www.lifesciencemadam.com Ranjana Kaushik CSIR UGC NET Life Science Free Notes

EASY NOTES CSIR UGC NET LIFE SCIENCE ABOUT CELL BIOLOGY CAPSULE 3 Hello friends, Now I come with a new capsule of cell biology. This capsule contains all important points about cell organs. Read it and give your reviews to my site www.lifescience madam.com So now I starting the points of this capsule 1. Mitochondria have two important enzymes in outer membrane. These are(A) Monoamine oxidase(serva as enzyme marker) (B) Royenone- insensitive NADH-cytochrome-Creductase kynurenine hydroxylate Fatty acid CoA ligase. 2. The mitochondrial protein synthesis is inhibited by chloramphenicol, while synthesis in the cytosol is not affected by this drug. In contrast cycloheximide has the reverse effect. 3. Ineukaryotic plants photosynthesis occurs in chloroplast in the presence of sunlight.Photochemical reactions(light reactions) of photosynthesis occur on www.lifesciencemadam.com Ranjana Kaushik CSIR UGC NET Life Science Free Notes Page 1

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thylakoid membrane of the grana, whereas the biochemical reactions( dark reactions) occur in the stroma. The muscle cells are rich in smooth type of embolismic reticulum and it’s known as sarcoplasmic reticulum. Glycogenesis occurs in the glycosomes. The enzyme UDPG-glycogen transferase which is directly involved in the synthesis of glycogen by addition of uridine diphosphate glucose to primer glycogen is bound to the glycogen particals. Lysosomes demonstate the property of metachromasoa with toluidine blue and give a positive acid Schiff reaction.Metachromasia is the property exhibited by certain pure dye of colouring certain tissue elements in a different colour. Glyoxysomes- These microbodies of fat storing cells in the germinating oilseeds contain enzymes of the Glyoxalate cycle. They also contain several essential enzymes of Krebs cycle. Beta-oxidation of fatty acids produces acetyl CoA which these glyoxysomes converts into succinic acid, which in turn, by a reversed glycolytic pathway produces glucose. Each ribosome consists of two unequal subunits, large dome shaped and smaller ovoild. The large subunit has a protuberance, a ridge and a stalk.The smaller subunit

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possesses a platform,cleft,head and base.Mg2+ is required for binding the two subunits. 10. Quinolones inhibit bacterial growth by targeting DNA Replication. 11. Asymmetry of biological membranes is regulated by Flippase. 12. Na+-K+ ATPase exchanges Na+ and K+ across cell membrane. The enzyme is a tetramer and consumes one ATP molecule in every cycle. 13.Cyclic adenosine monophosphate regulates the lactose operon by combining with the catabolite activator protein to form a complex that enhances transcription upon binding to the promoter. 14. The linker region joining the two nucleosome particles is about 40 to 60 base pairs long. It containshistoneH1 15. Feulgen staining for DNA is based on the reaction of Schiff’s reagent with free aldehyde groups. 16. Isochromosomes are formed by transverse division of centromere. 17. Bar eye, a dominant character in Drosophila is due to the duplication of a chromosomal segment. 18.Cell recognition is due to carbohydrate protein of glycoprotein. www.lifesciencemadam.com Ranjana Kaushik CSIR UGC NET Life Science Free Notes Page 3

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19. Before cell division the entire DNA content of the cell gets doubled during interphase. This doubling take place somewhere during the middle of the interphase. 20. Copper containing blue protein found in the chloroplast is the plastocynin. 21. In mitochondria cristae acts as site of oxidation reduction reaction. 22. Genetic recombination takes place during prophase of meiotic division I 23.The mitosis promoting factor(MPF), which propels an animal cell into division stage, has two essential sub unitsone is catalytic and other is regulatory. 24. The ‘sliding filament model’ is related to interaction between thick and thin filaments during muscle contraction. 25. The function of nucleolus in the cell is synthesis of RNA and ribosomes.

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