BREAKOUT SESSION: Impact of Connected and Automated Vehicles on Traffic Management Systems and Operational Strategies Dan Lukasik, P.E Vice President, Parsons

July, 22, 2015

Overview 

Current advanced TMC and ITS concepts that can take advantage of connected and automated vehicle data. Topic include:  Integrated Corridor Management (ICM)  Active Traffic Management (ATM)  Decision Support Systems (DSS)

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How advanced on-line strategies transportation management strategies can be better served by CV/AV technology and data Enhancements that can be made to such systems using this data (big data)

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Goals:  Identify research needs and implementation issues related to the impact of connected and automated vehicles on ATM, ICM and other TM Strategies  Help with input for a new chapter to be added to the TRB Freeway Operations Research Circular

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ICM Maximizing Modal Investments

1 Main Lanes 2 Express Lanes DAR 3 4 BRT Stations 5 Arterial Network

ICM is about management of a corridor. Management implies more than monitoring. Management implies planning for, and responding to, what is happening across all networks. 3

System Design System Services

TransCAD

TransModeller Off-Line Modeling A-Priori Response Plans Learning/ Feedback

PeMS aPeMS tPeMS

Enhancements to serve as the corridor performance management element of DSS 4

Aimsun Online (Real-Time Simulation and Predictive Analysis)

IMTMS

Delcan/TSS Delcan

Interfacing Systems (Context Diagram)

Background Traffic Assignment

iNet (User Interface, Response Plans)

IMTMS Servers/Communications

ICMS Data Stores (includes Library of apriori plans)

Decision Support System

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AIS

SANDAG

DSS “Solution Cluster” Lifecycle 

Monitor  

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Predict  

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Performance Person Based Delay

Control  

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Response Posture

Evaluate  

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Recurring/Non-Recurring Freeway/Arterial/Transit

Propose  

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Jurisdiction/Mode Normal/Failure

Automatic Requested

…repeat

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DSS “Solution Clusters” Data Integration / Fusion Engine

Business Rules Engine

Corridor Visualization

Real-Time Network Prediction Algorithm

Response Plan Evaluation Engine

Performance Data Warehouse

Automation Workflow Engine

Expert System

Decision Support

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Online Microsimulation Real time raw detection data

Historical O/D matrix data base

Historical traffic pattern data base

Detection data filtering and processing

Filtered detection pattern

O/D Matcher Pattern recognition module

Quality Indicators

Quality Manager module

Selected O/D matrix

• Rules-Based DSS Aimsun Micro/Meso

Forecast traffic data

Best strategy selection

Parallel Simulations

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Real time event detection

• Available Assets • Current and predicted traffic conditions

Aimsun Online

Real time control plan data

What is the best strategy to respond based on:

Traffic management strategies

Traffic Management Operations

• On-line Micro simulation Analysis

I-80 ICM (SF Bay Area)

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20 Miles

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300,000 vehicles per day

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20,000 vehicle-hours of delay/day

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LOS C to F

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Highly Variable speeds

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> 2,000 incidents annually

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Deploy ATM and ICM strategies that will:  Create a Well Balance System  Maintain Optimal Operational Viability  Proactively Avoid Flow Breakdown  Detect and Respond to Congestion Events Faster  Improve Safety  Manage Congested Flow When it Does Occur  Promote Transit Ridership and Mode Shifts  Clear Local Arterials from Diversion

Active Traffic Management

I-80 ATM Strategies Dynamic Lane Management

Active Rerouting (Trailblazers)

Variable Speed Advisory Signs

Real-time Signal Adjustments (flushing)

Adaptive Ramp Metering

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Other ICM Strategies

I-80 ICM Strategies

Transit Signal Priority

511 Information Dissemination

Mode/Route Shift Choice Advisories

Expanded Traffic Signal Coordination

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I-80 ICM Project Architecture

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Where can CV-AV Help? (1) 

Improved Dynamic Routing  Learning which vehicles re-route and to where?  Enable multiple alternate re-routing  Enable routing without signage  Transit routing Research: How can AV-CV enhance passive and dynamic routing for ICM Applications and to what extent?

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Missing Data/Unreliable Communications  Key issue: bad detectors, bad sensors, not enough Detection, unreliable C2F Communications  Cannot effectively perform Adaptive ramp metering, signal control, variable speed limits calculations, travel time estimates Research: At what point can CV-AV data effectively replace traditional detection technologies? Research: Can CV Communication help with C2F communication reliability issues? 12

Where can CV-AV Help? (2) 

Improved Prediction and Modeling  Used to evaluate response plans  Used to determine congestion events and event queue lengths Research: How can CV data improve on-line prediction, on line microsimulation and how it is used?

Percent Reduction in Person Delay

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Where can CV-AV Help? (3) 

Algorithm Improvements    

Variable Speed Limits/Advisory Signs Adaptive Ramp metering Response Plan/DSS logic Automatic incident and congestion detection

Research: What is the most effective way to marry infrastructure-based ATM/ICM responses with mobile-based ones. Research: What adjustments can and should be made to the ICM and ATM system algorithms using CV-AV Systems and data? Research: How quickly and accurately can incident detection, incident details and queue lengths be determined using CV-AV data? Research: What type of penetration is needed to improve these algorithms?

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Where can CV-AV Help? (4) 

Computing Power  Prediction and online simulation are very CPU and memory intensive  Can slow response times to have more effective decisions in realtime Research: What type of computing power is needed to crunch the large volume of additional CV-AV data that can improve ICM and ATM systems? Research: What type of data tools, mining and marshalling is required? Research: What are the performance guidelines for real-time applications that use AV-CV data, e.g. how quickly must real-time data be processed? Research: Where should this big data processing take place?

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Where can CV-AV Help? (5) 

Cybersecurity  ICM requires connection with many agency systems,  Web-based applications/technologies are being deployed  CV-AV will extends communication to/from vehicles

Research: What are the addition cybersecurity concerns, risks and mitigations with using CV-AV for ICM and ATM applications? 

Other needs  What changes are needed in operations process, procedures, skill levels and institutional policy

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Thank You Dan Lukasik, P.E. Vice President Parsons [email protected] 714-562-5725