31

DEVELOPMENT OF A CLASS RECORDING PLATFORM FOR ELEMENTARY AND JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS

Kristine Mae Baran Poblacion, Borbon, Cebu +639 1952 601 07 [email protected] Jonathan O. Etcuban Adviser [email protected]

Jaypee Langbid N. Bacalso St., Cebu City +639 3538 680 56 [email protected]

Gerald Rusty Dorico Labangon, Cebu City +639 2713 625 86 [email protected] Gian Carlo S. Cataraja Adviser [email protected]

ABSTRACT ClassRecPH is a Software-As-A-Service class-recording platform for Philippine Elementary and Junior High School Teachers. The main objective was to help and assist the teachers in managing and monitoring the records of their students in the class. Interviews were conducted from one of the public and private school teachers in which the proponents found out issues. Most of the teachers had undergone a series of mishaps situations on their job especially to their manual class record that is very time consuming and frequently experience data redundancy and conflicts on a miscalculation. The proponents examined and analyzed the issues related to class recording and developed an online class record for Grade School and High School. Through this system, it offers solutions that can be accessed through the web and mobile application for fast access to information of students, generate reports and class record management. The usability of the system was significant, and the functionality is user-friendly. The system provides an accurate computation of grades. It also generates reports base on the user's perspective. Prototyping was used in software development to demonstrate the major program modules, which iterated until the customer satisfaction of the system as the final product. Class Rech's web development technology stack consists of HTML, CSS, PHP, Javascript, AJAX, Jquery, Bootstrap, and Code Igniter while for the mobile, Android Eclipse, various SDK tools, and SQLite were utilized. MySQL was also used as the Relational Database Management System and Apache as the web server. With the various features offered by ClassRecPH, it solves the problems of managing manual class recording. It makes the user's work easier and convenient. In addition to this, ClassRecPH is very scalable. It will not stop at simply being a class recording application. In the future, it can expand to incorporate big data analytics, and offer various features which will benefit the users. Keywords: Information Technology, class record, descriptive study, Philippines

Rationale of the Study

The creation and improvement of the Internet were the greatest disclosure by humankind in the twentieth century that prompted a transformation. Today, the Internet is utilized by over half of the total populace, as its applications are found in about each field of life, be it correspondence, information, news, shopping, advertising, excitement, and even training. The creation of the Internet has acquired different preferences practically every field. The fundamental

objective of the Internet is to share data, particularly in the instruction area. The Internet has ended up being a help in the field of instruction as it gives quick access to data anyplace on the planet. The quick and minimal effort get to is one of the significant advantages of Internet to individuals, as getting an Internet association is simple. Correspondence and data are the two essential employments of the Internet. Data accessible on sites can be refreshed or altered whenever and for any number of times (Schonberger & Cukier, 2013). The Basic Education uses a standard and a competency-based grading system that can be found in curriculum guides. All grades will be based on the weighted raw score of the learner's summative assessments. Learners from Grades 1 to 10 are graded on Written Work, Performance Tasks, and Quarterly Assessment every quarter. The formative assessment may be given at any time during the teaching and learning process, and this will be based on assessment for learning so teachers can make adjustments in their instruction (Albanese et al., 2010). A standout amongst the most troublesome parts of instructing in the field of training is an appraisal. The instructive, passionate, and developmental consequences of judging a youngster's work can weigh vigorously on the brain of an educator. Moreover, record keeping is straightforwardly identified with appraisal and objective setting. Thus, it is a great apparatus for following commitments made by singular understudies in the classroom, for surveying understudies, for educating understudies about their development after some time, and for defining objectives for the two understudies and instructors. It is imperative to start the year with thoughts for a record-keeping framework that will be sensible for educators. A class record is expected to enable educators to compose this kind of record keeping. In any case, while keeping great records can require a ton of work and exertion forthright, it will spare instructors a lot of time and work in years to come (Desimone, 2009). Accordingly, the researchers did an interview with the teachers of Punta Princesa Elementary School and learned that they were using the E-class record provided by Department of Education (DepEd) with the use of Microsoft Excel. It lessens their work since the grades are automatically computed, but there are some instances of problems that they still encounter. One, the limitation of the functionalities of the software. Second, they manually record the scores of the students by writing it down in the class record book and then record it again in Microsoft Excel, which is time-consuming



32

and takes twice as much work. Third, when files are corrupted The following are the scope of ClassRecPH: and loss, teachers need to input the data again. And lastly, the • The system is particularly for class recording only. monitoring of class records and the performance of each Data inputted to it are raw scores which are prestudent in the class. The researchers also did an interview computed based on a separate rubric or table of with the University of Cebu High School, where they do the specifications, further computations are based on manual record keeping of class records and them just recently the DepEd Order No. 8, s. 2015; discovered about the E-class record, which the teachers will • The system is specifically for Elementary and soon use. As per the manual class recording, problems like Junior High School teachers for their class computing the grade, recording, and transferring data recording management and monitoring students' manually, retrieving files and storage are one of the record. The school in which the teacher is difficulties they encountered. In general, monitoring and associated is not included yet; maintaining a class record is not as easy as it is regarding • The teachers can record raw scores from manual record keeping and even in using Microsoft Excel. summative assessments and all grades of the Both are struggles for teachers because of labor-intensive students to be computed will be based on the duplication procedures, slow distribution, misplaced originals weighted raw score of the students’ summative and the inconvenience of retrieving files (Ornstein & Hunkin, assessment; 2004). • Learners from Grades 1 to 10 are graded on Written Works, Performance Tasks, and Quarterly The proposed system, ClassRecPH, is a Software-As-A-Service Assessment every quarter; class-recording platform for Philippine Elementary and High • The collaborative scores from the summative School teachers that are simple and easy to manage and assessment are recorded same as the individual monitor student’s record. The proponents wish to reduce the scores in each student; workload of the teachers by eliminating the common • The mobile application can still be used even problems encountered in manual class recording and in using without the internet, but the data wouldn't be the E-class recording. The system aims to help and assist the synchronized to the web application because the teachers to create a class record with ease (Yakoob and system needs an internet connection to use the Sherali, 2007). overall functionality; • The system can dynamically input scores on Objectives of the Study Written Works, Performance Task, and Quarterly The main objective of the study is to design and develop a Assessment; Software-As-A-Service class-recording platform for Philippine • The system can automatically compute the grades Elementary and High School Teachers. ClassRecPH offers the of the inputted scores; web and mobile-based platform for teachers to manage class • The teachers can no longer modify the class record recording. It is aligned with DepEd Order No. 8, s. 2015, which after the class record has been archived. serve as the guidelines for the useful information to be needed. These are the limitations of the system: Specifically, the objectives are: • The system’s mobile application does not support 1. To develop a web portal that will enable: IOS platform; • Teachers to manage their accounts, manage section • The system’s mobile can only be downloaded from and students, handled subjects, and class record of the system’s web portal; their students. • The system’s mobile application does not cater • Teachers to record scores of summative user registration and does not have the assessment of their students specifically on their functionality of adding a student, adding, section or written works, performance tasks, and quarterly subject. The mobile app’s purpose is to prevent assessment. manual class recording of student records; • Teachers to generate the quarterly and final grade • The system’s mobile application does not cater on reports of the students, as well as student lists and collective score recording of the students; super admin for user lists. • The system does not support a centralized • Teachers to monitor student’s grades and their connection between other users. The system’s academic status. purpose is to cater the needs of individual users upon making a class record; 2. To develop a mobile application that will enable: • The system does not support push notifications or • Teachers to log in their accounts, manage students, reminder for the web and mobile platform of handled subjects, and a class section of their ClassRecPH; students. • The system does not cater integrations with • Teachers to record raw scores of the students in various social networks to sign-up and log-in like their written works, performance tasks, and Facebook and Google+; quarterly assessment. • The system does not support Grade 11 & 12 • Teachers to monitor student’s grades. records since the calculations of grades is complicated, and there's not enough time; • The system has no label for assessment to Scope and Limitations of the Study distinguish the scores; The study focuses on the web and mobile-based development • The system does not support the rational with the following scope and limitations of ClassRecPH, adjustments on the grading computations and software as a service class-recording platform for Philippine reconsideration of the untaken assessments of the Elementary and Junior High School Teachers. student; • The system does not cater re-activation of the archived subjects of teachers.



33

Significance of the Study The proposed system will serve as a useful tool that will give direct access to teachers using the Internet. This study is specifically beneficial to the following: Teachers. The primary beneficiaries of this study, specifically in the public and private elementary and high schools. The overall output of this study will provide a management tool for keeping class records up to date. Public and Private Schools. They can have an easy monitoring of a class record and a paperless way to manage student records and track student performances in the class for assessment. Students. As part of the roadmap where they can manage and assess themselves on which subjects do they need improvement on and for awareness of the progress of their grades. The Researchers. The researchers will get the credit for creating the online class-recording platform. Through this study, the researchers will be inspired to develop other related studies to enhance their ability, creativity, and knowledge. Future Researchers. For those who will be conducting a similar study, this research will serve as one of the reference tools or aids for research. This study will also serve as a model and a guide for those who want to improve the existing application.

Flow of the Study

The flow of the study is to provide an online class record for teachers to manage, retrieve and store a student’s written work, performance tasks, and quarterly assessment up to date that can be accessible anytime and anywhere without the need of bringing a physical class record every time (Tomlinson, 2014).

Figure 1: ClassRecPH Flow of the Study

Related Literatures

Reviewing is the "procedure by which an instructor surveys an understudy's learning through classroom tests and assignments, the setting in which great educators build up that procedure, and the exchange that encompasses reviews and characterizes their importance to different groups of onlookers." Grading serves four parts: 1) Evaluates the nature of an understudy's work; 2) Communicates with the

understudy, and in addition businesses, graduate schools, and others; 3) Motivates how the understudies think about, what they concentrate on, and their association in the course; and 4) Organizes to check moves, bring conclusion and center exertion for the two understudies and educators. This is the reason reviewing is so imperative for the evaluation procedure – primarily in the brains of the personnel. The creators, alongside numerous establishments and accreditation organizations, in any case, trust that assessments in themselves, especially last course reviews, might be "separated relics" which are neither valuable nor proper for institutional appraisal needs. It is in this manner, not the real review that is valuable for evaluation, however, the reviewing forms. The Classroom Assessment - Classroom Research demonstrates, proposed by K. P. Cross and others is "any deliberate request outlined and led with the end goal of expanding knowledge and comprehension of the connections amongst educating and taking in." This model can enable the educator to utilize the evaluating procedure as a regular gathering, investigation, and utilization of information about under study figuring out how to survey and enhance the educational programs (Allan & Driscoll, 2014). According to the Policy Guidelines on Classroom Assessment provided by the Department of Education (DepEd, 2015) state that, "Teachers should employ classroom assessment methods that are consistent with curriculum standards. It is critical for educators dependably to advise students about the destinations of the lesson with the goal that the last will intend to meet or even surpass the measures." Otherwise, the instructor gives prompt input to understudies about their learning progress. There are two sorts of classroom appraisal, in particular, developmental and summative. Developmental evaluation is typically casual and is planned to enable understudies to recognize qualities and shortcomings to gain from the appraisal encounter. While summative evaluation measures whether students have met the substance and execution gauges in which the outcomes are recorded and used to cover the students' accomplishment, answered to the students and their folks/gatekeepers, additionally to principals/school heads, instructors who will get the kid in the following evaluation level and direction educators (Biggs, 2011). Students are evaluated in the classroom through procedures and measures that might be utilized for both developmental and summative appraisal, which have distinctive objectives. The data assembled from developmental will enable instructors to guarantee that all students are bolstered while they are creating comprehension and abilities identified with educational programs norms. Instructors should keep a record of developmental appraisal results to think about the examples of learning meant by understudies. However, this should not be used as the basis for grading. On the other hand, summative assessments are used as bases for computing grades and are classified into three components, namely, Written Works (WW), Performance Tasks (PT), and Quarterly Assessment (QA). The evidence produced through summative assessment enables teachers to describe how well the students have learned the standards for a given quarter and these are then reflected in the class record. In a reviewing period, there is one Quarterly Assessment, and there is no required number of Written Work and Performance Tasks, yet these must be ramified over the quarter and used to survey student's aptitudes after every unit has been educated. There are ventures in figuring the Final Grades of the understudies. To begin with, grades from all understudy work are included. This outcome in the aggregate score for every part, to be specific, Written Work, Performance Tasks, and



34

Quarterly Assessment. The crude scores from every segment ThinkWave must be changed over to a Percentage Score (PS) to guarantee ThinkWave school administrative software includes a webthat esteems parallel to each other. Second, the whole of every based grade book for teachers. segment is changed over to the Percentage Score in which the calculation is to isolate the raw score by the most noteworthy conceivable score then duplicate the remainder by 100%. Third, Percentage Scores are then changed over to Weighted Scores (WS) to demonstrate the significance of every segment in advancing learning in the diverse subjects. To process this, the Percentage Score is duplicated by the heaviness of the part found in Table 1 for Grades 1 to 10 and the item is known as the Weighted Score (Black & Wiliam, 2010).

Related Studies

The study is based on different web applications that have similar features with the proposed system. These features will be the guide for the researchers in creating the application in accordance to the problem encountered by the teachers and also by the principal (Padhy, et al., 2012).

LearnBoost

LearnBoost’s free across the board arrangement enables educators to deal with their classroom by offering a stunning evaluation book, programming for overseeing and making lesson designs, following participation, looking after timetables, coordinating Google Apps including logbooks, and labeling of Common Core Standards.



Figure 2: Screenshot of LearnBoost landing page On Figure 2 as appeared above, is the landing page of LearnBoost.com, the point-and-snap interface enables you to set up a classroom in a matter of seconds. Instructors can set their LearnBoost classrooms' consents to permit both understudies, and the parent gets to. At LearnBoost offers a user-friendly interface that would be easy for users to handle. It also offers Grade Statistics, Grading Scale, Tagging of Common Core and Weighted Assignments functionalities that could benefit the teachers using it. Its goal is to provide an efficient functionality that could aid the teacher’s work. It has an integration of some online services including Google+, Facebook, WordPress, and Twitter. Provides a teacher portfolio, which allows the user to upload and re-use lesson plans and materials. Also support a built-in lesson planner, seating plan generator, and attendance keeper. The flaw in this application is only available in the U.S. The graphics-based dashboard does not have hover-labels to help with navigation. It is only available on the web and does not provide a mobile notification for recent activities.

Figure 3: Screenshot of ThinkWave Gradebook



Figure 3 shows an intuitive, easy-to-use, interface that can be learned quickly. Multiple classes can be maintained in a single grade book. There is no need to click multiple times to access different classes. In ThinkWave, student names and courses are automatically populated into the grade book. Instructors can utilize adaptable evaluating choices that can join focuses, letter grades, pass, check, and whatever other custom is reviewing scale. If a class is re-relegated starting with one instructor then onto the next, a programmed work permits the review book, including all assignments and participation, to be exchanged to the new educator. Assignments and freebies can be replicated from past terms naturally, in this way sparing setup time for classes educated each year. As indicated by Boise State University, TRiO PreCollege Upward Bound, "ThinkWave has upgraded our capacity to convey, bolster our staff, oversee understudies, connect with guardians and different schools, and house our understudy information." The features offered in this application are flexible grading options, classroom blog, powerful reports, upload assignments and handouts online. It also has a feature where students can pass online and provide grades online for students and parents to access. Offers a variety filtered reports style upon displaying of data and a feature where teachers can post an assignment online for students to access. It displays a user-friendly interface for users to navigate the system. It offers an accurate arithmetic calculation for the student’s grade. Administrators manage students, classes, schedules, attendance, and custom data. Teachers use a prepopulated grade book to plan curriculum, record grades, and submit attendance. Students and Parents log in to track progress, download materials and submit assignments. Custom fields and custom reports that fit like a glove. An adaptable arrangement of custom fields gives clients a chance to determine precisely what information should be recorded for the client's school. A capable detailing design gives custom reports that exactly meet the most specific revealing prerequisites in any dialect. Flawlessly custom fitted and exceedingly proficient reports make the school incredible to understudies, guardians, and different constituents. The entanglement of this application is understudy must be added to the database each one in turn as opposed to by transferring a CSV document. In spite of the fact that there is an assortment of alternatives for appraisal and assessment parameters, teachers outside of the U.S. may think that its hard to tailor the interface to their necessities. This



35

application does not bolster a portable application nor a versatile application refresh warning. Office 365 Excel Office 365 keeps the user connected to what’s important— friends, family, projects and files. Access the Office apps that a user use can access their files either through computers or mobile devices online.

Figure 4: Screenshot of Office 365 Excel Online On Figure 4 is a screenshot of Excel Online which the teachers who are using Office 365 Excel on their laptop can be edited through the web if you left the files at home. Excel Online (formerly Excel Web App) extends the Microsoft Excel experience to the web browser, where the user can work with workbooks directly on the website where it is stored. All Office 365 customers can view and lightly edit Office files using Office Online. Excel Online can complete what the user is typing into a cell and, if there's more than one possible value, it displays them all in a list that a user can pick from. It can create a table to organize and analyze related data. The tables make it easy to sort, filter, and format your data. Find cell content in the active worksheet. Provides an easy to use dialog box gives the option to search up or down from the current selection in the worksheet. If the user stores an Excel workbook on OneDrive.com, they can embed it directly in a blog or website. The readers can sort, filter, and calculate data right there, and if they update the workbook in OneDrive, they’ll see the latest changes the next time they refresh the page. Use the Print command in Excel Online to send the entire worksheet or the current selection to the printer. The Office Online offers native compatibility with Office document formats. It also has a more familiar interface if you’re used to modern, rubberized versions of Office. The flaw of this application is that most users encounter data redundancy and users can’t edit documents offline with Office Online and limited functions. Not only that but beginner users or user that are not computer literate are having a hard time on handling the system.

Research Methodology Software Engineering Methodology

An item progression theory or system change method in programming outlining is a structure that is used to structure, plan, and control the path toward working up an information system (Pressman, 2005).



Model Methodology A model procedure is a product improvement prepares which enables engineers to make just the model of the answer for exhibit its usefulness to the customers and make vital alterations before building up the real last arrangement. Prototyping depends on building a model of a framework to be produced in which the underlying model is not a full framework, but rather it ought to incorporate the significant program modules, database, screens, reports and the information (sources of info) and data (yields) that the framework will use for speaking with interfacing frameworks. Also, it is tuned and iterated until the consumer loyalty of the framework as the last item, and in the meantime, designers flawlessly comprehend what the client needs and how to satisfy them. The best element of this philosophy is that it tackled many issues, which frequently happens in a conventional waterfall show (Hall, 2009).



Figure 5: Prototyping Diagram



Prototyping Model is a frameworks advancement technique (SDM) in which a model (an early estimation of a last framework or item) is constructed, tried, and after that revised as important until the point when a worthy model is at last accomplished from which the total framework or item would now be able to be produced.

Favorable circumstances of Prototyping Model: •

•

•

•

At the point when a model appeared to the customers, they got a reasonable comprehension and a total "vibe" of the usefulness of the product. This technique altogether decreased the danger of disappointment, as potential dangers can be recognized in early stage and balanced steps can be taken rapidly. The correspondence between programming improvement group and customer made a decent and favorable condition amid the v It helped in requirement gathering and requirement analysis when there was a lack of required documents.

Disadvantages of Prototyping Model: •

Prototyping typically is done at the cost of the designer along these lines; it ought to be finished utilizing negligible assets association's advancement taken a toll extends excessively.



36

Transformative Prototyping additionally called as breadboard prototyping depends on building a genuine utilitarian model with negligible usefulness in the first place. The model created shapes the core without bounds models over which the whole framework is manufactured. Utilizing developmental prototyping, the distinguishing proof of the essential prerequisites are those that are surely known because it will most likely be unable to know every one of the necessities since it is a ceaseless procedure. There will be a few models to be made to guarantee its prosperity, and according to criticism from the objective market for a check of the framework, it is possible that it is agreeable or not until the point that such time the last item is satisfying. The four key strides required with the Evolutionary Prototyping are:

(Gather

Management and Section Management. After the teacher having access to the system, the teacher can create an advisory section and section to handle. The teacher can now add student into the sections and update Student details, section details, student grade details and class record details. Teachers can also view filtered reports and monitor Student Grades, Student Remarks and rankings.

Figure 7: Program Workflow for Admin – Web



Figure 8 shows that the administrator can manage the system contents which include User Accounts, Subject Percentage Management, and view Section List. The administrator can introductory monitor user accounts and update subject percentage.

•

Beginning Concept necessities)

• • • •

Make Prototype (Refine prerequisites) Refine Prototyping (Describe all prerequisites in full detail while making every turning point)

•

Discharge last item (Develop the last arrangement in light of model improvement)







Arranging/Conception-Initiation Phase

Figure 8: Program Workflow for Teachers - Mobile

Figure 9 shows that the mobile workflow illustrates the sequence of tasks, programs, and process that users go through when they use the mobile application of ClassRecPH.

The Initiation Phase is the principal extend stage and is the ancestor to extend arranging. In this stage contains the plan of action canvas, Gantt graph, program work process, useful decay chart and approval board which is utilized as a part of creating ClassRecPH (Dvir & Lechler, 2004).

Functional Decomposition Diagram

Program Workflow

Functional Decomposition Diagram (FDD) is a fundamental analysis technique. It breaks a complex problem into successive layers of more manageable and comprehensive pieces that hierarchically decompose a system into its functional components, decompose a business process into sub-process and provide a definition of all the functions and sub-functions identified as system requirements. In this case, figures 10 and 11 shows the FDD of the web and mobile application (Jacobsen, et al., 2006).

Program workflow is a series of tasks to produce the desired outcome. It describes the sequential steps on how the program works. In this case, figures 7, figure 8, and figure 9 shows how users and admin interact with the system. It is the best way to understand how ClassRecPH works (Deelman et al., 2003).

Figure 6: Program Workflow of ClassRecPH for the Teachers – The Web Figure 7 shows that the teacher can manage the system contents, which include the Account Management, Student Record Management, Class Record Management, Subject







37

Use Case Diagrams A use case diagram describes how users perform tasks on a system. It outlines how the system responds to the request of a certain actor. It shows the steps performed by an actor and how these processes relate to each other. The following figures below represent the use case diagrams of the main modules of the system (Mori, et al., 2002).

Figure 9: ClassRecPH Functional Decomposition Diagram – Web



Figure 10 shows that the Functional Decomposition diagram in the web was broken down into parts, for the operations and functions of the system in hierarchical order. There are two types of users on the system; these are the teachers and admin. On the web modules, it contains the subject, section, student and class record management. The reports generated by the system are filtered list of the final grade, a list of quarterly grade, student list, and remarks. ClassRecPH monitors on the academic status of students that are encoded into the system. It monitors on student grades and rankings.

Figure 11: Account Management -Teacher Figure 12 shows that after the accounts being created, the teachers can log in and manage their accounts in the system. The system provides a profile build up, and teachers can update their account to their desire.

Figure 12: Class Record Management – Teacher

Figure 10: ClassRecPH Functional





Decomposition Diagram - Mobile Figure 11 shows the Functional Decomposition diagram in mobile was broken down into parts, for the operations and functions of the system in mobile. It has four management, these are the account management were users can log in and manage their class record but does not cater mobile registration. Next is the subject management where users can modify it to their accord it goes to student management and class record management. In the class, record management is broken into three parts these are the written works, performance tasks and quarterly assessment with its distinct percentage (Eastman et al., 2011).

Analysis-Design Phase

The Analysis Phase is also the part of the project where you identify the overall direction that the project will take through the creation of the project strategy documents. This is where the researchers break down the deliverables in the high-level project charter into the more detailed business requirements. In this phase contains the use case diagrams, storyboard, database design, and network design (Morse, 2003).



Figure 13: Subject Management - Teacher





38

Figure 14: Section Management – Teacher





Figure 15: Written Works Management

Figure 20: Reports – Teacher





Figure 21: Account Management- Admin

Figure 16: Student Management

Figure 22: Weight Component Management –Admin Figure 17: Quarterly Assessment Management





Figure 18: Performance Tasks Management



Figure 23: Reports – Admin Figure 19: Monitoring – Teacher









39 substances. An ERD is a reasonable and authentic model of information used to speak to the element system foundation (Lin, et al., 2002).

Figure 24: Monitoring – Admin



Figure 25: Account Management –Teacher





Figure 30: Entity Relationship Diagram of ClassRecPH

Network Design Figure 26: Section Management – Teacher

Network Model

Figure 27: Subject Management – Teacher



Figure 28: Student Management – Teacher



Network design refers to the planning of the implementation of a computer network infrastructure. It represents the model and the topology of the network that the system will be using (Sezer et al., 2013).

Figure 29: Student Grade Monitoring – Teacher

Database Design Database Design is a methodical method for guaranteeing that a database structure is appropriate for broadly useful questioning and free of certain undesirable attributes— addition, refresh, and erasure peculiarities that could prompt loss of information honesty. It contains the ERD and the information word reference of the framework (Ledwich & Wilson, 2010).

Element Relationship Diagram

An element relationship chart (ERD) is an information demonstrating procedure that graphically outlines a data framework's elements and the connections between those

Network models are used to conceptualize how networks should work so that hardware and network protocols can interoperate (Kawadia & Kumar, 2003). The ClassRecPH network Model follows the TCP/IP model. TCP/IP provides end-to-end connectivity specifying how data should be packetized, addressed, transmitted, routed and received at the destination. This functionality is organized into four abstraction layers, which are used to sort all related protocols according to the scope of networking involved. ClassRecPH Network Model-based its architecture from various computer networks. Firstly, it uses a Local Area Network between computers/devices, which are connected to the same router. Wireless devices such as laptop computers and smartphones connect through a Wireless Local Area Network, and IAN or Internet Area Network also called the cloud. IAN securely connects endpoints through the public web so that they can communicate and exchange information and data without being tied to a physical location. The Internet uses TCP/IP protocol suite, also known as Internet suite. This defines Internet Model, which contains four-layered architecture. OSI Model is general communication model, but Internet Model is what the Internet uses for all its communication. The Internet is independent of its underlying network architecture (Fall and Stevens, 2011). This model has the following layers: • Application Layer: This layer characterizes the convention, which empowers a client to



40

•

•

•

communicate with the system. For example, FTP, HTTP, and so on. Transport Layer: This layer characterizes how information should stream between has. The significant convention in this layer is Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). This layer guarantees information conveyed between has it all together and is in charge of end-to-end convey Web Layer: Internet Protocol (IP) deals with this layer. This layer encourages have tending to and acknowledgment. This layer characterizes directing. Connection Layer: This layer gives a system to sending and getting real information. Unlike its Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model counterpart, this layer is independent of underlying network architecture and hardware.

can be done through the Internet. Although there are physical servers used, which is for backup purposes, the main player is the cloud server. The development/management team is connected to the very same router that the physical server is connected. That router is connected to the Internet wherein the team can update the files on the cloud. Also, the team migrates the files from the cloud to the local server and vice versa to maintain file integrity. Whenever either one of the servers goes down, there is always a backup plan. On the client side, whenever a workgroup subscribes to the service, they connect to the Internet to access the server for the service. Small businesses may obtain the service using the Internet. Just like any common network setup, the computer/device of a client will always have to connect from a router either wired or not in order to connect to the internet (Subashini & Kavitha, 2011).

Development/Construction/Build Phase



In this phase, this represents how the Development and Construction of the system as to what technology will be using with its hardware specification and software specification and the list of modules of ClassRecPH (Foster et al., 2008).

Technology Stack Diagram

Technology Stack is a combination of hardware requirements, software products and programming languages used to create the ClassRecPH’s web and mobile application.



Figure 31: Network Model On Figure 56 shows the network model used on the system. It shows the standard and correct arrangement of various network equipment, links, and nodes within the computer network.

Figure 33: Technology Stack of ClassRecPH

Network Topology

Figure 32: ClassRecPH Network Topology





Figure 58 shows the technology to be used on the development of ClassRecPH. On the web development the technology stack consists of HTML, CSS, PHP, Javascript, AJAX, Jquery, Bootstrap, and Code Igniter while for the mobile, Android Studio, various SDK tools, and SQLite were utilized. MySQL was also used as the Relational Database Management System and Apache as the web server. There are two software components in applications: the client-side (front-end) and server-side (back-end). The terms front end and back end refer to the initial and the stage of the process flow, which means that the front-end is responsible for collecting input from the user and processing it in such a way that it conforms to a specification that the back-end can use. The front-end is the visual part of the application that users will see and interact with by providing a friendly user interface. A back-end application or program serves indirectly in support of the front-end services; it contains the business logic that works behind the scenes to drive your application. Users will never directly interact with the back-end; all information is passed back and forth through the front-end.

class Rech's network topology is a star topology because it involves a central location serving as the hub for the design, with sites branching off the hub like spokes on a wagon wheel. Program Specification In the figure, everything comes from the Internet. Its server In program design, a specification captures precisely the and storage are in the cloud and accessing that information interfaces between the modules of a program. It contains the



41

list of modules that the researchers are going to use for the system (Aldrich, 2005).

9.

Integration Testing

10. 11.

Integration testing is used to test the interactions between different modules where the individual modules combined and tested as a group. It will identify possible problems that may occur when combining all the units (Gentleman et al., 2004).

12. 13.

CONCLUSION

In summary, the proponents were able to arrive at these conclusions based on the findings of the study. This research's main purpose is to develop software as a service class recording platform for Philippine Elementary and Junior High School Teachers, which offers a better service on the web and mobile application to cater the teacher’s needs upon making their class record. The proponents conclude that with the implementation of this system, teachers are given the means to organize their class record; can update accurate and efficient on student’s record in each subject and lessen their difficulty on the process of class recording. All of the objectives defined in the first chapter have been achieved. Now users can experience and enjoy the features provided by ClassRecPH with both web and mobile application. Teachers can manage and monitor anywhere on the go with an internet connection. It aims to achieve accurate, paperless records and avoid data redundancy. With the use of the system, teachers will be more focus and organize on their job without worrying to catch deadliest deadlines of passing grades, since it’s easier to handle and navigate the class record with the help of ClassRecPH. In addition to this, ClassRecPH has a number of features that enhance the user’s experience in managing their class records such as tracking student grade and status, generate filtered reports on a summary of quarterly and final grade, access to the mobile application to easy to modify and manage student records. The proponents were able to develop a system that is useful and easy-to-use for teachers.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Like most systems, perfection is not attainable. The developments of the ClassRecPH was never completed due to limited time and resources. ClassRecPH is very scalable, and there are a lot of potential and space for improvement and future research. Based on the preceding findings of this system/study, the following are some recommended future enhancements for ClassRecPH: 1. Mobile Registration, upload files like assignments & projects, and also accepts existing excel file formats; 2. Develop a lite mobile version so that users who only have small memory space in their mobiles can still download the app; 3. Create an assessment name for written works and performance tasks to distinguish the scores. 4. Create a feature for reactivation of the archived subjects of teachers. 5. Rational adjustments of computations and reconsideration of untaken assessments. 6. Add to the mobile version the features/modules that are on the web but not present in the mobile; 7. Push notifications or reminder for the web and mobile platform of ClassRecPH; 8. Real-time notifications on both platform of activities that concern the user;

14. 15.

Centralized connection to other users and its specific organization; Integrations with various social networks to signup and log-in like Facebook and Google+; Offer additional type of users to the system such as students and parents; Additional feature such as a formative assessment or a lesson plan to evaluate the students on their learning; Subscription of users which include the individual users and school; Progress report of student that can be shared with their parents; Highly improve grade calculation for the Grade 11 and 12 student’s record;



LITERATURE CITED Albanese, M. A., Mejicano, G., Anderson, W. M., & Gruppen, L. (2010). Building a competency-based curriculum: the agony and the ecstasy. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 15(3), 439-454. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10459008-9118-2 Aldrich, J. (2005, July). Open modules: Modular reasoning about advice. In European conference on objectoriented programming (pp. 144-168). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://link.springer.com/10.1007%2F11531142_7 Allan, E. G., & Driscoll, D. L. (2014). The three-fold benefit of reflective writing: Improving program assessment, student learning, and faculty professional development. Assessing Writing, 21, 37-55. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii /S1075293514000087 Biggs, J. B. (2011). Teaching for quality learning at university: What the student does. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Retrieved on May 2017 from https://goo.gl/fFlJH2 Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (2010). Inside the black box: Raising standards through classroom assessment. Phi Delta Kappan, 92(1), 81-90. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/00 3172170408600105 Business architecture menu- Functional Decomposition Diagrams. (2011). Retrieved on May 2017 from http://www.togaf-modeling.org/models/businessarchitecture-menu/functional-decompositiondiagrams-menu.html: http://www.togafmodeling.org/models/business-architecturemenu/functional-decomposition-diagramsmenu.html Deelman, E., Blythe, J., Gil, Y., Kesselman, C., Mehta, G., Vahi, K., ... & Koranda, S. (2003). Mapping abstract complex workflows onto grid environments. Journal of grid Computing, 1(1), 25-39. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-14615-0509-9_7

DepEd Order No. 8, s. 2015 - Policy Guidelines on Classroom Assessment for the K to 12 Basic Education Program. (2015). Retrieved on May 2017 from http://www.deped.gov.ph/orders/do-8-s-2015. Desimone, L. M. (2009). Improving impact studies of teachers’ professional development: Toward better conceptualizations and measures. Educational researcher, 38(3), 181-199. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://edr.sagepub.com/content/38/3/181.short Dvir, D., & Lechler, T. (2004). Plans are nothing, changing plans is everything: the impact of changes on project success. Research policy, 33(1), 1-15. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii /S0048733303001446 Eastman, C. M., Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2011). BIM handbook: A guide to building information modeling for owners, managers, designers, engineers and contractors. John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://goo.gl/8yBFwe Fall, K. R., & Stevens, W. R. (2011). TCP/IP illustrated, volume 1: The protocols. addison-Wesley. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://goo.gl/YK82QW Foster, I., Zhao, Y., Raicu, I., & Lu, S. (2008, November). Cloud computing and grid computing 360-degree compared. In Grid Computing Environments Workshop, 2008. GCE'08 (pp. 1-10). Ieee. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/473 8445/ Gentleman, R. C., Carey, V. J., Bates, D. M., Bolstad, B., Dettling, M., Dudoit, S., ... & Hornik, K. (2004). Bioconductor: open software development for computational biology and bioinformatics. Genome biology, 5(10), R80. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/article s/10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r80 Hall, C. A. (2009, April). Web presentation layer bootstrapping for accessibility and performance. In Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibililty (W4A) (pp. 6774). ACM. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1535671 Jacobsen, N. J., Andersen, P., & Brincker, R. (2006, September). Using enhanced frequency domain decomposition as a robust technique to harmonic excitation in operational modal analysis. In Proceedings of ISMA2006: international conference on noise & vibration engineering (pp. 18-20). Retrieved on May 2017 from ftp://ftp.svibs.com/Download/Literature/Papers/ 2006/2006_6.pdf Kawadia, V., & Kumar, P. R. (2003, March). Power control and clustering in ad hoc networks. In INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-Second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications. IEEE Societies (Vol. 1, pp. 459-469). IEEE. Retrieved on May 2017 from

42 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/120 8697/ Ledwich, M. J., & Wilson, J. H. (2010). U.S. Patent Application No. 13/148,773. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://www.google.com/patents/US2012000515 3 Lin, F. R., Yang, M. C., & Pai, Y. H. (2002). A generic structure for business process modeling. Business Process Management Journal, 8(1), 19-41. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108 /14637150210418610 Mayer-Schönberger, V., & Cukier, K. (2013). Big data: A revolution that will transform how we live, work, and think. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://goo.gl/yHCKWy Mori, G., Paternò, F., & Santoro, C. (2002). CTTE: support for developing and analyzing task models for interactive system design. IEEE Transactions on software engineering, 28(8), 797-813. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1 027801/ Morse, J. M. (2003). Principles of mixed methods and multimethod research design. Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research, 1, 189208. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://goo.gl/6tHrxq Ornstein, A. C., & Hunkin, F. P. (2004). Foundations, principles and issues. New York, NY: Allyn. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://goo.gl/wzL4eb Padhy, N., Mishra, D., & Panigrahi, R. (2012). The survey of data mining applications and feature scope. arXiv preprint arXiv:1211.5723. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://arxiv.org/abs/1211.5723 Pressman, R. S. (2005). Software engineering: a practitioner's approach. Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://goo.gl/o8DLBU Sezer, S., Scott-Hayward, S., Chouhan, P. K., Fraser, B., Lake, D., Finnegan, J., ... & Rao, N. (2013). Are we ready for SDN? Implementation challenges for softwaredefined networks. IEEE Communications Magazine, 51(7), 36-43. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/655 3676/ Software Development Methodologies and Its Advantages and Disadvantages. (2015). Retrieved on May 2017 from tavasoft.com: http://www.tatvasoft.com/blog/top-12-softwaredevelopment-methodologies-and-itsadvantagesdisadvantages Subashini, S., & Kavitha, V. (2011). A survey on security issues in service delivery models of cloud computing. Journal of network and computer applications, 34(1), 1-11. Retrieved on May 2017 from

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii /S1084804510001281 Tomlinson, C. A. (2014). The differentiated classroom: Responding to the needs of all learners. Ascd. Retrieved on May 2017 from https://goo.gl/6GNZMY Yakoob, S. M., & Sherali, H. D. (2007). A mixed-integer programming approach to a class timetabling problem: A case study with gender policies and traffic considerations. European Journal of Operational Research, 180(3), 1028-1044. Retrieved on May 2017 from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii /S0377221706003511

43