BapJw ‘Xp≈nIƒ’ H∂v, c≠v ¢mpIfnte°p≈ h¿Iv jo‰pIfpsS kamlmcw
cmah¿a]pcw 30.01.2015
Xp≈nIƒ tNcptºmƒ..... hnZym`ymk AhImi\nbaw (2009) \nehn¬ h∂tXmsS F√m ss{]adn hZym¿YnIfpw ¢mv Ib‰w e`n°m≥ A¿lXbp≈hcmbncn°pIbmWv. bm{¥nIambn F√mhtcbpw Htct]mse Pbn∏n®phnSpI F∂X√ CXns‚ A¿Yw. XßfpsS ap∂nseØp∂ Hmtcm hnZym¿Yntbbpw Pbn°m≥ Ignhp≈hcm°p∂Xn\p≈ DØchmZnXzamWv \mw ChnsS Gs‰Sp°p∂Xv . F√m Ip´nItfbpw Pbn°m≥ tbmKyXbp≈hcm°Ww. F√mhtcbpw ]camh[n ]T\ \nehmcØn¬ FØn°Ww. CXn\mbn IqSpX¬ ^e{]Zamb ]T\m\p`h߃ Is≠ØpIbpw \¬IpIbpw sNtø≠n bncn°p∂p. ]mT]pkvXI߃°∏pdw, anI® ]T\ {]h¿Ø\߃ Is≠Øn Ip´nIƒ°p \¬Im\p≈ A[ym]IcpsS {ia߃ {]k‡amIp∂Xv ChnsSbmWv. H∂v, c≠v ¢mpIfn¬ {]tXyIw h¿°v jo‰pIƒ Xømdm°n tijnIfpw ]T\t\´ßfpw Dd∏n°m\p≈ {]h¿Ø\߃ A[ym]I¿ H‰sbm‰bmbn Gs‰SpØp \S∏nem°p∂p≠v. Ch hfsc ^e{]Zhpw KpWIchpamWv. Ip´nIƒ°v {]mYanIamb A£ct_m[hpw kwJymt_m[hpw e`n°p∂n√ F∂p ImWn°p∂ ]T\^e߃ (Ak¿ k¿s∆, 2014) IqSn ]pdØp h∂psIm≠ncn°p∂ Cu ]›mØeØn¬, CØcØnep≈ h¿°v jo‰pIfpsS D]-tbmKw hym]n-∏n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Cusbmcp kmlNcyØnemWv H∂v c≠v ¢mpIfn¬ D]tbmKn°m\p≈ h¿°v jo‰pIƒ cq]s∏SpØn Pn√bnemIam\w ]¶p shbv°m≥ Xr»q¿ Pn√mhnZym`ymk ]cnioe\ tI{µw (Ub‰v) Ahkcsamcp°p∂Xv. ‘Xp≈nIƒ’ F∂ t]cnep≈ h¿Iv jo‰pIfpsS Cu kamlmcw D]tbmKs∏SpØp∂Xn\p≈ Pn√m \n¿t±i߃ hmbn®v Ch {]tbmP\s∏SpØWw hnZym`ymk ]cnioe\ tI{µw F∂`y¿Yn°p∂p. H∂v, c≠v ¢mpIfnse ]T\anIhv Dd∏p (U-b-‰v) Xr»q¿, hcpØm≥ Ch D]Imc{]ZamIpw F∂v {]Xo£n°p∂p. cmah¿a]pcw ]n H 680631 email :
[email protected] kn. website :www.dietthrissur.org _m_p blog : diettsr.blogspot.in {]n≥kn∏mƒ, Pn√m hnZym`ymk ]cnioe\ tI{µw (Ub‰v), Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈nIƒ’ H∂v, c≠v ¢mpIfnte°p≈ h¿Iv jo‰pIfpsS kamlmcw
‘Xp≈nIƒ’ inev]imebn¬ ]s¶SpØh¿
{ioaXn. Paoe.Sn, Pn.F¬.]n.Fkv. sNdp-Øp-cpØn {ioaXn. tcmjv\n.hn.sI, _n.B¿.kn. sNm∆-∂q¿ {ioaXn. IhnX.sI.F≥, bp.B¿.kn. Xr»q¿ {ioaXn. Pnj.kn.bp, F≥.Fkv.F¬.]n.Fkv. aS-Øpw-]Sn ]{Xm[n]¿ {ioaXn. an\n.sI.Fkv, F¬.]n.Fkv. Fw.Pn. Imhv {io. kn _m_p {]n≥kn∏mƒ, Ub‰v, Xr»q¿ {ioaXn. en‰n¬.F.sI, sk‚ v B‚-Wokv bp.]n.Fkv. t]cm{º {ioaXn. enk.]n.tPmkv, sI.C.kn.bp.]n.Fkv. t]m´ {ioaXn. _nµp.sP.X´n¬, _n.B¿.kn. ap√-t»cn {ioaXn. APnX.‰n.Fkv, _n.B¿.kn. Xfn-°pfw hnZKv[ ]cntim[\ tUm. {]tamZv sI \mdmØv {ioaXn. sI.sI.eoemw-_nI, _n.B¿.kn. tN¿∏v {ioaXn. en√n.C.Fw, F.F¬.]n.Fkv s]cn-t©cn Ub‰v, Xr»q¿ {ioaXn. kn_n.sI.\mcm-b-W≥, F.F¬.]n.Fkv. Nmgq¿ {io. hn. Sn Pbdmw {ioaXn. tcWpI.hn.Fw, _n.B¿.kn. ]pg-bv°¬ Ub‰v, Xr»q¿ {ioaXn. hnPb.sI.Fkv, _n.B¿.kn. sImSp-ß-√p¿ {ioaXn. Znhy.sI.hn, _n.B¿.kn. amf {ioaXn. tPmkn k°-dnb, Pn.bp.]n.Fkv. hc-Snbw {ioaXn. jo_.]n.B¿, _n.B¿.kn. aXn-eIw GtIm]\w {ioaXn. hn.Fkv._nµp, _n.B¿.kn. Nme-°pSn tUm. ]n. cmaIrjvW≥ {ioaXn. ]n.B¿.KoXmIpamcn, Pn.bp.]n.Fkv. Nq≠¬ Ub‰v, Xr»q¿ {ioaXn. KoX.sI.hn, _n.B¿.kn, Nmh-°mSv {io. {]Pojv Xºn aqe-∏m´v, F≥.F¬.]n.Fkv. aWen {ioaXn. ‰n.]n.kp`{Z, skUv.Fw.F¬.]n.Fkv. tImegn {io. ]n.hn.B‚p, _n.B¿.kn. sImS-Ic {ioaXn. kn.F.sUbvkn, Pn.bp.]n.Fkv. ]mh-d´n {ioaXn. Po\.]n.sI, _n.B¿.kn. A¥n-°mSv {ioaXn. Po≥.F.sP, _n.B¿.kn. H√q-°c {io. kPohvIpam¿.sI, _n.B¿.kn. ]gb∂q¿ Nn{X߃ {io. ]n.kn.Im¿Øn-tI-b≥, F≥.Fkv.F®v.Fkv. hmfq¿ en]n {ioaXn cay.sI.B¿ hn\ymkw Inj≥ tIm∏n sk‚¿, ]me°mSv Pn√m hnZym`ymk ]cnioe\ tI{µw (U-b-‰v), Xr»q¿, cmah¿a]pcw ]n H 680631 email :
[email protected] website :www.dietthrissur.org blog : diettsr.blogspot.in
ap{ZWw
\n¿t±-i-߃
‘Xp≈nIƒ’ D]tbmKn°ptºmƒ........... 2014˛15 A[yb\h¿jw apX¬ \ΩpsS hnZymebßfn¬ amdnb ]mTy]≤Xn A\pkcn®p≈ ]pXnb ]mT]pkv X I߃ D]tbmKn®p XpSßnbncn°pIbmWt√m. kp\n›nXamb ]T\t\´ßsf e£yw sh®psIm≠p≈ {]h¿Ø\ßfpw ]mT`mKßfpamWv Cu ]pkvXIßfn¬ Dƒs∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv. H∂v, c≠v ¢mpIsf kw_‘n®nStØmfw, hmb\, teJ\w apXemb ASnÿm\ `mjmtijnIfpw KWnX t_m[hpw e`yam°pI F∂Xv ]T\ e£yßfn¬ {][m\amWv. CXn\p≈ [mcmfw {]h¿Ø\߃ ]pXnb ]mT]pkvXIßfn¬ \¬Inbn´pap≠v. F∂m¬ ]mT]pkvXIßfnse {]h¿Ø\߃sIm≠p am{Xw F√m Ip´nIfnepw ]T\ e£y߃ Dd∏phcpØm≥ Ign™psIm≈Wsa∂n√. ]mT`mKßfn¬ AhXcn∏n® A£cßfptSbpw Nn”ßfptSbpw ]ZßfptSbpw hmb\°pw FgpØn\pw DXIp∂ IqSpX¬ kµ¿`߃ Ip´n°v e`nt°≠Xp≠v. ]cnNbn® KWnXtijnIƒ Bh¿Øn®pd∏n t°≠Xpap≠v. tIhew bm{¥nIamb Bh¿Ø\amImsX ]Tn® A£cßfpw Nn”ßfpw KWnX{InbIfpsa√mw Dd∏n°p∂Xn\p≈ t_m[]q¿∆amb {ia߃ D≠mIWw. CØcØnep≈ ]p\c\p`h߃°pth≠n ^e{]Zambn D]tbmKn°mhp∂ ]T\kma{KnIfmWv h¿Iv jo‰pIƒ. ]mTØnte°p {]thin°m\pw ]T\{]h¿Ø\ßtfmsSm∏hpw ]T\Øn\p tijap≈ hnebncpØen\pw Bh¿Ø\Øn\pw h¿°v jo‰pIƒ D]tbmKn°mdp≠v. h¿°v jo‰pIfpsS D]tbmKØn\v Hmtcm kµ¿`ßfnepw AXnt‚Xmb Dt±iyßfpw {]tbmP\ßfpap≠v. H∂mw ¢mnse ]T\{]h¿Ø\ßfptSbpw ¢mkv dqw BhiyIXIfpsSbpw ASnÿm\Øn¬ cq]s∏SpØnb h¿Iv jo‰pIfmWv Xp≈nIfn¬ Dƒs∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv. c≠mw XcØnepw Ch D]tbmKn°mw. A[yb\h¿jØns‚ Ahkm\w Bh¿Ø\Øn\pw ]cnlmct_m[\Øn\pw Ch {]tbmP\s∏SWw F∂mWv e£yan´n´p≈Xv. A£cßfptSbpw ]ZßfptSbpw {InbIfptSbpw {]mtbmKnI {]iv\]cnlcWØnt‚bpw bm{¥nIa√msXbp≈ ]p\cp]tbmKØn\pw teJ\Øn\pap≈ km[yXIfmWv ChnsS D]tbmKs∏SpØnbn´p≈Xv. A[yb\h¿jmhkm\w e`n°p∂ 30 {]hrØnZnhkßsf ap∂n¬ I≠psIm≠mWv Cu h¿Iv jo‰pIƒ Xømdm°nbncn°p∂Xv. `mj, KWnXw F∂o hnjbßsf ASnÿm\am°nbp≈ A≥]Xp hoXw h¿°v jo‰pIƒ Xp≈nIfn¬ D≠v. Hcp h¿Iv jo‰nse {]h¿Ø\w \¬Ip∂Xn\v icmicn 20 an\n´v kabw hcpsa∂mWv IW°m°p∂Xv. Hmtcm Znhkhpw kuIcy{]ZamIp∂ Hcp ]ncoUv (40 an\n´v) D]tbmKn®v c≠p h¿°v jo‰nse {]h¿Ø\߃ sNømw. Aßs\ 30 Znhkw sIm≠v NpcpßnbXv 60 h¿°v jo‰pIsf¶nepw D]tbmKn°mhp∂ Hcp {]h¿Ø\ ]mt°PmWnXv. `mjbnepw KWnXØnepw Xømdm°nbn´p≈ A≥]Xp hoXw h¿°v jo‰pIfn¬ \n∂v BhiyIX°\pkcn®v 30 hoXw h¿Iv jo‰pIƒ A[ym]nI°v sXcs™Sp°mw. Ip´nIfpsS ]T\\nehmcw Db¿Øp∂Xn\pw Dd∏n°p∂Xn\pambn t_m[]q¿∆w Bkq{XnXambn \SØp∂ CSs]Sembn´mWv Cu h¿°v jo‰pIfpsS D]tbmKsØ ImtW≠Xv. B A¿YØn¬ KthjWmflIhpw imkv { Xobhpamb ]T\{]h¿Ø\ambn CXns\ D]tbmKs∏SpØpI. ]mt°Pnse {]h¿Ø\߃ \¬InØpSßp∂Xn\pap≥]v AXXp taJeIfn¬ Xs‚ Ip´nIfpsS \nehmcsa¥mbncp∂psh∂v [mcWbps≠¶nte Cu h¿°v jo‰pIfnse {]h¿Ø\߃sIm≠v GtXXp {]tbmP\ßfmWv D≠mbsX∂v \ap°v hnebncpØm\mhq. Cßs\ hkvXp\njvTamb hnebncpØepIƒ \SØm≥ Cu {]h¿Ø\]mt°PneqsS km[n°Ww. ssZ\wZn\ ]T\{]h¿Ø\߃°p ]Icambn sNøm\p≈hb√ Cu h¿°vjo‰p Isfm∂pw. CXv ]mT]pkvXI߃°p ]Ichpa√. klmbI]T\kma{KnIƒ am{XamWnh. ]mTy]≤Xnbn¬ hn`mh\w sNbvXn´p≈ tijnIfpw ]T\ t\´ßfpw Dd∏m°p∂Xn\pw Bhiysa¶n¬ Bh¿Øn°p∂Xn\pw th≠nbp≈hbmWv.
Ip´nIƒ°v kzbw sNømhp∂ coXnbnemWv {IaoIcn®n´p≈sX¶nepw Xp≈nIfnse ]T\ {]h¿Ø\߃ sNøp∂Xn\v A[ym]nIbpsS ta¬t\m´hpw am¿K\n¿t±ihpw BhiyamWv. A£camem {IaØntem kwJym{IaØntem A√ Ch {IaoIcn®ncn°p∂Xv. Hmtcm h¿°v jo‰nepw `n∂ Xe°m¿°p≈ {]h¿Ø\ km[yX Dƒs∏SpØm≥ {ian®n´p≠v. Ip´nIfpsS ]T\ t\´ßƒ hnebncpØp∂Xn\pw A[ym]nI°v Cu h¿°v jo‰pIƒ D]tbmKn°mw. Ip´nIfpsS {]¿Ø\߃ A[ym]nI ]cntim[n°pIbpw tcJs∏SpØpIbpw sNøWw. hnhn[ taJeIfn¬ Ip´nIfpsS \nehmcw F¥mWv F∂v Ip´nIsfbpw c£nXm°tfbpw Adnbn°p∂Xn\v Cu tcJs∏Spج {]tbmP\IcamWv. AXXpkabßfn¬ Ip´nIƒ°pw c£nXm°ƒ°pw Bhiyamb \n¿t±i߃ A[ym]nI \¬IWw. hoSpIfnte°v sImSpØphn´v sNbvXp hcm\p≈hb√ Cu h¿Iv jo‰pIƒ. A[ym]nIbpsS ta¬t\m´Øn¬ Xs∂ \St°≠ {]h¿Ø\ßfmWnh. Ip´nIsf kw_‘n®nStØmfw hm¿jnI aqey\n¿Wb{]h¿Ø\߃°p≈ aps∂mcp°ambpw Cu {]h¿Ø\ßsf ImWmw. HmtcmcpØcpw sNbvX h¿°v jo‰pIƒ t]m¿´v t^mfntbm B°n tiJcn®p shbv°mhp∂XmWv. Hmtcm Znhkhpw Ip´nIƒ sNøp∂ {]h¿Ø\߃ c£nXm°ƒ ImWs´. c£nXm°fpsS klmbtØmsS IqSpX¬ ]Zßtfm hmIyßttfm {]iv\ßtfm Is≠Øp ∂Xn\v \n¿t±in°mw. FgpØn\v IqSpX¬ Ahkcsamcp°pIbmWv Cu {]h¿Ø\ßfneqsS sNbvXncn °p∂Xv. FgpXp∂Xnse sX‰pIƒ Is≠Øn Ip´nIsf t_m[ys∏SpØpIbpw icnbmb amXrI ]cnNbs∏SpØpIbpw thWw. ]nt∂m°w \n¬°p∂ Ip´nIƒ°v A[ym]nIbpsS {]tXyIw klmbw Bhiyambn hcpw. Ipsd {]h¿Ø\߃ H∂n®v sNøn°p∂XpsIm≠v {]tbmP\an√. AXv Ip´nIfn¬ Bib°pg∏ap≠m°ntb°mw. A£cßfptSbpw Nn”ßfptSbpw BteJ\w, D®mcWw F∂nhbn¬ {]XyIw {i≤ BhiyamWv. A[ym]nIbpsS amXrIbmWv Ip´n A\pIcn°p∂Xv. t\Snb tijnIƒ Bh¿Øn°p∂Xn\pw, Dd∏n°p∂Xn\pw hn´pt]mbh kzmbØam°p ∂Xn\pw ]cnlmct_m[\Øn\pw Cu {]h¿Ø\]mt°Pv {]tbmP\s∏Spsa∂v IcpXp∂p. ASnÿm\ `mjmtijnIfpw KWnXtijnIfpw Dd∏n°p∂Xn\pth≠n Cu ‘Xp≈nIƒ’ ^e{]Zambn D]tbmKs∏SpØWw. ¢mkv Ib‰w e`n°p∂ Hmtcm Ip´nbpw ASnÿm\ tijnIƒ t\Sp∂p F∂v Dd∏p hcpØm≥ CXneqsS Ignbp∂p. Xp≈nIƒ cq]Iev]\ sNøp∂Xn\pw kamlcn°p∂Xn\pw {]bXv\n® A[ym]ItcmSv \µn ]dbp∂p. Pn√m XeØn¬ H∂v c≠v ¢mpIfnse A[ym]IcpsS A°mZanI Iq´mbvabmbn CXv hf¿∂p hcWw. HsØmcpatbmsS ]cn{ian®m¬ Ip´nIfpsS ]T\anIhn\p th≠n Ht´sd Imcy߃ \ap°v sNøm\mhpw. D]tbmKn®tijw Cu h¿°v j o‰pIsf∏‰nbp≈ {]XnIcW߃ Xo¿®bmbpw Pn√mhnZym`ymk ]cnioe\ tI{µ(U- b - ‰ v ) sØ Adnbn°Ww. hcpw h¿jßfn¬ Ch ]pXp°p∂Xn\pw sa®s∏SpØp∂Xn\pw B A`n{]mb߃ hfsc {]tbmP\{]ZamIpw
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
1
BtLmjw Nn{Xw t\m°q
GXv BtLmjØns‚ Nn{XamWv CXv ? Is≠Øn h´w hc°q. Nn{X-Øn\p Xmsg t]sc-gp-Xq. HmWw
{InkvXpakv
kzmX{¥yZn\w
hnhcWw ]q¿Ønbm°q ........................................................................ sI´n ........................................................................ Db¿Øn ........................................................................ \¬In ........................................................................ ]mSn 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
]XmI tZiobKm\w tXmcWw anTmbn
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
2
B\
IÆ\m\ D’hØn\v t]mhpIbmWv.
hcnIƒ hmbn°q. IqSpX¬ hcnIƒ FgpXpI. IdpIdpsØmcp B\ Ip´nsImº\m\ ............................................................................... ............................................................................... ............................................................................... ............................................................................... ............................................................................... ...............................................................................
B\-bpsS hnti-jW - ß - ƒ tN¿Øv ]qcn-∏n-°p-I. IdpØ B\ ........................................................ B\ ......................................................................
tT,tT shSn s]m´n B\ hnct≠mSn BfpIƒ Fßpw NnXdn.
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1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
3
A∏phpw Nn∏nbpw lmbv! A∏Øns‚ aWw ........... aÆn¬ Ifn®p sIm≠ncn°pIbmbncp∂ A∏p ASp°fbntet°mSn. DÆnb∏w, s\ø∏w, Ipge∏w, ]me∏w, h´b∏w... F{Xsb{X A∏߃..........A∏p Nn∏nsb hnfn®p.
‘∏’ hcp∂ ]Z߃ Is≠Øq. ASnhcbnSq. ‘∏’ hcp∂ IqSpX¬ ]Z߃ FgpXpI.
]∏Sw ..................................................
Nn∏n h∂p. A∏phpw Nn∏nbpw XΩn¬ Fs¥√mamWv ]d™n´p≠mhpI? kw`mjWw ]q¿Ønbm°pI.
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A∏p : \√ aWw hcp∂p≠v Nn∏n : F¥ns‚ aWamWv? A∏p : ............................................................................... Nn∏n : ...............................................................................
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A∏p : ...............................................................................
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Nn∏n : ...............................................................................
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A∏p : ............................................................................... Nn∏n : ...............................................................................
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
4
Iuie°mc\mb Im° Nn{Xßfn¬ Fs¥√mw? FgpXn t\m°q.
Nn{Xw t\m°n IY ]q¿Ønbm°q. Im° Zmln®v he™v Ccn°pIbmbncp∂p. ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
5
ame tIm¿°mw
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A£c ]pjv]ßfn¬ \n∂pw ]Z߃ Is≠Øn FgpXq. Nn”-߃ tN¿°-tW. ]mX
Is≠-Ønb ]Z-߃ D]-tbm-Kn®v hmIy-߃ \n¿Ωn-°q. DZm: he hoin
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
6
Fßs\ FgpXmw? ]qºm‰sb ]qhn\v ASpØv FØn°q..
A hcp∂ IqSp-X¬ ]Z-߃ Is≠-Øq. Fgp-Xq.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
7
Is≠Ømtam ? ] Nn
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hn
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Hmtcm I≈n-bn-tebpw ]Z-߃ Is≠-Øq. Xmsg Fgp-Xq.
Is≠-Ønb hm°p-Iƒ XpS-ßp∂ hmIy-߃ D≠m-°q. ]dh h∂p
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
8
tkm^n-bpsS NXpcw tkm^n hc® NXp-c-߃ t\m°q.
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CXnse A£-c-߃°v Nn”-߃ tN¿Øv F{X ]Z-߃ D≠m-°m≥ ]‰pw? Fgp-Xn-t\m-°q.
ame
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
9
XØΩ XØn\w Im´nse XØΩ XØnØØn XØΩ AØnacØn≥ XmgsØØn AØn∏gw sImØnØn∂p.
XØ-Ωbv°v \ndw \¬Imw
IhnXbn¬ F{X ‘Ø’D≠v ? Is≠Øq. ‘Ø’bpsS ASnbn¬ hcbv°q. ‘Ø’hcp∂ ]Z߃ FSpsØgpXq.
‘Ø’hcp∂ IqSpX¬ ]Z߃ Is≠Øn FgpXmtam?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
10
Hfn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmcv ? Nn{X-Øn¬ Hc-£cw Hfn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. B A£cw Is≠Øn \ndw \¬Iq.
Is≠Ønb A£cw hcp∂ ]Z߃ FgpXmtam?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
11
B`cWaWnbn°mw A£-cß - ƒ°v DNn-Xa - mb Nn”-߃ tN¿°q. Hfn-®n-cn-°p-∂h - sc Is≠-Ømw.
I
™
°
g
A
Ω
∏
º ‰
a
g
h
√
]
≈
°
S
m, n, o, p, q, v
Is≠-Ønb ]Z-߃ hcp∂ F{X hmIy-߃ D≠m°mw?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
12
H∂n¬ \n∂v HØncn Hcp ]ZØn¬ \n∂pw ]camh[n ]Z߃ \n¿Ωn°q. Iae
hnae
Imf-h≠n
Ie ___________
___________
___________
ae ___________
___________
___________
ISe
ag-hn√v
___________
___________
___________
___________
Acn-aWn
Xhf
]dh
___________
___________
___________
___________
___________
___________
Ifn-h≈w
IcSn
___________
___________
___________
___________
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
13
Imfh≠n Bh¿Øn®p hcp∂ A£cØn\p Np‰pw h´w hcbv°q. B A£cw hcp∂ a‰p ]Z߃ Is≠Øq.
IS IS IS IS Imfh≠n ]S ]S ]S ]S ]mSp∂p. NS ]S NS]S HmSp-∂p. Xcn-InS Xcn-InS Im´p-∂p.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
14
Im° h∂p! ]qcn-∏n-s®-gp-Xmtam? Im° h∂p. Acn
Xn∂p.
XØ h∂p. Acn Xn∂p. tImgn _________________________ Acn
_________________________
______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ Bsc√mw h∂p ?
Fs¥√mw Xn∂p ?
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
______________________________
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
15
sh≈hpw h≈hpw
Cu ]m´v ]mSq. CXn¬ \n∂pw ‘≈’ hcp∂ ]Z߃ Is≠Øn FSpsØgpXq.... h≈nbΩ sh≈Øn¬ h≈w X≈n hn´p. Xp≈n Xp≈nbmbn sh≈w h≈Ønembn. h≈w sh≈-Øn-em-bn.
‘≈’ hcp∂ IqSpX¬ ]Z߃ Is≠Ømtam?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
16
F{X hmIy߃? Im°
]mºv
B\ Cg™p
Xhf
\S∂p
]d∂p
NmSn
hmIy߃ Is≠Øn FgpXq....
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
17
apØ-»n-bpsS ]m{X-߃ apØ-»n-bpsS ]m{X-ßf - psS aqSn GsX-√m-sa∂v Is≠-Øm≥ klm-bn-°q. aqSnIƒ hc®v tbmPn∏n°q. AXnse ]Z߃ tN¿Øv hmIy߃ \n¿Ωn°q.
\\®p
aÆv
Inf®p
hnØv
hnX®p
sh≈w
Is≠Ønb hmIy߃ {IaØnem°mtam?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
18
XmcbpsS Nn{Xw
Xmc hc® Nn{Xw It≠m? Nn{XØn¬ ImWp∂Xv Fs¥√mw? Xmsg FgpXmtam?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
19
hoSpw IqSpw AΩphn\ps≠mcp
Im°bv°ps≠mcp
]iphn\ps≠mcp
]mºn\ps≠mcp
Nn{XØn\p ]Icw ]Zw D]tbmKn®v IhnX ]q¿Ønbm°n FgpXq..
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
20
hgn ImWnbv°q lmbv ! ]gpØp XpSpØ amºg߃ ! AÆmd°Æ\v hmbn¬ sh≈aqdn Fßs\ ]dnbv°pw? ‘¥’hcp∂ ]Z߃°v \ndw \¬Iq. hgn ImWn°q.........
Nm¥v
aµmcw
hf
]¥¬ Ip¥w tImgn ]¥w he ]dh A¥w ]mh ap¥ncn ]¥v Nµ\w \cn N¥w N¥ hmg AÆms‚ hgnbn¬ ImWp∂ ]Z߃ GsX√mw? FSp-sØ-gp-Xq.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
21
AΩphn\v Hcp kΩm\w AΩ h∂p. AΩphns\ hnfn®p. kΩm\ambn IΩ¬ sImSpØp. AΩmh≥ Ahƒs°mcp DΩ \¬In. AΩphn\v kt¥mjambn. IYbn¬ \n∂pw ‘Ω’ hcp∂ ]Z߃ Is≠Øn FgpXq.
Ω
‘Ω’ hcp∂ IqSpX¬ ]Z߃ Is≠Øq...
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
22
Iq´pIqSmw Ia-ebpw hna-ebpw kvIqfn¬\n∂ hcp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. At∏m-gmWv ag h∂-Xv.
Ia-eb - psSbpw hna-eb - p-sSbpw kw`m-jWw ]q¿Øn-bm-°q. Iae : \√ ag hnae
:
____________________________
Iae
:
]\n ]nSn°pw.
hnae
:
____________________________ Cd°mw
Iae
:
____________________________
ag XI¿Øp s]bvXp aebnepw ]pgbnepw ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
23
F{X ]q°fpsS t]cdnbmw? CXm ChnsS Ipd®p ]q°fpsS t]cpIƒ It≠m? Chbn¬ Htc A£cw hcp∂ ]q°ƒ XΩn¬ hc®v tbmPn∏n°mtam?
sX®n
Bº¬
ko\nb
a√nI
Xpº
Umenb
ap√
]n®n
amXrI t]mse FgpXq. sX®nbpw ]n®nbpw ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv .......................
24
kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
A£cacw Cu acØnse hm°pIƒ hmbn°q... Htc Nn”w hcp∂ hm°pIƒ Is≠Øq...
Xnc
]mhmS
Nncn
]pg
IpSw Xmc
]Sw
ASn
Nnch
ame
Infn
]md
hcw
acw
Iew
hSn
hne
Xmac apdw
]´nI ]q¿Ønbm°q.. Xnc
Noc
Xmc
acw
____________
____________ ____________
____________
____________
____________ ____________
____________
____________
____________ ____________
____________
____________
____________ ____________
____________
____________
____________ ____________
____________
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
25
R߃°pw ]dbm\p≠v ]d-bp-∂-Xm-cmWv? hc®p tbmPn-∏n-°q.
tImgn
Rm≥ ap´ Xcpw
]ip
Rm≥ hoSp Im°pw
]q®
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
26
AΩbpsS kvt\lw Nn{Xßfn¬ Fs¥√mw ImWp∂p? FgpXn t\m°q..
Hmtcm Nn{XØn\pw ASnbn¬ tbmPn® hmIyw FSpsØgpXq.. ]mºv Cg™ph∂p Ip™pßsf NndIn\Snbn¬ Hfn∏n®p tImgnbΩ t]Sn®p. ap´ hncn™p. IY FgpXmtam?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
27
AWns™mcpßmw ]qae°m´nse Sp´papbens‚ IeymWamWv . Im´nse arKßsf√mw I√ymWØn\v t]mIm≥ Hcp°w XpSßn. F√mhcpsSbpw B`cW߃ AØnacØns‚ s]mØn¬ s]´nbnemWv. s]´nbpambn an´pam≥ FØn. \oenIm° ]d∂ph∂p ]d™p. XmensI´mdmbn F√mhcpw thKw hcq. icnbmb B`cW߃ B`cWs∏´nbn¬ \n∂pw Is≠Øm≥ \n߃ klmbn°ptam?
In´papb¬
a Ø a e
AWn™p.
kpµcnØØ Np≠n¬ Nph∏v N b Ip´nbm\ \ ‰ ∏´ \oen°m° Idp∏v
sI´n. DS ∏
an∂p°pcß≥ a √∏ h Xmct°mgn ] Zkc
n o s v
tX®p.
C´p. NqSn
C´p
m p
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
w q Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
28
A£c®Xpcw AΩp D≠m°nb A£c®Xpcw t\m°q. B
ip
]
{Xn
I
\
\
¥v
tIm
cw
c
I
c
Ww
I
a
≥
N
D
a
Wn
Cu
¥
∏
\
Nn{XØn¬ F{X ]Z߃ Hfn®ncn°p∂ps≠∂v Is≠Øn h´Øn\p≈nem°q.
Is≠Ønb ]Z߃ FSpsØgpXpI. aIcw
]Z߃ D]tbmKn®v hmIy߃ D≠m°mw. DZm: ˛ AΩ Bip]{Xnbn¬ t]mbn. ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
29
Atøm !!
t\cw ]pecp∂p. Im° Ic™p. A\p Dd°apW¿∂p. Ahƒ ]Xnhpt]mse tImgn°qSn\SpsØØn. Atøm !! IqSp Xpd∂p InS°p∂t√m ! A\p ]ns∂ F¥p sNbvXp? IY apgph\m°mtam?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
30
\Sphnemcv If-ß-fn¬ \Sp-hn¬ Bsc∂v Is≠-Øq. Fgp-Xq.
a D
I hw
E
I `w
X
Ω
cw
≠n
Ww
N
Ip
A
h
\w
]
\w
b bw
`
Ww cw
Ifßfn¬ ]Z-߃ FSp-sØ-gp-Xq.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv .......................
31
kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
Nn√p-sIm-´mcw abn¬∏o-en-bn¬ hn´p-t]mb ]Z-߃ Fgp-Xq.
¬
abn
¬
am≥
≥
Im¿
¿
ƒ
¨
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
CX
ƒ
Iq¨
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
32
hoc≥ Fen
Rm\mWv Fen.-F-s∂-∏‰n ]d-™n-cn--°p∂ icn-bmb Imcy-߃°p-t\sc F∂pw sX‰m-b-hbv°p t\sc x F∂pw AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp-I. n
Fs∂ ho´n¬ hf¿Øm-dp-≠v.
n
F\n°v ]d-°m≥ Ignbpw.
n
Rm≥ ho´n-ep≈ km[-\-߃ Ic-≠p-Xn∂pw
n
F\n°v c≠v sImºp≠v.
n
F\n°v ]q®sb t]Sn-bm-Wv.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
√
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
33
dhbpw ]dbpw ‘d’bpsS ASn-bn¬ hc°q.
dh-sb-SpØv ]d \nd®p ]d-sb-SpØv Ad-bn¬ h®p Ad \ndsb dh \nd®p ‘d’ hcp∂ ]Z-߃ FSp-sØ-gp-Xq.
‘d’ hcp∂ IqSp-X¬ ]Z-߃ Is≠Øn F-gp-Xq.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
34
IzIv IzmIv Pohn-I-fpsS Nn{X-Øn\pw t]cn\pw i_vZ-Øn\pw Htc \ndw \¬Iq.
Izm°v....Izm°v....Izm°v....
]q® aymhq.....aymhq..... tImgn
_u.....-_u...... \mb
Xmdmhv
sIm°-c.....-tIm....-tIm.....
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
35
Hm IY ..........-te-™men ...........-W° - m-eØv .............-S\ - m-h´- Øvt]mbn. AhnsS sN∂t∏mƒ ...........-te-™m-en°v ...........-Sn-°-fn-°m≥ Hcp ...........-¥ns\ In´n. .............-te™m-enbpw.............¥pw ...........-eØ - p-ºØv ............-Sn-°f - n®p ckn-®p.
hn´p-t]mb ÿe-ßfn-se√mw ‘Hm’ Fs∂-gpXn hmbn®p t\m°q...
Hm hcp∂ ]Z-߃ Is≠Øn FgpXmw
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
36
kZy-sbm-cp-°m≥ kZysbmcp°m≥ sIm≠ph∂ ]®°dnIƒ Ifßfnep≠v.
X
°m
fn
ssI sh
]
I ©
ß
≈
Im
c
‰v
]
cn
tN
\
Im
b
ap
ºv
No ™
¿
cn
√
c
am
ß
¶
]®-°d- n-Iƒ Is≠Øn \ndw \¬Iq
]®°dnIfpsS t]cpIƒ FSpsØgpXmw.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
37
Gen-bpsS Gebv° Gen Gebv° \p≈m≥ t]mbn G´≥ Gebv° tNmZn®p GWnbn¬ \n∂v Gen Gebv° sImSpØp
G hcp∂ ]Z-ßfpsS ASn-bn¬ hcbv°mw
G hcp∂ ]Z-߃ FSp-sØ-gp-XpI.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
38
hcn-Iƒ Iq´n-t®¿°q... Rms\s‚ ]mSØv sh≠ \´p sh≠-sb-\n-°p Imb X∂p Rms\s‚ ]mSØv X°mfn \´p X°m-fn-sb-\n°v Imb-X∂p
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
39
Aev]w B\-°mcyw henb
sNhn-Iƒ
.................... hmev ....................... IÆp-Iƒ ....................... sImºp-Iƒ ...................... Imep-Iƒ
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
40
B`-cW - a - W - n-bn°mw
p q Nn”߃ tN¿Øv ]qcn∏n®v hmbn°q.
sZm∏....... ]mSØv hnØv CSm≥ Xoc.....am\n®...... .Ah≥ I......-´n-\mbn `mcy-sbbpw I......´n. c≠......t]cpw tN¿∂v hnØv \´...... . sNSn a.....f®....... A-Xn¬ \ndsb Imb D≠m-bn. Ah¿ Imb hn‰v kt¥m-j-].....¿∆w Pohn-®.....
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
41
tbmPn-®Xp tN¿°mw
y r z X......°v h......Øn h...mgw hnI...Xn k....cw a...Kw h..mbmaw I...Xn k...Imc...w IqSpX¬ ]Z߃ Is≠Ømw FgpXmw y
r
z
___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
42
FgpXn tN¿°mw
]qhv henb ]qhv aW-ap-≈- h-enb ]qhv
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
43
sh´n-°-fbmw hmbn°mw Rm\m-sc-∂-dn-bm≥ Bh¿Øn-®p-h-cp∂ A£cw sh´n-°-fbq. ©A©[ym-©]-©I©≥© ¶t]m¶Ãv ¶ am¶≥¶ ßtUmßIvßSß¿ß ≠in≠ip≠-Zn≠\w≠ ZKmZ‘n-ZP-ZbZ¥nZ
Is≠Øn-bXv FSp-sØ-gpXq
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
44
Fs∂ A\p-I-cn-°q.... FgpXn tN¿°mw
\S∂v \S∂v HmSntbmSn
BSnbpw ]mSnbpw HmSnbpw NmSnbpw
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
45
Fs∂-°p-dn-s®-gp-Xn-t\m-°q....
.... ....
F\ C‘ n-°v \w HmSm th ≥ ≠
.
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
.... .
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
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....
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....
....
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.
.... ....
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
46
Nn{XØnse¥v ? Nn{X-Øn-\v tbmPn® hmIy߃ FgpXq
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
47
Ip¶n-bpsS tXm´w Ip¶nbpsS tXm´Øn¬ \n∂v ]®°dnIƒ t\m°q.
]®°dnIfpsS t]sc-gpXmw
Fs¥√mw D≠m°mw ? _m°n FgpXq. ]gw sIm≠v ]mbkw
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
48
F\n°p th≠Xv sdbn¬]mfw
Bip-]{Xn
N{Iw
F©n≥
tdmUv
]¶mbw
ss{Uh¿
sh≈w
acw
Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw th≠Xv FSp-sØ-gp-Xq.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
49
`mjbpw thjhpw ]d-bm≥ thWw `mj
j hcp∂ ]Z-߃°v Np‰pw h´w hc°q
]d-b-cp-Xmcpw tZmjw AWn-bm≥ thWw thjw apjn-b-cpsXm´pw thjw
Iq´p-Imsc Is≠Øq. j hcp∂ IqSpX¬ ]Z߃ FgpXq
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
50
Iq´p-Imsc Is≠Ømw a[pc-ap-≈ B∏nƒ Hgp-Ip∂ ____________________]q°ƒ ____________________sXßp-Iƒ ____________________]pg
`wKn-bp≈ Db-c-ap≈ Ipc-°p∂ ]mbp∂
____________________Xo-h≠n ____________________]´n
IqSpX¬ hmIy߃ D≠m°mtam ? ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
51
cmaphns‚ hoSv cmaphns‚ hoSv It≠m?
Nn{XØn¬ Hmtcm∂pw F{Xbps≠∂v FÆn FgpXq. amhv hoSv ]q® tImgn ]ip henb ]qhv sNdnb ]qhv \mb 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
52
d^o°ns‚ AcpaIƒ d^o°ns‚ AcpaIfmb arKßsfbpw ]£nIsfbpw t\m°q..
BsI F{X?
]q®
1) ]q®bpw XØbpw IqSnbmse{X?
XØ =
+
tImgn 2) tImgnbpw \mbbpw IqSnbmse{X?
\mb
XØ
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
BsI =
+
3) XØbpw tImgnbpw tN¿∂m¬ F{X?
BsI
tImgn +
BsI =
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
53
tImgn°p™pßsf Iq´nem°mw kpµ-cn-t°m-gn-bpsS Ip™pßsf t\m°q.
F√mhtcbpw Hcp Iq´n¬ sIm≈n√. c≠p IqSp≠v. Fßns\sbms° Iq´nem°mw. kpµcnt°mgnsb klmbn°mtam? F{X tImgn°p™p߃ D≠v? FÆn FgpXq.
10 +
2
+ +
12
+ + +
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
54
amß hoXn°mw cmaphpw Iq´pImcpw ]dn® amßIƒ t\m°q..
F{X amßIƒ D≠v? FÆn t\m°q. FgpXq. In´nb amßIƒ aq∂v Iq´pIm¿°v Xp√yambn hoXn°Ww. Ahsc klmbn°mtam? cmap APn A\nX
_m°n amß F{X?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
55
Xoh≠nbm{X cmaphpw Iq´pImcpw Xoh≠nbmbn Ifn®p.
t_mKnIƒ°v \º¿ \¬Iq.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
56
Hfn™ncn°p∂Xv Bcv? 1 apX¬ 12 hsc IpØp-Iƒ tbmPn-∏n-®p-t\m-°q. 1
3
l
l
2
l l12
l4 l5
l 11
6 l10
l l8
l 9
l7
IØp-I-fnse kwJy-Iƒ sNdp-Xn¬\n∂v hep-Xn-te°v F∂ {Ia-Øn¬ FSpsØgp-Xq.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
57
s\√n° s]dp°mw ssee-bpsS s\√nacØn¬ \n∂p Xmsg hoW s\√n°Iƒ t\m°q..
F{X s\√n°Iƒ D≠v? FÆn t\m°q . FgpXq. CXn¬ \mev s\√n°Iƒ tISmbncp∂p. BsI s\√n°
tISph∂Xv
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
_m°n
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
58
InfnIsf{X ? tacn-bpsS hoSn\v apIfneqsS ]d°p∂ InfnIƒ F{X?
Nn{XØnse 7 InfnIƒ°v \ndw \¬Imtam? Ct∏mƒ \ndw \¬ImØ F{X InfnIƒ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
59
]q°fp≠mm°mtam ? A∏phpw amfphpw Nn©phpw D≠m°nb ]q°ƒ t\m°q.
A∏p amfp
Nn©p
l
BcmWv G‰hpw Ipdhv ]q°ƒ D≠m°nbXv F{X ?
l
Nn©p D≠m-°n-bXv F{X ?
l
Nn©phnt\°mƒ amfp F{X ]q°ƒ IqSpX¬ D≠m°n ?
l
amfp D≠m°nb ]q°fpsS FÆw F{X ?
l
Nn©phpw amfphpw IqSn BsI F{X ]q°ƒ D≠m°n ?
l
aq∂p t]cpw IqSn D≠m°nb ]q°fpsS FÆw F{X ?
l
amfp D≠m°nb ]q°fn¬ aqs∂Æw A∏phn\v sImSpØp. Ct∏mƒ amfphns‚ ssIbn¬ F{X ?
l
A∏phns‚ ssIbn¬ Ct∏mƒ F{X ]q°ƒ D≠v ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
60
\ndw sImSp°q, FÆn FgpXq
henb`cWnbnse \mcßIfpsS FÆw ? sNdnb`cWnbnse \mcßIfpsS FÆw ? \mcßIƒ°v tbmPn® \ndw \¬Imtam ? c≠p `cWnIfnepw IqSn BsI F{X \mcßIƒ D≠v ?
+
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
=
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
61
Rm\mcv ? 12 DØcw hcp∂ If߃°v \ndw \¬Imtam ?
9+5 8+4
8+7
6+6 4
+
3
9+3 11 + 1 10 + 2
Icbnepw sh≈Ønepw ImWp∂ Rm\mcv ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
62
Ip´bnse{X ]g߃ ?
B∏nƒ
Hmd©v
hmg∏gw
amºgw G‰hpw IqSpX¬ ]g߃ GXp Ip´bn¬ ? G‰hpw Ipdhv ]g߃ GXp Ip´bn¬ ? ]gßfpsS FÆsØ hepXn¬ \n∂pw sNdpXnte°v {IaoIcn°mtam ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
63
kwJy Is≠Øq \ndw \¬Iq. {InkvXpakn\v tSmanbpsS hoSv Ae¶cn®Xv t\m°q
\£{X߃°v \º¿ \¬Imtam ? H‰ kwJyIƒ hcp∂ \£{X߃°v Nph∏v \ndw \¬Iq. Cc´kwJyIƒ hcp∂ \£{X߃°v a™ \ndw \¬Iq. 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
64
XmcbpsS Ip´bnse amßIƒ FÆn FgpXmtam ?
A\nb\v sImSpØ amßIƒ
C\n XmcbpsS ssIbn¬ F{X amß D≠v ? Xmc
A\nb≥
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
_m°n
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
65
Xpeyambn ]¶v hbv°mtam ? Nn©phpw icØpw IqSn Iq´pIm¿°v D≠m°nb \£{X߃ FÆn FgpXq.
¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶
¶ ¶
¶
¶
¶
aq∂p Iq´pIm¿°v Xpeyambn ]¶v hbv°mtam ?
a\p
A\p
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
hn\p
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
66
_eq¨ BcpsS ? hc®v tN¿°mw lll lll lll lll lll lll lll lll lll lll
10
ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
ll ll ll ll ll
100
30
llll l ll ll l llll ll ll l llll l l llll l llll l llll l llll l llll l
40
ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll
50
hn´pt]mbh ]qcn∏n°mtam ?
10
30
50
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
80
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
67
XpgIfnse kwJyIƒ 18s‚ NßmXnam¿ Bsc√mw ?
_ __
_
_ __
_ + 0 1
8
10
+
8
__ _ _ ___ _ _ __
18
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
68
\o\phns‚ ASp°fbnse ]m{X߃ hn´pt]mbh hc®p tN¿°mtam ?
11
14 15
18
12 ]m{XßfpsS FÆw hepXn¬ \n∂v sNdpXntebv°v {IaoIcn°mtam ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
69
Iq´pImsc Is≠Ømw hc®v tbmPn-∏n-°mw.
7+8 8+4 5
4 9+2
15
7+3 10 8-3
12
6-2
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
11 Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
70
FÆmw FgpXmw
Xmac
Ba
Xhf
ao≥
Infn hetØm´p t]mIp∂ ao\pIƒ F{X ? CStØm´p t]mIp∂ ao\pIƒ F{X ? 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
71
shffw ]mgm-°-cptX
ic-Wy-bpsS Iq´p-Im-cmb cay,- A-\-\y,- ku-ay, -i-cØv F∂n-h-cpsS ho´n-ep-]tbm-Kn-°p∂ shf-fØ - ns‚ Af-hmWv Xmsg Xcp-∂Xv. t]cv
D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ sh≈w ]m{Xw Igp-Im≥
sNSn°v \\-bv°m≥
BsI
cay
12 I∏v
10 I∏v
˛
A\\y
˛
8 I∏v
19 I∏v
kuay
18 I∏v
˛
29 I∏v
icØv
˛
12 I∏v
24 I∏v
♦
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv BcpsS ho´n-emWv?
♦
G‰hpw Ipdhv sh≈w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv BcpsS ho´n¬ ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
72
tPmkn\v In´nb Kpfn-I-Iƒ sh≈ KpfnI 9 FÆw Znhkw 3 hoXw
\oe KpfnI 8 FÆw Znhkw 2 hoXw
\oe KpfnI Znhkw
BsI KpfnI
Ign®Xv
_m°n
Ign®Xv
_m°n
KpfnI Ign-®p-Xo-cm≥ F{X Znhkw thWw ? sh≈ KpfnI Znhkw
BsI KpfnI
KpfnI Ign-®p-Xo-cm≥ F{X Znhkw thWw ? 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
73
Hfn™ncn°p∂Xmcv ? DØcambn hcp∂ If߃°v \ndw \¬Imtam ? 24 − 12
38 − 16
50 − 32
71 − 19
55 − 15
45 − 9
94 − 33
9
11
12 38
17 22 30 40
19
36 35
21 61 15
61
37
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
18
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
74
a©mSns]dp°¬ a©mSns]dp°¬ a’cØn¬ cabv°v In´nb a©mSnIƒ t\m°q.
a©m-Sn-Iƒ FÆn Fgp-Xq. Cu a©mSnIƒ Bdp hoXap≈ Iq´ßfm°mtam ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
75
amßs]dp°¬ Bibpw Iq´pImcpw amß s]dp°m≥ t]mbn. Ah¿°p In´nb amßIƒ t\m°q. HmtcmcpØ¿°pw In´nbXv FÆn FgpXp.
Bi
B\µv
Bibv°v In´nbXv
Acp¨
B\µn\v In´nbXv
AcpWn\v In´nbXv
HmtcmcpØ¿°pw In´nbXv Iq´ßfm°pI. Bi
B\µv
Acp¨
]ØpIƒ
H∂pIƒ
B¿°mWv IqSpX¬ In´nbXv? AcpWnt\°mƒ F{X IqSpXemWv Bibv°p In´nbXv? 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv .......................
76
kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
Iq´ßfm°mtam? an\nbpw ^mØnabpw s]dp°nb s\√n°Iƒ t\m°q an\n
^mØna
HmtcmcpØ¿°pw In´nbXv F{Xsb∂v FÆnsbgpXq. Ah¿ X߃°v In´nb s\√n°Isf ]eXcØn¬ Iq´ßfm°n. \n߃°v klmbn°mtam? 10
+ 5 + 5
+
+ an\n
+
+
+
+ + 8
+
7
+
+ ^mØna
+
+ +
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
77
]g°®hSw eØo^ns‚ ]g°Sbn¬ sIm≠ph∂ ]gs°m´Iƒ t\m°q. Hmtcm ]ghpw F{X hoXsa∂v Is≠Øn FgpXpI. B∏nƒ 10 10 10 10 10 6
amß 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 5
t]c° 10 10
5
Hmd©v 10 10 2 10
kt∏m´ 10 10 10 9 10 10 10
1) GXp ]gamWv IqSpX¬?
F{X?
2) GXp ]gamWv Ipdhv?
F{X?
3) ]gßfpsS FÆw sNdpXn¬ \n∂pw hepXnte°v {IaoIcns®gpXpI.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv .......................
78
kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
]®XØIƒ F{X?
]Øv ]®XØ ]mdn∏mdn h∂p 4 IqSn h∂m¬ BsI FÆw F{X?
+
=
]Øv ]®XØ ]mdn∏mdn h∂p 4 ]mdnt∏mbm¬ BsI FÆw F{X?
−
=
]Øv ]®XØ ]mdn∏mdn h∂p 6 IqSn h∂m¬ BsI FÆw F{X?
+
=
]Øv ]®XØ ]mdn∏mdn h∂p 6 ]mdnt∏mbm¬ BsI FÆw F{X?
−
=
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
79
s]mÆ≥ s]cpºmºv s]cpºmºns‚ \of≥ hbdn¬ Hfn™ncn°p∂ kwJyIƒ Is≠Øn FgpXpI.
6 4 2
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
80
AΩphns‚ ]mhIƒ AΩphns‚ ]mhIsf I≠nt√? ]mhIfn¬ Hfn™ncn°p∂ kwJyIƒ Is≠Øn FgpXq.
+
=
10
15
+
= 7
+ 9
14
= 8
+
=
6
13
+
=
12 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
81
607
]mh-I-fpsS Iq´p-Imsc Is≠Øn tbmPn-∏n-°q.
+ 12
5
14
6
4
3
11
+ 8
+ 9
− 10
− 15
− 19
6
10
5
17
8
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
12 Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
82
hnjpss°\o´w KoXphn\v hnjpss°\o´ambn In´nbXv F{X cq]bmsW∂v Adnbmtam? AΩ \¬InbXv
+ AΩmh≥ \¬InbXv
+
BsI
cq]
BsI
cq]
+
AΩqΩ \¬InbXv
+
+
BsI
cq]
BsI
cq]
A—≥ \¬InbXv
+
KoXphn\v BsI F{X cq] e`n®p? 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
ao\phns‚ ame Ifn®psIm≠ncp∂ ao\phns‚ ame s]m´n. Ahƒ Ic®nembn. CXpI≠ Iq´pImsc√mhcpw apØpIƒ s]dp°phm≥ Ahsf klmbn®p.
83
HmtcmcpØ¿°pw In´nbXv A®p ˛ 36 \o\p ˛ 28 A∏p ˛ 54 KoXp ˛ 46 kzmXn ˛ 65 FÆw F{X?
B¿°mWv IqSpX¬ In´nbXv ? B¿°mWv Ipdhv In´nbXv ? In´nb apØpIsf hepXv apX¬ sNdpXv hsc F∂ coXnbn¬ {IaoIcn°mtam.
AhcpsS apØpIsf ]Øns‚bpw H∂ns‚bpw Iq´ßfm°pI. A®p ˛ 36 \o\p ˛ 28 A∏p ˛ 54 KoXp
˛ 46
kzmXn ˛ 65 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
84
BcmWv Rm≥ ? 1 apX¬ 33 hsc IpØp-Iƒ tbmPn-∏n-®p-t\m-°q. CjvS-ap≈ \ndw D]-tbm-Kn®v Nn{Xw at\m-l-c-am-°q....
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
85
IfnhoSv N¥ap≈ hoSv F¥p \√ hoSv ]¥pap≠v Imdpap≠v Fs‚ kz¥w ho´n¬ A®t\msSm∏w IfnhoSv ImWms\Ønb \o\p Aeamcbnse Ifn∏m´ßƒ I≠v Xp≈n®mSn. Ahƒ Hmtcm Ifn∏m´ßfpw FÆn t\m°m≥ XpSßn. H∂mw X´v
c≠mw X´v
]¥pIƒ
ImdpIƒ
]mhIƒ
GXp Ifn∏m´amWv IqSpXep≈Xv ? 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
86
Ie≠dns\ ASpØdnbmw
n
P\phcn 6 GXp ZnhkamWv ?
n
P\phcn 15 GXp ZnhkamWv ?
n
P\phcn 26 GXp ZnhkamWv ?
n
P\phcn 10 GXp ZnhkamWv ?
n
P\phcn 23 GXp ZnhkamWv ?
n
P\phcn 7 GXp ZnhkamWv ?
n
P\phcn 11 GXp ZnhkamWv ?
n
Hcp BgvNbn¬ BsI F{X Znhk߃ D≠v ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
87
BgvN∏qhv BgvN∏qhnse hn´pt]mb Znhk߃ FgpXmtam ? CeIfnse amk߃ {IaØnem°n FgpXpI.
P\p-hcn
b¿ Rm
BgvN
am¿®v \hw-_¿
P\p-hcn
G{]n¬
Pq¨
Pqembv HIvtSm-_¿ BKkvXv
sk]vXw-_¿ s^{_p-hcn sabv
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
88
XhfbpsS Nm´w {]mWnIsf ]nSn°m\mbn Xhf IpXn®p NmSn. Xhf NmSnbXv Cßs\
61 60
63 62
64
h´Øn\p≈n¬ hn´pt]mb kwJyIƒ ]qcn∏n°q
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
89
NmSn-°-bdmw A\p-Ip-´≥ hnezm-{Zn-t£-{X-Øn-te-°p≈ ]Sn-Iƒ H∂n-S-hn-´mWv NmSn-°b-dn-b-Xv. Nhn´nb ]Sn-Iƒ GXv? Nhn-´m-Øh Gh? 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70
Nhn-´nb ]Sn-Iƒ
Nh-´mØ ]Sn-Iƒ
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
90
sNSnbpw Cebpw 11
16
15
14
]q°ƒ°v tbmPn® Ce-I-ƒ GXv ? hc®p tN¿°q. kwJy Fgp-Xq. 10
7
2
8
4
1
9
15
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
_________
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
91
Ce-Iv{Sn°v t]mÃv
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
81
79
77
75
Xmb¶mdv tdmUnse CeIv{SnIv t]mÃnse Nne \ºdpIƒ am™ncn°p∂p. {IaØn¬ FgpXmtam
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
92
ImS-t°mgn Zo]phns‚ ho´n¬ ImSt°mgnIsf hf¿Øp∂p≠v. HcmgvNbn¬ HmtcmZnhkhpw In´nb ImSap´IfpsS FÆw Zo]p ]´nIbmbn FgpXnbncn°p∂p.
Znhkw
ap´-I-fpsS FÆw
Rmb¿
78
Xn¶ƒ
64
sNm∆
86
_p[≥
55
hymgw
89
sh≈n
92
i\n
49
GXp Znh-k-amWv IqSp-X¬ ap´ In´n-bXv ?
F{X ?
GXp Znh-k-amWv Ipdhv ap´ In´n-bXv ?
F{X ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
93
a\p-hns‚ tXm´w a\p-hns‚ ]®-°-dn-tØm-´-Øn¬\n∂pw Hmtcm Znh-khpw hn‰ ]®-°-dn-I-fpsS hne Is≠-Ømtam?
Xn¶ƒ
sNm∆
_p[≥
hymgw
sh≈n
aØ≥
sh≈cn
10 cq]
5 cq]
X°mfn
hgp-X\
5 cq]
5 cq]
Ipºfw
aØ≥
20 cq]
10 cq]
sh≠
]S-hew
5 cq]
10 cq]
Ibv∏bv°
Imt_Pv
20 cq]
20 cq]
BsI
GXp Znh-ka - mWv IqSp-X¬ cq] In´n-bXv?
-F{X ?
GXp Znh-k-amWv Ipdhv cq] In´n-bXv?
-F{X ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
94
Hfn-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xmcv ? 24 23
25 26
28
27
29
22 10 14
21 16
6
2
4
11 13
12
3
5
31
8
2+2
=
7-5 =
3+2
=
9-6 =
5+3
=
4+9 =
7+4
=
6+4 =
10 + 6 =
7+5 =
9-3
8+6
=
30
=
Cu {InbIfn¬ DØcambn In´p∂ kwJyIƒ°v \ndw \¬In Hfn™ncn°p∂XmcmsW∂v I≠p]nSn®v t]scgpXmtam? 1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
95
enPp-hns‚ Nn{Xw enPp hc® Nn{Xw t\m°q....
cq]-߃ F{X hoXw ? Is≠Øn Fgp-Xq.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
96
]g-߃ BZn 20 cq]bpambn ]g°Sbn¬ sN∂p c≠p Xcw ]g߃ hmßWw. ]gßfpsS hne t\m°n hmßm≥ BZnsb klmbn°mtam ? B∏nƒ
Hmd©v
10 cq]
5 cq]
amXfw
amºgw
10 cq]
10 cq]
]∏mb
t]cbv°
5 cq]
5 cq]
amt¶m-Ãn≥ 20 cq]
BsI =
=
=
kt∏m´ 2 cq]
=
GsX√mw ]g-ß-fmWv BZn hmßn-bXv ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
97
timim-Ω-bpsS ]ip-°ƒ timim-Ωbv°v c≠v ]ip-°ƒ D≠v. Idp-ºnbpw shfp-ºnbpw. Rmb¿ apX¬ i\n hsc In´nb ]mens‚ Afhv Is≠-Ømtam ? Idpºn
shfpºn
Rmb¿
8 Ip∏n
6 Ip∏n
Xn¶ƒ
9
7
sNm∆
7
5
_p[≥
10
4
hymgw
9
9
sh≈n
8
6
i\n
9
8
BsI
GXp Znh-k-amWv IqSp-X¬ ]m¬ In´n-bXv ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
98
kv°qfnse ]®-°-dn-tØm´w Nq≠¬ Kh¨sa‚ v bp.]n. kv°qfnse Hmtcm ¢mknsebpw Ip´nIƒ \´ NocssØIƒ ]Øns‚ Iq´ßfm°n. ¢mkv ˛ 1
10
10
2
¢mkv ˛ 2
10
1
¢mkv ˛ 3
10
10
10
10
¢mkv ˛ 4
10
10
10
4
¢mkv ˛ 5
10
10
10
9
¢mkv ˛ 6
10
10
7
¢mkv ˛ 7
10
10
10
10
5
8
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ Noc-ssØ-Iƒ \´ ¢mv ? F{X ? -G-‰hpw Ipdhv Noc-ssØ-Iƒ \´ ¢mv ? F{X ? ssXI-fpsS FÆw sNdp-Xn¬ \n∂v hep-Xn-tebv°v {Iao-I-cn-°mtam.
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
99
amß Pyqkv dnØp-hns‚ AΩ amß Pyqkv D≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°m-sa∂p ]d-™p. amßIƒ ]dn-°m≥ dnØp-hns\ klm-bn-°mtam?
F{X amß-Iƒ ]dn®p? FÆn Fgp-Xq.
AXn¬ 2 FÆw ]®-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]gpØ amß-bmWv Pyqkv D≠m-°m≥ FSp-Ø-Xv. F{X amß-Iƒ Pyqkp-≠m-°m≥ e`n-®p ?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿
‘Xp≈n-Iƒ’ Fs‚ t]cv ...................................................................................¢mv ....................... kvIqƒ ..............................................................................................................................
100
{InkvXpakv {So N°n-]q® Ip™ns\ At\z-jn®p \S-∂-t∏mƒ AXm, {InkvXpav {Sobv°papIfn¬ Ccn-°p∂p Ip™n-∏q-®. Fßs\ N°n-]q-®sb Ip™ns‚ Acn-Inse-Øn°mw? hrØ-Øn-eqsS am{Xw k©-cn-®m¬ apI-fn-se-Ømw. klm-bn°mtam?
1, 2 ¢mp-I-fn-te-°p≈ h¿°vjo-‰p-I-fpsS kam-lmcw
Ub‰v Xr»q¿