Pioneer Adobe Homes on the Memorial Building and Legacy Center Blocks1 in Lehi, Utah

Wayne E. Clark2 , 2016 Historian Richard Van Wagoner3 calls Johannes Beck (1843-1913), better known in Lehi as John Beck, Lehi's wealthiest man. A distinguished home standing in renovated condition today at 791 North, 100 East the northern Utah County town is known from all accounts to have been his home. Not so well known, or perhaps not known at all, was an adobe home in Lehi on the block on which the Lehi Memorial Building now stands. Lehi census records for 1870 and for 1880 place John Beck and his family in this Memorial Building block home. The Becks may well have lived just off State Street, in the home on First East Street, but that’s not indicated in available census records.

The photograph of the Memorial Building and Legacy Center blocks is from the Lehi Historical Society and Archives. 1

2

Additions or corrections welcome. [email protected]

3

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 223.

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The History of John Beck4 says the Becks arrived in Great Salt Lake City from Aichelberg, Wurtemberg, Germany, in 1864 then settled not long afterward in Lehi. The History says that about the year 1890 the millionaire took up permanent residence in Salt Lake City. By then he had become to prosperous in mining5 and other ventures, including enterprises at the Saratoga Hot Springs6 . But before all of that, at least in the census years 1870 and 1880, the Beck’s were in an adobe home where the Lehi Carnegie Library would later come to stand later on the Southwest corner of the intersection of First North Street and Center Street. The library building is still in place, on the Northeast corner of Block 40 in Lehi7. Utah County property records8 show that John Beck received the Mayor’s Deed for the property on which the building stands, all of Lot 6 on Block 40 in Lehi, on 9 February, 18719. The 1870 and 1880 census records don't specifically identify the location of the Beck’s home, or those of their neighbors, but comparison of the neighbors in both censuses, clearly place the Becks on the Northeast corner of Block 40. They don't appear to have been anywhere near the First East Street residence in either 1870 or 1880. I didn't begin this study with John Beck and his homes in Lehi in mind. I’m the son of Asa Elden Clark (1911-1982). His pioneer ancestor, my second great grandfather, William Clark (1825-1910), came to Lehi in 1853. My original goal was to locate William Clark’s home in Lehi. I found it on Block 40, the Memorial Building Block, not far from the home of the adobe home of John Beck there. Nearby I found another adobe home that my great grandfather, William Wheeler Clark (1855-1934), occupied early in his married life. I’m satisfied that the Memorial Building block home he and his wife, The History of John Beck (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/12401707? returnLabel=Johannes%20John%20Beck%20(KWVQGF5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWVQ-GF5%26section%3Dmemories 4

See The Bullion, Beck, and Champion Mining Company and the Redemption of Zion, by R. Jean Addams, The Journal of Mormon History, 40(2), 2014, pp. 159-234, (2016). Digitalcommons.usu.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/ viewcontent.cgi?article=1080&context=mormonhistory. 5

Saratoga Hot Springs and Amusement Park - Lehi, Utah USA - Defunct Amusement Parks on Waymarking.com . (2016). Waymarking.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// www.waymarking.com/waymarks/ WMBRDQ_Saratoga_Hot_Springs_Amusement_Park_Lehi_Utah_USA 6

The library was and remains attached to the North end of the Memorial Building. Today it’s the “Mineral Room” of the Lehi Hutchings Museum that occupies the Memorial Building. 7

8

Utah County Office of Land Records, 100 East Center Street, Suite 1300, Provo, Utah 84606

Block 40, line 6. William H. Winn to John Beck, MD 2/9/71. Lot Six (6) in Block forty (40) Plat A. Area 60/100 Acres. 9

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Polly Melissa Willes (1856-1887), occupied for a few years after they were married was the birthplace of my grandfather, Asa Jones Clark (1882-1966)10. My grandfather’s birthplace was an adobe home that stood between William Clark’s home and John Beck’s home on the Memorial Building block. It straddled a lot owned by Willam Clark and an adjacent lot owned by John Beck. Examination of the transactions that appear to have resolved the issue of ownership of the home led to my interest in the home of John Beck. That in turn led to a compulsive drive to determine the occupants of all of the homes on the Memorial Building Block, Block 40. The report that William Clark had a plural wife who's home was on the site of the Lehi Grammar School demanded a broadened investigation of the adjacent Lehi Legacy Center block, Block 49. The following heads of household were found to have lived on the Lehi Memorial Building and Lehi Legacy Center blocks prior to their transformation from the scene of residences and farmsteads to public facilities which was completed with the establishment of the Lehi High School/Junior High School athletic field in 1930. Isaac Harvey Allred (1850-1923) Paulinus Harvey Allred (1829-1900) Charles Barnes Jr. (1827-1911) Johannes Beck (1843-1913) Johann Georg Beck (1848-1933) Johann Gottlieb Beck (1836-1920) Thomas Biesinger (1844-1931) Margaret Boardman (1840-1894) Larsina Birgitte Christensen (1821-1901) [widow of Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895)] James Clark (1875-1939) William Clark (1825-1910) William Wheeler Clark (1855-1934) John Floyd Comer (1892-1943) Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895) John Gurney (1801-1888) William Gurney (1834-1905) William Francis Gurney (1859-1942) Carolina Hertkorn (1826-1904) [widow of Thomas Biesinger (1844-1931)] Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908) Sarah Hughes (1845-1897) Peter McIntyre (1790-1872) Karen Maren Nielson (1841-Deceased) [widow of Leonard Samuel Pickel (1806-1881) and mother of Johannah Fagerstrom (1871-1960), aka, Hannah Pickle] Anders Peterson (1808-1875) See my own William Clark (1825-1910), his Family, and his Pioneer Adobe Home in Lehi, Utah. 10

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Johannes Peterson (1848-1928) Orrin Porter Rockwell (1813-1878) James Edgar Ross (1867-1942) Samuel Joseph Taylor (1862-1921) Hyrum Timothy (1863-1944) Before 1930, Block 40 was bounded on the North by First North Street, on the East by Center Street, on the South by Main Street, and on the West by First West Street. In 1930, First North Street was closed and Block 40 was joined to Block 49 to the north to create the two-block entity in the civic and cultural center of Lehi. The Lehi Legacy Center now stands on the Northwestern portion of an expanded Block 49. Previously that important community center had been occupied the Lehi Primary School, built in 190511, and the Lehi Grammar School, built in 1910 12. Pioneer adobe homes that had previously occupied the block had all been removed by then. The Memorial Building, completed in 192113, occupies the Northeastern portion of Block 40. A large parking lot occupies the Western portion of the block that was occupied by the Lehi High School/Junior High School athletic field after 1930. The Southern portion of Block is today occupied by a major portion of the Lehi downtown business district. The pioneer adobe homes that had previously occupied the two blocks are gone and would be forgotten had not their memories been preserved in family history narratives, census records, Utah County property records, as well as one additional very important source of information. That source is the collection of maps of Blocks 40 and 49, as well as most of the other blocks in Lehi, called Sanborn

History of the Lehi School District Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/ HistoryoftheLehiSchoolDistrictprint.pdf 11

History of the Lehi School District Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/ HistoryoftheLehiSchoolDistrictprint.pdf 12

Lehi Memorial Building Hutchings Museum of Natural History, Retrieved 6 June 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/LehiMemorialBuilding.pdf 13

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 40, 1890. The pioneer adobe homes of William Clark (1825-1910) (at Position 23) and Johannes Beck (1843-1913) (at position 6) and others are depicted.

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 40, 1898. The pioneer adobe homes of William Clark (1825-1910) (at Position 23) and Johannes Beck (1843-1913) (at position 6) and others are depicted.

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Portion of map of Lehi, Utah, prepared under Richard R. Lyman, dated December, 1911, displaying layout of Blocks 40 and 49. The red lines indicate the position of the fort wall built in 1854 but entirely removed before 1911. The northern portion of the wall extended along the southern First North Street and along the western edge of Center Street. There was a gate at Main Street. The blocks enclosed by the wall, including Block 40, were divided into 8 building lots. The blocks outside the wall, including Block 49, were divided into 4 building lots. Fire Insurance Maps14 . Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps of Block 40 in Lehi are available for the years 1890, 1898, 1907 and 1922. A relatively large adobe home is depicted on Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps (2014). Total Geospatial Solutions. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.sanborn.com/sanborn-fire-insurance-maps/. These are an invaluable graphic source of information about Lehi as it appeared in the past. These provide a Google Maps-like view of the city as it appeared in 1890, 1898, 1907, 1922 and 1907, 1922 and 1934. The earliest Sanborn maps consulted are accessible through the Digital Library, Digital Library - Marriott Library - The University of Utah. (2016). Lib.utah.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// www.lib.utah.edu/collections/digital-library.php, of the University of Utah J. Willard Marriott Library, Home - Marriott Library - The University of Utah. (2016). Lib.utah.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lib.utah.edu/index (Lehi Maps 1-9, 1890, 1898, 1907, Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps. (2016). Content.lib.utah.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/search/collection/sanborn-jp2/searchterm/Lehi/field/all/mode/all/conn/ and/page/1/order/title/ad/asc). A bound set of Sanborn maps of Lehi is preserved at the Hutchings Museum in Lehi. Photocopies of these are preserved in the collections of the Lehi City Historical Archives. Lehi Historical Society and Archives, Lehi Historical Society and Archives Lehi City. (2016). Lehi City. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/community/archives/. 14

Inside the front cover of the Hutchings Museum set is a stamped statement dated 1934 and signed by S. I. Goodwin and T. F. Kirkham. All of these are stamped “1922” but in many places they have pieces of transparent or translucent velum glued over various sections. They indicate the positions structures known by Goodwin and Kirkham to have been removed after 1922. That probably explains why 1934 was the date written on the Archives photocopies. The “1934 editions” were simply hand alterations of the 1922 maps. Since there were no street addresses at the time of the 1890, 1898 and 1907 maps, the numbers around the edges of blocks provide what I call a “Sanborn address” for each dwelling. The numbers on the edges of the 1922 maps presumably represent the actual house numbers.

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Portion of map of Lehi, Utah, prepared under Richard R. Lyman, dated December, 1911, displaying layout of numbered blocks. Red lines mark the position of the fort wall built in 1854 but entirely removed before 1911. the Northeast corner of Block 40 at Position 6. That was on Lot 6, the building lot John Beck acquired title for in 1871. The home appears to have faced Center Street. Street addresses and house numbers weren't indicated on the Sanborn maps, but the address of the Position 6 adobe home would probably have had a house number around 83 North Center Street. It was north of the present entrance of the Lehi City Hutchings Museum at 55 North Center Street. The Position 6 home is not depicted on the 1922 Sanborn map of Block 40. A large complex labelled “Memorial Hall” is depicted on the Northeast quadrant of the block on that map. The attached northern component of the complex is labelled “Public Library.” That was the Lehi Carnegie Library. The library had replaced the Position 6 adobe home of John Beck in his family. According to Hamilton Gardner15 and Richard Van Wagoner16, sixty log cabins were brought from various early loci of settlement in the Lehi area to the central fort for security in 1853. The following year, 1854, the blocks and streets were laid out and surrounded by a 12-foot-high mud fort wall. Van Wagoner17 provides a diagram of the layout of the blocks and the wall in Lehi. These followed the pattern described by Brenda Case Sheer 18 for Great Salt Lake City, except that the Lehi blocks were decidedly smaller. Each block was initially subdivided into 8 equal lots, with equality being a central concern of the church. Self-sufficiency was a motivation in the size and layout of the blocks. Vegetable gardens and fruit trees were established on the lots in the early years, but barns and animal holding areas were discouraged in town. The lots were intended to contain a single house set back a uniform distance of 20 feet from the street. Early regulations also called for shade trees to be planted along the frontage of the building lots. Some pioneers moved log cabins from a fort that had been established a few years earlier at Sulphur (or Snow's Springs) onto one of the new city lots while others started Hamilton Gardner, 1913, History of Lehi, Including a Biographical Section, Full text of "History of Lehi, including a biographical section..". (2016). Archive.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://archive.org/stream/historyoflehiinc00gardrich/historyoflehiinc00gardrich_djvu.txt, p. 67. 15

16

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 5.

17

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 399.

The Mormon Grid: Zion in the Desert, (2016). Content.lib.utah.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://content.lib.utah.edu/utils/getfile/collection/uspace/id/3215/filename/2052.pdf 18

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 40, 1907. The pioneer adobe homes of William Clark (1825-1910) (at Position 23) and Johannes Beck (1843-1913) (at position 6) and others are depicted. new adobe homes. These were made of clay sediment formed at the bottom of historic Lake Bonneville. Various mud walls also surrounded the original tithing office, the Big Field, and other enclosures.

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 40, 1922, modified by Lehi City officials to reflect conditions in 1934. At first four-by-six-by twelve-inch “dobies”19 were made on site. These sold for $4 to $8 per thousand20, well beyond the means of some who built cellar-like dugouts with willow and mud roofs or mud houses in the same fashion as the fort wall had been built. Van

Making Adobe Bricks. (2016). Desertphile.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// desertphile.org/adobe/brick.htm 19

20

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 6 11 of 78

Wagoner21 cites Englishman Sir Richard Burton who travelled through Lehi in the early 1860s and described the town with its multitude of small log, mud, and adobe buildings intertwined with gardens as a “rough miniature of G[reat] S. L. City, in which the only decent house was the bishop’s.” Any existing records that might have specified how ownership of land in Lehi was determined in the early days of settlement are unknown to me, but two early pioneers left accounts that relate to the matter. James Whitehead Taylor (1819-1891) says he built the first house on a city lot after it was laid off as a city22. He says he “drawed” the lot on which it was built. Canute Peterson (1824-1902)23 suggest a more formal process. He say Bishop David Evans (1804-1883) “alloted” to him 20 acres of plow land and 5 acres of grass land on which he commenced plowing and sowing and making ditches and fences. Van Wagoner24 explains how of the currently available records of land ownership in the Utah Territory came about. During the 1867-69 administration of Mayor Israel Evans, all land in the surveyed Lehi township was registered with the Federal Land Office. This allowed Lehi land owners to obtain deeds to their property for the first time. Mayor’s deeds were first issued on Lehi lots during the administration of Mayor William H. Winn in 1869-75.

Officially recognized property limits recognized by the government of the United States of America began with those Mayor’s deeds. Records of their issuance are preserved in the Recorder’s Office, Utah County Office of Land Records25 . The abstract book for Block 40 in Lehi shows that seven individuals received Mayor’s deeds to property on Block 40 in January and February, 187126.

21

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 11

James Whitehead Taylor by Anne Chambers (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/8788342? returnLabel=James%20Whitehead%20Taylor%20(KWJBNKB)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWJB-NKB%26section%3Dmemories 22

Story of the Llife of Canute Peterson, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-303-42264-253-95/dist.pdf? ctx=ArtCtxPublic&session=USYS1F5B66BE55DF7C049094BF542FC088D2_idsesprod03.a.fsglobal.net 23

24

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, pp. 10-11.

25

Utah County Office of Land Records, 100 E Center Street, Suite 1300, Provo, Utah 84606

26

Block 40, lines 1-7

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Paulinus H. Allred, W1/2 of lot 2, all of lot 3 (Block 40, line 7) George Beck, N1/2 of lot 8 (Block 40, line 4) John Beck, all of lot 6 (Block 40, line 6) William Clark, all of lots 4, 5 and 7 (Block 40, line 1) Marcus Erickson, S1/2 of lot 8 (Block 40, line 3) Jens Holm, E1/2 of lot 2 (Block 40, line 5) Anders Peterson, all of lot 1 (Block 40, line 3) The eight building lots on Block 40 were assigned to the seven individuals as follows. Lot 1 (all) Anders Peterson (Block 40, line 3) Lot 2 (E1/2) Jens Holm (Block 40, line 5) Lot 2 (W1/2) Paulinus Allred (Block 40, line 7) Lot 3 (all) Paulinus Allred (Block 40, line 7) Lot 4 (all) William Clark (Block 40, line 1) Lot 5 (all) William Clark (Block 40, line 1) Lot 6 (all) John Beck (Block 40, line 6) Lot 7 (all) William Clark (Block 40, line 1) Lot 8 (N1/2) George Beck (Block 40, line 4) Lot 8 (S1/2) Marcus Erickson (Block 40, line 2) A Map of Lehi City, Utah County, Utah27, shows the layout of the lots on the blocks. The sixteen blocks inside the fort, including Block 40, were laid out in eight equal-sized lots numbered 1-8, beginning with lot 1 on the Southeast corner of the block and proceeding clockwise around the block. The long sides of lots 1 and 2 extended from east to west along Main Street, the short sides of the rectangular blocks 2-5 were arranged sequentially along First West Street, the long sides of 5 and 6 along First North Street, and the short sides of 6-8 followed sequentially southward along Center Street with lot 8 adjacent to and immediately north of lot 1. The blocks outside the fort, including Block 49, were laid out later in 4 equal-sized lots, numbered 1-4 beginning with the lot on the Southeast corner and proceeding clockwise around the block. The 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps of Block 40 depict eight structures identified as dwellings. All of them are designated as being of adobe construction. Most or perhaps all of the buildings on these maps were probably in place in 1871 and probably closely approximate conditions that prevailed on the block at the time the Mayor’s deeds were issued. Since there were no street addresses at the time, the numbers around the edges of blocks on the Sanborn maps provides what I call a “Sanborn address” for each dwelling. Some of the Sanborn map numbers on the 1922 map represent house numbers.

Prepared under Richard R. Lyman, dated December, 1911, obtained from the Utah County Office of Land Records, 100 East Center Street, Suite 1300, Provo, Utah 84606 27

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William Clark (1825-1910) and his wife, Jane Stevenson (1820-1895), were in the Block 40, Position 23 adobe home on First West Street in the 1880, 1870, and 1880 Censuses. The home was removed when the Lehi High School/ Junior High School athletic field was installed in 1930 site of the home is now part of the Legacy Center parking lot. The property records cited above, as well as census records and family history narratives, indicate that the following individuals were in Block 40 dwellings at the specified Sanborn addresses. The dwellings were replaced by the facilities indicated.

Position 3, First North, Gottlieb Beck, William Wheeler Clark, James Edgar Ross, Hyrum Timothy, John Comer, athletic field Position 6, Center Street, John Beck, Carnegie Library Position 8, Center Street, Leonard and Karren Mary Pickel, Memorial Building Position 9, Center Street, George Beck, John Gurney, Charles Gurney Position 10, Center Street, Marcus Erickson, driveway between Memorial Building and Main Street businesses Position 14, Main Street, Anders Peterson, Main Street businesses Position 16, Main Street, Jens Holm, Johannes Peterson, Main Street businesses Position 18/19, First West, Paulinus Allred, Isaac Allred, Merrihew Building Position 21, First West, Southworth Building, athletic field, Legacy Center parking lot Position 23, First West, William Clark, athletic field, Legacy Center parking lot Block 40, Position 23 Adobe Home: William Clark The Block 40, Position 23 adobe home stood north of the middle of block on First West Street. It was the pioneer adobe home of William Clark. In 1929 the property passed to the Alpine School District and became part of the Lehi High School/Junior High School athletic field. The site is now part of the parking lot serving the Lehi Legacy Center. Numbering of the eight building blocks on Block 40 begin with Lot 1 on the Southeast corner of the block and continue clockwise around the block to Lot 8 just North of Block 1. The Sanborn Fire Insurance maps system of numbering, on the other hand, begins on First North Street on the northwest corner of the block and continues clockwise 14 of 78

The pioneer adobe home of William Clark (1825-1910) stood on First West Street at a site that would come to be designated 66 North, 100 West in Lehi. It’s depicted at Position 23 on the Sanborn maps. It was removed in 1930 to make way for the Lehi High School/ Junior High School athletic field. The parking lot south of the Lehi Legacy Center now covers the site. around the block to the corner on First West Street. There are no dwellings at positions 1 and 2. The first building is at position 3. The last position with a dwelling is the Position 23 adobe dwelling on First West Street. There’s nothing at position 24. Since I began this study with the Position 23 home, everything else followed from my consideration of that adobe dwelling. Thus I begin there, rather than at the Sanborn Position 1 and rather than the Lehi City system at Lot 1. We begin on First West Street, about two-thirds of the way from Main Street to First North. The Block 40, Position 23 adobe dwelling was the pioneer adobe home of English Mormon immigrant William Clark (1825-1910). The home is depicted north of the middle of the block on First West Street on the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps. It's at position 66 on the 1922 map. In 1929 the property on which it stood was sold to the Alpine School District. The following year the home was removed to make way for the new Lehi High School/Junior High School athletic field. It’s now part of a parking lot serving the Lehi Legacy Center. The home itself was on Lot 4, but William Clark received the Mayor’s deed for all of Lots 4 and 5, as well as for all of Lot 7 on Block 40 15 of 78

on 22 January 187128. Together Lots 4 and 5 constitute the entire northwest quarter of the block. Lot 7 extends east of Lot 4 to Center Street, south of Lot 6 on which the Position 6 adobe home of John Beck stood on the Northeast corner of Block 40. In addition to the home itself, several associated wood frame structures and one small adobe structure, are shown on the earlier maps. One or more of those frame structures might have accommodated William Clark’s pigs. His granddaughter Juliette Evans (1887-1980) talks about his pigs29. He and grandma went away and the girls went and cleaned the house and they always put new straw each year into their ticks and they were nice and they dumped it in the pig pen and that's where he had his money safe. So it was quite a job to get in and get that money out of that pen after the pigs were in it, and then he didn't appreciate it I guess. Thirty-five-year-old William Clark was in the Block 40, Position 23 home with 39-yearold Jane Stevenson Ross Clark, 20-year-old John Edgar Ross, 19-year-old Stephen Weeks Ross, 17-year-old Sarah Elizabeth Ross, 7-year-old Emily Jane Clark, 5-year-old William Wheeler Clark, 3-year-old Martha Geneva Clark and 1-year-old Mary Ann Clark in dwelling 3426 in Lehi in the 1860 Census. William is designated “farmer” in the census. He owned real estate valued at $300, with personal estate valued at $400. These are not the highest values across several pages of the census 30, but they are higher than most and seem appropriate for a farmer in a relatively substantial adobe home. Four of the seven children had attended school within the year. Block 40, line 1. Be it known to these Presents that I Wm. H. Winn Mayor of the City of Lehi Utah County Utah Territory by virtue of the Trust invested in me by an Act of the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Utah. Approved February 17, 1869 entitled an Act prescribing Rules and Regulations for the execution of the Trust, arising under an Act of Congress, entitled An Act for the Relief of the Inhabitants of Cities and Towns upon the Public Lands, Approved March 2nd 1860, and in consideration of the sum of Twenty One and 60/100 Dollars paid by William Clark of Lehi City County of Utah, Territory of Utah the receipt whereof is herby acknowledged, the said William Clark having been adjudged by the Probate Court of Utah County, Territory aforesaid to be the rightful owner and possessor of the following described parcels of land, viz, commencing at S.W. corner of S.E. 1/4 Section 18 T.5.S R.1.E. thence S 20 Rods 12 ft thence E 18 Rods thence S 80 Rods thence W 18 Rods thence N 59 Rods 4 1/2 ft Area 9 Acres. — Also lots 4, 5 & 7 in Block 40 Plat A Area 1, 20/160 acres — Also lot 2 and S 1/2 of Lot 3 in Block 49 Area 1, 20/160 Acres. Situate in Section 17, Township 5 S Range 1.E. do by these presents grant and convey unto the said William Clark his heirs and assigned forever the foregoing described Land with all the rights privileges and appurtenants Thereunto belonging of appertaining In Which Whereof I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the seal of Lehi City at my office in Lehi City Utah County Utah Territory this Twenty Seventh day of January A.D. 1871. 28

William Clark (1825-1910) and His Family, (2016). Dkwilde.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://dkwilde.com/Genealogy/Clark/William_Clark.pdf 29

30

That honor goes to lawyer Morris Phelps with real estate valued at $3,000 and

personal estate of $1,000 on the few pages examined 16 of 78

Ten years later, 45-year-old William and 48-year-old Jane were with their children, 17year-old Emily Jane, 15-year-old William Wheeler, 14-year-old Martha Geneva, 11-yearold Mary Ann, 9-year-old Hannah Marie, 6-year-old Juliet and 4-year-old Rosella in dwelling 17 in the 1870 Census. There’s no reason to believe that they were not still in the Position 23 home. William, once again listed as a farmer, owned $800 in real estate and $700 in personal estate. Three of the seven children had attended school within the year. No family member was marked as being unable to read, but Mary Ann was designated “cannot write.” Fifty-six-year-old William, 59-year-old Jane, 18-year-old Hannah Marie, 17-year-old Juliet, 14-year-old Rosilla, and 7-year-old Sevilla Jane were in dwelling 20 in the 1880 Census. The must still have been in the Position 23 adobe dwelling. As in 1870, William is designated a farmer, but values of real and personal estate are not part of the 1880 census. The four children in the home had all attended school within the census year. According to Richard Van Wagoner31, Jane Stevenson Ross Clark was with William in the pioneer adobe home on the future site of the athletic field when she died on 21 September, 1895. Seventy-four-year-old William Clark was still in the home which was dwelling 163 in the 1900 Census. Ella Armitta Clark (1904-1989), William’s granddaughter but not Jane’s, explains the presence of William’s 29-year-old daughter, Mary Jane Clark (1870-1948), in the Position 23 home with him that year. Ella Armitta32 says that her aunt Mary Jane “took care of Grandpa Clark until he died.” “Before that,” she says, “she had to quit school in the fifth grade to take care of her mother, who was ill, till she died.” Mary Jane’s mother was William’s plural wife, Margaret Boardman (1840-1894). Mary Jane had been with William in the pioneer adobe home when he married Julia Anna Angell (1871-1966) on 12 November, 1896. Julia Anna appears to have joined William and Mary Jane in the Position 23 pioneer adobe home until she left Lehi and went to live with her daughter in Provo, presumably before 1900. Ella Armitta Clark was the daughter of James Clark (1875-1939), a son of William and Margaret Boardman Clark and Armitta Peterson (1874-1967). Ella Armitta says that

31

Lehi Free Press (2016). Chroniclingamerica.loc.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from

http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84002074/, Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/ TH-300-39171-124-79/dist.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic Ella Armitta Clark Muhlestein - My History, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/5327372? returnLabel=Ella%20Armitta%20Clark%20(KWCVBR5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWCV-BR5%26section%3Dmemories 32

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1914-1915 view of Main Street at First West from a twenty-inch-wide panoramic view of Lehi’s Main Street Historic District. The Merrihew/Dalley Building is in the foreground. The pioneer adobe home of William Clark (1825-1910) on First West Street is east the large trees on the viewer’s left. From Lehi Historical Society and Archives. her parent’s first home was part of William Clark’s house33. She adds that the house was “located two houses north of the bank on Main Street, Lehi, Utah.” She says her sister, Jennive Clark (1896-1981), was born there [on 23 August 1896]. That’s confirmed by Jennive herself who says that James and Armitta shared part of the house of William Clark, adding that they were living in this “borrowed” home when she herself was born34. Ella Armitta adds that her parents lived in the William Clark home for a year, then built a two room brick home on the bench northeast of Lehi.

Ella Armitta Clark Muhlestein - My History. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/5327372? returnLabel=Ella%20Armitta%20Clark%20(KWCVBR5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWCV-BR5%26section%3Dmemories 33

Home and Family. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/9238488?returnLabel=Jennive%20Clark%20(KWC9R7P)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWC9-R7P%26section%3Dmemories 34

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The bank Ella Armitta and Jennive referred to was in the Merrihew Building35 on the Southwest corner of Block 40 at the intersection of First West Street and Main Street. Paulinus Harvey Allred and his family had been in an adobe home on the site at Position 19 on the 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps, but the 1907 Sanborn map depicts the Merrihew Building at position 18 on Main Street. Two buildings identified as dwellings are depicted on First West Street north of it, one at position 21, the other at position and 23. The Position 23 dwelling is the pioneer adobe home of William Clark. Ella Armitta would have referred to the Merrihew Building as she remembered it, some time between 1919 and 1953, when it was the bank, but the bank was yet to be built when her parents occupied William Clark’s pioneer adobe home in 1896. Ella Armitta’s bank is labelled “Drugs” on the 1907 Sanborn map, a reminder that the Merrihew Building was a drugstore before it became a bank. The Merrihew Building is depicted as the westernmost building in a series of adjacent buildings along the North side of Main Street. The buildings are all depicted in red signifying brick construction. The Merrihew drug store/bank Building and the Southworth Building and the pioneer adobe home of William Clark are visible in an early photograph of Main Street reproduced in Van Wagoner’s Pioneering Lehi History: A 150 Year Pictorial History36. The photograph has the following caption. These two 1914-1915 views of Main Street at First West were originally a single, twenty-inch-wide panoramic view of the area now incorporated in Lehi’s Main Street Historic District, an area listed on the National Register of Historic Places. … Abe Ekins, proprietor of the Lehi Drug Store, sold hundreds of these cards for five cents. By far the most prominent feature on the right-hand pane of the panorama is the Merrihew Building itself. The door has a “Lehi Drug Store” sign. To the viewer’s right Main Street extends eastward. On the left First West Street extends north past the West side of the Merrihew Building. The street is visible to the point where it ends in a “T” at Sixth North Street, though resolution is low. Tracks visible in the dirt on First West Street might have been made by motorized vehicles, but they’re more likely the tracks of

The history of the building, under the name Harry B. Merrihew Drugstore, presented on a National Register of Historic Places—Nomination Form, (2016). Focus.nps.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://focus.nps.gov/pdfhost/docs/NRHP/Text/82004170.pdf, says the building was constructed in 1899 on part of Lot 2 of Block 40 which extends north 6 rods (99’) from the Southwest corner of the lot. A plaque (Merrihew/Dalley Building - Lehi, Utah, USA - Utah Historical Markers on Waymarking.com . (2016). Waymarking.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/WMDTV2_Merrihew_Dalley_Building_Lehi_Utah_USA) on the side of the building also gives particulars. The Merrihew Building has housed a variety of businesses, as described by Exploring with Jacob Barlow: Historic Buildings, Barlow, J., Barlow, J., Barlow, J., Barlow, J., Barlow, J., & Barlow, J. et al. (2016). Lehi | JacobBarlow.com. Jacobbarlow.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://jacobbarlow.com/tag/lehi/ 35

36

Pioneering Lehi City: A 150-Year Pictorial History, 2001, p. 295.

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Closeup looking north on First West from Main Street in 1914-1915 view of Main Street at First West from a twenty-inch-wide panoramic view of Lehi’s Main Street Historic District. The Merrihew/Dalley Building is in the foreground on the viewer’s right. The pioneer adobe home of William Clark (1825-1910) is on First West Street to the right of the trees in the center. From Lehi Historical Society and Archives. horse-drawn conveyances. There’s a hitching post on the side of the street, a reminder of Van Wagoner’s assertion that the photograph was taken during the period when automobiles first began to appear in Lehi. A walkway extends along the west side the Merrihew building. An August 1930 north addition37 would replace the wooden sheds that occupy the area in the panorama, the frame structures. Immediately beyond the sheds the roof of the 1907 Sanborn map Position 21 Southworth Building building is visible. Further up First West Street the Position 23 pioneer adobe home of William Clark is visible in the photograph. It’s partly obscured by trees but there’s no doubt that it’s the house in the Wilde/Montague photograph of the William Clark Home 38. The narrow LEHI DRUG STORE STATE BANK OF LEHI JULIAN DRUG DALLEY’S, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/LehiDrugStore-Dalleys.pdf 37

William Clark Home, (2016). Wildague.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// www.wildague.com/Genealogy/showmedia.php?mediaID=55&medialinkID=96 38

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space between the barely visible picket fence and the house is occupied by those large trees. They're in full leaf so the photograph must have been taken in summer. The smoke stack39 for the heating building that serviced the Grammar School40 and the Primary School41 is visible in the distance between the back part of the Clark home and the Southworth Building. The 112-foot tower of the old Lehi Tabernacle 42 isn't visible in the panorama. According to Van Wagoner43, work on the tabernacle began in 1900 and was completed for dedication in 1910. The view must have been blocked by the Merrihew Building. Though apparently unfinished, the tabernacle is depicted on the southwest corner of Block 59 on the 1907 Sanborn map. Around the time of the panorama photograph, William Clark’s property on the northwest quadrant of Block 40 was distributed to some of his children. Mary Jane Clark purchased part of Lot 5 from her father for one dollar in 1908 44. She then sold the exact same property to Jane Lewis in 1921 for $525.00, who sold it to the Alpine School district “for one dollar and other valuable considerations” in 1929 45. That explains why Van Wagoner46 mentioned Jane Lewis in connection with property that became the athletic field. Jane Lewis was Jane Sarah Goodey (1856-1953), the wife of Henry Ray

Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-pBgT6xW/A 39

Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-vWGtFbk 40

Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-PBrbSth 41

Then and now: A Lehi landmark. (2008). DeseretNews.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.deseretnews.com/article/695261046/Then-and-now-A-Lehi-landmark.html?pg=all 42

Lehi Tabernacle, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wpcontent/uploads/2014/03/LehiTabernaclebyRichardVanWagoner.pdf 43

Block 40, line 82, pt 5. William Clark, a widower to Mary Jane Clark, $1.00. 11/21/08, 5/26/10. Beginning at the North West corner of Block 40 … thence East 2.35 chains; thence South 1.34 chains; thence West 2.35 chains, thence North 1.34 chains, to point of beginning. Area 3 1/100 acre. 44

Block 40, line 186, pt. 5. Mary Jane Peterson Clark, formerly Mary Jane Clark to Jane S. Lewis. $525.00. 2/15/21. Block 40, line 187, pt. 5. Jane S. Lewis to Alpine School District. 6/13/29. Beginning at the North West corner of Block 40 … thence East 2.35 chains; thence South 1.34 chains; thence West 2.35 chains, thence North 1.34 chains, to point of beginning. Area 3 1/100 acre. 45

46

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 304.

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Lewis (1854-1931). She and her husband were prominent in Lehi business, civic and church affairs47. William Clark similarly sold part of Lot 4, the property on which the Position 23 adobe home stood, to his step-daughter Sarah Elizabeth Ross and his daughter Emily Jane Clark in 190848. The deed gives the addresses of the two women as Wallsburg City, Wasatch County. The two of them then sold the property to their brother, William Wheeler Clark, in 1914, who in turn sold it to the Alpine School District in 192949. The portions of Lots 4 and 5 involved in the sales were west of the line the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps show between the Position 23 and Position 3 adobe homes. Initially, William Clark owned the property east of that line to the center of the block. He would have had possession of the western portion of the Position 3 adobe home. Transactions with his neighbor, John Beck, would give him all of the Position 3 home and would result in the line on the maps separating it from the Position 23 home. Block 40, Position 3 Adobe Dwelling: Gottlieb Beck, William Wheeler Clark and others The Block 40, Position 3 adobe home stood near the middle of the northern edge of the block on First North Street. The home is visible in the background of a photograph of the Lehi Pioneer Monument in its original position on the northeast corner of First North Street and First West Street. Its first occupants appear to have been Gottlieb Beck and his family. They were followed by the William Wheeler Clark family, followed by the James Edgar Ross family, followed by the Hyrum Timothy family, followed by the John Comer family. In 1929 the property passed to the Alpine School District and became part of the Lehi High School/Junior High School athletic field. The site is now part of the parking lot serving the Lehi Legacy Center. The first occupants of the Block 40, Position 3 adobe home were probably shoemaker Johann Gottlieb Beck (1836-1920) and his wife Eva Magdalena Mossinger (1838-1891). They were in dwelling 16 in the 1870 Census. John Beck, and his wife, Sarah Beck (1838-1894), in dwelling 15, were on one side of Johann Gottlieb and Eva People and their place in the History of Lehi, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ PeopleandtheirplaceintheHistoryofLehiI-L2.pdf 47

Block 40, line 88, pt 4. William Clark, a widower to Sarah Elizabeth Ross and Emily Jane Sabey, of Wallsburg City, Wasatch County, $1.00. 11/12/08. Beginning 1.34 chains South from the North West corner of Block 40 … thence East 2.35 chains; thence South 1.34 chains; thence West 2.35 chains, thence north 1.34 chains to point of beginning. Area, 3 1/100 of an acre. 48

Block 40, line 105, pt 4. Sarah Elizabeth Ross and Emily Jane Sabey, of Wallsburg City, Wasatch County, to William W. Clark, $800.00. 10/17/14. Block 40, line 194, pt 4. William W. Clark and his wife, Martha C. Clark to Alpine School District. 8/20/29. 49

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Johann Gottlieb Beck (1836-1920) and his wife, Eva Magdalena Mossinger (1838-1891), occupied the Block 40, Position 3 adobe home on First North Street in the 1870 Census. The home was removed when the Lehi High School/ Junior High School athletic field was installed in 1930 site of the home is now part of the Legacy Center parking lot. Magdalena in the 1870 Census. Sarah Beck was Johann Gottlieb's sister. William and Jane Clark and their family in dwelling 17 were on the other side of Johann Gottlieb and Eva Magdalena in the 1870 Census. The Clarks in the Position 23 adobe home and John and Sarah Beck in the Position 6 home were on either side of Johann Gottlieb and Eva Magdalena. There were not appear to have been any other homes between the three families on Block 40. William Wheeler Clark (1855-1934) and his wife, Polly Melissa Willes (1856-1887), were in the Block 40, Position 3 adobe home on First North Street in the 1880 Census. The home was removed when the Lehi High School/ Junior High School athletic field was installed in 1930 site of the home is now part of the Legacy Center parking lot.

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James Edgar Ross (1867-1942) and his wife, Rosalinda Wing (1872-1903), occupied the Block 40, Position 3 adobe home on First North Street in the early years of their marriage. The home was removed when the Lehi High School/ Junior High School athletic field was installed in 1930 site of the home is now part of the Legacy Center parking lot. Neither John Beck nor his brother-in-law Johann Gottlieb Beck were in Lehi in the 1860 Census. The History of John Beck50 says the Becks immigrated from Germany to America and arrived in Salt Lake City that in 1864 then settled some time afterward in Lehi. The Block 40, Position 3 home was presumably built some time after that. Property lines on Block 40 may not have been clearly adhered to in those days. Otherwise the Position 3 adobe home would have been built entirely east of the center of the block. John Beck received the Mayor’s Deed for the lot on which most of the Position 3 home stood, Lot 6 on Block 40, on 9 February, 1871 51. There’s nothing about tenements on the deed, but the Position 6 home and part of the Position 3 home must have been on Beck’s property. The western one-fourth of the Block 40, Position 3 home, however, was on Lot 5. William Clark received the Mayor’s deed for Lot 5 on 22 January, 1871 52. There’s no mention of tenements on the deed but he must have assumed legal if not tacit ownership of the part of the Position 3 home that stood on his property. The Position 3 home straddled the line between William Clark’s Lot 5 property and John Beck’s Lot 6 property. In addition to Lots 4 and 5 on Block 40, William Clark owned Lot 7, the lot immediately south of Beck’s Lot 6. On 7 September, 1877, William Clark sold

The History of John Beck. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/12401707? returnLabel=Johannes%20John%20Beck%20(KWVQGF5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWVQ-GF5%26section%3Dmemories 50

Block 40, line 6. William H. Winn to John Beck, MD 2/9/71. Lot Six (6) in Block forty (40) Plat A. Area 60/100 Acres. 51

52

Block 40, line 1. …Also lots 4, 5 & 7 in Block 40 Plat A Area 1, 20/160 acres.

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Hyrum Timothy (1863-1944) and his wife, Rosilla Clark (1866-1950), occupied the Block 40, Position 3 adobe home on First North Street in the early years of their marriage. The home was removed when the Lehi High School/ Junior High School athletic field was installed in 1930 site of the home is now part of the Legacy Center parking lot. the portion of Lot 7 that lay east of the Position 3 adobe home to John Beck53. On the same day, John Beck sold the western portion of Lot 6 to William Clark 54. The deed specifies “all and singular the tenements, their attachments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or anywise appertaining….” Unfortunately there’s no mention of the actual position of the “tenements.” Nevertheless, it’s safe to assume that the eastern part of the Position 3 adobe home, the part that stood on Lot 6, was included in the deal. The Position 3 home thereafter stood entirely on property owned by William Clark who then held all of Lots 4 and 5 as well as the adjacent western portions of Lots 6 and 7. The Sanborn maps of Block 40 which show lines delimiting a large northwestern section of the block from First West Street just east of the Position 3 home which itself stands on a narrower, slightly east-of-center section of the block. The Position 6 home is depicted on a larger northeastern portion of the block. William Clark’s Position 23 pioneer adobe home is on the even larger northwestern portion. Both it and the Position 3 home stood on property that was later to become the athletic field. The sites of both homes are now covered by portions of the parking lot south of the Lehi Legacy Center. William and Jane’s fifteen-year-old son, William Wheeler Clark (1855-1934), had been with his family in his father’s home, the Position 23 home, dwelling 17, in the 1870 Census, but on 24 March, 1878, 23-year-old William Wheeler married 22-year-old Polly

Block 40, line 8, portions of Lot 7… commencing at the North East corner of said Lot, thence South 4 rods, 13 and 1/2 feet, West 7 rods 12 and 1/2 half feet, North 4 rods 23 and 1/2, East 7 rods, 12 and 1/2 feet to point of beginning. Area 35 and 1/2 square rods. 53

Block 40, line 10, Lot 6 … commencing at North West corner of said lot, thence East 3 rods 6 and 1/2 feet, South 6 rods, West 3 rods 6 and 1/2 feet, North 6 rods to point of beginning. Area 70 square rods and 70 square feet, together with all and singular the tenements, their attachments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or anywise appertaining, and the rents, uses, and profits thereof …. 54

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Melissa Willes (1856-1887). William Wheeler Clark: Biography55 says that after they were married, they “set up housekeeping on the Clark farm with their own home.” Polly Melissa Willes Clark: Biography56 likewise affirms that the newly-weds moved into a new home on the property of William Clark. From all indications, their first home was the Block 40, Position 3 home on First North. Although it was in town, the Position 3 home could be construed to have been on William Clark’s “farm.” It wasn't actually “new,” but by 1878 it was entirely on property owned by William Clark. William Wheeler and Polly Melissa Clark’s dwelling 141 was the Block 40, Position 3 adobe home in the 1880 Census. Johann Gottlieb and Eva Magdalena Beck had moved from the home by 1880. County property records show that in 1879 Johann Gottlieb Beck purchased Lot 2 on Block 6757. He and his wife and children had moved to that property where they were found in dwelling 138 in the 1880 Census. They were on the site of, but not in, the home that stands today at 86 West, 300 North58. William Wheeler’s father’s plural wife Margaret Boardman in dwelling 140 was William Wheeler and Polly Melissa’s apparent nearest neighbor in the 1880 Census. Margaret’s home was at position 67 on First West Street on Block 49, just north of Block 40. The census taker would not have encountered another home between the Clarks and Margaret's home as he made his visits on 9 June, 1880. He was coming from north when he visited Margaret. He had previously visited William Bone, Jr. (1841-1912) and his family in dwelling 139 in the 1880 Census. The Bones were north of Margaret on First West Street, in the Position 72 home on Block 67. That home stands today at 394 North, 100 West59 .

William Wheeler Clark: Biography, in Joseph Franklin Fagan and Mary Francell Clark: Their Descendants and Their Ancestors, (2016). Dcms.lds.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE71457&from=fhd, a collection of biographies compiled by LaVerle L. Anderson Dean, 1836 S. Main St., Orem, Utah 84058, 2002; edited by Merlin Frank Anderson, 830 East 299, North Alpine, Utah 84004, and Robert Lowell Brown, 80 N. Paradise Drive, Orem, Utah 84097. The collection also contains a Mary Francell Clark: Biography and a Polly Melissa Willes: Biography. 55

Polly Melissa Willes Clark: Biography, Joseph Franklin Fagan and Mary Francell Clark : their descendants and their ancestors. (2016). Dcms.lds.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE71457&from=fhd 56

57

Block 67, line 7

58

See my own The Old Fort Wall, a Herd of Cows and a Near and Dear Neighbor

59

The Old Fort Wall, a Herd of Cows and a Near and Dear Neighbor

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The Polly Melissa Willes Clark: Biography60 says Polly Melissa bore five children in the house on William Clark’s farm. It’s true that she bore five children, but only the first three Melissa Jane Clark (1879-1884), William Wheeler Clark (1880-1896), and Asa Jones Clark (1882-1966), were born while she and William Wheeler were in the Position 3 adobe home. The Clarks moved to a home in the New Survey portion of Lehi in 1884. The next residents of the Block 40, Position 3 adobe home appear to have James Edgar Ross (1867-1942), his wife Rosalinda Wing (1872-1903), and their children. James Edgar was a son of William Clark’s step-son, John Edgar Ross (1840-1920). Biography of James Edgar Ross 1867-194161 by Alinda Rose Ross (1897-1987) says that on 13 June, 1883, James Edgar went to work for his [step] grandfather, William Clark, for $15.00 a month herding sheep. Around 1889, she says, James Edgar purchased a small home from his grandfather. She says the house was located “on the block now occupied by the school, at Lehi, where he lived after his marriage and where his first two children were born.” She must have meant the Grammar School. The only home owned by William Clark on the block where that school was located, Block 49, was the Position 67 adobe home of Margaret Boardman Clark. Margaret presumably lived in that adobe home from the time of her marriage to William Clark in 1864 until her death in 1894, so if they moved to a home purchased in 1889, it wasn’t Margaret’s. It wasn't actually on the block “occupied by the school” either. More than likely, the home James Edgar is said to have purchased from his grandfather was the Block 40, Position 3 home on First North Street. James Edgar and Rosalinda were married in February or March, 1891. Their first two children were born in 1892 and 1895. William Wheeler Clark had occupied the Position 3 home with his wife and children between 1878 and 1884. Unfortunately there's no 1890 census, so the Ross' presence there can't be confirmed. Furthermore, there's no Utah County property record of William Clark having sold the home to James Edgar. For that matter, there’s no record of a sale of the property to William Wheeler Clark either. Apparently William Clark retained ownership and let his descendants live in the home. That was probably true in the case of Hyrum Timothy (1863-1944) and his wife, William and Jane’s daughter Rosilla Clark (1866-1950), as well. The Timothys were in dwelling 167 in the 1900 Census, apparently four houses away from William and his daughter Mary Jane in dwelling 163. The Timothys must have been in the Block 40, Position 3 adobe home on First North Street. There’s no record of a sale by William Clark to the Timothys so maybe it was “off the books,” but, the Timothys must have held Polly Melissa Willes Clark: Biography, Joseph Franklin Fagan and Mary Francell Clark : their descendants and their ancestors. (2016). Dcms.lds.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE71457&from=fhd 60

Biography of James Edgar Ross 1867-1941, Biography of James Edgar Ross 1867-1941 By Alinda Ross Robbins, daughter 1955. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/6471693? returnLabel=James%20Edgar%20Ross%20(KWCWWC7)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26pe rson%3DKWCW-WC7%26section%3Dmemories 61

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title because on 12 May, 1909, they sold the property on which the Position 3 home stood to Lehi School District 1262 . The school district sold the property it had purchased from the Timothys to Mary A. Stickney on 9 October, 190963. Stickney in turn sold the property to Joseph Andreason (1857-1947) on 1 May, 1916 64. The Position 3 dwelling was still in place, but it’s numerical position designation was changed to 3/45 on the 1922 Sanborn map. That should presumably have made the street address 45 West, 100 North and a house with that number might be expected to show up in the 1920 Census. It doesn’t. The nearest thing to it is dwelling 54 at 62 West, First North Street, the home of renter and taxi driver John Floyd Comer (1892-1943), his wife Hazel Johnson (1897-1944), and two children in the 1920 Census. The house number west of Center Street should have placed their home on the North side of First North Street. That would have been on Block 49. There’s no house along that side of First North Street west of the Position 42 dwelling on the 1908 and 1922 Sanborn maps or on the map altered to depict 1934 conditions except a home on the Southeast corner of the block at position 35 on Center Street. That was the Samuel J. Taylor home/library home in 192065. There seems no choice but to assume that the 62 West, First North home was the Position 3 adobe dwelling on First North Street. John Comer must have been renting the Position 3 home from Joseph Andreason in 1920. Utah County Property records show “Joseph Andreason c/o John Comer” involved in a 1925 tax sale on Lots 5 and 666 . Andreason sold parts of the two lots to the Board of Education, Alpine School District on 27 December, 192967. That’s why

Block 40, line 70, pt. 5. Hyrum Timothy (and his wife “Rozilla" Timothy” to Lehi School District 12, $900.00. Executed 28 April, 1909; filed May 12, 1909. Beginning 2.35 chains East from the North West corner of Block 40 … thence East 1.17 chains, thence South 2.68 chains, thence West 1.17 chains, thence North 2.68 chains, to the place of beginning. The descriptions of the property on lines 70 and 75 are the same. Line 70 indicates it includes property on Lot 5 only but line 75 specifies Lots 4, 5, 6 and 7.This is the property within the lines that enclose the Position 3 adobe dwelling on the 1890 Sanborn map. Why would Hyrum Timothy pass it on to the School District by way of a warranty deed in April, to be followed by William [Wheeler] Clark passing it to the School District by quit claim deed in June of the same year? 62

63

Block 40, line 83

64

Block 40, line 149

65

See my own Pioneer Adobe Homes on Blocks 40 and 49 in Lehi

66

Block 40, line 182

67

Block 40, line 197

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Johannes Beck

(1843-1913) and his wife, Sarah Beck (1838-1894), and their children occupied the Block 40, Position 6 adobe home in the 1970 and 1980 Censuses. The home was on Center Street on the site on which the Lehi Carnegie Library opened in 1921. Andreason is implied by Van Wagoner68 to have had a “pioneer adobe home” on the future athletic field. The Joseph Andreason property on the future athletic field appears actually to have been the Position 3 adobe home. It had not come into Andreason's possession until long after the “pioneer” period of Lehi history so it wasn't actually his “pioneer adobe home”. It might have been more accurate to have called the home the Johann Gottlieb Beck/ William Wheeler Clark/ James Edgar Ross/ Hyrum Timothy/ Lehi School District 12/ Mary A. Stickney/ Joseph Andreason pioneer adobe adobe home on Block 40. The Position 3 adobe home was just north of a brick building Van Wagoner69 called the “city bastille”. He says, the jail stood twenty years on the property just west of the land on which the Memorial Building was to be built. The adobe home, and the jail south of it, are depicted at position 3/45 on the 1922 Sanborn map. The property on which both it and the Position 3 adobe home stood had been in the hands of William Clark as the result of his transactions with John Beck in 1877. The jail is depicted between the line that marked the eastern limit of the William Clark pioneer adobe home property and west of the line the separated the lot on which both buildings stood from the Memorial Building property on east on the 1907 and the 1922 maps. Both the jail and the Position 3 adobe home west of the Carnegie Library/Memorial Building complex are covered by velum in the 1934 modification of the 1922 map, reflecting the fact that the two structures had been removed in 1930 to make way for the athletic field.

68

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 304.

69

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 46.

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The jail is perhaps intrinsically more interesting than the little adobe dwelling that was home to a succession of young families at the start of the married lives. Such homes might only be of interest to the immediate family of the folks who lived in them, and maybe not even of much interest to them. The Position 3 adobe home is of interest to me because my grandfather appears to have born in that home while his parents were living there. Today hundreds of Lehi citizens and others park their cars or vans on the Legacy Center parking lot and walk over the site on which the building stood as they enter the building to watch their kids play basketball or indoor soccer of wrestling or gymnastics or attend the pre-school or who-knows-what-else. The little old home that stood there has probably never been known to any of them. It can now be remembered by a few. Block 40, Position 6 Adobe Dwelling: John Beck, Thomas Biesinger and Caroline Hertkorn Biesinger The Position 6 adobe home stood on the corner of First North Street and Center Street in Lehi. It was the home of John Beck in 1870 and 1880. The property on which the home stood was purchased in 1882 by Beck's business partner Thomas Biesinger. One of Biesinger's wives, Caroline, was in the home in 1900. She may have conducted a private school in the home. In 1921 the Lehi Carnegie Library opened on the site70. Today the library building and the attached Memorial Building on its south side are occupied by the Lehi City Hutchings Museum. According to The History of John Beck71 the Becks migrated to America from Germany. They crossed the plains with ox teams and arrived in Salt Lake City in October, 1864. After spending the winter in Lehi, they moved south to Sevier County. They intended to settle there, but the Blackhawk War caused them to move back to Lehi. Beck leased a farm and raised sheep and manufactured charcoal. He made sufficient money the first season to purchase a home in the settlement, "where he resided for many years and prospered.” Although another home in Lehi, standing in renovated condition today at 791 North, 100 East, is famously known as having been the home of John Beck, the home for which he “made sufficient money the first season to purchase” appears to have been the Position 6 dwelling on Block 40.

70

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 80.

The History of John Beck (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/12401707? returnLabel=Johannes%20John%20Beck%20(KWVQGF5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWVQ-GF5%26section%3Dmemories 71

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According to John Beck's sister, Eva Christine Beck (1851-1937)72, the Becks spent their first winter in Lehi in a log room that had been used by Georg Gottlieb Zimmerman (1781-1866) as a chicken coop. Eva Christine later married Zimmerman’s son, John Zimmerman (1820-1908), an older brother of one of William Clark’s plural wives, Julia Ann Zimmerman (1829-1915). Another son, George Erastus Zimmerman (1851-1935), married William Clark’s daughter, Mary Ann Clark (1859-1930). The Zimmermans lived on the block south of Block 40, as will be shown, but 27-year-old John Beck, and his wife, 30-year-old Sarah Beck (1838-1894), were in Lehi, Utah Territory, with two of their children, 11-year-old John Albert Beck (1866-1945) and 5year-old George Beck (1867-Deceased), along with Sarah Beck’s mother, 60-year-old Sarah’s mother, 60-year-old Rebecca Schilling (1811-1895), in dwelling 15 in the 1870 Census. From all indications, they were in the large Position 6 adobe home on the southwest corner of Center Street and First North Street. John Beck received the Mayor’s Deed for the property on which the Position 6 home stood, Lot 6, on 9 February, 187173 . Beck is designated “laborer” in the 1870 Census. He owned real estate valued at $300. His personal estate was valued at $200. That’s compared to William Clark who owned $800 in real estate and $700 in personal estate that year. Beck was not yet Lehi’s wealthiest man but he came to prosper in mining74 and other ventures, including enterprises at the Saratoga Hot Springs75. Ten years later 37-year-old John and 41-year-old Sarah were still in Lehi with 13-yearold John, 8-year-old Jacob Beck (1870-1935), 7-year-old Joseph Beck (1871-1959), 6-year-old Mary Beck, 5-year-old Hyrum Beck (1874-1898), 4-year-old Mathilda Elizabeth Beck (1875-1937), and 2-year-old Samuel Beck (18787-1915) were together in dwelling 24 in Lehi in the 1880 Census, as was 70-year-old Rebecca Schilling. Beck is listed there as a farmer. Values of real and personal estate were not part of the 1880 Census. Judging from the neighbors, the Becks were still in the Position 6 adobe home on Block 40.

Heritage Gateways, Historical Pioneer Biographies - Heritage Gateways. (2016). Heritage.uen.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://heritage.uen.org/pioneers/ Wccc7aec7bc7b2.shtml 72

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Block 40, line 6

See The Bullion, Beck, and Champion Mining Company and the Redemption of Zion, by R. Jean Addams, The Journal of Mormon History, 40(2), 2014, pp. 159-234, (2016). Digitalcommons.usu.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/ viewcontent.cgi?article=1080&context=mormonhistory. 74

Saratoga Hot Springs and Amusement Park - Lehi, Utah USA - Defunct Amusement Parks on Waymarking.com . (2016). Waymarking.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// www.waymarking.com/waymarks/ WMBRDQ_Saratoga_Hot_Springs_Amusement_Park_Lehi_Utah_USA 75

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Beck’s presence there can be inferred by the sequence of homes the census taker visited “on the 1st and 2nd day of June, 1880.” On one or the other of those days, 78year-old John Gurney (1801-1888) was found by himself in dwelling 22 in the 1880 Census. He was probably in the Block 40 Position 9 home, south of the Beck’s Position 6 home, facing Center Street. Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895) in dwelling 23 in the 1880 Census was in the Position 10 dwelling just south of that, also on Center Street. Ericksen had received the Mayor’s deed for the lot on which that dwelling stood in 187176. After the 1880 census taker contacted John Beck and his family in dwelling 24, he appears to have crossed Center Street and walked east to dwelling 25 in the 1880 Census, the home to Peter McOmie (1811-1889). That was the Position 3 home on the 1890 Sanborn map of Block 41 on the South side of First North Street. McOmie acquired the Lot 3 property on which that home stood in 188877. The next home, dwelling 26 in the 1880 Census, the home of Samuel Rogers Taylor, was also on Block 41. Taylor received the Mayor’s deed for all of Lots 1 and 2 on Block 41 on the North side of Main Street in 188278 . Van Wagoner79 says Taylor had a blacksmith shop at the Northeast corner of Main Street and First East Street from late 1870s until mid-1890s. The 1890 Sanborn map shows the shop on the Southeast corner of Block 41, east of the large adobe home at position 16 which must have been the Taylor’s home. William Wanlass (1821-1890) was next in the 1880 Census in dwelling 27. The census taker must have crossed First East Street to Block 42 to find him. Van Wagoner80 has a descendent of his, Glen Wanlass, on that block in 1935. From there the census taker must have backtracked west on Main Street to dwelling 28 in the 1880 Census where he found Johannes Peterson (1848-1928) and Rhoda Jane Ashton (1853-1913) on the south side of the Block 40 in a home recently purchased from Jens Holm on the eastern one-half of Lot 281, west of the Position 14 home of Johannes’ father, Anders Peterson on Lot 182. Although John Beck and his family were on Block 40 in 1870 and 1880, Van Wagoner83 asserts that John Beck’s home was built in 1863 by Lehi’s first brick mason, J. Wiley Norton, at 791 North, 100 East. John Beck Home84 gives the same address but gives 76

Block 40, line 2

77

Block 41, line 6

78

Block 41, line 2

79

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 220.

80

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 210.

81

Block 40, line 27

82

Block 40, line 3

83

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 223.

John Beck Home: Scrooge and Marley’s, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/JohnBeckHome.pdf 84

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1867 as the date of construction. That large landmark home is depicted at Position 6 on the 1890 Sanborn map of Block 89. If that home was built before the 1870 Census, John Beck and his wife Sarah and their children might not be expected to have been residing eight blocks south and one block west of there on Block 40 in 1870 and 1880. Nevertheless, census and property records clearly place them on Block 40 both years. Beck took additional wives in Utah, but Sarah Beck, with whom he shared the Position 6 Block 40 home, was the wife who came with him from Germany to America. On the September 1877 day of William Clark’s transactions with him, John Beck sold the eastern parts of Lots 6 and Lot 7, “together with all and singular the tenements, their attachments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or anywise appertaining,” to Leonard Samuel Pickel (1806-1881)85. Pickel got everything on the northeastern quarter of Block 40 east of William Clark’s holdings. That included the Beck's Position 6 home on Lot 6 and the smaller Position 8 adobe dwelling on Lot 7. That would appear to have left Beck with nothing on Block 40 and he might have been expected to have left the block before 1880, perhaps for the large home at 791 North, 100 East. Leonard Pickel and his family, on the other hand, might be expected to have been in the Position 6 home in 1880. Nevertheless, the Becks were still on the scene in dwelling 24 in the 1880 Census and Leonard Pickle was not. Leonard Pickle’s Lot 6 property changed hands again on the day of an estate sale when Ira D. Wines was named as the highest bidder for the Lot 6 “lands and tenements.”86 Two years later, on 7 September, 1882, the Lot 6 property, as well as part of Leonard Pickle’s Lot 7 property, along with property on Block 49, was sold by Wines to Thomas Biesinger (1844-1931) (as Thomas Bessinger)87. That property did not include the

Block 40, line 9, E pt 6, 7. John Beck to Lenard Pickel 9/7/77. The eastern portions of Lots 6 and 7 … And commencing at North East corner of Lot 6, thence West 7 rods 9 and 1/2 feet, South 10 rods, 13 and 1/2 feet, East 7 rods 9 and 1/2 feet, North 10 rods, 13 and 1/2 feet, to point of beginning. Area 76 square rods and 55 square feet. Together will all and singular the tenements, their attachments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or anywise appertaining, and the rents, uses, and profits thereof …. 85

Block 40, line 12, All 6. Estate of Leonard Pickle to Ira D. Wines. Confirmation[?], 4/11/80 … Leonard Pickle deceased… lands and tenements … That at such sale Ira D. Wines because the purchaser of said real estate for the sum of fourteen hundred and sixty Dollars in being the highest and best bidder… 86

Block 40, line 15, pt 6, pt of 7. Ira D. Wines to Thomas Bessinger. WD, 9/7/82… required by the said Ira D. Wines in the estate of Leonard Pickle… Lot (6) Six in Block (40) forty Plat A Area 60/100 Acres - also commencing at the North East corner of Lot (7) Seven Block forty Plat A, thence South (4) four rods (13 1/2) feet, thence West (7) rods (9 1/1) feet, thence North (4) rods (13 1/2) feet, thence East (7) seven rods (9 1/2) feet to point of beginning Area 55 1/2 Acres. Also commencing at the South East corner of Block (49) forty nine Plat A, thence North (3 1/4) rods, thence West (11) rods, thence South (3 1/4) rods, thence East (11) rods, to point of beginning Area (35 3/4) Rods… 87

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southern portion on Lot 7 on which the Position 8 home stood. Apparently that remained in the hands of the heirs of Leonard Pickel. According to R. Jean Addams88, Thomas Biesinger was partnered with John Beck, Beck’s brother George, and his cousin Gottlieb Beck, in the Bullion, Beck, and Champion Mining Company. Thomas Biesinger, like John Beck, was born in Wurttemberg, Germany, and like Beck, converted to Mormonism in 1862. A biographical sketch89 he arrived in Salt Lake City on 8 October, 1865, but resided successively in Lehi and Fairfield. He was ordained an Elder in 1874 and was appointed superintendent of the Fairfield Sunday school In, 1875, and later of the Cedar Valley Ward Sunday school. He was appointed in September, 1875, to re-baptize church members in Fairfield into the United Order. He moved to Lehi in 1880. He carried the mail from Lehi to Ophir two years. In 1883 he served a mission in Austria-Hungary. He was arrested and imprisoned in Prague and afterward preached in Budapest. He was forced to return to Bavaria where he assisted in the emigration of German and Swiss converts to the Utah Territory90. Thomas Biesinger married Carolina Hertkorn (1826-1904), a widow with children, in 1866 in Salt Lake City. Twenty-five-year-old Thomas Biesinger was with Carolina, as 44year-old Caroline Bissinger, and three of her children, in Fairfield, Utah, in the 1870 Census. In 1874 Thomas Biesinger took Elisabeth Kropf (1852-1890) as a plural wife in Salt Lake City. The above cited sketch says he moved to Lehi in 1880, but 35-yearold Thomas "Beesinger" was with still with now 44-year-old Caroline, "tailoring," in Fairfield in the 1880 Census. He was counted twice in the 1880 Census. In addition to having been with Caroline in Fairfield, he's listed as "working at tailoring" with 20-yearold Elisabeth, and their three small children, in dwelling 95 in Lehi in the 1880 Census. In Lehi the Biesingers were apparently near the home of Andrew A Peterson (1840-1911). Andrew was with his family in dwelling 96 in the 1880 Census. His home

note 37, p. 171, The Bullion, Beck, and Champion Mining Company and the Redemption of Zion, by R. Jean Addams, The Journal of Mormon History, 40(2), 2014, pp. 159-234, (2016). Digitalcommons.usu.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/ viewcontent.cgi?article=1080&context=mormonhistory. Also,Thomas Biesinger (2016). Wikipedia. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Biesinger, and Thomas Biesinger, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-303-41955-190-33/dist.pdf?ctx=ArtCtxPublic 88

(2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/ documents/3452744? pid=KWCH-8PX&returnLabel=Thomas%20Biesinger%20(KWCH-8PX)&returnUrl=https%3A%2 F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWCH-8PX%26secti on%3Dmemories 89

Thomas Biesinger (2016). Wikipedia. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Thomas_Biesinger 90

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in Lehi was on the eastern half of the South side of Main Street91. It's displayed at position 4 on Block 31 on the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps. That placed Peterson one block south of the Block 40 Lot 6 and Lot 7 property Thomas Biesinger acquired from Ira D. Wines in 1882. John Beck and his family were in the Block 40, Position 6 home, so it's certain the Biesingers were not there in 1880, but Thomas and Elisabeth Biesinger probably moved into the Position 6 home when Thomas purchased the property in 1882. Thomas Biesinger (as Thomas Bessinger), his wife Eliza, daughter Rosine, son Thomas Jr, and son George L., were with him that year was in dwelling 96 in Lehi in the 1910 Census. John and Sarah Beck had ten children in Lehi between 1866 and 1885, but they had almost certainly moved elsewhere by 1882. Beck is known to have had that 791 North, 100 East home in Lehi. He had additional wives and he had children by them in Salt Lake City, beginning in 1885 92. The History of John Beck93 says that about the year 1890 the millionaire took up permanent residence in Salt Lake City94. Fifty-seven-yearold John Beck was there in the 1900 Census. At the same time 55-year-old Thomas Biesinger was in Sugarhouse, Salt Lake County, Utah in the 1900 Census. Thomas’ wife there was 38-year-old Louisa Maria Markman (1861-1935). Thomas had married Louisa in 1886 in Salt Lake City. They were there with six children, including four of the children of Thomas’ late wife Elisabeth Kropf who had died in 1890. Thomas Biesinger's first wife, Caroline also moved from Fairfield to Lehi. Caroline's obituary95 says she died on 31 December 1904 in Lehi and that she had lived in Lehi 24 years at the time of her death. That suggests she moved from Fairfield shortly after she had been counted there in the 1880 Census. She was 74-year-old Caroline Bessinger, by herself, in dwelling 170 in Lehi in the 1900 Census. She’s listed as the owner of the

91

See The Old Fort Wall, a Herd of Cows and a Near and Dear Neighbor

(2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KWVQ-GF5 92

The History of John Beck. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/12401707? returnLabel=Johannes%20John%20Beck%20(KWVQGF5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWVQ-GF5%26section%3Dmemories 93

The Lehi Banner, 25 July 1907, Page 1 - The Lehi Banner at Newspapers.com. (2016). Newspapers.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://www.newspapers.com/image/71039119/, says he came back to Lehi in 1907 to spend the 24th of July in Lehi with relatives and to look for a site for a chicken farm. 94

The Funeral of Mrs. Biesinger.. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/12195760?returnLabel=Carolina%20Hertkorn%20(KWJJX9D)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWJJ-X9D%26section%3Dmemories 95

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home which was probably the Position 6 home on Block 40, though she may have been in a home east of there. John Beck sold part of Lot 3 on Block 41 to Thomas Biesinger on 2 September, 188296 . That property is the Northwest corner of the block, across Center Street directly east of the Block 40, Position 6 home. It’s possible that Caroline was in the home depicted at Position 27 on the 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps of Block 41, but not on the 1890 map. The house depicted at position 27/86 on Block 41 on the 1922 map and appears to be the home that stands today at 90 North Center. That property, as well as the property on which the Block 40, Position 8 home stood, had been part of the estate of Leonard Pickle that went at auction to Ira D. Wines97. The Block 41 property went from Mayor A. J. Evans to John Beck on 6 August, 188298, then from Beck, “together with all and singular the tenements,” to Thomas Bessinger on 2 September, 188299. On 21 December, 1891, however, Bessinger sold the Block 41 property to C. L. Seabright with no mention of tenements100. That would seem to indicate that Caroline was not on Block 41 in 1900. Van Wagoner101 says that the “Book of Remembrance” of Edward Southwick (1842-1888) mentioned two private schools in Lehi, one in “Hannah Pickle’s house (present site of the Memorial Building),” and one in the “Bessinger home.” Hannah Pickle’s house is shown below to have been the Position 8 home on Lot 7 of Block 40, the then future site of the Memorial Building. Hannah does not appear to have been in that home in 1900. She and her husband James Anderson were probably two blocks north of there, as will be seen. That would have left the Position 8 home available for Caroline. Thomas Bessinger sold part of Lots 6 and 7 on Lot 40 to Caroline on 2 March, 1887102. Caroline then had possession of the Position 6 home on Lot 6, but the description on the property on Lot 7 excludes the southern portion of the lot on which the Position 8 home stood. Caroline then was not in the Position 8 Hannah Pickle home with the private school in 1900. Southwick's “other private school” in the “Bessinger home” must then have been the Position 6 adobe home of Caroline Bessinger in 1900. 96

Block 41, lines 3 and 10

97

Block 41, lines 4, 5

98

Block 41, line 9

99

Block 41, line 3

100

Block 41, line 11

101

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 298.

Block 40, line 16, part of Lot (6) Six in Block (40) forty Plat A Area 60/100 Acres. Also commencing at the North East corner of Lot (7) Seven Block forty Plat A, thence South (4) four rods (13 1/2) feet, thence West (7) rods (9 1/2) feet, thence North (4) rods (13 1/2) feet, thence East (7) seven rods (9 1/2) feet to point of beginning. Area 35/100 Acres. … Together with all and singular the tenements hereditaments and appurtenances … 102

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Transactions involving Thomas and Caroline Bessinger and property on Lots 6 and 7 on Block 40 took place between 1892 and 1909103. These record how the large Position 6 home on Lot 6 and the smaller Position 8 home of Lot 7 changed hands down to a few years before the Carnegie Library and the Memorial Building were built. The library and the Memorial Building are depicted on the 1922 Sanborn map, but the 6, 8, 9 and 10 adobe dwellings had all been removed. Those four adobe dwellings that had lined the West side of Center Street between Main Street and First North Street were gone and probably soon forgotten. Block 40, Position 8 Adobe Dwelling: Hannah Pickle The Position 8 adobe home stood just north of the center of Block 40 on Center Street. It was probably the home of Karren M. Pickle, the widow of Leonard Samuel Pickel, and her daughter, Johannah Fagerstrom, also known as Hannah Pickle who reportedly had a private school in her home on the site of the Lehi Memorial Building before it opened on the site in 1921104. Today the Memorial Building is occupied by the Lehi City Hutchings Museum. On 7 September, 1877, John Beck sold the eastern parts of Lots 6 and Lot 7 on Block 40 to Leonard Samuel Pickel (1806-1881), “together with all and singular the tenements, their attachments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or anywise appertaining”105. Thus Pickel got everything on the northeastern quarter of Block 40 east of William Clark’s holdings. That presumably included the Position 6 home on Lot 6 and the Position 8 home on Lot 7. It would seem logical that Pickel would then have occupied one or the other of those two adobe dwellings and might have been expected to have been found there in the1880 Census, but that wasn't the case. In fact, although he’s on record as having died in 1881 in Ogden, Utah106. He's also Leonard Pickel “deceased” on an order of sale date 11 April,1880107 so had died before the 1880 Census. Utah County property records show that the Estate of Leonard Pickle was

103

Block 40, lines 21, 22, 25, 26, 43, 44, 72

104

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 80.

Block 40, line 9, E pt 6, 7. John Beck to Lenard Pickel, 9/7/77, The eastern portions of Lots 6 and 7 … And commencing at North East corner of Lot 6, thence West 7 rods 9 and 1/2 feet, South 10 rods, 13 and 1/2 feet, East 7 rods 9 and 1/2 feet, North 10 rods, 13 and 1/2 feet, to point of beginning. Area 76 square rods and 55 square feet. Together with all and singular the tenements, their attachments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or anywise appertaining, and the rents, uses, and profits thereof …. 105

(2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KLLW-YJ8 106

107

Block 40, line 11

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transferred to Elisha H. Davis, et al. Order of Sale on 11 April, 1880. Mary Pickle is listed as Leonard’s surviving widow108. Pickel was a “capitalist.”109 He may not have ever lived in Lehi, but he did purchase several pieces of property there. The documentation associated with the 11 April, 1880, estate sale says he left property on Lot 6 of Block 40, “with two dwelling houses thereon,” part of Lot 3 on Block 41 “with corrals and sheds thereon,” and part of Lot 1 on Block 49. The Block 49 property was across First North Street north of the Position 6 home; the Block 41 property was across Center Street east of the Position 6 home. The Block 40 Lot 7 property on which the Position 8 home stood was not part of the estate sale in which his widow Mary and some of his adult children were named as his heirs. Leonard Pickle was born in 1806 in Pennsylvania110 . He married Mary E. Miller (1812-1895) in 1836111. She’s the widow in the 1880 estate sale. Leonard and Mary had nine children in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, between 1838 and 1858. They were in Block 40, line 11, All 6. Estate of Leonard Pickle to Elisha H. Davis, et. al. Order of Sale, 4/11/80. One fourth of all the said estate real and personal to Mary Pickle surviving widow of said deceased and the remaining three fourths to be divided among the children and heirs of said deceased to Wit: Ross M. Pickle, Ephraim C. Pickle, Jacob Pickle, Samuel L. Pickle, Ellis Pickle, Flora Read, and Elizabeth Hook, each to receive one Seventh of said three fourths. And whereas a portion of the residue of said estate consisted of several parcel of land situated in Lehi City Utah County particularly described in the said decree to which reference hereby is made… sell at Public Auction … Public auction…Lot 6 Block 40 Plat A with two dwelling houses thereon, one fraction of Lot 3, Block 41 in Plat A, with corrals and sheds thereon, one fraction of Lot 1, Plat A, Block 49, all in Lehi City… [land on Sections 18 and Section 19 included]. 108

Utah Directory and Gazetteer for 1879-80, Containing the Name and Occupation of Every Resident in the Towns and Cities of Salt Lake, Utah, Weber and Davis Counties…. p. 232. Utah Directory and Gazetteer for 1879-80. (2016). Google Books. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://books.google.com/books? id=kD9OAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA232&lpg=PA232&dq=Leonard+Samuel+Pickel+Lehi&source=bl&ots =CP7tT1HzS&sig=QyMdfD_FGzlDocvMKzIR2BTlHKw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6gp_jpqrMAhUHt4 MKHTR-BsEQ6AEIODAE#v=onepage&q=Leonard%20Samuel%20Pickel%20Lehi&f=false. He’s mentioned in The Making of a Mormon Myth: The 1844 Transfiguration of Brigham Young, Dialogue, Volume 28, No. 4, Winter 1995, by Richard S. Van Wagoner, cites Henry and Catharine Brooke to Leonard and Mary Pickel, 15 Nov. 1844, Leonard Pickel papers, Beinecke Library, Yale University, cited in D. Michael Quinn, The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power (Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1994), 167., (2016). Mormonismi.net. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.mormonismi.net/pdf/myth_creation.pdf 109

Karen Maren Nielson (1841-Deceased), (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/#view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KLLW-YJ8 110

Join Ancestry. (2016). Search.ancestry.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll? indiv=1&db=WorldMarr_ga&h=956348&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&rhSource=7163 111

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Johannah Fagerstrom (1871-1960), aka, Hannah Pickle, was with her mother, Karen Maren Nielson (1841-Deceased), the widow of Leonard Samuel Pickel (1806-1881) in the Block 40, Position 8 adobe home in 1880 Census. The home was on the site on which the Memorial Building now stands. She is said to have had a private school there. Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in the 1850 Census, in the 1860 Census, and in the 1870 Census. Sixty-three-year-old Mary Pickel, undoubtedly a widow by then, was in the home of the eldest of Leonard and Mary’s sons, Ross Miller Pickel (1830-1898) in Lancaster in the 1880 Census. Mary was the first of Leonard Pickel’s two widows. The second was Karen Maren Nielson (1841-Deceased), aka Mary Nielson Fagerstrom, aka Karren M. Pickle, of Aarhus, Denmark. She and Leonard were married on 31 May, 1878, in Salt Lake City112. Mary E. Miller was still alive at the time. Either she and Leonard had become estranged, or Karen Maren Nielson was Leonard’s plural wife. Mary must have come to Utah some time after the 1880 Census. She’s listed as the widow of Leonard Pickel at “1084 9th East,” in Salt Lake City, in the Salt Lake City Directory, 1913113. There’s nothing to indicate that Mary ever lived in Lehi, but Karen Maren Nielson did. She was 39-year-old Karren M. Pickle was with her 9-year-old daughter, Johanne Pickle, in Lehi in dwelling 117 in the 1880 Census. The Leonard Pickel estate sale specified that there were two dwellings on Lot 6. This is confusing because the Sanborn maps indicate that there was only one dwelling on the portion of Lot 6 that went to Leonard Pickel in 1877. That would have been the Position 6 home. The Position 3 dwelling on First North Street was also partly on Lot 6, but that had passed into the hands of William Clark in 1877, as shown above. The Position 8 home stood on Lot 7. That lot wasn't named in the estate transaction. It’s possible there was another dwelling on Lot 6 at the time of the sale and that it had been removed (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KCLZ-S8W&spouse=KLLW-YJ8 112

Join Ancestry. (2016). Search.ancestry.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll? viewrecord=1&r=an&db=USDirectories&indiv=try&h=1006479164 113

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before 1890. Such a dwelling could possibly could have been the home of Karren M. Pickle and her daughter in 1880 while the Becks were in the Position 6 home. Alternatively, and more likely, Karren and Johanne Pickle were in the Position 8 home on Lot 7. The best evidence that Karen M. Pickle and her daughter were in the Position 8 home in 1880 is that the home stood on property that in a few years would come to be occupied by the Memorial Building. Van Wagoner114 reports that Edward Southwick’s Book of Remembrance lists two private schools in Lehi. One, he says, was in the Bessinger home, the other in the home of Hannah Pickle on the site of the Memorial Building. Nine-year-old “Johanne” Pickle of the 1880 Census get up to be the woman known to Southwick as Hannah Pickle. She was also known as Johannah Fagerstrom (1871-1960). She was the daughter of Leonard Pickel’s wife Karen Maren Nielson Pickel. Although she took his name, she must have been Leonard Pickel’s stepdaughter. The idea for the Memorial Building was raised five weeks after Armistice Day, 11 November, 1918, and the building was dedicated on 30 December, 1921115. There was plenty of time before that for 9-year-old Johanne, who was with her mother in the Position 8 home in 1880, to have grown up and to have had a school there in the home that would become “Hannah Pickle’s house” on the “site of the Memorial Building.” The three section Memorial Building complex occupied Lot 6 and Lot 7, as depicted on the 1922 Sanborn map, consisted of the central memorial hall, a City Hall on the South, and the Carnegie Library on the North. People and their place in the History of Lehi116 says that Hannah Pickle was one of the first Organists in Lehi. She played for church meetings in the Lehi Meeting House. At a mass meeting held at the court house hats were passed around to gather aid for

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 298, also Events, Places and Things and their Place in Lehi, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/ uploads/2013/09/EventsPlacesandThings-TheirPlaceinLehiHistory.pdf 114

Utah Division of State History, http://heritage.utah.gov/apps/history/markers/ detailed_results.php?markerid=1928 115

People and their place in the History of Lehi MP, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ PeopleandtheirplaceintheHistoryofLehiM-P2.pdf 116

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 41, 1890. the sufferers by the flood in Pennsylvania while an organ solo was played by Miss Hannah Pickle.117 A group photograph 118 featuring a woman identified as Johannah C T Anderson was undoubtedly the organ soloist Hanah Pickle. Hannah became the wife of The Salt Lake Herald. (Salt Lake City [Utah) 1870-1909, June 13, 1889, Image 2. (1889). Chroniclingamerica.loc.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/ sn85058130/1889-06-13/ed-1/seq-2/ #date1=1836&index=0&rows=20&words=Hannah+Pickle&searchType=basic&sequence=0&stat e=Utah&date2=1922&proxtext=Hannah+Pickle&y=18&x=18&dateFilterType=yearRange&page= 1, June 13, 1889, page 2. 117

ander35.jpg. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/ photos/images/1729451? returnLabel=Johannah%20C%20T%20Anderson%20(K27T-3DF)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2F familysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DK27T-3DF%26section%3D memories 118

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James Marinus Anderson (1864-1953) on 11 September 1899119. Van Wagoner120 says Hannah and James were in a literary society and that Hannah121 was in a choir around 1905. James Anderson is with wife “Hannah,” age 29, in dwelling 138 in Lehi in the 1900 Census, with son Basil M. and mother-in-law Mary Pickle, 59, born 1841 in Denmark. Their apparent nearest neighbor was Elias Abert Bushman (1849-1925) in dwelling 137 in the 1900 Census. The Bushman’s home in 1910 was identified as the house that stands today at 286 North, 100 West. The Andersons do not appear to have been in the Position 8 home on Block 40. A program for Memorial Services for him gives the names of the parents of Basil Mordaunt Anderson (1890-1973) names as James M. and Hannah Fagerstrom Anderson122. Mary Pickle was the Karren M. Pickle of the 1880 Census. Block 40, Position 9 Adobe Dwelling: William Gurney, George Beck, John Gurney The Position 9 adobe home stood south of the middle of the block facing Center Street. It was probably the home of William Gurney and his family in 1860 but by 1870 it had passed into the hands George Beck who was in the home that year. Ten years later either William Gurney's father, John Gurney, or his plural wife, Sarah Hughes Gurney and her children, were in the home. Twenty years later Williams son Charles Gurney and his brothers were probably in the home just south of the site on which the Memorial Building was built in 1921. According to William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah123, English Mormon immigrant William Gurney (1834-1905) arrived in Great Salt Lake City in October of 1854. He remained there for a short time before moving south to Lehi. He’s said to have built two adobe homes in Lehi. He was on Block 49, the block north of Block 40, in the second of the two homes which was dwelling 56 in Lehi the 1870 Census. Ten years earlier, however, 25-year-old William and 20-year-old Julia Jean (1840-1900) and one child were in Lehi in dwelling 3439 in the 1860 Census. They Utah County Marriages 1889-1890, Trails, G. (2016). Genealogytrails.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://genealogytrails.com/utah/utah/marriages_1889_1890.html 119

120

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 79.

121

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 95.

Basil Anderson funeral program.jpg. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/images/19096216? p=7292617&returnLabel=Basil%20Mordaunt%20Anderson%20(9H59V3K)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3D9H59-V3K%26section%3Dmemories 122

William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3890635? returnLabel=William%20Gurney%20(KWNKG6R)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWNK-G6R%26section%3Dmemories 123

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William Gurney (1834-1905) and his wife, Julia Jean (1840-1900), were in the Block 40, Position 9 adobe home in the 1860 Census. The home was just south of the site on which the Memorial Building came to stand. The Gurney’s were in the Block 49, Position 14 home in the 1870 and 1880 Censuses. The site came to be occupied by the Lehi Primary School and is now occupied by part of the Lehi Lehi Legacy Center must have been in the first of the two homes William Gurney built Lehi. That home was probably the Position 9 home on Block 40, but it might have been a small house across Center Street at position 25 on Block 41. Before he visited the Gurneys, the 1860 census taker visited Peter McIntyre (1790-1872) and Elizabeth Marie Colville (1802-1874) in dwelling 3438. Elizabeth would receive the Mayor’s Deed for Lot 1 on Block 49 in 1871124. That placed the McIntyres on the Northeast corner of the intersection of First North Street and Center Street. After visiting the Gurneys, the 1860 enumerator visited dwelling 3440. That was the home just south of the Position 9 home, the Block 40, Position 10 adobe home of Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895). The McIntyres and the Ericksens were clearly on the west side of Center Street, but William Gurney and his family could have been across the street on Block 41. Either way, the enumerator does not seem to have visited the Block 40, Position 6 and Position 8 homes, which like the Block 40, Position 9 home and the Block 41, Position 25 homes, lie between the McIntyres and the Ericksens. The Position 6 and 8 homes were probably not built until after 1860. William Gurney and his family were not in the Block 40, Position 9 adobe home in 1870. Twenty-two-year-old “shoemaker” Johann Georg Beck (1848-1933), known in Lehi as George Beck, and 19-year-old Anna Johnson (1851-1909) in dwelling 14 were there in the 1870 Census. Beck received the Mayor’s Deed for Position 9 dwelling property, the northern half of Lot 8, on 9 February, 1871 125. He may have acquired the property from William Gurney some time before 1870, but available Utah County property records don't extend back beyond 1869 so there’s no way to document any such 124

Block 49, line 3

125

Block 40, line 4

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Johann Georg Beck (1848-1933) and his wife, Anna Johnson (1851-1909), were in the Position 9 adobe home in the 1870 Census. The home was just south of the site on which the Memorial Building came to stand. transaction. The 1870 census enumerator must have visited George Beck in the Position 9 home, dwelling 14, right after he visited Marcus Ericsson in the Position 10 home, dwelling 13, and just before he visited George's brother John Beck in the Position 6 home, dwelling 15. From there he proceeded to dwelling 16, the home of Gottlieb Beck in the Position 3 home, and from there to dwelling 17, the Position 23 home of William and Jane Clark. George Beck tells his story in Johann Georg Beck, Autobiography126. We arrived in Lehi October 28, 1864. When I arrived in Lehi I started to work for Israel Evans, chopping wood and hauling manure. I got nine dollars for my work for which I bought me a new hat. I then went to work for John C. Nagle (his brother-inlaw). … I took up some land at Lehi Junction where I now own seventeen and threefourths acres and rent it for a cash rent to Melvin Johnson of Lehi Third Ward…. He didn’t mention the Block 40 Position 9 dwelling, but George and Anna appear to have lived there in while he was “chopping wood and hauling manure”. The Becks must have moved to “Lehi Junction” before 1880. William Gurney’s father, 78-year-old John Gurney (1801-1888) appears to have replaced them in the Position 9 home, in dwelling 22 in the 1880 Census. John was there by himself. His wife had passed away in 1846 in England, before he migrated from England to America in 1855127. John is listed as having the “disability” of “old age”. William Gurney, from

Johann Georg Beck, Autobiography. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/7436608? returnLabel=Johann%20Georg%20Beck%20(KW66-3TC)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilys earch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKW66-3TC%26section%3Dmemo ries 126

John Gurney | Mormon Migration. (2016). Mormonmigration.lib.byu.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://mormonmigration.lib.byu.edu/mii/passenger/33878 127

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Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah128 says that William Gurney baptized his father in Lehi on 5 September, 1870. It would thus appear that John Gurney came late to Lehi and to Mormonism, some years after his son William had become established there. John Gurney and Mary Bales (1812-1846) were the parents of two children in England. Mary died in England in 1846, years before her son William sailed from England to America in 1854129. William crossed the plains to Utah that same year, apparently by himself at the age of 19 in the William Empy Company130. His father, John, migrated, likewise evidently by himself, from Liverpool to Philadelphia, in 1855131. John Gurney’s name isn’t in the Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel database132. A 60-year-old man named John Gurney was working as a farm hand and living in the home of John and Hester Pratt in dwelling 696 in St. Louis, Missouri, in the 1860 Census. If John arrived in Lehi after 1860 he may have found his son with two families there, one in the Position 14 home on Block 49 and another in the Position 25 home on Block 41. That may explain why John Gurney was living by himself in George Beck’s Position 9 home in 1880, the first home built by William Gurney in Lehi. According to William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah133, William Gurney's first home was built inside the fort. The Block 40 Position 9 home fits that description. The account also says that “part of the north fort wall" was used "for one wall of the house.” The block 40 home does not fit that description. According to

William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3890635? returnLabel=William%20Gurney%20(KWNKG6R)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWNK-G6R%26section%3Dmemories 128

(2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KWNK-G6R&parents=KWVQ-4JH_LZG8-XBW 129

Press, T. (2016). Pioneer Overland Travels. History.lds.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/search?first-name=William&last-name=Gurney&birthyear=1834&death-year=1905 130

John Gurney | Mormon Migration. (2016). Mormonmigration.lib.byu.edu. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://mormonmigration.lib.byu.edu/mii/passenger/33878 131

Press, T. (2016). Pioneer Overland Travels. History.lds.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/ 132

William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3890635? returnLabel=William%20Gurney%20(KWNKG6R)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWNK-G6R%26section%3Dmemories 133

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Van Wagoner134, an eight-rod-wide street encircled the sixteen blocks enclosed by the fort wall in Lehi. A diagram of the fort135 depicts Center Street as the eastern segment of that perimeter street. A house inside the fort that used the inside wall of the fort as one of its walls would have stood in the street itself. That would have impeded traffic and would not have been acceptable to order-loving Mormon pioneers. The wall ran along the eastern edge of Center Street with its six-foot-wide base of the wall on western edge of Block 41 itself. The Block 40 Position 9 adobe dwelling stood across the street more than eight rods (132 feet) west of the wall and could not have had one the wall of the fort as one of its walls. Furthermore, the description of the first house specified that its wall was the north wall of the fort. The Position 9 home didn't have the north wall of the fort as one of its walls. Conversely, the Block 41, Position 25 might have had part of the fort wall as one its walls. That home, rather than the Block 40, Position 9 home, may have been the first home built by William Gurney in Lehi where he and his family were found in dwelling 3439 in the 1860 Census. The Training and Logistics facility of the Lehi Fire Department at 50 North Center Street occupies the site of the Block 41, Position 25 home today. The Sanborn maps depict the home on the east side of Center Street, across the street from the Block 40 adobe homes. Block 41 lay outside the fort, so the Position 25 dwelling fails the "inside the fort" part of the description of the first home. The home's position, however, appears to have been such that it could have used the east wall of the fort as one it's walls. The Sanborn maps show the space between the Position 25 dwelling and the line representing the street to have been wide enough to accommodate the six foot base of the wall. Alvin Schow136 offers information that relates to that space. Alvin is the author of Fort Lehi Wall History 137 and the subject of Interview of Alvin Schow138. He says that The block between Center Street and 1st East is a bigger block in footage than any other block in Lehi because that Fort Wall ran through the center of the block and when they made the streets the old fort wall was there so they didn’t count that as part of the footage I guess, for a city block. But the footage between Center Street and first East is larger than any other of the city blocks.

134

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 5.

135

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 399.

Alvin Schow, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wpcontent/uploads/2014/03/Alvin-Schow.pdf 136

Fort Lehi Wall History By Alvin Schow, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/OldFortLehiWallbyAlvinSchow.pdf 137

Interview of Alvin Schow, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehiut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/AlvinSchow.pdf 138

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The wall didn't exactly run “through the center of the block,” but a glance at any map of the blocks in Lehi reveals that he’s right about the blocks between Center Street and First East Street. Those blocks are wider. Center Street was entirely within the wall and the wall itself extended along western edge of the blocks along there, including Block 41, just east of the fort. Maybe the citizens of Lehi can thank William Gurney and the fort wall for that small amount of extra space on those blocks. Like William Clark and many of the other men in Lehi in pioneer times, William Gurney had more than one wife in more than one home. Sarah Hughes (1845-1897) was a plural wife of William Gurney. Her Lehi Banner obituary139 says she joined the church in England and left for Utah in 1868. She married William on 14 March, 1870, in Salt Lake City140. She’s not to be found in the 1870 Census, but she’s 35-year-old Sarah Gurney in Lehi in dwelling 118 in the 1880 Census. Her 9-year-old daughter, Sarah Ann Gurney (1871-1946), born in Lehi on 13 January, 1871, is there with her, as are her sons, two-year-old Charles Gurney (1877-1956), and one-year-old Jesse Samuel Gurney (1879-1965). They may have been in the Block 41, Position 25 home on Center Street. It would be reasonable to suppose that William placed his second wife in first of the two homes he built in Lehi, then moved with his first wife and children into the second, larger home. Perhaps the narrators of the family history confused inside with outside in the case of the Position 25 dwelling. If so, they could as easily have confused the north wall with the east wall. Conversely, Sarah and her children could have been in the Block 40, Position 9 adobe home. They were in dwelling 118 in the 1880 Census when William’s father John Gurney (1801-1888) was dwelling 22 in Lehi in the 1880 Census. The available information doesn't appear to be sufficient to determine which of the two were in the Position 25 Block 41 home in 1880. Either Sarah or John could have been in the home, while the other was in the Block 40 Position 9 home. The contention that Sarah and her children rather than her father-in-law John were in the Position 9 home on Block 40 in 1880 is supported by the presence that year of Karren M. Pickle and her daughter Johanne in dwelling 117, next to Sarah and the children in dwelling 118. If, as seems fairly certain, Karen and her daughter were in the Block 40, Position 8 home on the future site of the Memorial Building, the presence of Sarah and her children next door in the Position 9 home would be the correct solution. That would place John Gurney in dwelling 22 in the Position 25 home on Block 41. Either solution is possible if the census taker was allowed to cross Center Street as he canvased the neighborhood. There doesn't seem to have been much to prevent him from doing that, especially since the wall, which may still have been in place in 1860, 139Lehi

Banner obituary, 13 April, 1897, Lehi Banner, 1897-04-13, Passed Away :: Lehi Banner and Lehi Sun. (2016). Udn.lib.utah.edu. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://udn.lib.utah.edu/ cdm/compoundobject/collection/lehiban/id/23335/show/23335/rec/1 (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KWNT-KP5&spouse=KWNK-G6R 140

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was surely gone from the edge of Block 41 in 1880. The Block 41, Position 25 home is depicted on the 1922 Sanborn map with the designation 25/72. It was dwelling 56 at 72 North Center. Frank E. Teller and his family were renters in the 1920 Census. William Gurney's sons Charles Gurney (1877-1956), Jesse Samuel Gurney (1879-1965) and Orin Isaac Gurney (1882-1942) were in dwelling 171 in the 1900 Census. They were situated between Caroline Bessinger in dwelling 170 in the 1900 Census, and Larsina Birgitte Christensen (1821-1901), as Sina Ericksen in dwelling 172 in the 1900 Census. Caroline Bessinger was shown above to have been in the Block 40, Position 6 home that year. Sina Ericksen was probably in the Position 10 adobe home on the west side of Center Street just south of the Position 9 home. That would seem to show that the Gurney brothers were in the Block 40, Position 9 home in 1900. Sina Ericksen, however, may have been on the East side of Center Street, probably in a home at position 20 on the 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps of Block 41, as will be shown below. That might indicate that the Gurney brothers were in the Block 41, Position 25 home in 1900. Wherever the Gurney brothers were in 1900, George Beck sold the Lot 8 property to Charles Gurney, for one dollar in 1900 141. Charles Gurney is one of the parties mentioned by Van Wagoner142 in connection with the athletic field property and indeed the Board of Education, Alpine School District did acquire the property from Charles and Julia Gurney on 30 July, 1829143. The Veterans of Foreign Wars facility attached to the South end of the Memorial Building at 55 North Center is on part the Lot 8 property once occupied by the Position 9 adobe home. The home itself appears to have stood on the site of the lawn and sidewalk between the VFW facility and Center Street. The eastern edge of athletic field, track and viewers bleachers also appear to have occupied the western extreme of the property on which the small position 9 adobe home once stood. Block 40, Position 10 Adobe Home: Marcus Ericksen The Position 10 adobe home stood south of the middle of the block facing Center Street south of the site on which the Memorial Building was built in 1921 and immediately north of what became the Main Street business district. The Position 10 adobe dwelling was dwelling 3440, the home of 52-year-old Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895) and his wife, 53-year-old Kersten Christina Christensen

141

Block 40, line 69

142

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 304.

143

Block 40, line 192

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Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895) and his wife, Kersten Christina Christensen (1806-1893), were in the Block 40, Position 10 adobe home in the 1860, 1870 and 1880 Censuses. The home was on Center Street, south of the site on which the Memorial Building came to stand. It’s occupied the the driveway north of the Main Street business district today. (1806-1893), in the 1860 Census. Ericksen received the Mayor’s Deed for the property on which the home stood, the southern half of Lot 8 on Block 40, in 1871.144 According to History of Marcus Erichsen and Kjersten Christensdatter145, Marcus and Kersten Christina’s daughter, Mette Christine Ericksen (1833-1876) and her husband Jens Peter Ipsen Benson (1831-1898) were living in Lehi at the time. They had arrived in Lehi during the move south when Mormons from Salt Lake City fled the threat of Johnston's Army during the Utah War in the spring of 1858. The Autobiography146 of English immigrant, James Harwood (1834-1912), describes the scene at the fort in Lehi. The people, having still a distrust of the officials at the head of the approaching army, decided that all living North of the point of the mountain should leave their homes for the South. They at once began to put that decision into effect, and thus began the great move so often referred to by older people. In imagination, I can look back to those times, and see a continuous stream of vehicles of all kinds—hand carts, wagons, buggies, carriages, and in fact anything and everything on wheels. 144

Block 40, line 2

History of Marcus Enrichsen and Kjersten Christensdatter, Ancestor Information. (2016). Sites.google.com. Retrieved 23 June 2016, from https://sites.google.com/site/ ancestorinformation/tree/bryan-earl-kingsford-1959/earl-kingsford/julia-elizabethbenson-1909-1999/daniel-alma-benson-1886-1954/alma-peter-benson-1860-1918/1837-kirsten-ericksen/marcus-ericksen-1808-1895/0---kingsford-family-histories---currently-sorting 145

Family Search: Autobiography, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/1183089?returnLabel=James%20Harwood%20(LDY9FCY)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DLDY9-FCY%26section%3Dmemories 146

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People were on foot and horseback; some driving a herd of cattle; another a lot of pigs; a shepherd with a flock of sheep; wagons with cows tied behind; others with a box fastened on the back with fowls of all kinds in; wagons loaded with grain and all kinds of provisions; others with all manner of farming implements, and children of all ages stringing along this side of the point of the mountain to Lehi, until every vacant spot, shed, shop, meeting house, and every house that had room for another family was occupied, and the big fort wall that surrounded the town formed one side to temporary cabins and dugouts that were hastily put up with slats, adobes, mud, or brush, until the town was full and running over. Peter Benson was with Mette Christine [named Martha, in the census], and three children in dwelling 3425 in the 1860 Census. They must have been near William and Jane Clark in dwelling 3426. Mette Christine’s parents, Marcus and Kersten Christina, had arrived in Great Salt Lake City on 20 September 1858. They settled in Lehi, reuniting with their daughter who had preceded them in the move from the families native land of Denmark to America. As noted, they were in Lehi in the 1860 Census. The Ericksens must have still been in the Position 10 home, dwelling 13, in the 1870 Census and in dwelling 23 in the 1880 Census. Kirsten Christina, is designated “Maimed, crippled, bedridden, or otherwise disabled” in the 1880 Census. Another woman, 59-year-old Larsina Birgitte Christensen (1821-1901), as Zina Erickson, was with Marcus and Kirsten Christina. She must have been Marcus’ plural wife. The unlikely date of their marriage, given her presence in his home in 1880, is given as 1893147. Marcus and Kirsten Christina both died prior to the 1900 census. Larsina was 79-year-old Sina Erickson, by herself, dwelling 172 in the 1900 Census. She was probably in the Position 10 adobe home on the West side of Center Street, but she may have been on the East side of Center Street in the home at position 20 on the 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps of Block 41. In 1882 Marcus received the Mayor’s deed for part of Lot 2 on Block 41148 . That was the property on which the Block 41 Position 20 home stood on the current site of Powell’s Automotive at 11 East Main Street. The Block 40 Position 10 home was removed after 1898. It’s not on the 1907 Sanborn map of Block 40. Block 40, Position 14 Adobe Dwelling: Anders Peterson The Position 14 adobe home stood south of the the block facing Main Street. It was the home of Anders Peterson. It was replaced by expansion of the Main Street business district.

(2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KWJP-Q4T&spouse=KWBB-XNJ 147

148

Block 41, line 12

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Anders Peterson (1808-1875) and his wife, Marna Andersdotter (1806-1879), were in the Block 40, Position 14 adobe home on Main Street in the 1870 Census. The home is said to have been the “first” adobe home built in Lehi. The site is on or very near the site now occupied by Porter’s Place restaurant at 24 West Main Street in Lehi. The Position 14 adobe home on Block 40 is described in Biography of Anders Peterson149 as the two-room adobe home of Swedish immigrant Anders Peterson (1808-1875). It’s described as having been “east of the old Telephone Office on Main Street.” It’s portrayed there in several early photographs 150. Peterson received the Mayor’s Deed for all of the lot on which the home stood, Lot 1, on 10 February, 1871151. Anders Peterson and his wife Marna Andersdotter (1806-1879) were in dwelling 9 with their son, 22-year-old “laborer”Johannes Peterson (1848-1928), in the 1870 Census. Their Block 40 neighbors that year included 41-year-old Paulinus Harvey Allred (1829-1900) of England and 40-year-old Melissa Isabell Norton (1824-1892) of Indiana and their children in dwelling 7 in the 1870 Census, and 33-year-old Biography of Anders Peterson, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/1706699? returnLabel=Anders%20Peterson%20(KWJF-589)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.or g%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWJF-589%26section%3Dmemories 149

Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/ Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-xwNxJZj, Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, Celebrations - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/Broadbent-Collection/Celebrations/isKWPqVs, Lehi Yesteryears-remembering the Cotter Building, historian, R. (2016). Lehi Yesteryears - remembering Cotter Building. Daily Herald. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http:// www.heraldextra.com/news/local/lehi-yesteryears---remembering-cotter-building/ article_16339fd6-61cb-5daa-985c-108446e0f341.html, Home of Anders and Marna Peterson, Peterson Family.jpg. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/images/13287137? returnLabel=Anders%20Peterson%20(KWJF-589)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.or g%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWJF-589%26section%3Dmemories 150

151

(Block 40, line 3)

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Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908) and his wife, Margarethe Christine Hansen (1817-1896), were in an adobe home on Block 40 at about Position 16 on Main Street in the 1870 Census. It stood at about 40 West Main Street. The home is not depicted on the Sanborn maps. Holm sold the home to Johannes Peterson (1848-1928) who replaced him there in the 1980 Census. Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908) of Denmark (as “James”) and 33-year-old Margarethe Christine Hansen (1817-1896) (as Margaret), also of Denmark, in dwelling 8 in the 1870 Census. Biography of Anders Peterson152 claims that his was “the first” adobe home in Lehi. Peterson arrived in Utah in 1862. It seems likely that others, including the Ericksens and the Clarks were living in adobe homes by then. Anders Peterson died on 20 September 1875 of injuries received from a fall from a wagon. The Block 40 property Anders Peterson acquired in 1871 passed from the “heirs of Anders Peterson” to Johannes Peterson in 1878153. On 17 November, 1886, Johannes sold part of “1 and E1/2 of 2” to Benjamin Powell154 and through the coming years the property went through numerous transactions as part of the Main Street business district. Block 40, Position 16 Adobe Dwelling: Jens Neilsen Holm, Johannes Peterson The Position 16 adobe home stood on the South side of the block facing Main Street. It had been removed before the 1890 Sanborn map was made, but census and property records clearly indicate that Jens Holm and his family had a home on the site in 1870. Holm sold the property to Johannes Peterson who lived there until

Biography of Anders Peterson, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/1706699? returnLabel=Anders%20Peterson%20(KWJF-589)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.or g%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWJF-589%26section%3Dmemories 152

153

Block 40, line 13

154

Block 40, line 14

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Johannes Peterson (1848-1928) and his wife, Rhoda Jane Ashton (1853-1913), were in a home on Block 40 not depicted on the Sanborn maps in the 1880 Census. The home must have stood on Main Street, between 16 and 17. Holm purchased the home from Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908 who had been there in the 1970 Census.

1885. The site was later encompassed by expansion of the Main Street business district. Fifth-three-year-old Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908) of Denmark (as “James”), and 53year-old Margarethe Christine Hansen (1817-1896) (as Margaret), also of Denmark, were in dwelling 8 in the 1870 Census. A biographical sketch titled Jens Holm 1818-1908155 says Holm and his wife and daughter came to Lehi July 4, 1858. Their first home was a two-room adobe building located on main street near where the Rocky Mountain Telephone Company building was later located. It must have stood on the site designated Position 16 on the 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps on the eastern one-half of Lot 2. Jens holm received the Mayor’s deed for that property on 11 February, 1871156. The 1907 Sanborn map depicts the telephone office at position 14 1/2 just east of the midline of the Block, placing it on Lot 1. The building is still standing today at 46 West Main Street. A brick building labelled “Off.” is depicted there on the 1907 map. West of that, another slightly smaller brick building labelled “Off.” is depicted on what would have been Lot 2 on the 1907 map. The Jens Holm adobe home must have been removed to make way for that small brick building. The cited Jens Holm biographical sketch says that in 1876 the Holm property on Main Street was sold to John Peterson and Jens Holm moved to a two-room adobe building on the Southwest corner of Center Street and Third North Street in Lehi. That would have placed him on Block 58 on the site of a home that stands today at 281 North Center Street. Utah County records to show that Jens Holm sold the eastern one-half

Jens Neilson Holm 1818-1908, Jens Neilson Holm 1818-1908. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/21228609? returnLabel=Jens%20Nielsen%20Holm%20(KWJFJP8)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWJF-JP8%26section%3Dmemories 155

156

Block 40, line 5

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of Lot 2 to Johannes Peterson (1848-1928)157. The result of that transaction is indicated by the lines on the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps that show the Anders Peterson Position 14 adobe dwelling on an enlarged lot that extends from Center Street three-fourths of the way to First West Street. Johannes Peterson, his wife Rhoda Jane Ashton (1853-1913), and three children, including daughter Armitta Peterson (1874-1967), were in dwelling 28 in the 1880 Census. Johannes’ father Anders Peterson died on 20 September 1875. Johannes’ mother Marna, afterward made her home with Johannes and his family until her death on 30 April 1879158. Daughter Armitta says that Johannes moved out of his parent’s home when he got married159. She says she herself was born in an adobe house one block west and half a block north of the Lehi First Ward Meeting house160. They lived there a short time until a “new home” was purchased on Main Street "about where the telephone office now stands". That description fits the location of the Anders Peterson Position 14 home, but Johannes and Rhoda Jane moved instead to another two-room adobe home on Main Street near the telephone office, the Position 16 home that had been the home of Jens Holm. Fran Clark Hafen writes that Armitta was born in an adobe house located at “300 West and 50 South,” one block west and half a block north of the Lehi First Ward or "old" Meeting House161. They lived there a short time until a two-room adobe home was purchased on the north side of Main Street, about where the telephone office now stands, described as about 100 West on Main. That fits the description of the home

157

Block 40, line 27. The date of the purchase was 20 June 1883.

Biography of Anders Peterson, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/1706699? returnLabel=Anders%20Peterson%20(KWJF-589)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.or g%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWJF-589%26section%3Dmemories 158

Armitta – Born December 12, 1874, https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/9237986? returnLabel=Armitta%20Peterson%20(KWC8XJW)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26pe rson%3DKWC8-XJW%26section%3DmemoriesARMITTA – BORN DECEMBER 12, 1874. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/ 9237986?returnLabel=Armitta%20Peterson%20(KWC8XJW)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26pe rson%3DKWC8-XJW%26section%3Dmemories 159

She says the home was owned by Andrew R. Anderson. According to Van Wagoner, Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 409, Anderson served as a councilor to Bishop Thomas R. Cutler alongside William Clark from 1888 to 1902. 160

In a history of James Leonard Clark (1901-1982), son of James and Armitta Peterson Clark. She cites a document by Gloria Stratton called The Comings and Goings of the James and Armitta Clark Family, 161

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The Log School was built by the settlers of Dry Creek/Evansville. It was later moved into the Northeast corner of fort where it stood on Block 40 at about 80 West Main Street. It was replaced by the Position 18/19 home of Paulinus Harvey Allred (1829-1900) who received title to the property in 1871. Johannes purchased from Jens Holm, but the claim that the house was at “about 100 West on Main” is not feasible. That would have placed the house squarely on the Southwest corner of the block. The address of the Merrihew Building, which was built on that corner in 1899, is variously cited as 96 or 98 West Main Street162. On 17 November, 1886, Johannes Peterson sold part of “1 and E1/2 of 2” to Benjamin Powell163. Johannes and Rhoda Jane and their children moved to a farm northeast of town on “the bench.” Through the years the Block 40 property went through numerous transactions involving property on the Main Street business district. Block 40, Position 18/19 Adobe Dwelling: Paulinus Allred The Position 18/19 adobe home stood on the Southwest corner of the block, the Northeast corner of the intersection of Main Street and First West Street. Paulinus Allred, followed by his son Isaac Harvey Allred, occupied the home until it was replaced by the Merrihew Building in 1899 which remains a landmark on the Main Street business district.

https://jacobbarlow.com/tag/historic-buildings/page/3/. Today the building is occupied by Classic Books and Gifts, Gifts, C. (2016). Classic Books AND Gifts. 1clickgifts.valleywalk.com. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://1clickgifts.valleywalk.com/gift/listing_225716.shtml 162

163

(Block 40, line 14)

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Paulinus Harvey Allred (1829-1900) and his wife, Melissa Isabell Norton (1824-1892), were in an adobe home at Position 18/19 on Block 40 in 1860 and in 1870. The home was roughly on the site on which the Log School stood. It was replaced by the Merrihew which was built on the Northeast corner of First West Street and Main Street in 1899 at 96 or 98 West Main Street. An important building described by Van Wagoner164 as the scene of church, civic, military and social gatherings was built in the fall of 1851 while the settlers were building their own log cabins on the banks of Dry Creek165. That early community on Dry Creek became known as Evansville. It straddled the creek in the vicinity of what became the intersection of Fifth West and Third North, a little north and west of the Lehi RoundupUp Rodeo Grounds. Constructed of cottonwood logs, the eighteen-by-twenty-four-foot edifice was called the Log School. The citizens of Evansville and others in the Lehi area moved their cabins to the fort in 1853. Gardner’s History of Lehi166 says the Log School was torn down and rebuilt near the Northeast corner of the fort, approximately where the Mountain States Telephone office stood in 1913. That would have placed the log structure on the North side of Main Street which is the South side of Block 40. Van Wagoner 167 says it was moved to approximately 80 West Main Street before the winter of 1854-55. He says it was converted into a theater for the first performance of the Lehi Dramatic Club on the Saturday following 16 February, 1955. James Whitehead Taylor claimed credit for the 164

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 4.

Van Wagoner, Lehi’s Thurman School Lehi Yesteryear, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/ TheThurmanSchoolbyRichardVanWagoner.pdf 165

Hamilton Gardner, 1913, History of Lehi, Including a Biographical Section, Full text of "History of Lehi, including a biographical section..". (2016). Archive.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://archive.org/stream/historyoflehiinc00gardrich/ historyoflehiinc00gardrich_djvu.txt, p. 67. 166

167

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 275.

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club168. He says that in 1854 he started a dramatic association where citizens “played many times and had lots of fun.” The Log School was in the Northeast corner of the fort, immediately south of the northern row and west of the eastern rows of cabins. It’s depicted there in a drawing of the first phase of the fort in a typescript Autobiography of James Harwood 1834-1912169 . According to Van Wagoner170 the Log School continued to be used for educational and other functions as late as 1864 when it was noted that the city council occasionally used the building. He says that the earliest property records of the Utah County Recorder’s Office show Paulinus Harvey Allred (1829-1900) owning the site of the Log School in 1871. Allred, Van Wagoner says, sold the property to Henry Joyce in 1896. No one knows precisely when the school was torn down, he says, but in 1900 S. W. Ross built a large building on the site which in 1989 was the Laney building. Paulinus Allred did receive the Mayor’s deed for the property in question, the West half of Lot 2 and all of Lot 3 in 1871171 and he did sell the property to Henry Joyce in 1896172. Henry Joyce then sold part of Lots 2 and 3 to H. B. Merrihew on 14 August, 1900173. It’s clear from the 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps of Block 40 that Paulinus Allred’s home stood at Position 18/19174, on the corner of the block on the site that appears to have included both the site of the Merrihew Building and part of that S. W. Ross “large building” east of it. Property records show that Henry Joyce sold the West half of Lot 2 and part of Lot 3 to S. W. Ross and Amanda Ross on 16 October, 1900175. James Whitehead Taylor by Anne Chambers, James Whitehead Taylor by Anne Chambers. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/ photos/stories/8788342?returnLabel=James%20Whitehead%20Taylor%20(KWJBNKB)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWJB-NKB%26section%3Dmemories 168

Autobiography of James Harwood 1834-1912. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/1183089? 169

returnLabel=James%20Harwood%20(LDY9FCY)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DLDY9-FCY%26section%3Dmemories , from the Lehi Historical Society and

Archives, Lehi Historical Society and Archives - Lehi City. (2016). Lehi City. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/community/archives/ \ 170

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 296-297.

171

Block 40, line 7

172

Block 40, line 23

173

Block 40, line 36

The dwelling actually appears to have faced west onto First West Street at position 19 on the Sanborn maps. It’s at position 18 on Main Street on the maps. 174

175

Block 40, lines 38, 39

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Jane Stevenson and Margaret Boardman and their children may well have been present at the August, 1892, funeral of their neighbor, Melissa Isabell Norton (1824-1892), the wife of Paulinus Allred. William Clark was among those who “spoke in eulogistic terms of the deceased and offered consoling remarks to the relatives and friends” at the services that were held “at the family residence”176 Melissa was with “cordmaker” Paulinus Allred and three children in Great Salt Lake, Utah Territory, in the 1850 Census. According to Paulinus Harvey Allred 1829-1900177, They moved to Lehi in 1854 where they “built an adobe home near the center of town” and raised a family of eight children. The Allred’s home was the adobe Position 18/19 dwelling. The Allreds and six children were in Lehi in dwelling 3427 in the 1860 Census. William and Jane Stevenson Clark and their seven children were nearby in dwelling 3426, the Position 23 dwelling, in the 1860 Census. The Allreds were in dwelling 7 in the 1870 Census, next to Jens Holm in dwelling 8 in the Position 16 home, who was next to Anders Peterson in dwelling 9, the Position 14 home. All were on the southern edge of Block 40 on the North side of Main Street. Melissa Isabell’s obituary asserts the day previous to her death in 1892 she walked 125 yards to see the procession on “July 25th”. It would seem that if she and Paulinus had stayed in the Position 18/19 home she would not have had to walk at all. The procession would likely have passed her home on Main Street. The Clark’s were in dwelling 20 in the 1880 Census. Their neighbors that year were Isaac Harvey Allred (1850-1923), his wife Ursula Mulliner (1854-1914), and three children in dwelling 19 in the 1880 Census. Isaac was a son of Paulinus and Melissa Isabel Allred. Isaac and Ursula appear to have moved into the Block 40 Position 18/19 adobe in which Isaac had lived with his parents. The Allred’s Position 18/19 adobe home isn't on the 1907 Sanborn map. It had been removed to make way for the building marked “Drugs” at position 18. That was the Merrihew building that had been built on the site in 1899. Paulinus Allred and William Clark were both English Mormon immigrants. Allred’s biographical sketch178 says that he grew the first stack of alfalfa hay in Lehi in 1867. That hay may have been on Lot 3, between the Allred’s adobe home at position 18, and 1892-8-27 Deseret News - Melissa Norton Allred obituary, 1892-8-27 Deseret News - Melissa Norton Allred - obituary #2.JPG. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/images/1027980? 176

returnLabel=Melissa%20Isabell%20Norton%20(KWJYX8J)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWJY-X8J%26section%3Dmemories Paulinus Harvey Allred 1829-1900, Paulinus Harvey Allred 1829 – 1900 By Debra Gunther Holley, great-great-granddaughter. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/2093095 177

Paulinus Harvey Allred 1829-1900, Paulinus Harvey Allred 1829 – 1900 By Debra Gunther Holley, great-great-granddaughter. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/2093095 178

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the Clark’s adobe home at position 23. Part of the his Lot 3 property would become part of southern end of the athletic field, but Allred had sold the western half of Lot 2 and all of Lot 3 to Henry Joyce in 1896179. The Allreds were not directly involved in any of the athletic field transactions. Van Wagoner180 mentions Christopher Hackett (1850-1936) as having had property that became part of the field. Utah County property records show that Hackett sold part of Lot 3 on Block 40 to the Alpine School District in 1829181. That would have been part of the Paulinus Allred property on what became the southern end of the field. Christopher Hackett came to America with his family from England in 1850. According to a biographical sketch called Christopher Charles Hackett182 , he settled first in Independence, Missouri. A brother, passing through Utah on the way to California, became converted to Mormonism, married and settled in Alpine, Utah. He then went back to Missouri and converted his mother and Christopher who returned with him to Utah. In 1880 Christopher moved to Lehi to operate a flour mill on the site of the future Lehi Sugar Factory, but not for long. He took his family to Wyoming, to Provo, to Alpine, to Salt Lake City and then back to Lehi. He was involved in tailoring, carpentry, milling flour and lumber, farming, merchandising, casket making and mining, all along active in church callings. Hackett was with his wife children in Alpine, Utah, in the 1900 Census and in the 1910 Census. He was at 321 North, 100 West in the 1920 Census and at 11 South Center in Lehi in the 1930 Census. It doesn't appear that he ever lived on the athletic field property. Block 40, Position 21: Southworth Building The Position 21 “dwelling” appears for the first time on the 1907 Sanborn map of Block 40. It’s at position 40 on the 1922 map. It was the building Van Wagoner183 calls the Southworth Building. He referred to it when he stated that in 1915, dentist Harold Christensen “moved his dental parlor into the new Southworth Building just north of the Lehi Drug Store” at 98 West Main Street.

179

Block 40, line 23

180

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 304.

181

Block 40, line 193

Christopher Charles Hackett, Christopher Charles Hackett. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3247791? returnLabel=Christopher%20Charles%20Hackett%20(KWZ5-322)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2 Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWZ5-322%26section%3 Dmemories 182

183

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 321.

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The Southworth Building was named for Walter Wilford Southworth (1860-1950). He was with his wife and children were in American Fork in 1910 Census. His 1950 Utah Certificate of Death184 identifies him as a “Dry Goods Store Operator - retired”. The Salt Lake Herald185 reported that Mr. Southworth was “in Lehi looking over the city with a view of opening up a general merchandise store” which appears to have been the principle use of the Southworth Building. On 12 December, 1896, Paulinus Allred sold all of the West one-half of Lot 2 and all of Lot 3 to Henry Joyce186. That would have included the Paulinus Allred adobe home on the Southwest corner of Block 40 and all of his property north to the line that separated his Lot 3 property from William Clark’s property on Lot 4 to include the property on which the Southworth Building stood. On 14 August, 1900, Henry Joyce sold part of Lots 2 and 3 to H. B. Merrihew187. That transaction would also have included the Allred house on the corner which was replaced that year by the Merrihew building on Main Street. Some portion of Lot 3 north of the Merrihew building was also included, probably that on which the Position 21/40 building stood. On 16 October, 1900, Henry Joyce sold part of the West half of Lot 2 and part of Lot 3 to Stephen W. Ross and Amanda Ross188 . Stephen William Ross (1870-1952) and his sister Amanda Jane Ross (1866-1925) established the “Ross Block” on Main Street. Van Wagoner189 presents the outcome of the 1900 transactions. Since 1901 the West portion (86 West Main) has been continuously occupied by six mercantiles: Ross & Ross, Lehi Cash Store, Watson Mercantile, Partridge Mercantile, Goodwin’s Golden Rule, and Leany’s. From 1901 to 1949 the east cubicle (80 West Main) was the Lehi Post Office. The middle section (82 West Main) has seen the greatest variety of tenants including Wadsworth’s Drug Store (1901-1906) and the State Bank of Lehi (1906-19). In the 1920s it was converted into a dentist office for Dr. Harold Christensen. It was then successfully occupied by two other dentists, Dr. J. G. Jones and Dr. Will Worlton. Sam Goodwin converted the suite into a ladies department in 1938. Then in 1944 Alex Jameson established the Certificate of Death, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-301-47525-183-12/dist.jpg? ctx=ArtCtxPublic&session=USYS3172519A01CF128380BB6172582501C1_idsesprod01.a.fsglobal.net 184

The Salt Lake Herald, The Salt Lake herald. (Salt Lake City [Utah) 1870-1909, September 12, 1902, Image 5. (1902). Chroniclingamerica.loc.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http:// chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85058130/1902-09-12/ed-1/seq-5/ #date1=1836&index=7&rows=20&words=Lehi+Southworth&searchType=basic&sequence=0&st ate=Utah&date2=1922&proxtext=Southworth+Lehi&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page =1, September 12, 1902, page 5, 185

186

Block 40, line 23

187

Block 40, line 36

188

Block 40, lines 38, 39

189

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 137.

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Lehi Bakery there. When Jameson built his own bakery building at 35 West Main in 1946 (The Bridal Shop in 1989), Leany’s expanded into the area vacated by the bakery. The 1907 Sanborn map depicts that Ross Block at positions 16 and 17 on Main Street, immediately east of and adjacent to the Merrihew Position 18 building labelled “Drugs.” As described by Van Wagoner, the Ross Block is divided into three compartments, from west to east a compartment labeled “D.G.” (dry goods), one labelled “Bank,” and one labelled “P.O.” (post office). The property on which the Merrihew and Ross Block building stood are separated by a line which indicates the line between the West half and the East half of Lot 2. The East half had previously passed from Jens Holm to Johannes Peterson who joined to the Lot 1 property Peterson had inherited from his father. That portion of the Main Street business district was developed over the years. On 1 August, 1906, Henry Joyce sold “all” of Lot 3 to the Lehi Cash Store 190. According to Van Wagoner191 , the Lehi Cash Store had opened in January, 1904, at 86 West Main. Van Wagoner192 says it was a dry goods mercantile. It moved into what he calls the former Ross & Ross quarters in 1904. The corporations officers included Walter W. Southworth. That indicates that the Position 21, 40 North, First West building was built on property obtained by The Lehi Cash Store from Henry Joyce in 1906. It must have been built in 1906 or 1907. It’s the building Van Wagoner 193 called the “new Southworth Building just north of the Lehi Drug store (98 West Main).” According to Van Wagoner194 early Lehi dentist Dr. Johan Nicolai Christensen (1836-1914) maintained an office in the Lehi Hotel Building at 394 West Main during 1896. His son, Harold D Christensen (1888-1955), established himself in the former Steele Building at 60 West Main in 1913. This became a branch office of Utah Power and Light in 1915 and Dr. Christensen moved his dental parlor into the Southworth Building.

190

Block 40, line 62

191

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 17

192

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 134.

193

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 321.

194

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 321.

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1898 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 49. The home of Margaret Boardman (1840-1894), the adobe dwelling at position 67 on the southwest quarter of the block, is on the site of the current Lehi Legacy Center at 123 North Center Street. The corral on the extreme southwest corner of the block at position 54 belonged to William Clark. It was the original site of the Pioneer Monument erected to commemorate the old fort wall. Dr. Harold Christensen, was in dwelling 167 at 507 North, 100 West in the 1920 Census, listed as “Dentist”

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 49, 1907. The jail, the Lehi Primary School, and the Samuel Joseph Taylor (1862-1921) home/public library are depicted. with his “Own Office.” He was in dwelling 9 in the 1930 Census at 240 North, First West. It does not appear that Dr. Christensen ever used the Southworth Building as his residence. The fact that the “house” was a dental parlor during at least part of the period between 1910 and 1930 might explain why the building doesn't appear as a dwelling in the census records for those years. 63 of 78

Block 49 Pioneer Adobe Homes Block 49 was laid out immediately north of the Northeast corner of the fort. A library, the Lehi Grammar and Primary Schools and finally the Lehi Legacy Center and Pioneer Park came to occupy an expanded Block 49. Like the other blocks outside the fort, Block 49 was divided into four equal-sized lots. Mayor’s Deeds were extended by Mayor William H. Winn to individuals for three of the four lots on Block 49 in 1871. Mayor Andrew R. Anderson issued a Mayor’s Deed for the fourth lot in 1879. Lot 1, Elizabeth McIntyre, 1/27/71 (Block 49, line 3) Lot 2, William Clark, 1/21/71 (Block 49, line 1) Lot 3, S1/2, William Clark, 1/21/71 (Block 49, line 1) Lot 3, N1/2, City of Lehi, 11/1/79 (Block 49, line 5) Lot 4, William Gurney, 1/27/71 (Block 49, line 2) The lots were occupied by individuals, an estray pound and a jail at the indicated Sanborn map positions. The dwellings and other entities were replaced by the facilities indicated. Positions 1-4 on Second North Street, Estray pound, followed by Grammar School, followed by Legacy Center Position 6, on Second North Street, Lehi City Jail, followed by Grammar School, followed by Lehi Legacy Center. William Gurney, Position 14 on Second North Street, followed by Primary School, followed by Lehi Legacy Center. Position 12 on Center Street, Peter and Elizabeth McIntyre, followed by William Francis Gurney family, followed by Samuel J. Taylor family home and public library. Position 67 on First West Street, Margaret Boardman Clark, followed by Lehi Grammar School, followed by Lehi Legacy Center. Block 49, Positions 1-7: Estray Pound and Jail A brick structure at Position 6 labelled “Jail” is a prominent feature on Block 49 on the 1898 and 1907 maps. The jail had been in place since 1893, according to Van Wagoner195, who also says that the lot west of it, on the Southeast corner of Second North Street and First West Street had been the site of the city estray pound since 1879. That explains why the Mayor’s Deed was issued to the city that year196. Estray, in law, is any domestic animal found wandering at large or lost, particularly if the owner is 195

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 56.

196

Block 49, line 5

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unknown. Stray horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, and other animals were held until owners either paid the fines or the unclaimed animals could be sold for expenses 197. William Clark served as pound keeper in Lehi for a time. William Clark’s possession of the southern half of Lot 3 would have provided a buffer zone between the home of his plural wife and the strays and the jail inmates. According to Van Wagoner198, the Alpine school district obtained the jail lot on Second North Street then demolished the building on 13 October 1909. The Grammar School was built on the property in 1910199 . Block 49, Position 14 Adobe Dwelling: William Gurney Thirty-five-year-old William Gurney (1834-1905), his 29-year-old wife Julia Jean (1840-1900), and their four children were in dwelling 56 in Lehi the 1870 Census. Ten years later they and their seven children were in dwelling 99 in the 1880 Census. They were in the second of two Lehi homes built by William Gurney in Lehi both years. William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah200 explains how William migrated from England and arrived in Great Salt Lake City in 1854 where he remained for a short time before moving to Lehi. William and Julia Jean had been in the first of William’s two Lehi homes in dwelling 3439 in the 1860 Census. That home was on Block 40, the block south of Block 49, as explained above under the discussion of the Block 40, Position 9 home. William Gurney received the Mayor’s

Estray, Estray. (2016). Wikipedia. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Estray 197

198

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 59.

History of the Lehi School District Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/ HistoryoftheLehiSchoolDistrictprint.pdf 199

William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah, William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3890635? returnLabel=William%20Gurney%20(KWNKG6R)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26per son%3DKWNK-G6R%26section%3Dmemories 200

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Peter McIntyre (1790-1872) and his wife, Elizabeth Marie Colville (1802-1874), were in a home on Block 49 at position 12/42 on the Northwest corner of First North Street and Center Street in the 1860 Census. Elizabeth Marie was still there in 1870 but her grandson, William Francis Gurney (1859-1942), replaced her with his family in 1880. The home of Samuel Joseph Taylor (1862-1921) replaced the McIntyre home. It became the first public library in Lehi. Deed for Lot 4 on Block 49 in Lehi in 1871201 . His family home that year was the dwelling depicted at Position 14 on Block 49 on the 1898 Sanborn map. It stood on the Southwest corner of the intersection of Second North Street and Center Street. Unlike William Gurney’s first home in Lehi, which was built inside the Lehi fort wall, the second home was one block north of the Northeast corner of the wall. The Lehi Primary School was built on the site of the Position 14 home in 1905 202. The Gurney’s home must have been removed some time before that. The school, but not the Position 14 home, is depicted on the Northeast quadrant of the block on the 1907 Block 49 Sanborn map. Block 49, Position 12/42 Dwelling203 : Peter McIntyre, William Francis Gurney Elizabeth Marie Colville (1802-1874) was from the Isle of Jersey, Channel Islands. Under the name Elizabeth McIntyre she received the Mayor’s Deed for Lot 1, the Southeast quarter of Block 49, in 1871204. She was with her husband Peter McIntyre (1790-1872) in dwelling 3438 in the 1860 Census, and at age 61 she was by herself in dwelling 37 in the 1870 Census. She was probably in the dwelling depicted on Block 49 at position 12/42 on the 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps both years. 201

Block 49, line 2

History of the Lehi School District Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/ HistoryoftheLehiSchoolDistrictprint.pdf 202

The 1890 Sanborn depicts a small wood frame dwelling at position 12 on Center Street. The 1898 map shows a larger wood frame dwelling on the same site, at about position 42 on First North Street. 203

204

Block 49, line 3

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Samuel Joseph Taylor (1862-1921) and his wife, Sarah Coleman Evans (1864-1946), were in a home on Block 49 at position 12/42 in 1900. Their home became Lehi’s first public library. The home was later replaced by tennis courts and is now the scene of the Lehi Pioneer Part, south and west of the Lehi Legacy Center that stands at 123 North Center Street and north of the Memorial Building at 55 North Center Street. That wooden frame building was on the Northwest corner of the intersection of Center Street and First North Street. Elizabeth was William Gurney’s mother in law, Julia Jean’s mother. Her husband, 80-year-old Peter McIntyre, was with a daughter in Toole, Utah, in the 1870 Census, which is probably why the Mayor’s Deed went to Elizabeth instead of to Peter in 1871. Elizabeth died in 1874. After that, the eldest son of William and Julia Gurney, 21-yearold William Francis Gurney (1859-1942), appears to have moved into his grandparent’s old home with his wife, 23-year-old Sarah Emma Webb (1856-1899). They were in dwelling 100 in the 1880 Census. That year William and Julia Jean Gurney were just north of William Francis and Sarah Emma with seven of William Francis’ younger siblings in dwelling 99 in the 1880 Census. The Block 49 Lot 1 property passed through various hands until it was deeded to Sarah Coleman Evans (1864-1946) (as Sarah Taylor) in 1887205 along with an apparently adjacent portion of Lot 1 that was sold by William Gurney to her husband, Samuel Joseph Taylor (1862-1921), in 1890206. The Taylor’s were in dwelling 199 in the 1900 Census and in dwelling 457 in the 1910 Census. Both years they were in a large brick dwelling at Position 42 on First North that appears to have replaced the McIntyre’s older wood frame home. The Taylor’s home stood south of the Primary School. It's the only dwelling on Block 49 on the 1907 Sanborn map, the rest of the block being occupied by the Lehi Primary School, the Jail and by evidently vacant space where the Lehi

205

Block 49, line 11

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Block 49, line 12

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Grammar School would be built a few years in the future. The Taylor’s home later became the Lehi Public Library. Van Wagoner 207 describes the history. A real bargain came in the fall of 1915 when the Alpine School Board offered the Samuel J. Taylor home to the city with one year rent free. This house, built on the Northwest corner of First North and Center Streets in 1898, served as the Lehi Public Library for six years. In 1930 when construction of the high school athletic field necessitated permanent closure of First North between Center and First West, the Taylor home was demolished. Tennis courts were later built on the site. The house is depicted on the 1922 Sanborn map along with the Primary and Grammar Schools. A Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection has a photograph the inside the of the first library in Lehi208 . According to Van Wagoner209 the Grammar School and the Primary School were razed and by late summer of 1956 all that remained on Block 49 to remind former students of their school days was the heating plant with its smokestack and a small cement drinking fountain north of the tennis courts that replaced the Taylor's home/library. The tennis courts were subsequently replaced by the Lehi Pioneer Park south and east of the Lehi Legacy Center. Block 49, Position 67 Adobe Dwelling: Margaret Boardman William Clark (1825-1910) and his plural wife Margaret Boardman (1840-1894) were married on 20 April, 1867 in Salt Lake City. On an unknown date after that Margaret

207

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 80.

Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/ Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-xcbrvqB 208

209

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 303.

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Margaret Boardman (1840-1894) was a plural wife of William Clark (1825-1910). Census records show that she was with her children in an adobe home on First West Street at position 67 on Block 49 in 1870 and in 1880. The home was removed before 1910 when the Lehi Grammar School was built on the site that is now occupied by the Lehi Legacy Center. James Clark (1875-1939) was with his mother, Margaret Boardman (1840-1894), in the Block 49, Position 67 home on First West Street in 1870 and in 1880. He married Armitta Peterson (1874-1967) in 1895 and spent the first few years of his married life in the pioneer adobe home of his father, William Clark (1825-1910), in the Position 23 adobe home on First West Street on Block 40. That home was replace in 1930 by the Lehi High School/Junior High School athletic field. the site is now the Lehi Legacy Center parking lot.

moved into the home Position 67 adobe home on Block 49. Her home was separated from the Position 23 pioneer adobe home of William Clark on Block 40 by First North Street and by at least a portion of the 12-foot-high, 6-foot-wide Lehi fort wall constructed in 1854 that ran along the southern edge of Block 49. Margaret’s home was north of the part of the block depicted on the 1890 Sanborn map, but it's on on the 1898 map on First West Street, a few feet south of the center of the block. Twenty-nine-year-old Margaret was in dwelling 76 in the 1870 Census with 2year-old Thomas Henry Clark (1868-1939), the eldest of the three children she bore to William Clark. She was still in the home with 12-year-old Thomas Henry, 9-year-old

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Mary Jane Clark (1870-1948) and 4-year-old James Clark (1875-1939) in dwelling 140 in the 1880 Census. According to an undated account at William Clark (1825-1910) and His Family 210, Margaret’s home in Lehi “was built for her on the site where the grammar grade school building now stands.” The Lehi Grammar School 211, is depicted on the northwest quarter of Block 49 on the 1907 and 1922 Sanborn maps. It stood entirely on Lot 3. William Clark received the Mayor's deed for the property, the southern one-half of Lot 3, along with all of Lot 2 on Block 49, on 27 January, 1871212. The space on which the Position 67 adobe home and other structures had been depicted on the West side of the block on the 1898 Sanborn map is blank on the 1907 map. Margaret’s small adobe home was slightly south of the line separating Lot 3 from Lot 2. It stood several feet south and west of the future site of school building itself. A significant portion of the mud fort wall must have been in place when William Clark established Margaret Boardman in the Position 67 adobe home on Block 49. Her home stood north of a corral on the corner and a little more than half a block north of the wall. According to Richard Van Wagoner213 the last remaining section of the wall was demolished in 1905. Andrew Fjeld (1866-1955) initiated the formation of a committee to erect a monument commemorating the historic structure. Andrew Bjrring Anderson (1866-1962) wrote214 that dedicatory services were held in the Lehi Tabernacle at 10 a.m. on 26 November, 1908. A capacity audience of past and present citizens of Lehi witnessed the dedication of the Lehi pioneer monument and payed tribute to the men who built the Fort Wall. Van Wagoner says the Pioneer Monument was erected on the northeast corner of the intersection of First West Street and First North Street215.

William Clark (1825-1910) and His Family, (2016). Dkwilde.com. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://dkwilde.com/Genealogy/Clark/William_Clark.pdf 210

Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, search. (2016). Hutchingsmuseum.smugmug.com. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http:// hutchingsmuseum.smugmug.com/search/? searchWordsShort=grammar+school&searchType=InAlbum&AlbumID=11144102&x=-1121&y=26 211

Block 40, line 1. … Also lot 2 and S 1/2 of Lot 3 in Block 49 Area 1, 20/160 Acres. Situate in Section 17, Township 5 S Range 1.E. … 212

213

Monument to Fort Wall holds treasures from 1908, Lehi Free Press, 23 May 1990

214

Lehi Free Press, 4 April, 1947. The Old Fort Wall

Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/ Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-xwNxJZj depicts the monument with the Grammar and Primary Schools and Lehi Tabernacle. 215

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Census records show that Orrin Porter Rockwell (1813-1878) and his family were in Lehi in 1860. The home of the “immortal Nazarite commissioned by God to protect the Prophet Joseph” is said to have been located north of the statue that honors him in the Lehi Pioneer Park. That would place him on Block 49. File:OPRockwell.png - Wikimedia Commons. (1832). Commons.wikimedia.org. Retrieved 21 June 2016, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/File:OPRockwell.png According to Anderson, the last remnant of the wall had been located on the southern edge of the block which would have placed them on Lot 2 on Block 49, just south of Margaret’s home. Anderson says that clearance of the buildings on the Southwest corner of the lot "erased the last remains of the historic protection and revealed the last vestige” of the fort wall “hidden in the farmer’s corral.” That corral must have belonged to farmer William Clark. It’s depicted at position 18 on the 1890 Sanborn map and at position 54 on the 1898 map of Block 49. It was on the extreme southwest corner Lot 2 on property for which William Clark had received the Mayor’s deed in 1871216. In 1897 William Clark sold the property on which the “last vestige” of the wall stood for $1.00 to his stepson Stephen W. Ross217 . Ross in turn sold the property to Lehi School District No. 12 on 17 June 1910218. The property had apparently been cleared before the 1910 sale. The 1907 Sanborn map of Block 49 shows the Southwest corner of the block vacant. Before the Mayor’s Deeds: Orrin Porter Rockwell and Charles Barnes Jr Before the Mayor’s Deeds and before the 1898 Sanborn map, one of William Clark’s most famous neighbors, Orrin Porter Rockwell (1813-1878), had a home in Lehi. Rockwell was on the scene when William and Jane were residing on Block 40 at the time of the 1860 Census. The Clarks were in dwelling 3426 and “herdsman” Rockwell and his family were in 216

Block 49, line 1

217

Block 49, line 17

218

Block 49, line 27

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The large building on the left is the Lehi Grammar School. The Lehi Tabernacle in the center background, the Lehi Primary School on the behind the heating plant with the tall smoke stack. The Pioneer Monument that marked the site of the remains of the old fort found in William Clark’s corral is visible at the far right on the corner of First West and First North. From Lehi Historical Society and Archives. dwelling 3518 in the 1860 Census. According to People and their place in the History of Lehi219, Rockwell “owned the block where the Legacy Center is.” That’s probably a slight exaggeration, but the assertion that he “built his home outside the Lehi Fort” is not. A plaque on the wall in the “Wild West Room” in the Hutchings Museum220 says that Rockwell moved to Lehi during the summer of 1858, shortly after the Utah Expeditionary Force arrived in Cedar Valley and that his residence was on property immediately north of the Pioneer Monument.

People and their place in the History of Lehi, Q-T, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ PeopleandtheirplaceintheHistoryofLehiQ-T2.pdf 219

Review of Lehi Sugar Factory, Wild West Room, Native American Room by Joanna Fisher ExhibitFiles. (2016). Exhibitfiles.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.exhibitfiles.org/ lehi_sugar_factory_wild_west_room_native_american_room 220

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The Pioneer Monument in its original position that marked the site of the remains of the old fort found in William Clark’s corral. The photographer is standing northwest of the monument looking to the southeast. The barn in the background on the right would have been on William Clark’s property. The house visible to the left of the monument would have been on the south side of First North Street. It must be the Position 3, Johann Gottlieb Beck/ William Wheeler Clark/ James Edgar Ross/ Hyrum Timothy/ Lehi School District 12/ Mary A. Stickney/ Joseph Andreason pioneer adobe adobe home on Block 40. From 1950 Lehi Centennial History, p. 202, Lehi Historical Society and Archives. Since the plaque is undated and the monument in question has occupied three different positions since it was erected in 1908, it’s not certain where the property immediately north of the monument actually was located. The Pioneer Monument221 is an obelisk that once stood on the site of William Clark’s corral. It stands today in the center of Lehi Pioneer Park north of the John Hutchings Museum of Natural History. Van Wagoner222 has a photograph of the monument. He asserts that it was first erected on First North Street between Center Street and First West Street, “near the Grammar School.” Its visible there in the Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection 223 photograph previously mentioned, just south of the Grammar School, and in a photograph in the Lehi Centennial History224. If Rockwell’s place was “immediately north” of the monument when it stood at that spot, he would have been on Lot 2 or on Lot 3, possibly on ground that William Clark acquired in 1871. It’s more likely that the plaque identifying the site of the Porter Rockwell home refers to either the second or the third locations occupied by the monument. The second location was just north of the Carnegie Library.

(2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/ 2011/04/Legacy-Center-with-monument.jpg 221

222

Pioneering Lehi City: A 150-Year Pictorial History, 2001, p. 109.

Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, search. (2016). Hutchingsmuseum.smugmug.com. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http:// hutchingsmuseum.smugmug.com/search/? searchWordsShort=grammar+school&searchType=InAlbum&AlbumID=11144102&x=-1121&y=26 223

224

p. 202.

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Charles Barnes Jr. (1827-1911) is said to have had a “one-room log-cabin” near the northeastern corner of the fort, at 100 North, 100 West in Lehi. That may have been on or near the site of a corral that came to belong to William Clark (1825-1910). The Lehi Pioneer Monument, erected in 1908 on the Northeast corner of First West Street and First North Street, was on the site of the last remnant of the fort wall in that corral. It stood there ringed by rock or cement that appears as a small light circle with a dark center on a 1993 aerial photograph from Google Earth. It was the near center of the eastern edge of the by then conjoined Block40/49. In that position the monument is also visible in a photograph of the Grammar School in flames, just west of the acrobatic girls just south of the tennis courts on Center Street. According to Van Wagoner 225, the tennis courts were built in 1934. If that was the monument position referred to on the plaque, Rockwell’s home could have been on Lot 1, the Southeast quadrant of Block 49. Elizabeth McIntyre received the Mayor’s Deed for Lot 1 in 1871226. In 1860 she was with her husband in dwelling 3438 on Lot 1 in the small frame dwelling on the Southeast corner of the block at Position 12 on the 1890 Sanborn map. The Rockwell census position, dwelling 3518, would seem to have placed him at a considerable distance from the McIntyres. Nevertheless, if he was “immediately north of the Pioneer Monument” in its second position, he couldn't have been far from them. It’s also possible that Rockwell was a little further north on Block 49. He could have been on Lot 4, the Northeast quadrant of the block. That was the property deeded to Elizabeth McIntyre’s son-in-law William Gurney in 1871 227. William and his family were in dwelling 56 in the 1870 Census. That was the adobe home depicted at Position 14 on the 1898 Sanborn map. They had not been there in the 1860 Census, so Rockwell may have been on Lot 4 instead of the Gurney’s in 1860. All of this also applies if the site of monument referred to on the Wild West Room plaque is its third position, the one it occupies today, in the center of Pioneer Park. That position 225

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 23.

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Block 49, line 3

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Block 49, line 2

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is a little west and a little north of the second position. All three positions keep Rockwell on Block 49. The second and third are the most likely. Another neighbor of William Clark in Lehi was Charles Barnes Jr. (1827-1911). Like William Clark himself, Barnes was a Mormon convert from England. Jonah Ryan Barnes228 says that Charles had a “one-room log-cabin” near the northeastern corner of the fort, at 100 North, 100 West in Lehi. His property, Jonah says, shared a fence line with Orrin Porter Rockwell whom he describes as “an immortal Nazarite commissioned by God to protect the Prophet Joseph, and an appointed territorial U. S. Marshal-for-life who purportedly killed more men than Jesse James, Wyatt Earp and Billy the Kid combined.” According to Barnes, “Rockwell’s monument stands on his own property in Lehi today, across the fence from Charles’ original homestead.” That, of course, was just outside the fort. “Herdsman” Porter Rockwell and his family were in dwelling 3518 in the 1860 Census, while “Cooper” Charles Barnes was with his family in dwelling 3517 in the 1860 Census. If Barnes’ “one-room log-cabin” was at 100 North and 100 West in Lehi, it must have been on property that would later become the Block 49 property on which William Clark’s corral was located. Later, according to Jonah229, Charles Barnes left his city residence and moved his family to a cabin located on the bench just northeast of the cemetery, about where Lehi Jr. High School stands today at 700 Cedar Hollow Road. The Hutching’s Museum plaque narrative asserts that Rockwell didn't stay long in Lehi. He had settled there in order to take advantage of business opportunities afforded by nearby Camp Floyd. Rockwell moved his family to his Hot Springs Brewery Hotel near the present Utah State Penitentiary when Camp Floyd closed in 1861. Epilogue The earliest residents of the pioneer adobe homes on the Memorial Building and Legacy Center blocks encountered in this study were Mormon immigrants from Europe. William Clark came from England. He arrived in Lehi in November of 1853. The Clarks were part of a general influx. The population of Lehi had grown to about 500 persons by

The New Barnes Household, The New Barnes Household. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/2467084? returnLabel=Charles%20Barnes%20Jr. %20(KWJH-17L)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dance stor%26person%3DKWJH-17L%26section%3Dmemories 228

The Barnes Family Prospers, The Barnes Family Prospers. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/2474456? returnLabel=Charles%20Barnes%20Jr. %20(KWJH-17L)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dance stor%26person%3DKWJH-17L%26section%3Dmemories 229

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the end of that year230 . It’s safe to assume others were living in various accommodations on Block 40 at the time of their arrival, but available records indicate the Clarks got there ahead of the others encountered there in this study. Four of them families, like William Clark, were from England. Paulinus Allred, Charles Barnes and William Gurney came from there in 1854. Margaret Boardman came to Utah in 1866. She became William Clark’s plural wife soon afterward and must have become established on the Legacy City block soon after that. Mormon converts John, George and Gottlieb Beck came to Utah from Germany in 1864. They became William Clark’s near neighbors a few years later. In 1882 John Beck sold his home to one of his business partners, fellow German immigrant Thomas Biesinger, who had migrated to Utah in 1880. Numerous immigrants from the Scandinavian countries settled in Lehi. Among them were Marcus Ericksen and Karen Maren Neilson and her daughter, Johanna Fagerström, aka, Hannah Pickle from Denmark, and Anders Peterson from Sweden. Peterson came to Lehi in 1862. He became a near neighbor of the Ericksens who had been in Lehi since 1858. Thomas McIntyre, from Scotland, came also came to Lehi in 1858. He settled on the Legacy Center block north of the Ericksens and the Petersons who were on the Memorial Building block. The homes of these immigrant families were at least two blocks away from the the first Lehi LDS Meeting House that was built between 1855 and 1860 in the center of the fort. It stood until 1972 on the Southwest corner of the intersection of First South Street and Second West Street 231. Van Wagoner 232 says William Clark did the interior plaster work on the building. Most likely the other residents of the Memorial Building and Legacy Center blocks also participated in the construction of the building. Undoubtedly all of them gathered there from time to time for church services and for civic and other social functions. Presumably they communicated with each other there in English. William Clark and the other Englishmen might have had slightly different accents from different parts of the mother country, but those would have been insignificant as compared to the accents and customs the Danes, the Swedes, the Germans and the Scottish and others brought to the meetings. The differences were insignificant. The early pioneers worked together to establish the settlement that has grown to accommodate a population in excess of 47,407233 persons. Timeline of Lehi. Retrieved 10 June 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/ 2014/03/TimelineofLehi.pdf 230

Retrieved 10 June 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ MeetingHouse.pdf 231

232

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, pp. 91, 225.

233

2010 figure, according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lehi,_Utah, Retrieved 10 June 2016.

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There are now scores of LDS meeting houses in Lehi and in the surrounding communities. The Legacy Center and the Memorial Building with the Hutchings Museum have taken over part of the function served by the old pioneer meeting house. The old residents of the blocks wouldn't have as far to travel to their meetings if their old adobe homes could somehow have been preserved. They weren’t, of course. They were removed and forgotten. Many of the descendants of those Block 40 and Block 49 pioneers live in Lehi today. Odds are many of them are unaware that their ancestors lived where they now gather for recreation and instruction in the Lehi Legacy Center and in the Memorial Building/ Hutchings Museum. Maybe the feelings of love and admiration the often tedious details I’ve presented here will be as interesting and meaningful to them as they are to me.

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