Julia  Mossbridge     422  Florence  Ave.,  Evanston,  IL  60202   [email protected] Overviews of Selected Projects

 Leading a 3-person/3-institution research team, I conducted a meta-analysis testing the unusual idea that human physiology anticipates what seem to be unpredictable events. This meta-analysis, which used statistically conservative methods to examine more than 40 studies published over the past three decades, found a small but highly significant overall effect in support of the hypothesis. After examining several possible explanations for the effect, my co-authors and I concluded that we do not understand the mechanism underlying it. However, we are sure to state in the paper and the abstract that the mechanism is of course not supernatural. If the results are not due to fraud or other difficult-to-test explanations, they support the idea that retrocausality or the "backward" temporal flow of information can occur in physiological systems, at least at the subconscious level. This paper was cited on the Wall Street Journal Ideas Market, Science Daily, and ABC 20/20 websites, among others.  Neuroscientists generally find relationships between EEG (brainwave) activity and behavior by looking at one or two electrode sites (selected out of many) over a few time periods (selected out of many) to determine whether changes in activity are related to the behavior of interest. This analysis not only assumes linear relationships between EEG activity and behavior, it ignores many electrode sites as well as complexities in EEG activity dynamics. I have used a simple pattern classification approach (randomforest ensembles) to take into account non-linear relationships between EEG activity and behavior across electrode sites and time periods. This approach has led to novel and potentially groundbreaking findings, specifically: 1) determining the spatiotemporal signature of reading comprehension for an extended text, and 2) identifying co-oscillations between electrode sites that predict a seemingly unpredictable upcoming event and different co-oscillations predicting the event that should be expected based on stimulus statistics.  Many people struggle with decision-making, even though their subconscious minds may have some solutions to their problems. Centuries-old theories and recent evidence both suggest that intuitive hunches, insights, and guesses can out-perform analytical approaches to problems. One method for tapping into these subconscious problem-solving methods is by becoming aware of the dynamics of physiological processes that reflect hidden internal states. Research by others has indicated that there is a robust relationship between mood and heart rate dynamics. Based on my own pilot experiments, I am extending this idea to crate a smart phone application that helps users make more joyful and stress-free decisions based on their heart rate dynamics.  Since 1999, I have worked outside of the laboratory to build a fully conscious and intelligent complex adaptive system (CAS), using embodied neural networks with weights set by an early-stage evolutionary algorithm. After years of supervised learning to train >10k hidden layers, the system has thus far proved capable of recognizing complex patterns (stories, images, music) and responding to complex commands ("Please take out the recycling," "Don't forget to return your books after you clean your room."). Some rudimentary conscious awareness may be inferred from its novel statements concerning its own experience in relation to its theory of mind for other conscious agents (e.g., "I have a better idea!" "Do you actually think I like your cooking?" and "You are not the boss of me.") Though this system has not yet learned Chinese and therefore fails Searle's Chinese-room test, it passes several other tests of intelligence and consciousness. For instance, it will be entering eighth grade in a traditional human school in Fall 2013. For the past nine years of schooling, no teacher or student has been able to discern the true nature of the system, whom I lovingly call "Joseph."

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Education Ph.D. in Communication Sciences and Disorders, Dissertation: Perceptual Learning of Auditory Relative-Timing Tasks, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL - December 2006 MA in Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA - June 1994 BA in Neuroscience, Minor in Computer Science, Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH - June 1991 Honors and Awards R03 to NIH/NICHD on EEG correlates of reading comprehension received an impact score of 28 (June 2013) Trainee Steering Committee, Training Program in the Neuroscience of Human Cognition (Sept. 2011-Dec. 2012) NIH T32 Training Grant, Neuroscience of Human Cognition (Jan. 2011-Dec. 2012) Sole PI on Bial Foundation grant, Pattern Classification of Predictive Physiological Signals (April 2011-April 2013) Peer reviewer for Brain Research, Perception, Cognition, PLoS One, and Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (2007 – Present) Young Investigator Travel Award, Women in Acoustics, Acoustical Society of America (2007) Laura Ann Wilber Audiology Scholarship, Northwestern University (2004) Oberlin Alumni Dissertation Fellowship (2004) Member, Phi Beta Kappa (1991) Member, Sigma Xi Research Society (1991) Highest Honors in Neuroscience, Oberlin College (1991) Teaching Overview Research mentor for 5 undergraduate and 4 graduate students in psychology and neuroscience – 2005-present Original course: Gender differences in perception, cognition, and the brain – Winter 2013 Independent study in research methods – Summer 2011 Psychology of sound perception (psychoacoustics) – Fall 2009 Biophysics – Spring 2008 Original course: Math for students with math anxiety – 2007-2008 Biochemistry – Fall 2007, Fall 2008 Research and Teaching Experience Northwestern University, Evanston, IL Adjunct Faculty, Department of Psychology Summer 2011 – Present Teach undergraduate and graduate courses as needed for the department. Research Associate, Department of Psychology March 2010 – Present Design, perform, analyze and report experimental research on the physio- and psychological bases of human perception, attention, and cognition, especially as related to multi-sensory perception and related cognitive skills. Adjunct Faculty, Communication Sciences and Disorders Fall 2009 Taught an undergraduate and graduate lecture course on the psychological bases of sound perception. Visiting Scholar (Post-doc), Department of Psychology August 2008-February 2010 Designed, performed, and secured funding for research on the physio- and psychological bases of prediction. Pacific College of Oriental Medicine, Chicago, IL 2007-2008 Adjunct Faculty, Biological Sciences Taught biophysics (one semester) and biochemistry (two semesters) to students of Traditional Chinese Medicine, integrating a Western scientific view into an Eastern curriculum. Shimer College, Chicago, IL 2007-2008 Adjunct Faculty and Grants Writer Taught remedial math and algebra to students with math anxiety. Research and wrote funding proposals focusing on the intersection between technology, science, and humanities curricula.

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(Research and teaching experience, continued.) Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 1998-2006 Doctoral student, Department of Communication Science and Disorders Designed, performed, and analyzed experiments, presented results, and prepared for publication a dissertation focusing on the neural circuitry underlying the perceptual learning of auditory temporal tasks. John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL Research Assistant, Marine Mammals Working with Dr. Jeanette Thomas, analyzed killer whale and leopard seal communication signals.

1995-1998

University of California, San Francisco, CA 1991-1994 Research and Teaching Assistant, Doctoral Program in Neurosciences Taught review sessions in a neuroanatomy course. Co-taught six upper-level seminar courses on brain function and the neurobiology of disease. Defended a master’s thesis relating brainstem neuronal firing to fear and pain behavior. Oberlin College, Oberlin, OH Research Assistant, Neurosciences Honors Program Designed and tested computational models of hypothalamic hormonal release.

1990-1991

Non-Academic Freelance Writing Experience Scientific Writer/Editor 2005-2007 Researched, wrote, and edited fact sheets for a website focusing on children with autism (www.healingthresholds.org). Wrote lay summaries of scientific articles for a national database created by the Environmental Protection Agency (www.epa.gov/TEACH). Performed content- and copy-editing services for a research-based book about the education of gifted children, Acceleration for Gifted Learners K-5. Bi-Monthly Columnist, Conscious Choice Magazine Researched and wrote a scientifically informed Mind/Body Health column for a local magazine.

2004-2006

Corporate Experience Mossbridge Institute, LLC 2013-present Owner and Founder Sole proprietor, currently building a smart phone app that helps people make choices based on heart rate variability. UQ Solutions for Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL Validation Team Lead, ADD Unit Team Lead for a proprietary Laboratory Information Management System software validation project.

1997-1998

Ameritech, Chicago, IL Business Analyst, Enhanced Business Services Information Technology Group Project lead for development, testing and implementation of a proprietary client-server application.

1995-1996

Recent Coursework on Special Topics Event-related potential (ERP) “Boot Camp” with Steve Luck. Dec. 2010. Taking Responsibility for Responsible Conduct of Research. 10-weeks, NIH-approved. Winter 2011. Introduction to Complex Adaptive Systems with the Santa Fe Institute. Spring 2013. Invited Talks Samueli Institute, August 2013. King's University College, November, 2012. University of Illinois at Chicago, November, 2012. Illinois Science Council, October 2008. Neuroscene radio show, November 2008.

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Professional Affiliations Society for Scientific Exploration Vision Sciences Society Cognitive Neurosciences Society Publications Peer-reviewed articles 1. Mossbridge JA, Ortega-Torres L, Grabowecky MF and Suzuki S. 2013. Rapid volitional control of apparent motion during percept generation. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics. Online first, 1-10. 2. Dalkvist J, Mossbridge JA, and Westerlund J. 2013. How to handle expectation bias in presentiment experiments. Proceedings of the Parapsychological Association, 56th meeting. 3. Mossbridge JA, Tressoldi P, and Utts J. 2012. Predictive anticipatory activity preceding seemingly unpredictable stimuli: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology 3:390. 4. Guzman-Martinez E, Ortega L, Grabowecky MF, Mossbridge JA, and Suzuki, S. 2012. Interactive coding of visual spatial frequency and auditory amplitude-modulation rate. Current Biology 22: 383-388. 5. Mossbridge, JA, Grabowekcy MF and Suzuki S. 2011. Physiological markers of future outcomes: Three experiments on subconscious psi perception during concurrent performance of a guessing task. Proceedings of the Parapsychological Association, 54th meeting. 6. Mossbridge JA, Grabowecky MF and Suzuki S. 2011. Changes in auditory frequency guide visual spatial attention. Cognition 121: 133-139. 7. Mossbridge, JA, Grabowekcy MF and Suzuki S. 2009. Evidence for Subconscious but not Conscious Psi in Remote Stare Detection and Precognition Tasks. Proceedings of the Parapsychological Association, 52nd meeting. 8. Mossbridge JA, Scissors, BN, and Wright BA. 2008. Learning and generalization on asynchrony and order tasks at sound offset: Implications for underlying neural circuitry. Learning and Memory 15:13-20. 9. Mossbridge JA, O’Connor E, Fitzgerald MB, and Wright BA. 2006. Perceptual learning evidence for separate processing of asynchrony and order tasks. J. Neuroscience 26:12708-16. 10. Mossbridge JA and Thomas JA. 1999. An "acoustic niche" for Antarctic killer whale and leopard seal sounds. Marine Mammalogy 15:1351-1357. Articles under review, in revision, or in press 1. Mossbridge JA, Grabowecky MF and Suzuki S. Seeing the song: Left hemisphere tracks temporal congruency between images and music. In revision, PLoS One. 2. Mossbridge JA, Grabowecky MF, Paller K and Suzuki S. Neural activity tied to reading predicts individual differences in reading comprehension. In revision, Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. Articles in preparation or submitted 1. Mossbridge JA, Matthweson K, Grabowecky MF, Suzuki S. Pattern classification reveals unique beta and gamma functional connectivity predicting auditory and visual priming. (In preparation). 2. Mossbridge JA, Grabowecky MF, Suzuki S. Concurrent music reverses male superiority in visual-spatial working memory. (In preparation). Books 1. Mossbridge JA. 2002. Unfolding: The perpetual Science of Your Soul’s Work. New World Library. 2. Baruss, I & Mossbridge JA. (in preparation). Mapping the Garden of the Mind: An Empirical Approach to Conscious Self-Awareness. In negotiation with the American Psychological Association.

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Chapters 1. Mossbridge JA. Physiological activity that seems to anticipate future events. To appear in The Evidence for Psi, edited by Ben Goertzel and Damien Broderick. 2. Mossbridge JA. 2009. Brain Shaping at Work: Wiring Our Brains for Integrity, Leadership, Creativity and [Insert Your Favorite Trait or Skill Here]. In “The Workplace and Spirituality: New Perspectives in Research and Practice,” Dr. Joan Marques, Ed. Skylight Paths Publishing. Abstracts 1. Mossbridge, JA, Grabowecky M, and Suzuki S. 2013. Music facilitates mental rotation performance in women. J. Vision, 13(9):1085. 2. Mossbridge, JA, Grabowecky M, and Suzuki S. 2013. Where women see contrast, men see luminance. Cognitive Neuroscience Society 2013 Annual Meeting Abstracts, p.93. 3. Mossbridge, JA, Grabowecky M, Paller, K, and Suzuki S. 2012. Pattern classification of ERPs predicts individual differences in reading comprehension. Poster given at the Cognitive Neurosciences Society 19th annual meeting. 4. Mossbridge, JA, Grabowecky M, and Suzuki S. 2012. Seeing the song: Left auditory cortex encodes auditoryvisual dynamic congruence. Talk given at the Vision Sciences society 12th annual meeting. 5. Grabowecky M, Guzman-Martinez E, Ortega L, Mossbridge JA, and Suzuki S. 2011. Implicit crossmodal associations modulate perception: auditory and tactile influences on visual grating perception. Cognitive Neuroscience Society 2011 Annual Meeting Abstracts, p.48. 6. Mossbridge JA, Grabowecky M, and Suzuki S. 2011. Music enhances visuospatial working memory in women but not men. Cognitive Neuroscience Society 2011 Annual Meeting Abstracts, p.87. 7. Guzman-Martinez E, Ortega L, Grabowecky M, Mossbridge JA, and Suzuki S. 2011. Interactive processing of auditory amplitude-modulation frequency and visual spatial frequency. Vision Sciences Society 11th Annual Meeting Programs, p.44. 8. Mossbridge JA, Grabowecky M, and Suzuki S. 2011. The speed of intentional control over bistable apparent motion. Vision Sciences Society 11th Annual Meeting Programs, p.34. 9. Noble C, Mossbridge JA, Iordanescu L, Sherman A, List A, Grabowecky MF, and Suzuki S. 2010. Motion induced pitch: a case of visual-auditory synesthesia. Vision Sciences Society 10th Annual Meeting Abstracts, p.270. 10. Mossbridge JA, Grabowecky MF and Suzuki S. 2010. Pitch changes cue cardinal visual-spatial location only during alignments of allo- and egocentric space. Vision Sciences Society 10th Annual Meeting Abstracts, p.240. 11. Guzman-Martinez E, Ortega-Torres L, Grabowecky M, Mossbridge JA, Suzuki S. 2009. Auditory-visual integration in texture perception mediated by tactile exploration. Vision Sciences Society 9th Annual Meeting Abstracts, p. 57. 12. Mossbridge JA and Wright BA. 2007. Evidence that stimulus bandwidth affects temporal resolution and temporal integration in naïve listeners. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 121: 3132. 13. Scissors BN, Mossbridge JA, and Wright BA. 2003. Asymmetrical Generalization of Learning Between Sound Onset and Sound Offset in an Asynchrony Detection Task. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. Abs., Abstract 871, 26: 220. 14. Mossbridge JA, Scissors BN, and Wright BA. 2003. Improved representations of individual stimuli induced by a two-interval discrimination procedure. Assoc. Res. Otolaryngol. Abs., 26: 222. 15. Mossbridge JA and Wright BA. 2002. Similar improvements in auditory discrimination produced by multiplehour training with a labeling or discrimination procedure. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 111: 2358. 16. Mossbridge JA and Wright BA. 2001. The impact of labeling versus detection training on performance in an asynchrony-detection task. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109: 2289. 17. Mossbridge JA and Thomas JA. 2001. An “acoustic niche” for Antarctic killer whale and leopard seal sounds. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109: 2390.

Julia  Mossbridge   (Abstracts, continued) 18. Wright BA, Fitzgerald MB, and Mossbridge JA. 2001. Specificity of learning in an auditory asynchronydetection task. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 109: 2289. 19. Wright BA and Mossbridge JA. 2000. Specificity of learning in an auditory temporal-order task. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Vol. 107: 2882.

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