9 years). Although, no statistical differences were found between negative and positive cats regarding gender (p > 0.05). Statistical differences were found between negative and positive cats regarding age (p < 0.05). Parasitic loads resulting in variations, but with higher values and a danger for the infestation potential capacities of the environment were in food and water. The large number of oocysts needs monitoring of the feline population and their treatment of faecal is the main way of knowing the epidemiological situation and the minimization of
risk by toxoplasmosis. While
monitoring of the contact with cats and preserving environmental quality, food and water is the main road to avoid infestation of intermediate hosts including man. Hight parasitic loud in cats positive for toxoplasmosis increase more potential capacities for free cats that move in large environments required for food causing the Abstract book
Page 89
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
infested premises. The most important element is the treatment of faecal, which have to be collected and not processed, or burned. By throwing waste in the premises of rain or winds through trasport they become a source of occurrence of the infection. Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, infection, host, oocyst, parasitic loud
Flora and its values in the massif of Sharr Mountain –Macedonia NASUF ABDII1, MURAT XHULAJ2 1 University of Tetovo, Department of Biology; 2University of Tirana, Department of Biology, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
In this scientific work are presented data of four year (2013, 2014, 2015, 2016). This scientific research is undertaken for the first time, in particular within the researchers conducted by local. This study researchers about the flora of the Sharr Mountain. This study will complement research of flora in the Sharr Mountain. The study focusing on more 20 stations in the Sharr Mountain. The collection of scientific material is carried during the period of vegetation, accompanied by data for site-collection, date, biotope etc. During this study a rich material has been collected, of about 1000 species. The Sharr Mountain lies in the southeast-vest-southeast direction, and is located in the northwestern part of the Republic of Macedonia. The Sharr Mountain represents the largest mountain massif in Macedonia and lies in the geographical coordinates: between 42o41` 43” and 42o16`34”, geographical north latitude and between 20o34` 51” and 21o16` 00’. The Sharr Mountain massif stands for a great variety of habitats, which represent the settlements for about 2000 plant species, or 2\3 of higher vascular plants in Macedonia. During this study it was accumulated a rich material floristic. From the conducted floristic analysis it result that the flora of Sharr Mountain is rich with numerozus plant species. The set material consist of 94 families, 411 genus and 1045 species. Sharr Mountain is one of the most important Balkan and European centers and of most qualitative endemism including relicts, endemic and endemic relicts and types. In the Sharr Mountain there are around 200 taxone, endemic and sub-endemic plants (species, subspecies), steno -endemic orofite (mountain species). Keywords: SharrMoutain, Flora,enedemic, relict
The role of transactional, transformational and participative leadership in performance of SME’s in Albania ADELA SHESHI Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
The orientation of Albanian economy is more focus in the private sector especially towards SMEs. However, still the state continues to control the main business companies, mostly those in the energy sector. After two Abstract book
Page 90
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
decades property rights, freedom and corruption remain still sensitive issues. Government intervention and their regulatory control continue to restrict the dynamic investments and economic efficiency in general. Despite recent reforms, inefficient business environment still obstructs the development of the economy. Since the labor market is incapable of operating well, informal labor activity continues to glow. The main issue of the study is the importance of leadership and how they impact the performance of the business. I think this study will have a positive impact because will bring important contributions such as: determining the role of each attribute (transactional, transformational and participative) towards the performance of SMEs in Albania. Data collection was conducted through surveys to SMEs businesses operating in Albania. Combining empirical methods with theoretical notions of leadership and entrepreneurship, will help determine the impact on competition and performance in this study. In this research was used the quantitative data collection methods. The questionnaires were addressed to shareholders of the companies in various industries that operates in Albania. Since for this topic no study was done before in Albania, these findings of the study will allow us to develop for the first a model of competition for SMEs and to test the hypotheses proposed. The Purpose of Study was to determine the role of leadership in performance of small- and medium enterprise. The objective of the study was to identify and determine the role of leadership in the performance of SMEs in Albania. In conclusion, there is a lack of information and no studies done before in this specific area, so these findings can be used as guidelines in practice by managers, top managers, directors, and leaders in improving the performance of the company and being more competitive in the market. Keywords: Leadership, transformational, transactional, participative and performance
Population dynamic of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) AJTEN BERXOLLI*, SHPEND SHAHINI Department of Plant Proctection, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, *E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
Albania
In climatic conditions of Albania, tomato crop is attacked by a various number of pests, which are divided in primary and secondary pests. Now tomato growers have a serious problem in their farms caused by tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), which is a harmful pest of tomato originating from South America. Firstly it was detected in eastern Spain and after that, it rapidly was distributed in various other European countries and spread throughout the Mediterranean basin. In the lack of control measures, the percentage of damage caused by this pest on tomato in greenhouses and open-field can achieve up to 90% of production. To increase the performance of control, it is very important to know biological cycle as well as its ecology. Using of proper and compatible methods is the best way to control this pest by reducing of pesticide using. Based on our monitoring using pheromone traps both in greenhouses and open-field, Tuta absoluta gives more than four to five generations accompanying whole the vegetation period of the tomato crop. Tuta absoluta Abstract book
Page 91
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
is distributed all over the coastal area of Albania. The more distributed and causing damages is second crop which often is damaged totally. Using of chemical pesticides until now resulted not effective, excepted Spinosad. Mass capture technique used in our conditions has resulted very effective. So, we recommended using it for controlling of this serious pest of tomato crop. Keywords: Tomato, Tuta absoluta, control, pheromone, mass capture
The influence of layers’ feed supplementation with organic Se on the eggs’ quality and Selenium’s content in the egg VEZIR JANUZI1*., LUMTURI SENA1., XHEVDET ELEZI2 1 Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania; 2Faculty of Agriculture, University of Prishtina, Kosovo *E-mail:
[email protected]
The effect of addition of different levels of organic Se in laying hens’ diets for a period of 13 weeks was studied in this research. For this purpose, 400 hybrid Lohman Brown layers, aged 39 weeks were equally divided into four groups. The first group, which was used a control one (C) was fed with the standard feed formula, while the feed used for the other three groups was supplemented with Organic Selenium (Se) - Sel-Plex®, Alltech, inc., respectively 0.2 (Experiment 1 - E1) 0.3 (Experiment 2 - E2) and 0.4 ppm (Experiment 3 - E3). The egg production was monitored on daily basis, while the egg quality and content of Se in eggs was measured at the end of week six and thirteen. Layers’ performance, total egg weight, the egg white weight, shell weight and thickness were not affected by the level of feed supplementation with organic selenium. At the end of the experiment, a significant improvement (P≤0.05) of the yolk’s weight was observed, at the group E2 and E3, respectively suplemented with 0.3 and 0.4 ppm Organic Selenium, compared with the control group. The addition of Selenium in the layers’ feed, significantly increased its concentration in both the yolk and the white of the egg in the two measurements performed. Results of this study showed that the addition of Organic Se in layers’ diet, increased its content in the eggs. Keywords: Laying hen, Selenium, egg quality, feed
The status of insect pests in stone fruit trees in Albania ALKETA ZEQIRI, REXHEP UKA Plant Protection Dep., Agricultural University of Tirana E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected],
During the recent years, with the development of fruit growing and fruit cultivation, the study of pests and their status in stone fruit trees in Albania is a crucial moment to realize an adequate strategy not only for the protection of plant health but also of integrated production. Except homoptera pests of fruit trees, during this study it was done also an inventoryof stone fruit trees affected by them, for example: Pseudoaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzeti) found in peach, nectarine, apricot, cherry, almond, plum; Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock) found in peaches and cherries; Monosteira unicostata (Mulsant & Rey) found in peach, nectarine, apricot, cherry, almond, plum; Phorodon pruni (Ferrari) found in plum; Pterochloroides persicae Abstract book
Page 92
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
(Cholodkovsky) found in peach and nectarine; Aulacaspis rosae (Bouche) found in the cherry and plum; Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe) found in plum, etc. Collection of insect pests was carried out in certain periods throughout the year, mainly during the vegetation period. Through this inventory, there were defined kinds of aphids that affect stone fruit trees. As aphids are vectors of different viral diseases, there were also determined the viral diseases that these insect pests spread on plants. Among the most prominent species are: green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), which is a main vector of many viruses in fruit trees, is found each year in the form of a colony; Leaf-curling plum aphid (Brachycaudus helichrysi), which is a vector of the plum pox virus, etc. Collection and identification of entomophag species of homoptera pest of stone fruit trees is an important part of the research through this year. Further inventory of insect pests of stone fruit trees, in the future will help to implement in the most appropriate time of the measures to suppress them. Keywords: Insect pests, aphid, viral disease, stone fruit trees
Histomorphological alterations in selected immune organs in broiler chickens exposed orally to deoxynivalenol and lipopolysaccharide MARSEL KEҪI 1*, ANNEGRET LUCKE2, QENDRIM ZEBELI2, ETLEVA DELIA1, JOSEF BÖHM2 1 Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania; 2 Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria *E-mail:
[email protected]
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most abundant and important trichothecenes, prevalent cereal contaminants and is mainly produced by Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum (Awad et al., 2014; Ghareeb et al., 2014). Different studies showed that the toxic effects of Fusarium mycotoxins in livestock and poultry include reduced growth, feed refusal, immunosuppression, gastrointestinal lesions, and neurological and reproductive disorders (Rocha et al., 2005). The immune system is considered to be an important target of trichothecenes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of DON on the histomorphology of bursa of Fabricius, spleen and thymus in 5-week-old broiler chickens. We hypothesized that DON exposure leads to histomorphological changes in these organs. The study was part of a larger experiment with 80 broilers fed a commercial wheat-soy-based diet. Half of the birds were fed a diet which was experimentally contaminated with a target-concentration of 10 ppm DON, a dose which is above the allowed threshold of DON, though considered a moderate DON exposure for chickens. The other half of the birds received a basal diet without DON. Within each feeding-group, half of the birds were administered 1 mg lipopolysaccharide (LPS; from E. coli O55:B5) per kg bodyweight orally as immune stimulator whereas the other birds received a placebo (distilled water). Immediately after the slaughtering, the immune organs where collected and fixed in neutralbuffered formaline. Two replicates per animal were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and were evaluated with 50x and 100x magnification in Bright Field mode with Zeiss Axio Imager Z2 microscope. In the thymus, number and structure of Hassal’s corpuscle and presence of bleedings were evaluated. In the bursa of Fabricius, the presence of activated follicles, necrotic areas and bleedings were evaluated. The presence of necrosis and bleedings was examined in the spleen as well. Statistical analysis was performed with PROC FREQ of SAS (version 9.4) and differences between feeding groups were determined with chi-square test. In bursa, a tendential increase of activated follicles and bleeding was observed in DON-treated animals (P<0.10). Furthermore, the presence of big Hassal’s bodies was decreased in LPS-treated animals (P<0.05). Other Abstract book
Page 93
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
parameters including presence of necrotic area and vacuolisation in bursa and the eosinophilic substance in thymus and necrosis and bleedings in the spleen were not affected either by DON or LPS exposure. In conclusion, our data suggest that moderate exposure of chickens to DON in feed and LPS can alter the histomorphological structure of the principal immune organs in broilers. Keywords: Deoxynivalenol, immune organs, histology, broiler 1. Olga Rocha, Khairul I. Ansari., and Fiona M. Doohan. (2005) Effects of trichothecene mycotoxins on eukaryotic cells: A review. Food Addit. Contam. 22:369–378. 2. Wageha A. Awad, Khaled Ghareeb, Agnes Dadak, Michael Hess, Josef Böhm, (2014) Single and Combined Effects of Deoxynivalenol Mycotoxin and a Microbial Feed Additive on Lymphocyte DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens. Plos One Vol 9. 3. Khaled Ghareeb, Wageha A. Awad, Josef Böhm and Qendrim Zebeli. (2014) Impacts of the feed contaminant deoxynivalenol on the intestine of monogastric animals: poultry and swine. J. Appl. Toxicol. 35:327-337.
Changes of hematobiochemical parametres in patients with cancer and determination of CEA, CA125, CA15.3 after the first and second cycle of chemotherapy SUELA BUSHI. ARTAN TREBICKA Facultry of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
As all countries of the world, Albania in recent years is characterized by a high frequency of patients with cancer. Despite the lack of epidemiological data at the national level in Albania it is observed in the last 20 years the same character epidemiological cancer. Epidemiological studies have shown a significant link between many factors, internal and external, although the exact sequence of events remains unknown. Tumor metastasis formation is characterized by the departure of some tumor cells from the primary tumor and infiltration in the blood stream. This stage marks the onset of cancer in the human body. The basic aspect of cancer treatment is prevention through the identification and diagnosis in the early stages. Diagnosing patients done with laboratory tests the relevant tumor markers specific for the type of cancer. The main goal in the study consisted in researching changes and values Marker of CEA, CA125, CA15.3 in samples taken from patients suffering from ovarian cancer, uterine and mammal after the first cycle of chemotherapy and second. For cases that resulted in higher values for tumor marker CEA, CA125, CA15.3 was done before the comparison of the first cycle and the second cycle of chemotherapy to see how these parameters have changed from normal values. Apparatus for performing analyzes Rayoto for hematological analysis, Maglumi for tumor markers and SAT450 for biochemical analysis. Overexpression of the level of protein her2 causes cancer. Hematobiochemical parameters change as a result of chemotherapy that resulted in improved health situation but in some cases the opposite occurred. Keywords: Tumor marker CEA, CA 125, CA 15.3, chemotherapy , hematological parameters biochemical techniques imunofluoreshente ( CLIA) Maglumi
Abstract book
Page 94
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Analysis of variability in qualitative traits of (Lathyrus sativum) accessions in Albanian genebank VALBONA HOBDARI*. BELUL GIXHARI Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania *E-mail:
[email protected]
Assessment of genetic diversity of grass pea (Lathyrus sativum) genotypes stored in Albanian genebank, was carried out in the Experimental field of Agricultural University of Tirana, during two growing seasons. Twelve local forms of grass pea’s collection, evaluating 15 qualitative traits with high inheritance degree, were used for the assessment of variability between qualitative traits and genetic diversity of Lathyrus sativum genotypes. The grass pea collection in genebank is a modest valuable group of legumes species for animal production, but, little is known about the extent and nature of the variability of the species. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the major qualitative traits, important for characterizing the grass pea genotypes, and determining the potential of this forage species in agriculture. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (ward method) identified the variances of the principal components (PC) and the proportion of the total variance each factor accounts for and range grass pea genotypes into three different cluster groups. Study identified the qualitative traits with agronomic interest which account for genetic diversity and the demarcation of distinguishable morphological groups will facilitate the maintenance and agronomic evaluation of the collections.
Keywords: Cluster analysis, grass pea genotypes, principal components
Heavy metal contamination and distribution in Elbasan, Albania, determined by X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry ODETA TOTA1, RYAN L PERROY2, SEIT SHALLARI3, ILIR KRISTO3, FATBARDH SALLAKU3 1. European University of Tirana, Albania; 2Geography and Environmental Science, UH Hilo, USA; 3Agroenvironment and Ecology Department, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected]
Concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Mo, Pb, Cd and Zn) are studied in the soil of Elbasani industrial complex zone, to asses metal contamination due to industrialization, urbanization and agricultural activity. Our results show that s o i l s are of high concern. The heavy metals with concentrations of up to 5 times above the local background values are Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Fe and Co in soils. Despite growing concern about health risks of heavy metal exposure in human and wildlife populations, gaps remain in our understanding of the spatial distribution of heavy metal contamination in and around outdoor shooting sites, particularly in agricultural areas around Elbasani city. The people working and living in the vicinity of the metallurgical complex of Elbasani are at the highest risk of exposure. Concerns relating to soils are associated with the potential for translocation of the trace element particles into vegetation, in particular, within the upper part of the plants. Therefore, the consumption of the vegetables grown in the vicinity of the metallurgical site should be avoided. Special attention has been given to the Shkumbini river, where the long residence time of water and particulates may result in transitions of trace
elements between dissolved and
particulate phases downstream. Abstract book
Page 95
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Our objective was to create a high resolution dataset and model of heavy metal contamination in the area around industrial complex of Elbasani city to better understand the spatial distribution of heavy metals throughout the sediment and the possible risks this contamination presents to the local wildlife and community. Our study has applied portable XRF technology that drastically improves our understanding of the spatial distribution of heavy metal pollution in the valley of Elbasan and their relationships with variables such as the dominant wind direction, agricultural practices, the dynamics of the river, transport corridors, waste piles, etc. Considering the above analysis we can provide relevant conclusions regarding analytical data that can be used as comments for different purposes as well as the measures that must to be taken to minimize the environmental impacts caused by the metallurgical industry. The total area of study is about 200 hectare. It is related to the industrial zone territory as well as 40 hectare of agricultural land located near industrial zone. Measurements are followed by Hürkamp procedures as an average five measurements with a recalibration procedure, using a white test and a test reference standard (NIST 2711) every 60 minutes. In total 2500 sampling locations are subject measurements. For every 10 measurements (in situ) is taking a representative sample and the total collected 173 soil samples (0-150 mm) which after preparation, sites <2 mm diameter, were analyzed by laboratory analytical methods AAS / ICPAES. The data show very high levels of contamination by heavy metals. Specifically the data obtained through measurement portable field XRF results that element Ni content ranges from 400 to 28000 ppm in special areas for Pb element in most of the territory observed values ranging from 400 to 800 ppm and in certain areas go up to 5000-20000 ppm, for Zn element in most of the study area boundaries values in the range 400-5000 ppm and in some specific parts of the area values ranging from 5000-20000 ppm. The level of Cr (2000 ppm) faces up to 6 km distance from the pollution source, confirming the high level of pollution of agricultural land. A linear regression model was used to investigate the relationship between concentrations of elements measured by analytical methods XRF and ICP / AAS. The data presented on heavy metals concentration in soil show a strong linear relation between the elements analyzed by XRF and ICP-AAS, confirming the fact that this method can be used in similar environmental studies. The study confirms that the use of XRF method for mapping pollution from heavy metals provides a useful alternative, cost-effective and quick for assessment and management of environmental risk. In order to determine the quality of field data obtained by analyzing the different methods, XRF results are compared with laboratory data that are obtained by using ICP and AAS techniques. On these basis, the XRF data which correlates directly with laboratory data are considered comparable to laboratory analytical method. Keywords: Portable XRF technology, AAS / ICP-AES, heavy-metals, ex metallurgical complex
Abstract book
Page 96
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Pathological changes in liver morphology of Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) from Seferani Lake in Dumrea region ELDORES SULA1*, VALBONA ALIKO2 1 Department of Nurse and Physiotherapy, Aldent University, Tirana, Albania, 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
The present study was conducted to determine the effect of stress in liver of Carassius carassius, a freshwater fish that normally dwell in the bottom layer of the waters of lakes, rivers and reservoirs. It is a sedentary fish that naturally feeds on zoo benthos and plant components and thanks to its sensitivity to the changes in surrounding medium is an ideal animal for indication of the health of freshwater aquatic ecosystems. It is susceptible for the teleost fish liver to be disturbed by numerous, stressful factors that influence in their health. Liver pieces of 30 individuals collected from Seferani Lake, in Dumrea region (Elbasan, Albania), were excised and processed for standard histopathological analysis. The result revealed pathological changes in liver tissue including heterogeneity of tissue parenchyma, irregular hepatocyte cells and their nuclei. Massive vacuolization of liver cells and their nuclei, necrotic foci, karyolysis and karyopicnosis were also observed. Our findings imply that histopathological evaluation can be used effectively as biomarker of fish physiological stress response and health status. Keywords: Histopathology, liver, necrosis, physiological stress response, fish health
Effects of stressors on hematological and immunological response in the fresh water crucian carp fish, Carassius carassius ELDORES SULA1*, VALBONA ALIKO2 1 Department of Nurse and Physiotherapy, Aldent University, Tirana, Albania; 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
Stress is an event that most animals experience and that, induces a number of responses involving all three regulatory systems, neural, endocrine and immune. Fish cultures are especially at risk to the adverse effects of stress. Blood chemistry and hematological measurements can provide valuable physiological indices that may offer critical feedback on different stressors. Blood samples were collected from the caudal vein of Carrassius carassius after subjected to stressors and parameters such as plasma cortisol and glucose levels were estimated. Also, immunological response through neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were evaluated. The responses of C. carassius to stress were characterized by rapid and transient significant increases in glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, as well as an equally dramatic but delayed increase in cortisol levels. High ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (N:L) in blood fish were found, which reliably is related with high glucocorticoid levels. Our results strongly indicate the close relationship between stress hormones and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, concluding that N:L ratio and its relation with glucocorticoid hormones can provide a reliable method to study responses of fish to stress. Keywords: Stress, plasma cortisol, glucose, immunological response, neutrophil, lymphocyte
Abstract book
Page 97
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Hyperaccumulators and accumulators of heavy metals in Serpentine sites of Kosovo MUHARREM SALIHAJ, AIDA BANI Agro-Environmental Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Environment, Agricultural University of Tirana, Koder-Kamze, Tirana, Albania E-mail:
[email protected];
[email protected]
Heavy metals are currently of environmental concern. One of the strategies of phytoremediation of metal contaminated soil is phytoextraction, which means uptake and accumulation of metals into plant shoots, which can then be harvested and removed from the site. Serpentine soils in Kosovo cover 4.48% of its entire territory. Biggest resources lie along the Ibri valley, followed by central and south-western parts. The objectives of this study were to identify hyperaccumulators and accumulators plants of Nickel, Zing, Copper and Lead in three serpentine sites of Kosovo with phytostabilization and phytoremediation potential through the biological accumulation coefficient. In order to analyse these heavy metals we collected 62 plant species from three serpentine sites. Results show that considering the biological accumulation coefficient values, 4 species for Ni possessed the characteristics of hyperaccumulators, 15 species for Zn, four species for Cu, and 2 species for lead possessed the characteristics of accumulators. Quite a lot of species growing at the sites were capable of accumulating heavy metals in the shoots, but most of them had low biological accumulation coefficient values, which means limited ability of heavy metals accumulation. The results of this study can be used for management and decontamination of soils with heavy metals using plant species having phytoremediation potential/characteristics. This study evaluated the potential of 62 plant species growing on naturally occurring contaminated sites in Kosovo. Keywords: Heavy metal, Biological accumulation coefficient, Serpentine site, hyperaccumulation
The impact of urban landfill flows in water surface in some regions of Kosovo TAFË VESELAJ1, FATBARDH SALLAKU2, 1 Kosovo Environmental Protection Agency, Street “Luan Haradinaj” Government Building (Ex Rilindja) 10 000 Pristine,Republic of Kosovo; 2 Agriculture University of Tirana – Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Republic of Albania; Email:
[email protected]
Waste urban landfills in Kosovo have an impact on the environment from the uncontrolled emissions, especially in the surface of water, groundwater and soil. Landfills have a different geographical position and climate variability. The amount of waste disposed varies in different quantities, as; 7858 to 58 994 ton. In this study, the urban landfill flows are included in Peja, Prizren, Podujeva and Gjilan. The purpose of this research has been to know the impact landfill flows in the water surface. In total there are 26 parameters analyzed (physic-chemical and heavy metals).The heavy metals which are analyzed, are; As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Hg, Zn, Fe. The water samples were taken along theflow of leachate in a distance of 40 to 960 m of landfills. All landfillwater flows have resulted with higher concentrations of pollutants. Peja landfill flows has resulted with more contamination than others, where the higher values were these metals; Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Fe, As. Prizren landfill flows were high metal values, such as, Cd, Ni. Gjilanl and fill flows were high metal values were Pb, Fe, As. Water discharged from the landfill in Podujeva, has resulted in higher values with Cd. The comparison of the data for Abstract book
Page 98
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
the concentration of heavy metals for landfill flows are indicators which argue the environmental risk. The texture of soil indicates that the sand is the dominant factor, which enables the landfill flows penetration into the depth of the earth. Lands, which are located near the landfills are exposed to the contamination from the polluted streams, especially from heavy metals. When toxic metals are present in the environment, eventually become part of the abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. The inefficient management and implementation of waste lawsof landfills, disposal of all kinds of wastes, the lack of infrastructure, have made landfills to become a permanent high pollution source.The land around landfills is continuously used for growing herbal plants and cereals.The introduction into food chain of heavy metals has a negative impact on human and animal health. Keywords: landfill waste, landfill flows, heavy metals, water contamination
Abstract book
Page 99
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
Index A ABDULLAH DIKU ....................................................................... 8 ADELA SHESHI ........................................................................ 90 ADEM DEMAJ ......................................................................... 73 ADHURIM LAZAJ ..................................................................... 34 ADRIAN DOKO ........................................................................ 72 ADRIATIK ÇAKALLI ............................................................ 11, 13 AGIM HAZIRI........................................................................... 65 AGIM REXHEPI.................................................................. 26, 66
ARSEN PROKO ........................................................................ 79 ARTA LUGAJ ..................................................................... 46, 55 ARTAN SOTA .................................................................... 75, 76 ARTAN TREBICKA ............................................................. 68, 94 ARTIONA LAZE........................................................................ 47 AURORA BAKAJ (ÇIZMJA) ....................................................... 12 AVDIRRAHMAN GASHI ........................................................... 77 AVNI ROBAJ...................................................................... 87, 88 AXEL MITHÖFER ....................................................................... 3 AZEM BARDHI ........................................................................ 45
AIDA BANI......................................................................... 31, 98 AIDA DERVISHI........................................................................ 43 AJOLA MESITI ......................................................................... 87 AJTEN BERXOLLI ..................................................................... 91 ALAIN TISSIER ......................................................................... 23 ALBERT KOPALI....................................................................... 89 ALEKO MIHO..................................................................... 6, 7, 8 ALFRED MULLAJ............................................................ 6, 86, 87 ALKETA LAME ......................................................................... 48 ALKETA ZEQIRI........................................................................ 92 ALMA LLAMBIRI..................................................................... 74 ALMA AXHANI ........................................................................ 61 ALMA IMERI ..................................................................... 63, 86 ALMA SHEHU.......................................................................... 63 ALUSH MUSAJ............................................................. 4, 5, 6, 49 ANDREA SPICKENREUTHER .................................................... 15 ANDREJEVA GOLLOSHI ........................................................... 42 ANILA HODA ......................................................... 20, 61, 62, 85 ANILA MITRE .......................................................................... 46 ANILA PAPARISTO................................................................. 7, 8 ANNA KARKELOVA.................................................................. 59 ANNE BESIER .......................................................................... 17 ANNEGRET LUCKE .................................................................. 93 ARBEN MEHMETI ................................................................... 73 ARBEN METKA........................................................................ 53 ARDIAN MAÇI ......................................................................... 44 ARJANA YLLI ..................................................................... 56, 67 ARLA JUMA....................................................................... 49, 60 ARLINDA ҪAÇI......................................................................... 48 ARMINA GJOKA ...................................................................... 28
Abstract book
B BAHTIR HYSENI......................................................................... 5 BAJRAM BERISHA ............................................................. 16, 35 BAKI DERVISHI........................................................................ 65 BARBARA U. METZLER-ZEBELI................................................ 19 BARDHA KORÇA ..................................................................... 46 BATIONA SHAHOLLARI ........................................................... 33 BEJO BIZHGA ...............................................................60, 76, 89 BELUL GIXHARI............................................................72, 73, 95 BERND GIESE.......................................................................... 15 BERND LUCKAS....................................................................... 15 BESMIRA MANAJ.................................................................... 12 BESMIRA XHAFERRI................................................................ 31 BESNIK CULLHAJ..................................................................... 68 BESNIK ELEZI .......................................................................... 66 BESNIK GJONGECAJ.......................................................... 67, 69 BESNIK HABIPI.................................................................. 56, 85 BIZENA BIJO ........................................................................... 49 BLERINA VRENOZI .................................................................. 69 BLERTA DERVISHI ................................................................... 38 BLERTA LAZE .................................................................... 46, 55 BLERTA MEHMEDI.................................................................. 26 BLERTA TURANI...................................................................... 51 BOŠTJAN JENČIČ..................................................................... 25 BOŽIDARKA MARKOVIĆ .......................................................... 29 BRISILDA PULLUMBI............................................................... 14 BRUNILDA ÇUKO .............................................................. 27, 74 BUJAR JASHARI....................................................................... 13
Page 100
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture" BUNEVSKI GJ............................................................................. 9
C
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT ENDRIT KULLAJ....................................................................... 59 ENERIT SACDANAKU .............................................................. 69 ENKELEJD LEKAJ ..................................................................... 52
CATHERINE BOHNE................................................................... 8
ENSTELA SHUKULLARI ............................................................ 29
CHIA-YEN CHANG ..................................................................... 8
ENTELA RUÇI (KULLA)............................................................. 12
CHOUN-SEA LIN........................................................................ 8
ENVER ZENKU......................................................................... 65
CORINA SCHANZENBACH ....................................................... 35
ERALDA DANO........................................................................ 46
CYRIL HRNČÁR ........................................................................ 58
ERION ISTREFI ........................................................................ 27
D
ERMELINDA GJETA ................................................................. 31 ERMELINDA MAHMUTAJ ................................................... 8, 87
D. PAVLOV .............................................................................. 45
ERMIRA MILORI...................................................................... 14
DAFINA LLUGAXHIU.................................................................. 4
ESA KARALLIU......................................................................... 12
DENADA KASEMI .................................................................... 64
ETLEVA DASHI ........................................................................ 50
DESTEMONA SHEHU .............................................................. 73
ETLEVA DELIA ................................................................... 81, 93
DHIMITËR RAPTI..................................................................... 81 DILAMAN NELAJ ..................................................................... 89
F
DOLOREZA PRIFTI ................................................................... 44
FATBARDH SALLAKU ...................................................37, 95, 98
DORIANA (BODE) XHULAJ....................................................... 47
FATBARDHA META ................................................................. 24
DORIANA BODE ...................................................................... 72
FATMIRA LEKA (SULA) ............................................................ 79
DORIANA XHULAJ ................................................................... 73
FATMIRA LEKA(SULAJ)...................................................... 64, 70
DORINA BELI........................................................................... 47
FEJZO SELAMI................................................................... 83, 84
DRITAN AJDINAJ ............................................................... 56, 85
FEJZULAHI LJ............................................................................. 9
DUDE SALLAKU ....................................................................... 57
FERDI BRAHUSHI .............................................................. 31, 44
DUŠICA RADONJIĆ .................................................................. 29
FERDINAND BEGO .............................................................6, 7, 8
E
FESTIM REXHEPI................................................................. 5, 49 FETAH ELEZI ..........................................................72, 73, 75, 76
EDI FERO........................................................................... 49, 60
FILLOJETË RRUSTEMAJ ............................................................. 6
EDLIRA BARAJ ................................................................... 28, 54
FIQIRI TAHIRI...............................................................64, 70, 79
EDLIRA KUKALI........................................................................ 77
FLORIAN KRAFT ...................................................................... 17
EDLIRA SHAHINASI ................................................................. 31
FUNDIME MIRI ....................................................................... 70
EDMOND REXHEPI.................................................................. 77
FUNDIME OSMANI ................................................................. 57
EFIGJENI KONGJIKA .......................................................... 27, 74 EFROSINI KOKALARI (TELI)...................................................... 48
G
EGLANTINA XHEMOLLARI....................................................... 87
GAVROSH ZELA....................................................................... 28
ELDORES SULA........................................................................ 97
GEORG FELIX .......................................................................... 22
ELISABETH GROSS................................................................... 63
GERD BALCKE ......................................................................... 23
ELSA ZELA ............................................................................... 28
GERD HUSCHEK...................................................................... 15
ELVANA ZHEZHA..................................................................... 80
GËZIM KAPIDANI .................................................................... 42
ELVIN TOROMANI................................................................... 27
GËZIM MURSELI ..................................................................... 73
ELVIS KAMBERI ....................................................................... 38
GRAMOZ RAMOLLARI ........................................................... 45
ELVISA RUMANO .................................................................... 57
GUILLAUME ECHEVARRIA ...................................................... 31
EMILIAN SHABANI ............................................................ 87, 88
GULIELM KROQI ..........................................................62, 71, 72
Abstract book
Page 101
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
H
K
HAIRI ISMAILI.................................................................... 11, 43
K. SOWJANYA SREE .............................................................. 1, 2
HAJREDIN TOCA...................................................................... 86
KAH WEE KOH .......................................................................... 8
HALINA GABRYŚ ..................................................................... 20
KAI-WUN YEH........................................................................... 3
HANNES WENINGER ............................................................... 17
KALTRINA JUSUFI ................................................................... 46
HARALLAMB PAÇE.................................................................. 77
KASTRIOT BELEGU............................................................ 87, 88
HASAN CANI ..................................................................... 78, 79
KASTRIOT KORRO............................................................. 51, 66
HAZBI BIÇAKU......................................................................... 85
KATARINA VOGEL-MIKUŠ............................................18, 25, 41
HEKURAN HUNA..................................................................... 80
KATARZYNA KURYŁOWICZ...................................................... 20
HEKURAN VRAPI..................................................................... 86
KLAJDI NALLBANI ................................................................... 29
HELGA TOPI ............................................................................ 70
KLAUS LÜNING ....................................................................... 15
HERIBERT HIRT ....................................................................... 15
KLAUS-J. APPENROTH .......................................................... 1, 2
HERMANN BOTHE .................................................................. 22
KLODIAN DEDOLLI.................................................................. 80
HO-KU CHEN............................................................................. 8
KRASIMIRA UZUNOVA...................................................... 39, 59
HOLTA ÇOTA........................................................................... 56
KRENAIDA TARE ..................................................................... 48
HSUEH-HAN LU......................................................................... 3
KRENAR GOZHDARI................................................................ 24
HYSEN BYTYQI ........................................................................ 20
KRISTAQ BËRXHOLI ...............................................26, 51, 55, 66
I
KRISTELA BEJKO ..................................................................... 68 KRUM BOSKOV................................................................... 9, 10
IGNO TASEV............................................................................ 17
KUJTIM UKA ....................................................................... 5, 49
ILIR KRISTO ....................................................................... 37, 95
KURTESH SHERIFI ............................................................. 26, 66
INA VEJSIU .............................................................................. 43 IRENA SEFERI .......................................................................... 53
L
ISMIJE SAITI ............................................................................ 51
LAURA BINXHIJA ( QESKA )..................................................... 67
ISOLDE SCHUSTER .................................................................. 55
LAURA GJYLI ................................................................62, 71, 72
IVAN KREFT............................................................................. 41
LAURA PEDATA ...................................................................... 52
J
LEA OROŽEN........................................................................... 41 LEDI PITE ................................................................................ 14
JAMARBER MALLTEZI ............................................................. 28
LEFTER KASHTA .................................................................. 7, 87
JEANNETTE PFALZ................................................................... 39
LEFTERI NIKOLLA .................................................................... 57
JERINA KOLITARI......................................................... 62, 71, 72
LEI WANG............................................................................... 22
JOANA KOKALARI ................................................................... 48
LILJANA QORRI ....................................................................... 14
JOLDA ZOTAJ .......................................................................... 48
LIRI MIHO ......................................................................... 13, 53
JONIDA KALAJA....................................................................... 12
LIRIKA KUPE............................................................................ 63
JOSEF BÖHM........................................................................... 93
LORENA HYSI.......................................................................... 62
JOSINA SELAMI ................................................................. 83, 84
LUAN HAJNO ......................................................................... 79
JOZEF BUJKO .......................................................................... 58
LUAN HAJNO .......................................................................... 64
JUDITH FLIEGMANN ............................................................... 22
LUAN HAJNO, ......................................................................... 70
JUERGEN FROEHLICH.............................................................. 17
LUIGJ TURMALAJ.................................................................... 29
JULIA DÖRING......................................................................... 23
LULEZIM SHUKA ................................................................6, 7, 8
JULIAN SHEHU .................................................................. 63, 86
LULEZIME HAXHA .................................................................. 83
JUTTA LUDWIG-MÜLLER ........................................................ 23
LULJETA XHANGOLLI .............................................................. 82
Abstract book
Page 102
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT
LULZIM MILLAKU.................................................................... 59
MUHARREM SEJDIU ............................................................... 13
LUMTURI PAPA....................................................................... 74
MUHİTTİN DİNÇ ............................................................... 10, 54
LUMTURI SENA................................................................. 61, 92
MURAT XHULAJ...................................................................... 90
M
N
M. GERDZHIKOVA................................................................... 45
NASUF ABDII .......................................................................... 90
MAGDALENA CARA .......................................................... 30, 62
NATALIA VLLAMASI ................................................................ 50
MAJLINDA VASJARI................................................................. 46
NATASHA HODO .................................................................... 50
MALVINA KODHELAJ .............................................................. 56
NAZMI AJAZI .................................................................... 78, 79
MANUELA BERND................................................................... 17
NAZMI HASANI................................................................. 75, 76
MARC MERTENS ..................................................................... 55
NEFRUS ҪELIKU ...................................................................... 89
MARIA NOVOKRESHCHENOVA............................................... 20
NEHAT ÇOLLAKU .................................................................... 27
MARIE HELBIG ........................................................................ 23
NICK BERGAU ......................................................................... 23
MARIJAN NEČEMER................................................................ 41
NIKITOVIC J. ............................................................................. 9
MARINA TOSHESKA .......................................................... 39, 59
NIKOLIN DAIJA........................................................................ 80
MARJANA REGVAR ..................................................... 18, 25, 41
NIKOLLAQ BARDHI ................................................................ 89
MARJOL MEÇO ....................................................................... 87
NIKOLOVSKA N......................................................................... 9
MARKUS ALBERT .................................................................... 22
NUE MARKU........................................................................... 66
MARSEL KEҪI .................................................................... 81, 93 MARSELA ALIKAJ..................................................................... 44
O
MARSILDA QYLI (MEMAJ)....................................................... 41
ODETA TOTA .......................................................................... 95
MARTIN GROSCHUP ............................................................... 55
OLIVER LEKAJ......................................................................... 69
MATEJA POTISEK .................................................................... 18
OLIVER LEKAJ ......................................................................... 67
MATEVŽ LIKAR.................................................................. 18, 41
OLSI NIKA ............................................................................. 7, 8
MATIC PEČOVNIK ................................................................... 18
ORJADA SHOTI ....................................................................... 57
MATILDA SHEHU .................................................................... 32
ORNELA BOÇOVA ................................................................... 34
MATTHIAS R. ZIMMERMANN ................................................... 3 MAYANK SHARMA.................................................................. 33
P
MEHMED HALIL ...................................................................... 39
PANDELI MARKU .................................................................... 13
MERITA RUMANO ............................................................ 57, 70
PASHK LEKAJ ......................................................................... 69
MERITA STAFASANI ................................................................ 43
PAULA PONGRAC ............................................................. 25, 41
MERITA XHETANI.................................................................... 53
PETRIT CAKIRRI....................................................................... 43
MIHALLAQ QIRJO ..................................................................... 6
PETRIT HODA ..................................................................6, 8, 87
MILAN MARKOVIĆ.................................................................. 29
PFAFFL W. MICHAEL............................................................... 35
MILENA ĐOKIĆ........................................................................ 29
PJERIN SHOSHI ....................................................................... 50
MIMOZA MUKAJ............................................................... 30, 47
PLAMENA ATANASOVA.......................................................... 59
MING-TSAIR CHAN ................................................................... 8
PRANVERA MZIU.............................................................. 67, 69
MIRELA LIKA (ÇEKANI) ...................................................... 34, 42
PRIMOŽ PELICON ........................................................18, 25, 41
MITJA KELEMEN ......................................................... 18, 25, 41
PRIMOŽ VAVPETIČ ................................................................. 18
MOLTINE PREBIBAJ................................................................. 61
PRIMOŽ VAVPETIČ ......................................................18, 25, 41
MUHAMED ZOGAJ.................................................................. 73 MUHARREM SALIHAJ.............................................................. 98
Abstract book
Page 103
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture"
Q QATIP DODA........................................................................... 89 QENDRIM ZEBELI .................................................................... 93 QËNDRIM ZEBELI .................................................................... 19
R RAIMONDA LILO ..................................................................... 28 RAIMONDA TOTONI (LILO) ..................................................... 54 RALF BERND KLÖSGEN ..................................................... 33, 36 Ralf Oelmüller........................................................................... 1 RASKA GEORGIEV ................................................................... 59 RENATA KONGOLI .................................................................. 24 RESMIJE IMERI........................................................................ 59 REXHEP BAJRAMAJ ................................................................. 29 REXHEP UKA ........................................................................... 92 REZANA PENGU ...................................................................... 81 RIFAT MORINA ......................................................................... 5 ROBERT CONNOR ............................................................. 49, 60 ROLAND ҪELA ......................................................................... 37 ROMEO BOÇI .............................................................. 12, 87, 88 ROZA ALLABASHI .............................................................. 28, 36 ROZAFA FETAHAJ.................................................................... 73 ROZETA HASALLIU .................................................................. 24 RRAHIM SEJDIU ...................................................................... 13 RREZE GECAJ .................................................................... 26, 35 RUDINA KOÇI.......................................................................... 86 RUZHDI KEÇI ..................................................................... 12, 80 RYAN L PERROY ...................................................................... 95
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT SKENDER VARAKU.................................................................. 47 SOFIANA MAI ......................................................................... 30 SOKRAT JANI .................................................................... 13, 53 SONA PANDEY........................................................................ 25 SPASE SHUMKA.................................................................... 7, 8 STEFAN BENNEWITZ............................................................... 23 STELA RUCI............................................................................. 64 SUELA BUSHI .......................................................................... 94 SULEJMAN SULÇE........................................................28, 31, 37 SÜLEYMAN DOĞU .......................................................10, 11, 54 SUSANN AUER........................................................................ 23 SWARUP ROY CHOUDHURY ................................................... 25 SYLË SYLANAJ ......................................................................... 73
T T. ZHELYAZKOVA .................................................................... 45 TAFË VESELAJ ......................................................................... 98 TANJA KAMBURI .................................................................... 82 TATJANA KOKAJ ..................................................................... 11 TAULANT BINO......................................................................... 7 TAULANT MITRUSHI............................................................... 77 THANAS RUCI ................................................................... 30, 86 TOKLI THOMAJ ....................................................................... 77 TONI KIRANDJSKI.............................................................. 49, 60 TRAJKOVSKI BOGE.................................................................... 9 TURAN AKDAĞ ................................................................. 10, 54
U URSULA FÜRST ....................................................................... 22
S
UTE HOLTZEGEL ..................................................................... 32
SABAH SENA ........................................................................... 61
V
SABINE MARSCHOLLEK........................................................... 23 SAJMIR BEQIRAJ ........................................................... 7, 14, 64 SALTAMARSKI Z. ....................................................................... 9 SAMI KRYEZIU..................................................................... 9, 10 SEIT SHALLARI............................................................. 31, 37, 95 SHEJLA HASANI....................................................................... 52 SHEVAL MEMISHI ................................................................... 65 SHI-PENG CHEN ........................................................................ 3 SHPEND SHAHINI.................................................................... 91 SIDORELA SKENDERAJ ............................................................ 53 SILVANA DERVISHI................................................................. 65
Abstract book
VALBONA ALIKO..........................................................41, 51, 97 VALBONA HOBDARI ....................................................72, 73, 95 VALBONA KOLANECI .............................................................. 38 VALBONA SIMIXHIU ............................................................... 27 VALBONA SOTA................................................................ 27, 74 VALDET GJINOVCI............................................................5, 6, 49 VANIA DIMOVA ...................................................................... 59 VASIL PRIFTI ........................................................................... 12 VATH TABAKU .................................................................. 78, 79 VEZIR JANUZI.......................................................................... 92
Page 104
Second International Conference "Biotechnology in Agriculture" VILSON BOZGO ....................................................................... 62 VJOLLCA GJINI ........................................................................ 47 VJOLLCA IBRO......................................................................... 61 VLADIMIR HATIA .................................................................... 12
W WALTHER VETTER................................................................... 15 WERONIKA KRZESZOWIEC...................................................... 20 WOLFGANG LÖFFELHARDT ...................................................... 2
X
18 - 19 April 2017, Tirana, AUT XHILIOLA BIXHEKU ................................................................. 85
Y YANN FICHOU ........................................................................ 53 YAVUZ BAĞCI ......................................................................... 11 YLLKA (MIJA) ÇANI............................................................ 60, 76
Z ZAMIRA HOXHA ..................................................................... 81 ZAMIRA XOXHA...................................................................... 26 ZHANETA ZEKAJ (TROJANI)..................................................... 32
XHELIL KOLECI ...................................................... 12, 49, 60, 80
ZLATKO PRCULOVSKI.......................................................... 9, 10
XHEVDET ELEZI ....................................................................... 92
ZYDI TEQJA ....................................................................... 52, 89
Abstract book
Page 105
