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About Telangana State: Telangana is a newly formed 29th state of India on June 2nd 2014. It has an area of 114,840 Square Km (44,340 sq. mi), and a population of 35,286,757 (according to 2011 census), it ranked as 12th largest state in southern region. Mostly the area a part of the Hyderabad Medak and Warangal which was ruled by the nizams during British raj before the year 1947. IN 1956 Andhra state was merged with Telangana region when Hyderabad as the state to form Andhrapradesh. After the success in Telangana movement central government stated 29th state of south India as Telangana. And India consisting of the ten north-western districts of Andhra Pradesh with Hyderabad as its Joint capital for 10 years. It mean Hyderabad will be served as joint capital for both the state for 10 years until 2024. Telangana State is boarded by the Andhra Pradesh to the south and east, state of Maharashtra to the north and north-west, state of Karnataka to the west and state of Chhattisgarh to the north-east. Hyderabad, Warangal, Nizamabad, Karimnagar and Ramagundam are the major cities in Telangana. In the Deccan region, the Kakatiya kingdom (AD 1083-1323) encompassed what is now known as Telangana. After the Kakatiya kingdom was invaded by the Delhi Sultanate, the political autonomy of the region came to an end. In the course of the next two centuries, it became a province of the Bahmani Sultanate between 1347 and 1518. When the hegemony of the Bahmani Sultanate ended, the Telangana region became part of the Golconda Sultanate (1518-1687). With the collapse of Golconda in the face of the invasion of Aurangzeb, the region became a Mughal province. With the dissolution of the Mughal empire formed the Nizamate of Hyderabad. This continued from 1720 till 1950 and during this period the region saw various shifts in status - first as a formal subsidiary to the Mughal emperor but actually to the Maratha empire (the first Nizam paid the Chauth tax to
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WWW.CHECKEXAMRESULTS.NET the Maratha court at Poona), later allied with the French and then with the English East India Company. Eventually, the Nizam acknowledged the British sovereign as Empress of India and, thereby, his overlord. With the India Independence Act of 1947, all the Indian princely states resumed their independence. Accordingly, from August 15, 1947 till September 17, 1948, Hyderabad was an independent state. The independence ended with Indian invasion and annexation. Later, the Nizam had been the Rajpramukh (an administrative title) of the Hyderabad state. The Nizam officiated as Rajpramukh through the first general election of 1952 and finally gave up his nominal role in 1956 when Hyderabad state was dismembered and the Telangana region annexed to the Andhra state. Thereafter, Telangana witnessed two major movements for a separate statehood. Finally, on October 3, 2013, the Union Cabinet approved the formation of a Telangana state. TELANGANA MOVEMENT: Hyderabad: Following is a brief history of Andhra Pradesh and chronology of the movement for Telangana state: *The region, now being called Telangana, was part of the erstwhile Hyderabad state which was merged into the Indian Union on 17 September, 1948. *Central government appointed a civil servant, M K Vellodi, as the first Chief Minister of Hyderabad state on 26 January 1950. In 1952, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was elected Chief Minister of Hyderabad state in the first democratic election. *Andhra was the first state to be carved out (from erstwhile Madras state) on linguistic basis on 1 November, 1953. It had Kurnool town (in Rayalaseema region) as its capital after the death of Potti Sriramulu who sat on a 53-day fastunto-death demanding the new state. * The proposal for amalgamation of Hyderabad state with Andhra state came up in 1953 and the then Chief Minister of Hyderabad state, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao, supported the Congress central leadership‟s decision in this regard though there was opposition in Telangana region.
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WWW.CHECKEXAMRESULTS.NET * Accepting the merger proposal, Andhra assembly passed a resolution on November 25, 1955 promising to safeguard the interests of Telangana. * An agreement was reached between Telangana leaders and Andhra leaders on February 20, 1956 to merge Telangana and Andhra with promises to safeguard Telangana's interests. A “Gentlemen‟s Agreement” was then signed by Bezawada Gopala Reddy and Burgula Ramakrishna Rao to the effect. * Eventually, under the States Re-organisation Act, Telugu-speaking areas of Hyderabad state were merged with Andhra state, giving birth to the state of Andhra Pradesh on 1 November, 1956. * The city of Hyderabad, the then capital of Hyderabad state, was made the capital of Andhra Pradesh state. * In 1969, an agitation began in Telangana region as people protested the failure to implement the Gentlemen‟s Agreement and other safeguards properly. * Marri Channa Reddy launched the Telangana Praja Samiti espousing the cause of a separate state. The agitation intensified and turned violent with students in the forefront of the struggle and about 300 of them were killed in violence and police firing that ensued. * Following several rounds of talks with leaders of the two regions, the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi came up with an eight-point plan on April 12, 1969. Telangana leaders rejected the plan and protests continued under the aegis of Telangana Praja Samiti. * In 1972, Jai Andhra movement started in Andhra-Rayalaseema regions as a counter to Telangana struggle. * On September 21, 1973, a political settlement was reached with the Centre and a 6-point formula put in place to placate people of the two regions. * In 1985, employees from Telangana region cried foul over appointments in government departments and complained about „injustice‟ done to people of the region.
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WWW.CHECKEXAMRESULTS.NET The then Telugu Desam Party government, headed by N T Rama Rao, brought out a Government Order to safeguard the interests of Telangana people in government employment. * Till 1999, there was no demand from any quarters for division of the state on regional lines. * In 1999, Congress demanded creation of Telangana state. Congress was then smarting under crushing defeats in successive elections to the state Assembly and Parliament with the ruling Telugu Desam Party in an unassailable position. * Yet another chapter opened in the struggle for Telangana when Kalvakuntla Chandrasekhar Rao, who was seething over denial of Cabinet berth in the Chandrababu Naidu government, walked out of TDP and launched Telangana Rashtra Samiti on 27 April, 2001. * Following pressure applied by Telangana Congress leaders, the Central Working Committee of Congress in 2001 sent a resolution to the then NDA government seeking constitution of a second States Re-organisation Commission to look into Telangana state demand, which was rejected by the then Union Home Minister L K Advani saying smaller states were “neither viable nor conducive” to integrity of the country. *TRS started gradually building the movement for a separate state. * Congress forged an electoral alliance with TRS by promising to create Telangana state. Congress came to power in 2004, both in the state and at the Centre, and TRS became part of the coalition governments at both places. *** Protesting delay in carving out the separate state, TRS quit the coalition governments in the state and at the Centre in December 2006 and continued an independent fight. * In October 2008, TDP changed its stance and declared support for bifurcation of the state.
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WWW.CHECKEXAMRESULTS.NET * TRS launched an indefinite hunger-strike on 29 November, 2009 demanding creation of Telangana. The Centre budged and came out with an announcement on 9 December, 2009 that it was "initiating the process for formation of Telangana state". * But the Centre announced on 23 December, 2009 that it was putting Telangana issue on hold. This fanned protests across Telangana with some students ending their lives for a separate state. The Centre then constituted a five-member Committee on 3 February, 2010, headed by former judge Srikrishna, to look into statehood demand. The Committee submitted its report to the Centre on 30 December, 2010. * Telagana region witnessed a series of agitations like the Million March, Chalo Assembly and Sakalajanula Samme (general strike) in 2011-12 while MLAs belonging to different parties quit from the House. * With its MPs from Telangana upping the ante, Congress made Union Home Ministry to convene an all-party meeting on December 28, 2012 to find an “amicable solution” to the crisis. Telangana Movement History 1956 to 2014: 1956 Telangana, comprising predominantly Telugu-speaking areas of erstwhile Hyderabad state, merged with the state of Andhra to form Andhra Pradesh (AP) 1969 „Jai Telangana‟ agitation launched for a separate Telangana state 1972 „Jai Andhra‟ movement launched for separate Andhra state 1997 Telangana issue resurfaces with BJP passing a resolution. A year later, the party‟s Lok Sabha poll slogan is „One Vote, Two States‟ 2001 K Chandrasekhar Rao launches Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) for separate Telangana Dec 9, 2009 Then Union Home Minister, P Chidambaram, announces the Centre‟s decision to initiate the process of a Telangana state
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WWW.CHECKEXAMRESULTS.NET Dec 23, 2009 Following en masse resignation of Seemandhra MPs and MLAs, Centre puts the process on hold Feb 3, 2010 Centre sets up five-member Srikrishna committee to look into the issue. Panel submits report in December, suggesting options July 30, 2013 Congress Working Committee passes resolution recommending formation of Telangana state Oct 3, 2013 Union Cabinet approves proposal to bifurcate AP Dec 5, 2013 Union Cabinet approves draft AP Reorganisation Bill, 2013. Bill referred to AP legislature for its views Jan 30, 2014 AP legislature, by voice vote, rejects the Bill Feb 7, 2014 Union Cabinet clears Bill; Lok Sabha passes Bill on Feb 18 March 1, 2014 Bill receives assent of President June 2, 2014 The 29th state of India is born
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