Mobile Networks differentiated from each other by the word ‘Generation’ 1G, 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G…

milestones…

1G 1981 World’s first cellular system launched in Saudi Arabia based on the Analog – NMT 450

milestones…

2G 1991 Digital Cellular Standard GSM Service launched

milestones…

2.5G 1997 Under GSM environment GPRS Service launched

milestones…

2.75G 1999 Under GSM environment EDGE Service launched

milestones…

3G 2003 UMTS Service launched

Future …

under

evolution …

Evolution of

3G

Networks

Future 4G 3G GSM + EDGE GSM+GPRS GSM + VAS 2G 1G

Evolution Path of 3G IMT-2000 Capable Systems

UMTS GSM

GPRS

EDGE

Existing Spectrum

New Spectrum

GSM 900 & GSM 1800

2G

2.5G

9.6 kbps

64–115 kbps

IMT 2000

2.75G 115–384 kbps

3G 0.384–2 mbps

3G Networks… UMTS

Universal Terrestrial Mobile System (Developed in Europe)

IMT-2000

International Mobile Telecom (ITU-T)

CDMA 2000 Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (American 3G variant)

IMT 2000 Vision • Common Spectrum Worldwide ( 1.8 – 2.2 GHz band ) • Multiple Radio Environments ( Cellular, cordless, satellite) • Wide Range of Telecommunication Services ( Voice, Data, Multi-media, Internet )

IMT 2000 Vision • Data Rates up-to 2 Mbps – for Indoor Environment • Global Seamless Roaming • Enhanced Security Performance • Integration of Satellite and Terrestrial Systems

IMT Technology ITU has finally narrowed down technology options to the following five : ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ

IMT -DS IMT -MC IMT-TC IMT -SC IMT-FT

(Direct Spread) : (Multi Carrier) : ( Time Code) : ( Single Carrier ) : (Frequency Time) :

WCDMA UTRA FDD CDMA 2000 TD -SCDMA UTRA TDD UWC - 136 DECT

IMT-2000 Data Rate Requirements… To meet the High Speed Data requirements 3G system must support: ƒ 144 kbps Data for High Speed Vehicular Environment. ƒ 384 kbps Data for Low Speed Vehicular Environment. ƒ 2 Mbps Data for Stationary Environment

IMT 2000 Spectrum • IMT 2000 Core Band ( FDD Mode – Paired Frequencies) : ƒ Mobile to BTS (UP-LINK)

- 1920 to 1980 MHz

ƒ BTS to Mobile (DOWN -LINK) - 2110 to 2170 MHz • IMT 2000 TDD Mode unpaired band : 1885 to 1920 MHz 2010 to 2025 MHz

Key Requirements of 3G Services ƒ Improved system capacity ƒ Backward compatibility with 2G Systems ƒ Multimedia Support

Key Requirements of 3G Services ƒ High speed Packet Data Services ƒ Data Rates • up-to 2 Mbps – for Fixed or Indoor Environments • up-to 384 kbps – for pedestrian or urban environments • up-to 144 kbps – for wide area mobile environments

3G Standard : The choice is CDMA In 1999 ITU narrowed down on 5 technologies for IMT2000, 3 of which are based on CDMA technology : ƒ CDMA 2000 1x, ƒ WCDMA ( UMTS ) ƒ TD-SCDMA

What 3G mean to Customers Access to the mobile Internet and Messaging in all forms Email, MMS, Instant Messaging • Always-on connectivity receive voice calls in data mode • Fast data speeds Meaningful access to corporate data • Powerful, easy to use devices

WCDMA (Wide Band – Code Division Multiple Access)

It is the air –interface technology for the UMTS systems

Why WCDMA …. • WCDMA for high speed data access up to 384 Kbps - 2 Mbps • Demand for high Speed Data Access • Streaming • Video on Demand • Video Telephony – Data Revenue is becoming significant

• Operators World wide have shown inclination to introduce WCDMA

UMTS Architecture HLR

Iu-cs Uu

Iub

NODE B

RNC PSTN

MGW

Iu-ps

Uu

RNC MSC Server

MGW NODE B

Iu-ps

Internet SGSN

Uu

GGSN NODE B

Critical Issues in 3G Deployment •

Seamless migration of existing network



Nature and quantum of license fee



Inter operatability of equipments



Allocation of spectrum



Pricing of spectrum

Lecture 3 Mobile Network Generations.pdf

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