Name_______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________

Skills Worksheet

Name_______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________

Directed Reading continued

Directed Reading

12. List three ores that form within cooling magma. _______________________________________________________________

Section: Mineral Resources 1. How much time is usually required for useful mineral resources to form in Earth’s crust? _______________________________________________________________ 2. List three examples of metals. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 3. List two examples of nonmetals. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 13. What happens to dense metallic minerals as magma cools? _______________________________________________________________ 14. The process that occurs when magma comes into contact with existing rock is ______________________. 15. Heat and chemical reactions with hot fluids from magma sometimes change the surrounding rock and form ______________________. 16. Hot fluids that can move through small cracks in rock are ______________________. 17. Narrow zones of rock formed when minerals precipitate from a hydrothermal

ORES

4. List three examples of minerals that can be native elements.

solution are called ______________________.

_______________________________________________________________

18. An ore deposit that forms from many thick mineral veins in a small region is

_______________________________________________________________

called a(n) ______________________. 19. List four valuable heavy minerals that are commonly found in veins.

_______________________________________________________________ 5. How many elements do most minerals in Earth’s crust contain?

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase.

_______________________________________________________________ 20. What happens first when movement of water helps form ore deposits?

_____ 6. cinnabar _____ 7. native element _____ 8. bauxite _____ 9. ore _____ 10. magnetite _____ 11. compound

a. metallic mineral that can exist in Earth’s crust as a nugget of pure metal b. substance consisting of two or more elements c. mineral deposit from which mineral resources can be removed profitably d. ore from which mercury can be removed e. ore from which aluminum can be removed f. ore from which iron can be removed

_______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 21. What causes streams to stop carrying dense metals? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

Original content Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.

Original content Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.

Holt McDougal Earth Science

Holt McDougal Earth Science

7

Resources and Energy

8

Resources and Energy

Name_______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________

Directed Reading continued

Name_______________________________ Class __________________ Date __________________

Directed Reading continued

22. Because of the mechanical action of the stream, fragments become concentrated at the bottom of stream beds in ______________________. USES OF MINERAL RESOURCES

_____ 29. Special equipment is used to measure and identify patterns in a. organic materials, rock samples, and economic recovery. b. placer deposits, streambeds, and veins. c. native elements, compounds, and ore deposits. d. magnetism, gravity, radioactivity, and rock color. _____ 30. Subsurface mining techniques are used for mineral deposits a. close to Earth’s surface. b. in the oceans. c. in stream beds. d. below Earth’s surface.

_____ 23. An example of a metal valued for its beauty is a. gypsum. b. calcite. c. platinum. d. sulfur. _____ 24. Sources of valuable minerals and elements such as gold are a. nonmetallic minerals. b. gemstones. c. metallic ores. d. calcite and gypsum. _____ 25. Gemstones are a. valuable metallic ores. b. rare nonmetallic minerals. c. metals such as gold and platinum. d. common nonmetallic ores.

_____ 31. When overlying rock material is stripped away to reveal mineral deposits, the deposits may be mined using a. subsurface mining methods. b. nodule mining methods. c. surface mining methods. d. placer mining methods. _____ 32. Minerals in placer deposits are mined a. in open pits. b. by dredging. c. on the deep-ocean floor. d. deep underground.

_____ 26. A mineral often used as a building material is a. quartz. b. graphite. c. platinum. d. calcite.

_____ 33. A nodule would be found a. in a subsurface mine. b. on the deep-ocean floor. c. in a river or stream. d. in an open-pit mine.

MINERAL EXPLORATION AND MINING

_____ 27. In order to be considered for mining, an area must have a. much higher concentration of minerals than is found elsewhere. b. large gold and silver deposits. c. gemstones. d. radioactivity.

_____ 34. Undersea mining is not practical because a. there are no valuable minerals in the ocean. b. nodules cannot be recovered. c. minerals cannot be removed from nodules. d. it is difficult and expensive.

_____ 28. During mineral exploration, people search for mineral deposits by a. tracking weather patterns. b. studying local geology. c. avoiding earthquake zones. d. searching only for metallic ores.

Original content Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.

Original content Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.

Holt McDougal Earth Science

Holt McDougal Earth Science

9

Resources and Energy

10

Resources and Energy