DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL DIFFERENCES
THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH North and South graphs will be parallel, meaning horizontal axes will be on the same line! Title all graphs! Do not write data on graphs!
1. POPULATION: North 5,219,221 10,112,624 19,690,984
1820 1840 1860
South 4,419,232 6,950,729 11,133,361
1820 1840 1860
Type of Graph: Bar Horizontal Axis: By year (1820, 1840, 1860) Vertical Axis: Increments of 2 million people (This means each graph will be 10 boxes tall with boxes labeled 2, 4, 6 etc, and the vertical axes labeled “in millions.”)
2. URBAN/RURAL POPULATION:
*Note: Urban = cities; Rural = farmland/countryside
North 9.4% (Urban) 90.6% (Rural) 13.7% (U) 86.3% (R) 25.6% (U) 74.4% (R)
1820 1840 1860
South 4.6% (Urban) 95.4% (Rural) 6.7% (U) 93.3% (R) 9.6% (U) 90.4% (R)
1820 1840 1860
Type of Graph: 3 Pie Graphs (1 for each year of data - 1820, 1840, 1860) for each region - 6 total - Format your pie graphs vertically down your paper. Label each pie graph by year. - Start from a consistent base line. - Do not write percentages on your graphs! Key: Color code “urban” and “rural” population and include one key for all pie graphs.
3. POPULATION BY RACE: North Total (black + white) 1820 1840 1860
5,219,000 10,112,000 19,678,000
South white
5,087,000 9,881,000 19,338,000
black 132,000 231,000 340,000
Total (black + white) 1820 1840 1860
4,420,000 6,951,000 11,131,000
white
black
2,776,000 4,309,000 7,034,000
1,644,000 2,642,000 4,097,000
Type of Graphs: Stacked Bar *Note: The height of each bar represents TOTAL population (white + black) Divide each bar into 2 blocks – WHITE population on bottom and BLACK population on top. Horizontal Axis: By year (1820, 1840, 1860) Vertical Axis: Increments of 1 million people (This means your graph will be 20 boxes tall with boxes labeled 1, 2, 3 etc, and the vertical axis labeled “in millions.”) Key: Represent white and black population.
4. U.S. RAILROAD MILEAGE:
4. COTTON PRODUCTION/SLAVE LABOR: In 1794, Eli Whitney’s cotton gin had a tremendous effect on cotton production and on the growth of slave labor.
1830: 23 1840: 2,818 1850: 9,021 1860: 30,626 Type of Graph: Line Horizontal Axis: By year (1830, 1840, 1850, 1860) Vertical Axis: Increments of 5000 railroad miles (This means your graph will be 7 boxes tall with boxes labeled 5, 10, 15 etc, and the vertical axis labeled “in thousands.”)
Type of Graph: Line (Using the class handout, notice that the 2 graphs use the same years and the same scale, but illustrate growth of two different things: cotton and slaves. You will be merging the data, drawing the two lines onto one line graph.) Horizontal Axis: By date (see class handout)
Question: Under your graph, write the following, using the map on the class handout to fill in the blank:
Vertical Axis: Increments of 500,000 (This means your graph will be 8 boxes tall, with boxes labeled 500, 1000, 1500 etc, and the vertical axis labeled “in thousands.”)
“According to the map, most of the railroad miles were built in the _____________ (region).”
Key: Use 1 color for “Bales of Cotton” and another for “Slaves” and include a key.
5. MANUFACTURING: # of Factories in South
# of Factories in North 93,911
1850
Wage-Earning Workers in South
Wage-Earning Workers in North 1850
715,202
26,844
1850
1850
154,820
Type of Graph: 2 separate bar graphs (one above the other w/ subtitles) for each region Horizontal Axis (for both graphs): By year (1850)
* Note: Each graph will only have 1 bar!
Vertical Axis for “# of Factories”: Increments of 10,000 (This means each graph will be 10 boxes tall, with boxes labeled 10, 20, 30 etc, and the vertical axis labeled “in thousands.”) Vertical Axis for “Wage-Earning Workers”: Increments of 100,000 (This means your graph will be 8 boxes tall, with boxes labeled 1, 2, 3 etc, and the vertical axis labeled “in hundred-thousands.”)
6. AGRICULTURE: # of Farms in North 1850
943,000
# of Farms in South 1850
Average Acreage per Farm
Average Acreage per Farm 1850
128
569,000
1850
322
Type of Graph: 2 separate bar graphs (one above the other) for each region Horizontal Axis (for both graphs): By year (1850)
*Note: Each graph will only have 1 bar!
Vertical Axis for “# of Farms”: Increments of 100,000 (This means your graph will be 10 boxes tall, with boxes labeled 1, 2, 3 etc, and the vertical axis labeled “in hundred-thousands.”) Vertical Axis for “Average Acreage per Farm”: Increments of 50 (Make your graph 7 boxes tall, w/ boxes labeled 50, 100, 150 etc, and the vertical axis labeled “acres per farm.”)
