Second Edition, August 2011

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

1

The Fundamental Principles of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement Humanity / The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, born of a desire to bring assistance without discrimination to the wounded on the battlefield, endeavours, in its international and national capacity, to prevent and alleviate ppppppto ensure respect for the human being. It promotes mutual understanding, friendship, cooperation and lasting peace amongst all peoples. Impartiality / It makes no discrimination as to nationality, race, religious beliefs, class or political opinions. It endeavours to relieve the suffering of individuals, being guided solely by their needs, and to give priority to the most urgent cases of distress. Neutrality / In order to enjoy the confidence of all, the Movement may not take sides in hostilities or engage at any time in controversies of a political, racial, religious or ideological nature. Independence / The Movement is independent. The National Societies, while auxiliaries in the humanitarian services of their governments and subject to the laws of their respective countries, must always maintain their autonomy so that they may be able at all times to act in accordance with the principles of the Movement. Voluntary service / It is a voluntary relief movement not prompted in any manner by desire for gain. Unity / There can be only one Red Cross or Red Crescent Society in any one country. It must be open to all. It must carry on its humanitarian work throughout its territory. Universality / The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, in which all societies have equal status and share equal responsibilities and duties in helping each other, is worldwide.

2

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

Table of contents

Photo: Xavier Génot /IFRC

1. A note about reading “More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided” 2. Shelter programme, 19 months after the earthquake 3. Haiti by the numbers, the Red Cross Red Crescent Response 4. Port-au-Prince urban context, challenges and opportunities 5. Snapshots of the Red Cross Red Crescent Shelter Response 6. A shelter project through the lens of a Haitian artist

© International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, Geneva, 2011 Copies of all or part of this study may be made for non-commercial use, providing the source is acknowledged. The IFRC would appreciate receiving details of its use. Requests for commercial reproduction should be directed to the IFRC at [email protected]. The opinions and recommendations expressed in this study do not necessarily represent the official policy of the IFRC or of individual National Red Cross or Red Crescent Societies. The designations and maps used do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of the International Federation or National Societies concerning the legal status of a territory or of its authorities. All photos used in this study are copyright of the IFRC unless otherwise indicated. Cover photo: A painting by artist Jean Benet Stiverne

3

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

1. A note about reading “More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided” The Haiti earthquake operation is one of the largest single country responses in the history of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. In support of Haitian Red Cross, sister Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies have contributed expertise and resources to deliver shelter solutions to beneficiaries in a challenging context. Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies working in the shelter sector in Haiti coordinate through the Red Cross Shelter Technical Committee. The committee ensures mapping of shelter activities, information sharing, and gathering of best practices which is shared amongst Red Cross and Red Crescent partners. The post earthquake context in Haiti is complex and challenging and thus a flexible approach is required so that specific community needs and contexts can be responded to appropriately. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement made the commitment to provide Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions to 30,000 Haitian households in the aftermath of the earthquake. Now, 19 months since the disaster, many shelter projects are underway and several have concluded. More than 15,000 households have now received support which cover a range of solutions, including upgraded transitional shelters, self sheltering solutions and permanent housing in neighbourhoods. In order to share progress, responses to challenges encountered, and planned initiatives, the Shelter Technical Committee is publishing this “More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided” document, Photo: Xavier Génot /IFRC

4

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

2. Shelter programme, 19months after the earthquake A massive emergency shelter response To meet the shelter needs of the earthquake-affected population, a massive emergency shelter response was triggered in close liaison with the InterAgency Standing Committee Shelter/Non Food Items cluster (convened by IFRC until November 2010), governmental and local authorities. The first emergency shelter support target set in April 2010 by Red Cross Red Crescent was 80,000 households. This target was exceeded. A second campaign of emergency shelter items distribution was launched in August to replace shelters that had deteriorated in Haiti’s harsh climate. Emergency shelter items (tarpaulins, tents, shelter tool kits or timber) have been delivered by dedicated Haitian Red Cross volunteers, following case by case field assessments, and with the support of Red Cross Red Crescent relief teams.

In Haiti, the shelter programming challenges are enormous. Land access was and remains a major impediment to the delivery of transitional shelter and other related services, such as latrines. Land access challenges include land availability, rubble removal and land tenure traceability.

More than 15,260 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions have been provided as at August 9, 2011, in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area and in other affected areas, such as Leogane, Petit Goave and Jacmel. It represents an estimated 76,300 persons supported by the implementation of improved shelter structures for 13,698 households (through construction of 14,447 transitional / progressive / permanent units), and 1,562 adapted alternative shelter solutions to facilitate re-housing within the communities where displaced persons previously lived.

In total, more than 243,038 Emergency Shelter Solutions have been provided as at April 2011. It represents support to 179,645 households who have received emergency shelter materials such as tarpaulins and tools and 63,393 households have had their emergency shelter materials replaced.

Extended support in an incredibly challenging context Shelter support to the affected population did not end with emergency shelter support. In parallel to emergency shelter support, Red Cross Red Crescent Societies committed themselves to ensuring that 30,000 affected families will be provided with safer and improved shelter, with access to adequate water and sanitation facilities where feasible.

Red Cross Red Crescent Shelter Programme, Annexe de la Mairie Photo:IFRC

5

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

Transitional / upgraded and progressive shelters are mainly implemented on individual plots for families who were selected based on criteria designed to identify the most vulnerable households. It comprises many preconditions: land must be identified and its tenure verified, heavy shelter material must be procured, the plot must be cleared of rubble by the communities themselves. Shelters must then be erected with the involvement of communities, providing them with livelihoods and new skills.

Synergies will continue to be articulated within Red Cross Red Crescent Societies, ensuring an Integrated Neighbourhood Approach (INA), to respond with sound and sustainable recovery in some Port-au-Prince neighbourhoods.

The path to recovery is engaged In Haiti, the path to recovery requires a flexible and multipronged strategy to transition communities from emergency shelters in informal makeshift camps, to safer housing and neighbourhoods. In parallel to the transitional shelter programme, Red Cross Red Crescent Societies have initiated alternative responses and activities to decongest camps. These include: providing livelihood support so that beneficiaries have a choice to leave camps, recruiting and training beneficiaries to construct transitional shelters and, finally, and still in the planning stage, to engage beneficiaries in repairing houses damaged in the earthquake, and in processing rubble into construction material that can potentially be used to build permanent houses. In 2011, these approaches become more crystallized and support already initiated will be scaled-up within targeted communities. Implementation of transitional shelters will continue as rapidly as possible. Some will be upgraded to extend their life span to up to 15 years, or even to make them permanent. Reconstruction of devastated Haitian neighbourhoods must be driven by the Haitian government, local authorities and communities. Red Cross Red Crescent Societies are liaising with all stakeholders, aligning shelter programmes within national policies.

Red Cross Team in Delmas neighbourhood

6

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

3. Port-au-Prince urban context, challenges and opportunities “Take an urban setting in one of the world’s poorest countries, add a couple of million people packed tightly together in poorly constructed dwellings built on steep or otherwise hazardous sites, omit enforced building codes, construction quality inspections, adequate urban planning, sewerage systems and municipal solid waste management and shake. Hard.” (IFRC 1 Year On Progress Report)

Understanding urban vulnerability in Haiti For the first time in the history of mankind, more people live in an urban environment than a rural one and in just 20 years, over 60 per cent of the world’s population will live in cities and towns. Yet while most national and international disaster relief agencies have become increasingly effective in the much-needed rapid response to disasters, they are less effective in developing longer-term responses that allow the survivors to rebuild their homes and livelihoods. They focus on what they can do for the victims, not what needs to be done by them. The great challenge for the humanitarian aid community in Haiti has been to learn how to work with the untitled, the undocumented, the unlisted and the unregistered.

A global movement with a local approach To truly understand the needs of the most vulnerable in Haiti requires community level engagement. Our 10,000 strong network of Haitian Red Cross volunteers are working in their own communities, to empower them as partners in development. Port-au-Prince neighbourhood- Photo: Xavier Génot - IFRC

7

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

Therefore Red Cross resources will be focused on providing greater support in people’s communities. According to the government, only 22 per cent of houses in Port-au-Prince were entirely destroyed or rendered unsalvageable by the earthquake. The rest are either safe to return to or can be repaired. The repair of yellow houses and support to get people back into green houses will be the cornerstones of transitional and permanent reconstruction efforts in the coming months and years.

Integrated programming

Meeting with communities in Delmas 19 - Photo: British Red Cross

At the same time we are using this experience and community knowledge to work with public authorities on development plans and implementation. Disasters can provide the opportunity to catalyse a change in relations with longer-term benefits for the urban poor. It is only by working closely with the Haitian people and genuinely engaging them as real partners in their own recovery that we can be sure to pave the road to a better future.

Creating safer housing and neighbourhoods The overall aim of the Red Cross in Haiti is to increase community resilience, to support people so they can move out of emergency shelters in informal makeshift camps, to safer housing and neighbourhoods. We are committed to providing shelter in areas people want to live. Estimates suggest that up to 75 per cent of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) are living next to their former neighbourhood.

But shelter isn’t simply about four walls and a roof: it’s about ensuring access to water and sanitation, employment or livelihood opportunities and education. It would definitely be easier and quicker to build shelters on vacant land outside of cities and towns. But if people don’t have access to water and sanitation, if they can’t find work or their kids can’t go to school, then people will leave these shelters and return to their neighbourhoods. We would only have delayed the issue and wasted precious resources. We are committed to providing shelter in areas where people want to live. The Red Cross will focus on an integrated approach which looks at all of the services needed for a community to thrive, and we will work side by side with local residents, involving them as active participants in their neighbourhood renewal. The importance of livelihoods In urban areas such as Haiti, rebuilding homes and restoring livelihoods go hand in hand, as the home provides a safe place for families, access for income earners and, often, a site for home-based enterprises. This is why, with every shelter solution the Red Cross is offering, we are also providing a small livelihoods grant. This initial injection of cash into a household gives people the opportunity to set their own priorities. For some it may be buying food to sell, for others it may be to repair or replace equipment previously used to make a living, for all it is an essential step along the road to recovery and the most requested form of assistance to date.

8

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

Meeting the challenges Whilst the pace of recovery is expected to increase in 2011, significant challenges and threats remain. It is estimated up to 650,000 people are currently living in camps and are in need of assistance; there are also thousands of vulnerable people staying with host families or living in their old communities who need support. Supporting families to move back home is a priority but we recognise this will take time and many families will remain in camps for the foreseeable future. The Red Cross will continue to provide basic support in camps to these families, as long as needed. The Red Cross cannot meet the needs of all of those affected by the earthquake and therefore we will continue to work closely with other humanitarian actors, international donors and the government of Haiti, to support Haitian people to rebuild their communities and live with dignity.

Looking ahead Much of the future direction of aid in urban settings could depend on the success or failure of the enormous humanitarian and political commitment to Haiti in the wake of the January 2010 catastrophic quake. As the world watches a series of humanitarian disasters unfold in Japan, now is the time to reflect and learn. A new universal way of working with the urban poor must emerge from the rubble of Port-au-Prince which can better equip the international community when urban disasters strike.

Delmas 19 Photo: IFRC

9

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

4. Haiti by the numbers, the Red Cross Red Crescent Response * All figures, except shelter solutions, are drawn from the ‘Federation-wide’ report for Haiti fourth programmatic round at April 2011.

195,160 households received food assistance in the early months of the response.

163,285 households have received at least one relief item. 414,359 people have been reached by community-based health services. Photo: Gennike Mayers/ IFRC

229,977 patients have been treated at healthcare facilities. 1,565,370 people have received vital information through hygiene promotion activities.

278,564 people are provided with clean water each day. 1,977,678 litres of safe drinking water distributed daily . 404,277 people have access to sanitation facilities such as latrines.

15,260 families have been provided with safe and improved shelter solutions (this figure is up to 09/08/11)

14,447 transitional/upgradable/permanent shelter units constructed. (this figure is up to 09/08/11)

51,674 households have received some form of financial support, such as a livelihood support loan or grant.

50,200 people have had access to short-term employment opportunities (‘cash-for-work’).

179,645 households have received emergency shelter materials such as tarpaulins and tools.

9,255 children have been able to access education as the result of the Red Cross paying their school fees and related expenses.

63,393 households have had their emergency shelter materials replaced.

1.2 million people have been reached with Red Cross SMS, providing them with information on disaster preparedness, cholera prevention, malaria prevention and gender-based violence.

10

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

5. Snapshots of the Red Cross Red Crescent Shelter Response

March 2010. Emergency Shelter material distribution. Photo: Jose Manuel Jimenez/IFRC

The Red Cross Red Crescent Emergency Shelter Response In the aftermath of the January 12th 2010 earthquake, in support of Haitian Red Cross Society, sister Red Cross Red Crescent Societies triggered one of the largest single country responses in their history. Distribution of emergency shelter material was one of the key areas of support provided to the affected population.

11

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

March 2010. Emergency Shelter material distribution. Photo : Jose Manuel Jimenez/IFRC

More than 243,038 Emergency Shelter Solutions provided to date In total, more than 243,038 Emergency Shelter Solutions have been provided as at April 2011. It represents support to 179,645 households who have received emergency shelter materials such as tarpaulins and tools and 63,393 households have had their emergency shelter materials replaced.

12

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

June 2010. Mountains of Macary. Canadian Red Cross Photo: Canadian Red Cross

Safe and Improved Shelter Solution hand in hand with Emergency Shelter response Along with the emergency shelter response, Red Cross Red Crescent Societies made the commitment to provide a safe and improved shelter solution to 30,000 households. The support quickly targeted different affected communities across the country namely in Port-au-Prince, Leogane, Petit Goave and Jacmel. For instance, Canadian Red Cross built shelters in the remote area of Macary in the South East department.

13

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

July 2010. Delmas 9 – French Red Cross / IFRC Photo : French Red Cross

Rubble removal activities to allow plot access Land access quickly surfaced as one of the major bottlenecks to implementing shelter solutions. It comprises land availability, debris removal and land tenure. In a few neighbourhoods of Delmas, French Red Cross cleared plots thanks to a cash for work programme involving displaced residents from the community which in turn allowed for income generation within the neighbourhood.

14

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

June 2010. Annexe de la Mairie IFRC transitional site project Photo: Jose Manuel Jimenez/IFRC

Transitional settlement in the heart of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area The scarcity of land available in the heart of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area hampered the implementation of transitional settlement projects in response to massive needs. Nevertheless, IFRC optimized opportunities when and where land was available. Such is the case of the project in Annexe de la Mairie at the border of Cité Soleil. The land was made available by local authorities but required massive mitigation works to reduce flooding risks.

15

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

July 2010. Spanish Red Cross Program Photo : Spanish Red Cross

Challenges of land tenure The Haitian land management system is characterized mainly by a lack of precise and feasible data on land tenure and property rights, low-level of formalized deeds and a large scale of different forms of informal tenure, especially in the urban areas. To tackle it, a Participatory Approach was implemented by Spanish Red Cross, based on the collection of information or records regarding residence and tenure from the community members followed by a validation process done by the community members themselves.

16

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

July 2010. Spanish Red Cross Progressive in Leogane Photo : Jose Manuel Jimenez/IFRC

Supporting households to find shelter within their communities One of the main objectives of Red Cross Red Crescent Societies in Haiti is to bring households as close as possible to their former communities where they could re establish their livelihoods. Spanish Red Cross implemented progressive shelters which could be quickly erected with tarpaulin walls. Later on, temporary walls will be replaced with permanent material.

17

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

August 2010. Haitian Red Cross IFRC Radio Croix-Rouge Photo : Jose Manuel Jimenez/IFRC

Communicating with beneficiaries, “Radyo Kwa Wouj” Haitian Red Cross, with the support of IFRC, produce and broadcast a weekly radio show, which aims to provide people with useful information and advice, both about Red Cross projects and about keeping safe and healthy. To date there have been four shows about the Red Cross shelter programme in Haiti, which allowed callers to ask questions and get direct responses about what Red Cross is doing for them in Haiti (Emergency Shelter, Transitional Shelter, integrated neighbourhood approach and self sheltering solutions).

18

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

October 2010. British Red Cross reinforcement program Photo : British Red Cross

Reinforcing emergency shelters for the most vulnerable in JMV camp The British Red Cross has been working in the camp of La Piste JMV (estimated population 40,000 people) focussing on sanitation, solid waste management and the provision of shower facilities. In addition, small teams of carpenters identify the most vulnerable shelters, using materials that are already in use along with a small amount of timber, tarps and nails in order to improve the living conditions of the families being supported. More than 3,400 households have been supported to date in La Piste JMV and in Automeca camp

19

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

September 2010. IFRC Self Sheltering Solution programme Photo: IFRC

Decongesting camps through self sheltering solution programming The overcrowded camps of Port-au-Prince require alternative ways of addressing shelter programming. The IFRC shelter team, after surveying potential possibilities, in discussion with families in camps, designed the self sheltering approach. The idea is to support families who have found appropriate shelter solutions on their own, thereby allowing them to return to their original communities. It could be through the identification of a plot of land where a transitional shelter can be built, a safe room to rent for one year or a host family in the provinces.

20

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

September 2010. IFRC Self Sheltering Solutions programme Photo: IFRC

Decongesting camps through self sheltering solution programming The household must find its own self sheltering solution however, the IFRC shelter team assesses places identified to insure their safety. The household is in charge of negotiation but IFRC shelter team monitor the process. A livelihood grant is provided after one month then another after six months to allow the household to resume a normal life whether they choose to start a small business, purchase assets or pay school fees for the children. More than 1,500 households have been supported to date.

21

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

February 2011. IFRC Self Sheltering Solutions programme Photo : Gennike Mayers/IFRC

Decongesting camps through self sheltering solution programming These families lived previously in Annexe de la Mairie in emergency shelters. The size of the land made available by the authorities didn’t allow IFRC to build sufficient upgraded shelters for all those in need. However, they found a plot of land from relatives, and now enjoy a safe and Improved Shelter Solution.

22

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

February 2011. Woodstock Workshop Photo : Palle Horn /IFRC

The Woodstock workshop: providing jobs and building capacity. IFRC shelter team established the Woodstock workshop where timber is cut, pre-mounted and packed to prepare transitional shelter kits. These kits are then delivered to the construction sites where teams of community workers erect the shelters. This project employs on average 35 Haitians, who are trained by the IFRC in carpentry work and basic business management. The Woodstock workshop supports the shelter projects of IFRC, French Red Cross and Norwegian Red Cross. It is also in the process of making products from rubble processing.

23

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

April 2011. French Red Cross Community workers Photo : French Red Cross

Providing jobs and building capacity: the community workers Shelter programming is a great opportunity to create jobs within neighbourhoods. Shelter implementation teams are composed of skilled and non skilled workers, who come mainly from the communities where interventions are taking place.

24

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

February 2011. Canadian Red Cross programme in Jacmel Photo : Canadian Red Cross

Providing updated shelter unit as a durable, safe and improved housing solution Red Cross Red Crescent societies have already implemented 14,447 shelter units for 13,698 households. They are far more resistant that the minimum technical standards as defined by the Haiti Shelter Cluster. This one was implemented by Canadian Red Cross teams in Jacmel. These shelters are designed to have an extended lifespan of up to 10 years, allowing families to make their shelter home. These structures are designed to resist to the stronger hurricanes which in the past have struck the South East department.

25

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

February 2011. Annexe de la Mairie transitional settlement Source : IFRC

Shelter programming is also working on settlement constraints Community workers are digging drainage channels to mitigate the impact of flooding on this reclaimed land. 1,200 meters have already been done by rotating teams of 400 workers from the camp and neighbouring areas.

26

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

February 2011. Annexe de la Mairie transitional settlement Photo : Ben Depp/ IFRC

Shelter programming is also providing additional livelihood support Red Cross teams will monitor this community at least 1 year after the completion of the construction of 340 planned units which are now almost finished and occupied. Additional support is provided through settlement improvements and livelihood support to households.

27

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

February 2011. La Piste transitional settlement Photo : Gennike Mayers/ IFRC

Shelter programming is working with the communities 400 proud community workers who form the construction team at La Piste resettlement site gather for a group photo. In the background, the hundreds of shelters bear witness to their work. IFRC has built 372 transitional shelters at this site of which more than 148 are already occupied by members of the deaf community .

28

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

February 2011. La Piste transitional settlement Photo : IFRC

Shelter programming is working with the communities Construction teams working on this project were part of the community residing on site and in surrounding camps. Some of the carpentry teams are deaf and mute. IFRC shelter team trained these community workers thereby enabling them to work and earn income. Additional materials have also been provided to allow the installation of verandas to increase the living space and well-being of residents.

29

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

March 2011. Swiss Red Cross shelter in Palmiste à Vin Photo : IFRC

Red Cross is supporting communities in most of the earthquake affected areas Around 60 % of the safe and improved shelter solutions planned by Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies are implemented outside of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area, as is the case of Swiss Red Cross programme in Palmiste à Vin in Leogane.

30

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

March 2011. Netherlands Red Cross shelter in Petit Goave Photo : IFRC

Red Cross is supporting communities in most of the earthquake affected areas Around 60 % of the safe and improved shelter solutions planned by Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies are implemented outside of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area, as is the case of Netherlands Red Cross programme in Palmiste in Petit Goave. This shelter was completed in November 2010 and the family extended it, making it home.

31

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

March 2011. Handicap International / American Red Cross Photo : Handicap International

Red Cross is supporting communities in most of the earthquake affected areas Around 60 % of the safe and improved shelter solutions planned by Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies are implemented outside of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area. To increase collective operational capacity, some Red Cross Societies are implementing their programme in partnership with other organizations, as is the case of American Red Cross working with Handicap International in Petit Goave.

32

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

April 2011. Spanish Red Cross shelter in Leogane Photo : IFRC

Red Cross is supporting communities in most of the earthquake affected area Around 60 % of the safe and improved shelter solutions planned by Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies are implemented outside of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area, as is the case of Spanish Red Cross programme in Leogane. The tarpaulins have been removed and more durable cladding is installed, dramatically increasing the lifespan of the house.

33

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

April 2011. German Red Cross shelter in Leogane Photo : German Red Cross

Red Cross is supporting communities in most of the earthquake affected area Around 60 % of the safe and improved shelter solutions planned by Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies are implemented outside of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area, as is the case of German Red Cross programme in Leogane.

34

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

April 2011. Norwegian Red Cross-IFRC shelter in Petit Goave Photo : Norwegian Red Cross

Red Cross is supporting communities in most of the earthquake affected areas Around 60 % of the safe and improved shelter solutions planned by Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies are implemented outside of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area, as is the case of Norwegian Red Cross programme in the hills of Petit Goave.

35

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

April 2011. French Red Cross - FRC programme in Delmas 30 Photo : IFRC

Red Cross is supporting communities in some Port-au-Prince neighbourhoods Around 40 % of the safe and improved shelter solutions planned by Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies are implemented within the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area, as is the case of French Red Cross - IFRC programme in Delmas 30, one of the more badly affected by the earthquake.

36

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

April 2011. IFRC programme in Carrefour Feuille Photo : IFRC

Red Cross is supporting communities in some Port-au-Prince neighbourhoods Around 40 % of the safe and improved shelter solutions planned by Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies are implemented within the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area, as is the case of the IFRC programme in Carrefour Feuille. 53 displaced families supported by this project are now back in this neighbourhood.

37

Red Cross Red Crescent Societies | Shelter Technical Committee | Haiti Earthquake Operation | More than 15,000 Safe and Improved Shelter Solutions provided

May 2011. British Red Cross programme in Delmas 19 Photo : IFRC – British Red Cross

Red Cross has engaged the path of reconstruction in Port-au-Prince neighborhoods Around 40 % of the safe and improved shelter solutions planned by Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies are implemented within the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area, as is the case of British Red Cross in Delmas 19 with the first permanent houses.

38

6. A shelter project through the lens of a Haitian artist

* Jean Benet Stiverne, a Haitian artist living in a camp near to the Annexe de la Mairie shelter project, began capturing the construction project on canvas. This is Stiverne’s eighth painting, reflecting the progress of the project as colourful shelters take the place of tattered tents and families return to a more normal life.

39