16. sexual reproduction - reproduction requiring 2 parents; traits are
15. asexual reproduction - one parent reproduction method
14. heterozygous - different traits in a genotype (Dd)
recessive (DD, dd)
13. homozygous - same trait in a genotype; can be dominant or
has
12. genotype - combination of alleles showing the traits an organism
11. phenotype - physical expression of a trait
10. allele - the letters assigned to a trait
offspring
9. recessive trait - a trait that might be expressed if inherited by an
offspring
8. dominant trait - a trait that will be expressed if inherited by an
7. mitosis - cell division in body cells
6. chromosomes -contain DNA
5. DNA - contains the genetic instructions in living organisms
4. genes - carry genetic information
3. inherited trait - traits passed from parent to offspring
2. heredity - passing of traits from parents to offspring
Vocabulary 1. genetics - the study of heredity in organisms
Genetics
Sexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
Fill in the chart:
Offspring is identical to the parent; less biodiversity Have to find a mate Mutations can arise
Offspring contains traits from 2 parents, making it more biodiverse
Disadvantages Do not have to find a mate
Advantages
List 5 dominant traits in humans that are likely to be inherited by the offspring. ● Widow’s peak ● Brown eyes/hair/skin ● Right handed ● Tongue rolling ● Dimples
Give an example of a pure recessive genotype (alleles). dd
Give an example of a pure dominant genotype (alleles). DD
Who is Gregor Mendel? The Father of Genetics; a monk who discovered inherited traits in pea plants Why is his work important? He was the first to notice that dominant traits were more likely to be passed on What is the Law of Dominance? If a dominant trait is present in a genotype, it will be expressed in the phenotype.
List the levels of organization for genetic information from most specific to broadest. Genes DNA Chromosomes Cell Nucleus
Be able to solve Punnett Squares and predict the most likely outcome of the offsprings’ traits.
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