Key Engineering Materials Vols. 277-279 (2005) pp. 816-823 online at http://www.scientific.net Journal (to Publications, be inserted bySwitzerland the publisher) © 2005 Citation Trans Tech Copyright by Trans Tech Publications
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Detection of Russian Fires Using MOPITT and MODIS Data Sanghee Lee1, Gi-Hyuk Choi1, Hyo-Suk Lim1, Joo-Hee Lee1, Kwon-Ho Lee2, Young-Joon Kim2 and Jhoon Kim3 1
Satellite Operation & Application Center, Korea Aerospace Research Institute, P.O.Box 113, Yuseong Daejeon, 305-600, Korea (Author for correspondence :
[email protected])
2
Advanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center (ADEMRC), Dept. of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kwangju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST) 3
Atmospheric Radiation Laboratory/ Ozone Observatory Global Environment Laboratory, Yonsei University
Keywords: Carbon Monoxide, Aerosol, Russian Forest Fires, MOPITT, MODIS.
Abstract. The great fires were detected through the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations over Northeast Asia. The large amount of smoke produced near Lake Baikal was transported to East Asia using high Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) as seen through the satellite images. The smoke pollution from the Russian forest fires would sometimes reach Korea through Mongolia and eastern China. In May 2003, a number of large fires blazed through eastern Russian, producing a thick, widespread pall of smoke over much of East Asia. This study focuses on the identification of the carbon monoxide (CO) for MOPITT released from MOPITT primarily into East Asia during the Russian Fires. In the wake of the fires, the 700hPa MOPITT retrieved CO concentrations which reached up to 250ppbv. Smoke aerosol retrieval using a separation technique was also applied to the MODIS data observed in 14-22 May 2003. Large AOT, 2.0 ~ 5.0, was observed over Korea on 20 May 2003 due to the influence of the long range transport of smoke aerosol plume from the Russian Fires. Introduction The troposphere is a region of great chemical diversity and activity, which contains many important trace gases that are produced through natural and anthropogenic processes. These trace gases affect the chemistry of the entire atmosphere, and have a direct impact on the quality of the air we breathe. It also plays an important role in the greenhouse effect and in climatic changes [Wang et al., 1998]. Large amounts of trace gases and aerosol particles are emitted from biomass burning [Crutzen and Andreae, 1990; Houghton et al., 1990]. These gases and aerosols produced by fires play important roles in atmospheric chemistry, cloud microphysics, and radiation balance in the lower atmosphere. Smoke particles from forest fires have an impact on the atmosphere mainly due to the attenuation of sunlight and the change in cloud microphysics. Recently, it has become evident through estimates from satellite remote sensing data that biomass burning plays an important role in maintaining regional air quality and atmospheric chemistry. Siberia is the world’s major boreal forest fire area. Extensive fire activity occurred across the border of Russia, particularly east of Lake Baikal between the Amur and Lena rivers in May 2003. The smoke pollution from the Russian forest fires reached Northeast Asia through Mongolia, eastern China, Korea, and Japan. According to the situation report of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia on 18 May 2003, a total of 667 fires affected 23,729 ha of forested and 4,610 ha of non-forested areas [http://www.fire.uni-freiburg.de/GFMCnew/2003/0520/20030520_ru.htm]. In this paper, we analyzed remote sensing techniques for systematically monitoring and studying Russian forest fires, including the detection of fire positions, mapping and identification of smoke plume, quantity of increased trace gases, and retrieval of smoke aerosol optical properties.
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