Public Safety Broadband: Updates and Next Steps for the FirstNet Initiative

Program Update - Winter 2016

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Recent Developments •  National RFP released January 13th •  Data collection process submitted to FirstNet –  Still collecting local information •  2016 consultation program outlined •  Alternative planning process

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The RFP •  Focused on single-vendor, national partner •  Timeline (Planned) –  Questions due February 12th –  Bids due April 29th –  Contract signed by end of November –  State plans to Governor in Spring 2017 (estimated) •  “Objectives Based” procurement –  Bidders determine key milestones and parameters for performance •  25 year contract •  Bidders will be judged by select group of FirstNet –  No external review, closed process SiGNALS Analytics, LLC

STATE PLAN in 2017?

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Data Collection and Coverage Objectives in Support of FirstNet Consultation Deliverables Detailed overview at: https://youtu.be/WjfzMQUJwGE

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Highlights: Survey Results & Demand Forecast

Confidential Information

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Colorado Coverage Specification

Proprietary and Confidential – not for

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Methodology • 

We ask the question “What needs to be covered?” by looking at a large number of different data sets: –  FirstNet provided several –  Sourced within Colorado provided many others

• 

We have mapped points, lines, and polygons into 1 mile x 1 mile pixels, consistent with the paradigm provided by FirstNet. Hopefully this consistent methodology will make it easy to discuss different coverage scenarios –  If a point (e.g. a high risk area) lands in a 1 mile x 1 mile pixel, then that pixel is “turned on” –  If a road passes through a 1 mile x 1 mile pixel, then that pixel is turned on

• 

In the following pages we will discuss each original data set, mapping it to the 1 mile x 1 mile pixel grid, then show what happens when the various coverage requirements are combined.

• 

This first section on geographic coverage is only part of the story. We will then discuss depth of coverage and will articulate a set of requirements that reflect commercial mobile operator standards and the thinking of first responder requirements setting organizations (e.g. NPSTC).

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Colorado Data Sets (1/2)

First Responder Incidents

Civic Addresses

Recreational Areas

Transportation Infrastructure

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Colorado Data Sets (2/2)

National, State and County Roads

Portable DTR Coverage (Both In and Out)

Mobile DTR Coverage (Both In and Out)

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Colorado Required Coverage (Composite)

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FirstNet Proposed Coverage (Source: FirstNet)

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Difference - Areas requiring coverage

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Phases of Deployment

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Phases of Deployment Phase

What It Includes

Rationale

% of Sites

I

•  National, state and county roads •  Known locations of incidents •  Recreation areas •  Limited deployment in dense urban, urban, and suburban areas covered by commercial LTE providers

•  Colorado has a critical need for coverage in rural areas. •  Dense urban / urban / suburban areas must have comprehensive mobile broadband coverage via a roaming or MNVO arrangement at FirstNet expense. •  Public gathering areas (e.g. stadiums, concert halls, airports, parade routes, and other areas where large numbers of people gather) in dense urban / urban / suburban areas must be covered. •  Deployables with 72 hours of fuel sufficient in number and strategically placed to ensure a response anywhere in the state within 4 hours

45%

II

•  Dense urban, urban, and suburban morphologies •  Developed areas (NLCD) identified by FirstNet •  High risk areas identified by FirstNet •  Existing footprint of LMR network

•  This phase includes a large number of sites because it includes in-building coverage in highly populated areas (dense urban, urban, and suburban) •  It also includes all high risk areas •  Finally, it include all areas currently covered by Colorado’s LMR network •  Deployables with 7 days of fuel sufficient in number and strategically placed to ensure a response anywhere in the state within 2 hours

45%

III

•  Additional sites needed to meet full coverage requirement •  Robust deployables solution to reach any uncovered area

•  This phase completes the essential network deployment •  FirstNet will need to put in place a process for incremental expansion – like any commercial operator would do – to meet additional needs as they are identified •  Multiple types of deployables (e.g. vehicles, man-packs, UAVs, etc.) to meet every significant contingency. Inexpensive deployables (e.g. UAVs) must per stationed in every county for a very rapid response.

10%

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Phase I: Incidents, Roads, and Recreational Areas LESS Dense Urban, Urban, and Suburban Areas

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Phase II: Phase I Plus Dense Urban, Urban, and Suburban Morphologies, High Risk Areas, Developed Areas, and today’s LMR Footprint

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Phase III: Phase I Plus Phase II Plus All Other Specified Areas

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Phased Coverage Specification – Percentage of Area Covered County Adams Alamosa Arapahoe Archuleta Baca Bent Boulder Broomfield Chaffee Cheyenne Clear Creek Conejos Costilla Crowley Custer Delta Denver Dolores Douglas Eagle El Paso Elbert Fremont Garfield Gilpin Grand Gunnison Hinsdale Huerfano Jackson Jefferson Kiowa Kit Carson La Plata Lake Larimer Las Animas

Phase I

Phase II

Phase III

60.6% 72.1% 51.5% 54.0% 70.2% 46.0% 68.5% 49.4% 73.8% 56.9% 74.5% 64.0% 36.7% 51.7% 63.3% 61.4% 10.5% 67.5% 50.7% 49.0% 27.0% 54.9% 50.3% 40.2% 84.9% 63.5% 57.3% 48.2% 53.8% 57.8% 61.4% 60.9% 78.9% 54.8% 72.1% 69.4% 38.7%

99.7% 100.0% 98.4% 91.7% 94.1% 99.9% 100.0% 100.0% 98.3% 99.5% 99.7% 97.4% 98.7% 93.6% 100.0% 98.6% 100.0% 97.2% 99.4% 97.2% 100.0% 99.6% 99.9% 96.5% 100.0% 99.0% 91.7% 87.3% 99.9% 92.4% 99.1% 99.1% 98.8% 97.8% 98.7% 97.5% 88.8%

100.0% 100.0% 98.6% 92.3% 95.0% 99.9% 100.0% 100.0% 98.4% 99.5% 100.0% 97.4% 98.8% 93.8% 100.0% 99.1% 100.0% 97.3% 99.4% 98.1% 100.0% 99.8% 99.9% 96.6% 100.0% 99.0% 92.3% 87.5% 99.9% 93.3% 99.1% 99.2% 99.3% 97.9% 99.0% 97.9% 89.3%

County

Phase I

Phase II

Phase III

Lincoln Logan Mesa Mineral Moffat Montezuma Montrose Morgan Otero Ouray Park Phillips Pitkin Prowers Pueblo Rio Blanco Rio Grande Routt Saguache San Juan San Miguel Sedgwick Summit Teller Washington Weld Yuma

57.4% 75.4% 50.5% 44.5% 46.1% 66.6% 49.7% 70.1% 71.1% 53.5% 62.2% 94.2% 49.1% 65.3% 37.6% 43.2% 71.6% 51.7% 64.8% 63.7% 64.3% 86.5% 63.7% 71.9% 75.5% 73.8% 72.3%

98.5% 99.7% 98.9% 90.5% 95.7% 99.6% 99.1% 99.9% 98.2% 99.4% 99.6% 99.6% 97.5% 99.2% 99.4% 97.7% 99.7% 97.9% 97.8% 87.7% 98.9% 100.0% 99.5% 100.0% 98.1% 98.4% 99.2%

98.7% 99.7% 99.1% 90.7% 95.9% 99.6% 99.1% 99.9% 98.2% 99.6% 99.6% 99.7% 97.6% 99.3% 99.5% 97.9% 99.7% 97.9% 97.9% 87.9% 98.9% 100.0% 99.5% 100.0% 98.4% 98.7% 99.3%

COMPOSITE

57.6%

97.4%

97.6%

Southern Ute Ute Mountain

61.6% 27.9%

99.7% 100.0%

99.8% 100.0%

COMPOSITE

48.0%

99.8%

99.9%

Tribe

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Sites and Assumptions •  We start with several databases of gathered assets. To be included in the analysis we simply require that a candidate location has a latitude and longitude. We started with 7,493 candidate sites: –  Community Anchor Institutions (CAI): 6,766 –  Land Mobile Radio (LMR): 303 –  Federal Communications Commission (FCC): 115 –  Televate study of Denver (Televate): 205 –  Other Submissions (Counties): 104 •  We ran “predictions” on each site, generating a two-dimensional plot showing the area the site would cover. •  We identified the maximum area that could be covered and the number of sites required to cover it. A coverage-optimized design required 1,279 sites.

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Types of Equipment Category

Handheld Devices

Vehicular-Mounted Radio

Vehicle-Mounted High Powered Radio

Description

Implications

Smart phones, tablets, laptop computers and other devices that have built-in LTE wireless radios*

This is a vehicle that is equipped with an LTE radio. The vehicle also has an externally mounted antenna.

This is a vehicle that is equipped with a high powered LTE radio. It is similar to vehicle mounted radio, but has greater power.

•  These devices are being used on a standalone basis •  This usage might be inside a building or it might be on the street or in a vehicle •  No other equipment is required •  Devices may be used within the vehicle via a “Wi-Fi hotspot” within the vehicle •  Performance will be much better than that of a handheld device •  Devices that are “Wi-Fi only” (e.g. inexpensive tablets) can also be used* •  The department will need to spend money installing LTE radios in each vehicle •  This solution is identical to a “vehicle-mounted radio” except that it offers superior performance in rural and wilderness areas. •  A high powered version has been standardized, but not yet productized by major manufacturers •  It is almost certainly more expensive than a basic vehicle mounted radio, but has significantly greater performance.

*Includes machine-to-machine devices and applications

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Venues – Where is the first responder? Venue

Roof Mounted Antenna with High Power User Equipment

Roof Mounted Antenna

Outdoor Pedestrian

Description •  •  •  • 

An LTE radio is permanently mounted in the vehicle The vehicle has an external roof-mounted antenna The LTE radio has a high powered (31 dBm) transmitter The LTE radio transmits a Wi-Fi signal within the vehicle enabling various devices to connect

•  An LTE radio is permanently mounted in the vehicle •  The vehicle has an external roof-mounted antenna •  The LTE radio transmits a Wi-Fi signal within the vehicle enabling various devices to connect

•  A pedestrian standing outdoors is using a handheld LTE device (phone, smartphone, tablet, etc.)

In-Vehicle

•  An individual is using an LTE device inside a vehicle •  The device is handheld •  The vehicle does NOT have a permanently installed LTE radio

In-Building

•  An individual is using a handheld LTE device inside a building •  The building has no in-building wireless infrastructure (small cells, DAS, Wi-Fi, etc.) that first responders can access •  The size and material of the building will vary by morphology

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Study #1: Rooftop Antenna w. HPA (Monochrome Image)

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Study #1: Rooftop Antenna w. HPA

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Study #1: Outdoors

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Study #1: In-Building

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Projected Data Rates by Venue •  The maps on the previous pages are colored coded based on uplink link budget performance in a coverage limited environment •  The minimum performance threshold (•) supports voice and modest data, <1 Mbps (down) / 64 kbps (up) •  Most of the area in most venues (•) supports strong data rates: 10-30 Mbps (down) / 1-3 Mbps (up) •  A large portion of the area in most venues will support very fast downlinks and 5 Mbps (•) or 10 Mbps (•) uplink speeds. At these uplink speeds system is largely unconstrained in terms of coverage.

Downlink / Uplink

Color

Even Faster / 10 Mbps

Faster / 5 Mbps

Fast / 1-3 Mbps

Voice Enabled

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Significant Geographic Coverage – Is It Possible? 80% Data Rate (Down / Up): 10 Mbps / 1 Mbps

Percentage of Geographic Area Covered (%)

70%

60%

50%

40%

Conclusion: significant improvement over the geographic coverage proposed by FirstNet is relatively easy to achieve.

Results shown in the previous pages significantly exceed these early estimates

30%

20%

10%

Minimum specified outdoor data rate of 786 kbps / 256 kbps. Actual data rate will be greater.

0%

FirstNet Proposal

Indoor

Outdoor

Roof Antenna

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Sites Selected for Coverage (1,279)

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All Available Sites (7,493)*

* This image displays the complete set of 7,493 sites, of which 1,279 are used in the Model #1 design.

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Next Steps

Confidential Information

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Is Opting Out an Option? •  Requires significant effort and preparation –  Governance, business, technical, operational •  Must develop solutions for funding •  Need to explore the option in order to make a fully educated decision •  Other states are already exploring the option

The decision to opt-in or out will have implications on public safety communications throughout the state for the next 20 years.

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FirstNet Colorado Governing Body Strategically guides the FirstNet State Consultation process and possible implementation of the FirstNet Network or an alternative solution. Also provides general oversight and direction of the State and Local Implementation Grant Program (SLIGP) activities in Colorado.

Business Plan Working Group

Technical Working Group

Operational Working Group

Made up of agency executives, elected officials, and other key decision makers statewide who are responsible for reviewing FirstNet governance, finance and other matters related to State Plan and Alternative Radio Access Network (RAN) development.

Made up of technical subject matter experts and other stakeholders statewide who are responsible for reviewing FirstNet RFP, State Plan and other technical documentation related to NSPBN implementation and Alternative Radio Access Network (RAN) development.

Made up of operational subject matter experts and other key stakeholders statewide who are responsible for understanding the operational benefits of a dedicated broadband network and the technologies essential for pubic safety data sharing and communication.

Legal Working Group Made up of legal professionals representing county, municipal, tribal and state interests tasked with assessing federal, state and local statutes as it relates to governance, asset sharing and other regulatory matters.

This is an ongoing “negotiation” with FirstNet. In 2016 and 2017, we will be busy - your input is critical!

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The Opportunity

We have a unique opportunity to shape our own future rather than have it dictated by outside entities SiGNALS Analytics, LLC

“There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home” - Ken Olsen, Founder of DEC, 1977

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Brian Shepherd Colorado’s FirstNet Single Point of Contact (SPOC) Broadband Program Manager, OIT [email protected]

FirstNet Colorado Kim Coleman Madsen, ENP Broadband Implementation Manager, OIT [email protected]

Ed Mills FNC Public Safety Broadband Outreach/Education Manager, OIT [email protected]

Broadband Megan Chadwick Broadband Communications Manager, OIT [email protected]

Contact Us

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Disclaimer This slide deck was prepared by the State of Colorado - Governor's Office of Information Technology  using funds under award 08-10S13008 from the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC). The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NTIA, DOC, or FirstNet. SiGNALS Analytics, LLC