Pioneer Adobe Homes on the Memorial Building and Legacy Center Blocks1 in Lehi, Utah Territory

Wayne E. Clark2 , 2016

Sixty log cabins were brought from the Dry Creek and Lottville settlements that composed the newly incorporated northern Utah County city of Lehi to a common central location for security in 18533. The following year, sixteen city blocks and associated streets in this Lehi City fort were laid out and surrounded by a 12The photograph of the Memorial Building and Legacy Center blocks is from the Lehi Historical Society and Archives. 1

2

[email protected]

3

Hamilton Gardner, 1913, History of Lehi, Including a Biographical Section, Full text of "History of Lehi, including a biographical section..". (2016). Archive.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// archive.org/stream/historyoflehiinc00gardrich/historyoflehiinc00gardrich_djvu.txt, p. 67. Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 5.

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foot-high mud fort wall4. The block on which the Memorial Building block would be built years later was designated Block 16. It was the northeastern-most of the sixteen blocks in the fort. Beginning in 1861, when property outside the fort was surveyed and laid out into city blocks, Block 16 became and remains Block 40. The Legacy Center block just north of the Memorial Block became and remains Block 49. The log houses and dugouts of the early settlers5 were gradually replaced by homes made of 4X6X12 adobe bricks or “dobies” made of clay sediment formed at the bottom of historic Lake Bonneville6. Traveling through Lehi in 1860, Sir Richard Burton described the town with its multitude of small log, mud, and adobe Any existing records that might have specified how ownership of land in Lehi was determined in the early days of settlement are unknown to me, but two early pioneers left accounts that relate to the matter. James Whitehead Taylor (1819-1891) says he built the first house on a city lot after it was laid off as a city. James Whitehead Taylor by Anne Chambers (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/8788342? returnLabel=James%20Whitehead%20Taylor%20(KWJBNKB)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWJB-NKB%26section%3Dmemories. Canute Peterson (1824-1902) suggests a more formal process. He say Bishop David Evans (1804-1883) “alloted” to him 20 acres of plow land and 5 acres of grass land on which he commenced plowing and sowing and making ditches and fences. Story of the Llife of Canute Peterson, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/patron/ v2/TH-303-42264-253-95/dist.pdf? ctx=ArtCtxPublic&session=USYS1F5B66BE55DF7C049094BF542FC088D2_idses-prod03.a.fsglobal.net 4

The following heads of household had adobe homes on the Lehi Memorial Building and Lehi Legacy Center blocks prior to their transformation from the scene of pioneer residences and farmsteads to public and commercial facilities: Isaac Harvey Allred (1850-1923); Paulinus Harvey Allred (1829-1900); Johannes Beck (1843-1913); Johann Georg Beck (1848-1933); Johann Gottlieb Beck (1836-1920); Thomas Biesinger (1844-1931); Margaret Boardman Clark (1840-1894); George Brough (1823-1914); Larsina Birgitte Christensen (1821-1901) [widow of Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895)]; William Clark (1825-1910); William Wheeler Clark (1855-1934); John Floyd Comer (1892-1943); Robert Dunn (1818-1885); Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895); John Gurney (1801-1888); William Gurney (1834-1905); William Francis Gurney (1859-1942); Carolina Hertkorn Biesinger (1826-1904) [widow of Thomas Biesinger (1844-1931)]; Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908); Sarah Hughes Gurney (1845-1897); James McGaw (1824-1872); Peter McIntyre (1790-1872); Karen Maren Nielson Pickel (1841-Deceased) [widow of Leonard Samuel Pickel (1806-1881) and mother of Johannah Fagerstrom (1871-1960), aka, Hannah Pickle]; Anders Peterson (1808-1875); Johannes Peterson (1848-1928); James Edgar Ross (1867-1942); Samuel Joseph Taylor (1862-1921); Hyrum Timothy (1863-1944). 5

Making Adobe Bricks. (2016). Desertphile.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://desertphile.org/ adobe/brick.htm 6

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buildings intertwined with gardens, as a “rough miniature of G[reat] S. L. City, in which the only decent house was the bishop’s7.” The Memorial Building block and the Legacy Center block were originally separated by First North Street and by the fort wall. The wall was long gone by 1930 when First North Street was closed to traffic and the two-block entity in the civic and cultural center of Lehi was formed. The Legacy Center now stands on northernmost portion of the two-block complex. Previously the site of that community center had been occupied the Lehi Primary School, built in 19058, and the Lehi Grammar School, built in 19109. The Memorial Building, built between 1921 and 192610, occupies the Northeastern portion of its block. The parking lot that occupies the Western portion of the block was formerly occupied by the Lehi High School/Junior High School athletic field which had been installed in 1930. The Southern portion of block is today occupied by a major portion of the Lehi downtown business district.

7

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 11

History of the Lehi School District Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/HistoryoftheLehiSchoolDistrictprint.pdf 8

History of the Lehi School District Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/HistoryoftheLehiSchoolDistrictprint.pdf 9

The library portion was dedicated on 30 December 1921. The Memorial Building proper, to which the library was attached, was dedicated on 31 May 1926. Lehi Memorial Building Hutchings Museum of Natural History, Retrieved 6 June 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/ LehiMemorialBuilding.pdf 10

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The earliest known “official” records of property ownership in Lehi are LDS Church consecration deeds11. By means of these conveyances, signed between 1856 and 1858, at least 85 early Lehi settlers, men and a few women, consecrated their properties to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Most of them listed the block and lot numbers on which their homes in the fort stood12. Richard Van Wagoner13 explains the origins of later, more complete, records of land ownership in the Utah Territory. During the 1867-69 administration of Mayor Israel Evans, all land in the surveyed Lehi township was registered with the Federal Land Office. This allowed Lehi land owners to obtain deeds to their property for the first time. Mayor’s deeds were first issued on Lehi lots during the administration of Mayor William H. Winn in 1869-75.

Early Mormon Settlers in Lehi, Utah, Consecrated their Properties to their Church, https:// drive.google.com/file/d/0B5wDxipAGQN2ZGNSY1JfOFBxZWs/view?usp=sharing. Forty-nine (58%) of the 85 Lehi consecration deed signatories are represented in the 1860 Census. Descendants (sons, spouses, or others) may have been in the 1857 homes in 1860. Some of these have been identified and included in the 49 count. Early Lehi settlers bought and sold properties before these consecration deeds were drawn up and signed. None of the histories of Lehi mention records of any such transactions, and my searches, including numerous inquiries on the subject directed at people with knowledge of the history of the town have turned up nothing. The absence of records may have been due to a scarcity of paper in Lehi. Apparently the only available paper in Lehi in earliest days of settlement was in a book in which John Fotheringham (1792-1880) [John’s son, William Fotheringham (1826-1913), lived in Lehi at the time. He relates that the paper came from his father’s book in The Early History of Lehi.] had kept his records as a Taylor in England. [Hamilton Gardner, 1913, History of Lehi, Including a Biographical Section, Full text of "History of Lehi, including a biographical section..". (2016). Archive.org. Retrieved from https:// archive.org/stream/historyoflehiinc00gardrich/historyoflehiinc00gardrich_djvu.txt.] The book was partly full of notations, but as occasion demanded, leaves were torn from it and supplied to Bishop Evans who was busy laying out the blocks and assigning building lots to settlers. These “leaves” do not appear to have survived to the present. 11

Block 49, the current Lehi Legacy Center block, was outside the Lehi City fort. No consecration deeds listed homes on property outside the fort. The following four individuals listed property on the Memorial Building Block, Block 16(40): George Brough (1823-1914), Lot 7; William Clark (1825-1910), Lot 6; Robert Dunn (1818-1885), Lot 5; James McGaw (1824-1872), Lot 6. 12

13

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, pp. 10-11.

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Records of these Mayor’s deeds are preserved in the Recorder’s Office, Utah County Office of Land Records14. The abstract book shows that seven individuals received Mayor’s deeds to property on Block 40 in Lehi in January and February, 187115. Paulinus H. Allred, W1/2 of lot 2, all of lot 3 (Block 40, line 7) George Beck, N1/2 of lot 8 (Block 40, line 4) John Beck, all of lot 6 (Block 40, line 6) William Clark, all of lots 4, 5 and 7 (Block 40, line 1) Marcus Erickson, S1/2 of lot 8 (Block 40, line 3) Jens Holm, E1/2 of lot 2 (Block 40, line 5) Anders Peterson, all of lot 1 (Block 40, line 3)

The eight building lots on Block 40 were assigned to the seven individuals as follows. Lot 1 (all) Anders Peterson (Block 40, line 3) Lot 2 (E1/2) Jens Holm (Block 40, line 5) Lot 2 (W1/2) Paulinus Allred (Block 40, line 7) Lot 3 (all) Paulinus Allred (Block 40, line 7) Lot 4 (all) William Clark (Block 40, line 1) Lot 5 (all) William Clark (Block 40, line 1) Lot 6 (all) John Beck (Block 40, line 6) Lot 7 (all) William Clark (Block 40, line 1) Lot 8 (N1/2) George Beck (Block 40, line 4) Lot 8 (S1/2) Marcus Erickson (Block 40, line 2)

A Map of Lehi City, Utah County, Utah16, shows the layout of the lots on the blocks. The sixteen blocks inside the fort, including Block 40(16), were laid out in eight equal-sized lots numbered Utah County Office of Land Records, 100 E Center Street, Suite 1300, Provo, Utah 84606. See 1871 - Mayor's Deeds - Blocks in Lehi Fort, https://drive.google.com/file/d/ 0B5wDxipAGQN2cVBLbVZLUDhOOFU/view?usp=sharing 14

15

Block 40, lines 1-7

Prepared under Richard R. Lyman, dated December, 1911, obtained from the Utah County Office of Land Records, 100 East Center Street, Suite 1300, Provo, Utah 84606 16

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Portion of map of Lehi, Utah, prepared under Richard R. Lyman, dated December 1911, displaying layout of Blocks 40 and 49. The red lines indicate the position of the fort wall built in 1854 but entirely removed before 1911. The northern portion of the wall extended along the southern First North Street and along the western edge of Center Street. There was a gate at Main Street. The blocks enclosed by the wall, including Block 40, were divided into 8 building lots. The blocks outside the wall, including Block 49, were divided into 4 building lots.

1-8, beginning with lot 1 on the Southeast corner of the block and proceeding clockwise around the block. The long sides of lots 1 and 2 extended from east to west along Main Street, the short sides of the rectangular blocks 2-5 were arranged sequentially along First West Street, the long sides of 5 and 6 along First North Street, and the short sides of 6-8 followed sequentially southward along Center Street with lot 8 adjacent to and immediately north of lot 1. The blocks outside the fort, including Block 49, were laid out later in 4 equal-sized lots, numbered 1-4 beginning with the lot on the Southeast corner and proceeding clockwise around the block.

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Sanborn Fire Insurance maps17 reveal the positions, dimensions, and construction material of the homes and other structures on the blocks in Lehi. For the Memorial Building and Legacy Center blocks, these are available for the years 1890, 1898, 1907 and 1922. The three section Memorial Building complex occupied Lot 6 and Lot 7, as depicted on the 1922 Sanborn map, consisted of the central memorial hall, a City Hall on the South, and the Carnegie Library on the North. The 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps of Block 40 depict eight adobe structures identified as dwellings. The 1890 map probably closely approximates conditions that prevailed on the block at the time the Mayor’s deeds for the block were issued in 187118. Since there were no street addresses at the time, the numbers around the edges of blocks on the Sanborn maps provide what might be called a “Sanborn address” for each dwelling. Some of the numbers on the 1922 map represent house numbers that are still valid today. 17

Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps of Lehi, Utah, https://drive.google.com/file/d/ 0B5wDxipAGQN2TDl6YTlaVTBKSUU/view?usp=sharing. Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps (2014). Total Geospatial Solutions. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.sanborn.com/sanborn-fire-insurancemaps/. These are an invaluable graphic source of information about Lehi as it appeared in the past. These provide a Google Maps-like view of the city as it appeared in 1890, 1898, 1907, 1922 and 1907, 1922 and 1934. The earliest Sanborn maps consulted are accessible through the Digital Library, Digital Library - Marriott Library - The University of Utah. (2016). Lib.utah.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lib.utah.edu/collections/digital-library.php, of the University of Utah J. Willard Marriott Library, Home - Marriott Library - The University of Utah. (2016). Lib.utah.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lib.utah.edu/index (Lehi Maps 1-9, 1890, 1898, 1907, Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps. (2016). Content.lib.utah.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/search/ collection/sanborn-jp2/searchterm/Lehi/field/all/mode/all/conn/and/page/1/order/title/ad/asc). A bound set of Sanborn maps of Lehi is preserved at the Hutchings Museum in Lehi. Photocopies of these are preserved in the collections of the Lehi City Historical Archives. Lehi Historical Society and Archives, Lehi Historical Society and Archives - Lehi City. (2016). Lehi City. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// www.lehi-ut.gov/community/archives/. Inside the front cover of the Hutchings Museum set is a stamped statement dated 1934 and signed by S. I. Goodwin and T. F. Kirkham. All of these are stamped “1922” but in many places they have pieces of transparent or translucent velum glued over various sections. They indicate the positions structures known by Goodwin and Kirkham to have been removed after 1922. That probably explains why 1934 was the date written on the Archives photocopies. The “1934 editions” were simply hand alterations of the 1922 maps. Since there were no street addresses at the time of the 1890, 1898 and 1907 maps, the numbers around the edges of blocks provide what I call a “Sanborn address” for each dwelling. The numbers on the edges of the 1922 maps presumably represent the actual house numbers.

The adobe home of Robert Dunn on the Northwest corner of the block which had been removed. 18

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The property records cited above, as well as census records and family history narratives, indicate that the following individuals occupied Block 16(40) dwellings at the specified Sanborn addresses. The dwellings were replaced by the facilities indicated.

Position 3, First North, William Clark, James McGaw, Jens Peter Ipsen Benson, Gottlieb Beck, William Wheeler Clark, James Edgar Ross, Hyrum Timothy, John Comer, athletic field Position 6, Center Street, John Beck, Thomas Biesinger, Caroline Hertkorn Biesinger, Carnegie Library Position 8, Center Street, George Brough, Peter McIntyre, Karren Mary Pickel, Hannah Pickle, Memorial Building Position 9, Center Street, George Beck, John Gurney (or Sarah Hughes Gurney), Charles Gurney, site just south of Memorial Building Position 10, Center Street, Marcus Erickson, driveway between Memorial Building and Main Street businesses Position 14, Main Street, Anders Peterson, Main Street businesses Position 16, Main Street, Jens Holm, Johannes Peterson, Main Street businesses Position 18/19, First West, Paulinus Allred, Isaac Allred, Merrihew Building Position 21, First West, Southworth Building, athletic field, Legacy Center parking lot Position 23, First West, William Clark, athletic field, Legacy Center parking lot Position 24, First West, Robert Dunn, athletic field, Legacy Center parking lot

Numbering of the eight building blocks on Block 40 begin with Lot 1 on the Southeast corner of the block and continue clockwise around the block to Lot 8 just north of Lot 1. The Sanborn Fire Insurance maps system of numbering, on the other hand, begins on First North Street on the Northwest corner of the block and continues clockwise around the block to the corner on First West 8 of 96

Street. There are no dwellings at positions 1 and 2. The first building is at position 3. The last position with a dwelling is the Position 23 adobe dwelling on First West Street.

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Block 16(40) Pioneer Adobe Homes

Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 16(40), 1890.

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 16(40), 1907.

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 16(40), 1922, modified by Lehi City officials to reflect conditions in 1934.

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Block 16(40), Position 3 Adobe Dwelling William Clark, James McGaw, Jens Peter Ipsen Benson, Gottlieb Beck, William Wheeler Clark and others William Wheeler Clark (1855-1934) and his wife, Polly Melissa Willes (1856-1887), were in the Block 16(40), Position 3 adobe home on First North Street in the 1880 Census. The home was removed when the Lehi High School/ Junior High School athletic field was installed in 1930 site of the home is now part of the Legacy Center parking lot.

William Clark (1825-1910), of Worcestershire, England, arrived in the new Utah County settlement of Lehi in the fall of 1853, one year before the sixteen square blocks in the Lehi City fort were surveyed and surrounded by a twelve-foot-high mud wall. In spite of being a late-comer, he acquired one of the 128 building lots in the fort, Lot 6 on Block 16(40), the northeastern-most building lot in the fort. On 8 January 1857 he listed the lot and an adobe house, valued at $200.00, on a consecration deed19. That consecrated house is depicted at Position 3 adobe on the Sanborn maps. It’s visible in the background of a photograph of the Lehi pioneer monument taken some time between 1908 and 1913. If it was still in place today the address might be 45 West, 100 North. It appears to have been built without strict compliance Early Mormon Settlers in Lehi, Utah Territory, Consecrated their Properties to their Church, https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5wDxipAGQN2ZGNSY1JfOFBxZWs/view?usp=sharing 19

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to the lines separating the building lots. It was only partially on Lot 6. The western one-third of the structure was actually on Lot 5. William Clark must have moved from the Position 3 adobe home in later in the year in which he signed the consecration deed20. On 23 December 1857, James McGaw (1824-1872) and his fatherin-law Elias Bassett (1800-1869)21, signed a consecration deed for the lot on which the home stood, Lot 6 on Block 16(40) in Lehi22. McGaw and Bassett arrived in the Salt Lake Valley in 185223. They moved first to Fillmore, then to Lehi24. They listed an adobe home valued at $400.00 on their consecration deed. Presumably that was the Position 3 adobe home William Clark had listed on his deed earlier that year25. It was probably occupied by the McGaw/Basset family until they moved to Ogden, on an unknown date before the 1860 census. Jens Peter Ipsen Benson (1831-1898) of Bornholm, Denmark, was probably with his family in the Position 3 adobe home, dwelling 3425, in the 1860 Census26. Johann Gottlieb Beck (1836-1920) and Eva Magdalena Mossinger Beck (1838-1891) were in the Position 3 20

He and his family moved to the Position 23 adobe home on block 16(40); see below.

21

Elias Bassett (1800-1869) was the father in law of James McGaw (1824-1872).

22

Webb Access to Utah County Land Records - Abstract Images - LDS Church Conveyances, Lehi, Lot 6, Block 16, with adobe house. BK H, p. 108. James McGaw Company, https://history.lds.org/overlandtravel/companies/201/james-mc-gawcompany-1852 23

James E. McGaw, https://familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/9491215? returnLabel=James%20McGaw%20(LH8FQ66)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2Fperson%2FLH8F-Q66%2Fmemories. James McGaw, age 34, was in Ogden, Utah, in the 1860 Census, Ogden. James’ wife, Mary Matilda Bassett (1837-1906), age 23, was with him, as was Mary’s mother, Matilda Salter Bassett (1800-1878), age 56, and her father, Elias Bassett (1800-1869), age 60. 24

It might have been the larger Position 6 home of Lot 6. That may explain the doubling of the listed value of the home on the lot from $200 to $400 from January to December of 1857. 25

Mormon Pioneers in Lehi, Utah Territory, 1854-1860: Part 5, Blocks 13-16, https:// drive.google.com/file/d/1AHjUT-rlMvedUc7LareFxqE9EzOeh9sU/view?usp=sharing 26

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adobe home, dwelling 16, in the 1870 Census. The Becks arrived in Great Salt Lake City in 1864 then settled afterward in Lehi27.Johannes Beck (1843-1913), better known in Lehi as John Beck, and his wife, Sarah Beck (1838-1894), in dwelling 15, were on one side of Johann Gottlieb and Eva Magdalena in the 1870 Census. Sarah was Johann Gottlieb Beck's sister. William and Jane Clark and their family in dwelling 17 by then were on the other side of Johann Gottlieb and Eva Magdalena Beck in the 1870 Census. They were in the Position 23 adobe dwelling28. John and Sarah Beck were in the Position 6 dwelling29. John Beck had received the Mayor’s deed for Lot 6 on Block 16(40) in 187130. The eastern two-thirds of the Position 3 adobe home stood on Lot 6 until 1877 when transactions with John Beck left William Clark with all of the property on which the Position 3 home stood. Those transactions gave William Clark all of the Position 3 dwelling and resulted in the property lines on the Sanborn maps31. William and Jane Clark’s fifteen-year-old son, William Wheeler Clark (1855-1934), had been with his family in his father’s home, the Position 23 home, dwelling 17, in the 1870 Census, but on 24 March 1878, 23-year-old William Wheeler 27

The History of John Beck. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/12401707?returnLabel=Johannes%20John%20Beck%20(KWVQGF5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWVQ-GF5%26section%3Dmemories 28

See below.

29

See below.

30

Block 40, line 6. William H. Winn to John Beck, MD 2/9/71. Lot Six (6) in Block forty (40) Plat A. Area 60/100 Acres. He had the property in 1870: Webb Access to Utah County Land Records - Abstract Images - Land Record BK J 1864-1870, p. 685. Land Certificate No. 875. Lehi City Building Lots, Plat A, Utah County U. T. This is to certify that John Beck is the lawful claimant of Lot six in Block forty containing 60/160 acres dated December 16, 1870. The transactions are explained in detail in William Clark (1825-1910): His Pioneer Adobe Home in Lehi, Utah, and the Homes of his Neighbors and Descendants, https://drive.google.com/file/d/ 0B5wDxipAGQN2cGNsT253Ql9TVjA/view?usp=sharing, 21 MB. 31

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married 22-year-old Polly Melissa Willes (1856-1887). William Wheeler Clark: Biography32 says that after they were married, they “set up housekeeping on the Clark farm with their own home.” Polly Melissa Willes Clark: Biography33 likewise affirms that the newly-weds moved into a new home on the property of William Clark. From all indications, their first home was the Position 3 home on First North. Although it was in town, the Position 3 home could be construed to have been on William Clark’s “farm.” It wasn't actually “new,” but by 1878 it was entirely on property owned by William Clark. William Wheeler and Polly Melissa Clark’s dwelling 141 was the Position 3 adobe home in the 1880 Census. Johann Gottlieb and Eva Magdalena Beck moved from the home before 1880. County property records show that in 1879 Johann Gottlieb Beck purchased Lot 2 on Block 6734. He and his wife and children moved to that property where they were found in dwelling 138 in the 1880 Census. They were on the site of, but not in, the home that stands today at 86 West, 300 North35. William Wheeler Clark’s father’s plural wife Margaret Boardman in dwelling 140 was William Wheeler and Polly Melissa’s apparent nearest neighbor in the 1880 Census. Margaret’s home was at William Wheeler Clark: Biography, in Joseph Franklin Fagan and Mary Francell Clark: Their Descendants and Their Ancestors, (2016). Dcms.lds.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// dcms.lds.org/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE71457&from=fhd, a collection of biographies compiled by LaVerle L. Anderson Dean, 1836 S. Main St., Orem, Utah 84058, 2002; edited by Merlin Frank Anderson, 830 East 299, North Alpine, Utah 84004, and Robert Lowell Brown, 80 N. Paradise Drive, Orem, Utah 84097. The collection also contains a Mary Francell Clark: Biography and a Polly Melissa Willes: Biography. 32

33

Polly Melissa Willes Clark: Biography, Joseph Franklin Fagan and Mary Francell Clark : their descendants and their ancestors. (2016). Dcms.lds.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://dcms.lds.org/ delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE71457&from=fhd 34

Block 67, line 7

See The Old Fort Wall, a Herd of Cows, and a Near and Dear Neighbor in Lehi, Utah Territory, https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5wDxipAGQN2UG02ZnVLd2JRbVE/view?usp=sharing 35

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position 67 on First West Street on Block 49, the Legacy Center block. The census taker must not have encountered another home between the Clarks and Margaret's home as he made his visits on 9 June 1880. He was coming from north when he visited Margaret. He had previously visited William Bone, Jr. (1841-1912) and his family in dwelling 139 in the 1880 Census. The Bones were north of Margaret on First West Street, in the Position 72 home on Block 67. That home stands today at 394 North, 100 West36. The Polly Melissa Willes Clark: Biography37 says that Polly Melissa bore five children in the house on William Clark’s farm. It’s true that she bore five children, but only the first three Melissa Jane Clark (1879-1884), William Wheeler Clark (1880-1896), and Asa Jones Clark (1882-1966), were born while she and William Wheeler were in the Position 3 adobe dwelling. The Clarks moved to a home in the New Survey portion of Lehi in 1884. The next residents of the Position 3 adobe home appear to have been James Edgar Ross (1867-1942), Rosalinda Wing Ross (1872-1903), and their children. James Edgar was a son of William Clark’s step-son, John Edgar Ross (1840-1920). Biography of James Edgar Ross 1867-1941,38 by Alinda Rose Ross (1897-1987), says that on 13 June 1883, James Edgar See The Old Fort Wall, a Herd of Cows, and a Near and Dear Neighbor in Lehi, Utah Territory, https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5wDxipAGQN2UG02ZnVLd2JRbVE/view?usp=sharing 36

37

Polly Melissa Willes Clark: Biography, Joseph Franklin Fagan and Mary Francell Clark : their descendants and their ancestors. (2016). Dcms.lds.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://dcms.lds.org/ delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE71457&from=fhd Biography of James Edgar Ross 1867-1941, Biography of James Edgar Ross 1867-1941 By Alinda Ross Robbins, daughter 1955. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/6471693?returnLabel=James%20Edgar%20Ross%20(KWCWWC7)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWCW-WC7%26section%3Dmemories 38

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went to work for his [step] grandfather, William Clark, for $15.00 a month herding sheep. Around 1889 he purchased a small home from his grandfather. The house was located “on the block now occupied by the school, at Lehi, where he lived after his marriage and where his first two children were born.” She must have meant the Grammar School. The only home owned by William Clark on the block where that school was located, Block 49, was the Position 67 adobe home of Margaret Boardman Clark. Margaret presumably lived in that adobe home from the time of her marriage to William Clark in 1864 until her death in 1894, so if they moved to a home purchased in 1889, it wasn’t Margaret’s. It would appear that it wasn't actually on the block “occupied by the school” either. More than likely, the home James Edgar purchased from his grandfather was the Position 3 dwelling on First North Street. James Edgar and Rosalinda were married in February or March 1891. Their first two children were born in 1892 and 1895. William Wheeler Clark had occupied the Position 3 home with his wife and children between 1878 and 1884. Unfortunately there's no 1890 census, so the Ross' presence can't be confirmed. Furthermore, there's no Utah County property record of William Clark having sold the home to James Edgar. For that matter, there’s no record of a sale of the property to William Wheeler Clark either. Apparently William Clark retained ownership while his descendants lived in the home. That was probably true in the case of Hyrum Timothy (1863-1944) and his wife, William and Jane’s daughter, Rosilla Clark Timothy (1866-1950). The Timothys were in dwelling 167 in the 1900 Census, apparently four houses away from William Clark and his daughter Mary Jane in dwelling 163. The Timothys must have been in the Position 3 adobe home on First North Street. There’s no record of a sale by William Clark to the Timothys, but they Timothys must have held title because on 12 May 1909, they sold the property on which the Position 3 home 18 of 96

stood to Lehi School District 1239. The school district in turn sold the property to Mary A. Stickney on 9 October, 190940. She in turn sold it to Joseph Andreason (1857-1947) on 1 May, 191641. The Position 3 dwelling was still in place on the 1922 Sanborn map, but it’s numerical position designation was changed to 3/45. That should presumably have made the street address 45 West, 100 North. A house with that number might be expected to show up in the 1920 Census, but doesn’t. The nearest thing to it is dwelling 54 at 62 West, First North Street, the home of renter and taxi driver John Floyd Comer (1892-1943), Hazel Johnson Comer (1897-1944), and two children in the 1920 Census. The odd house number should have placed their home on the North side of First North Street. That would have been on Block 49. There’s no house along that side of First North Street west of the Position 42 dwelling on the 1908 and 1922 Sanborn maps or on the map altered to depict 1934 conditions, except for a home on the Southeast corner of the block at position 35 on Center Street. That was the Samuel J. Taylor home/library home in 1920. The 62 West, First North home was probably the Position 3 adobe dwelling on First North Street. John Comer must have been renting the Position 3 home from Joseph Andreason in 1920. Utah County Property records show “Joseph Andreason c/o John Comer” involved in a 1925 tax sale

Block 40, line 70, pt. 5. Hyrum Timothy (and his wife “Rozilla" Timothy” to Lehi School District 12, $900.00. Executed 28 April, 1909; filed May 12, 1909. Beginning 2.35 chains East from the North West corner of Block 40 … thence East 1.17 chains, thence South 2.68 chains, thence West 1.17 chains, thence North 2.68 chains, to the place of beginning. The descriptions of the property on lines 70 and 75 are the same. Line 70 indicates it includes property on Lot 5 only but line 75 specifies Lots 4, 5, 6 and 7.This is the property within the lines that enclose the Position 3 adobe dwelling on the 1890 Sanborn map. Why would Hyrum Timothy pass it on to the School District by way of a warranty deed in April, to be followed by William [Wheeler] Clark passing it to the School District by quit claim deed in June of the same year? 39

40

Block 40, line 83

41

Block 40, line 149

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on Lots 5 and 642. Andreason sold parts of the two lots to the Board of Education, Alpine School District on 27 December, 192943. That’s why Andreason is implied by Van Wagoner44 to have had a “pioneer adobe home” on the future athletic field. The Joseph Andreason property on the future athletic field appears actually to have been the Position 3 adobe home. It had not come into Andreason's possession until long after the “pioneer” period of Lehi history so it wasn't actually his “pioneer adobe home”. It might have been more accurate to have called the home the William Clark/ James McGaw/ Jens Peter Ipsen Benson/ Johann Gottlieb Beck/ William Wheeler Clark/ James Edgar Ross/ Hyrum Timothy/ Lehi School District 12/ Mary A. Stickney/ Joseph Andreason pioneer adobe adobe home on Block 16(40). The Position 3 adobe home was just north of a brick building Van Wagoner45 called the “city bastille”. This jail stood twenty years on the property just west of the land on which the Memorial Building was to be built. The adobe home, and the jail south of it, are depicted at position 3/45 on the 1922 Sanborn map, south of the adobe dwelling. The property on which both it and the Position 3 adobe home stood had been in the hands of William Clark as the result of his transactions with John Beck in 1877. The jail is depicted between the line that marked the eastern limit of the William Clark pioneer adobe home property and west of the line the separated the lot on which both buildings stood from the Memorial Building property on east on the 1907 and the 1922 maps. The jail and the Position 3 adobe home west of the Carnegie Library/Memorial Building complex are covered by 42

Block 40, line 182

43

Block 40, line 197

44

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 304.

45

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 46.

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velum in the 1934 modification of the 1922 map, reflecting the fact that the two structures had been removed in 1930 to make way for the athletic field. The jail is perhaps intrinsically more interesting than the little adobe dwelling that was home to a succession of young families at the start of their married lives. Such homes might only be of interest to the immediate family of the folks who lived in them, and maybe not even of much interest to them. The Position 3 adobe home is of interest to me because my grandfather appears to have born in that home while his parents were living there. Today hundreds park their cars or vans on the Legacy Center parking lot and walk over the site on which the building stood as they enter the building to watch their kids play basketball or indoor soccer of wrestling or gymnastics or attend the pre-school or who-knowswhat-else. The little old home that stood there has probably never been known to any of them. It can now be remembered by a few.

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Block 16(40), Position 6 Adobe Dwelling John Beck, Thomas Biesinger and Caroline Hertkorn Biesinger Johannes Beck (1843-1913) and his wife, Sarah Beck (1838-1894), and their children occupied the Block 16(40), Position 6 adobe home in the 1970 and 1980 Censuses. The home was on Center Street on the site on which the Lehi Carnegie Library opened in 1921.

Lehi historian Richard Van Wagoner46 called John or Johannes Beck (1843-1913), Lehi's wealthiest man. The Becks were from Aichelberg, in the kingdom of Württemberg, now in Germany. They crossed the plains with ox teams and arrived in Great Salt Lake City in October, 186447. After spending the winter in Lehi, they moved south to Sevier County. They intended to settle there, but because of the Blackhawk War they moved back to Lehi. They spent their first winter in Lehi in a log room that had been used by

46

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 223.

The History of John Beck (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/12401707?returnLabel=Johannes%20John%20Beck%20(KWVQGF5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWVQ-GF5%26section%3Dmemories. 47

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Georg Gottlieb Zimmerman (1781-1866) as a chicken coop48. Beck leased a farm and raised sheep and manufactured charcoal. He made sufficient money the first season to purchase a home in the settlement, "where he resided for many years and prospered.” Although a home in Lehi, standing in renovated condition today at 791 North, 100 East, is famously known as the home of John Beck, the home for which he “made sufficient money the first season to purchase” his home in 1870 and in 1880 appears to have been the Position 6 adobe dwelling on the Memorial Building block. Street addresses and house numbers weren't indicated on the early Sanborn maps, and the house had been removed before the 1922 map was produced, but the address of the Position 6 adobe home would probably have had a house number around 83 North Center Street. The Lehi Carnegie Library, now the Mineral Room of the John Hutchings Museum, occupies the site today. Twenty-seven-year-old John Beck and 30-year-old Sarah Beck Beck (1838-1894), were in Lehi, Utah Territory, with two of their children, 11-year-old John Albert Beck (1866-1945) and 5-yearold George Beck (1867-Deceased), along with Sarah’s mother, 60-year-old Rebecca Schilling (1811-1895), in dwelling 15 in the 1870 Census. From all indications, they were in the large Position 6 adobe dwelling. John Beck received the Mayor’s Deed for the property on which the home stood on 9 February, 187149. He’s designated “laborer” in the 1870 Census. He owned real estate valued at $300. His personal estate was valued at $200. Heritage Gateways, Historical Pioneer Biographies - Heritage Gateways. (2016). Heritage.uen.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://heritage.uen.org/pioneers/Wccc7aec7bc7b2.shtml. This history is by John Beck’s sister, Eva Christine Beck (1851-1937). Eva Christine later married Georg Zimmerman’s son, John Zimmerman (1820-1908). Georg Gottlieb Zimmerman (1781-1866) signed a consecration deed listing the property on which a house at 38 West, 100 South stands today in Lehi. Mormon Pioneers in Lehi, Utah Territory, 1854-1860, Part 4, Blocks 9-12, https://drive.google.com/file/d/ 1VvadMk7uMlKDEc_uE6FlOkAX7gPsLSUv/view?usp=sharing. That’s on the block south of Block 16(40). 48

Block 40, line 6. William H. Winn to John Beck, MD 2/9/71. Lot Six (6) in Block forty (40) Plat A. Area 60/100 Acres. 49

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That’s compared to a neighbor on the same block, William Clark, who owned $800 in real estate and $700 in personal estate that year. Beck was not yet Lehi’s wealthiest man but he came to prosper in mining50 and other businesses, including enterprises at the Saratoga Hot Springs51. Thirty-seven-year-old John and 41-year-old Sarah Beck were still in Lehi with 13-year-old John, 8-year-old Jacob Beck (1870-1935), 7-year-old Joseph Beck (1871-1959), 6-year-old Mary Beck, 5-year-old Hyrum Beck (1874-1898), 4-year-old Mathilda Elizabeth Beck (1875-1937), and 2-year-old Samuel Beck (18787-1915) were together in dwelling 24 in Lehi in the 1880 Census, as was 70-year-old Rebecca Schilling. Beck is listed there as a farmer. Values of real and personal estate were not part of the 1880 Census. Judging from the neighbors, the Becks were still in the Position 6 adobe home on Block 16(40).

See The Bullion, Beck, and Champion Mining Company and the Redemption of Zion, by R. Jean Addams, The Journal of Mormon History, 40(2), 2014, pp. 159-234, (2016). Digitalcommons.usu.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi? article=1080&context=mormonhistory. 50

51

Saratoga Hot Springs and Amusement Park - Lehi, Utah USA - Defunct Amusement Parks on Waymarking.com . (2016). Waymarking.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.waymarking.com/ waymarks/WMBRDQ_Saratoga_Hot_Springs_Amusement_Park_Lehi_Utah_USA

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 41, 1890.

This is inferred by the sequence of homes the census taker visited “on the 1st and 2nd day of June 1880.” On one or the other of those days, 78-year-old John Gurney (1801-1888) was found by himself in dwelling 22 in the 1880 Census. He was probably in the Position 9 dwelling, south of the Beck’s Position 6 dwelling. Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895) in dwelling 23 in the 1880 Census was in the Position 10 dwelling just south of that, also on Center Street. Ericksen had received the Mayor’s deed for the lot on which that dwelling stood in 187152. After the 1880 census 52

Block 40, line 2

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taker contacted John Beck and his family in dwelling 24, he appears to have crossed Center Street and walked east to dwelling 25, the home to Peter McOmie (1811-1889) in the 1880 Census. That was the Position 3 dwelling on the 1890 Sanborn map of the block west of the Memorial Building block, Block 41. It stood on the South side of First North Street. A former residence that now houses the Lehi Historical Society and Archives at 34 East, First North stands on the site today53. McOmie acquired the Lot 3 property on which that home stood in 188854. The next home in the 1880 Census, dwelling 26, the home of Samuel Rogers Taylor, was also on Block 41. Taylor received the Mayor’s deed for all of Lots 1 and 2 on Block 41 in 188255. Taylor had a blacksmith shop at the Northeast corner of Main Street and First East Street from late 1870s until mid-1890s56. The 1890 Sanborn map shows the shop on the Southeast corner of Block 41, east of the large adobe Taylor home at position 16. William Wanlass (1821-1890) was next in the 1880 Census in dwelling 27. The census taker must have crossed First East Street to Block 42 to find him. A kinsman of his, Louis Glen Wanlass (1910-1995), was on that block in 193557. From there the census taker must have backtracked west on Main Street to dwelling 28 where he found Johannes Peterson (1848-1928) and Rhoda Jane Ashton Peterson (1853-1913) in the 1880 Census. They were on the South side of the Block 40 in a home recently purchased from Jens Holm on the eastern one-half of Lot 258,

53 54

Lehi Historical Society and Archives, https://www.lehihistory.com

Block 41, line 6

55

Block 41, line 2

56

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 220.

57

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 210.

58

Block 40, line 27

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west of the Position 14 home of Johannes’ father, Anders Peterson (1808-1875), on Lot 159. Although John Beck and his family were on the Memorial Building block in 1870 and 1880, it is asserted that John Beck’s home was built by Lehi’s first brick mason, J. Wiley Norton, at 791 North, 100 East, in 186360. That large landmark home is depicted at Position 6 on the 1890 Sanborn map of Block 89. If it was built before the 1870 Census, John Beck and his wife Sarah and their children might not be expected to have been residing eight blocks south and one block west of there in 1870 and 1880. Nevertheless, census and property records clearly place them on Block 40 both years. Beck took additional wives in Utah, but Sarah Beck, with whom he shared the Position 6 home on Block 40, was the wife who came with him from Europe to America. On the September 1877 day of William Clark’s transactions with him, John Beck sold the eastern parts of Lots 6 and Lot 7 on Block 40, “together with all and singular the tenements, their attachments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or anywise appertaining,” to Leonard Samuel Pickel (1806-1881) of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania61. Pickel got everything on the northeastern quarter of Block 40 east of William Clark’s holdings. That included the Beck's Position 6 home on Lot 6 and the smaller Position 8 adobe dwelling on Lot 7. That would appear to have left Beck with nothing on Block 40. He might have been 59

Block 40, line 3

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 223. John Beck Home gives the same address but more plausibly gives 1867 as the date of construction. John Beck Home: Scrooge and Marley’s, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/JohnBeckHome.pdf. 60

Block 40, line 9, E pt 6, 7. John Beck to Lenard Pickel 9/7/77. The eastern portions of Lots 6 and 7 … And commencing at North East corner of Lot 6, thence West 7 rods 9 and 1/2 feet, South 10 rods, 13 and 1/2 feet, East 7 rods 9 and 1/2 feet, North 10 rods, 13 and 1/2 feet, to point of beginning. Area 76 square rods and 55 square feet. Together will all and singular the tenements, their attachments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or anywise appertaining, and the rents, uses, and profits thereof …. 61

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expected to have left the block before 1880, perhaps for the large home at 791 North, 100 East. Leonard Pickel and his family, on the other hand, might be expected to have been in the Position 6 home in 1880. Nevertheless, the Becks were still on the scene in dwelling 24 in the 1880 Census and Leonard Pickle was not. Leonard Pickle’s Lot 6 property changed hands again on the day of an estate sale when Ira D. Wines was named as the highest bidder for the Lot 6 “lands and tenements.”62 Two years later, on 7 September 1882, the Lot 6 property, as well as part of Leonard Pickle’s Lot 7 property, along with property on Block 49, was sold by Wines to Thomas Biesinger (1844-1931) (as Thomas Bessinger)63. That property did not include the southern portion on Lot 7 on which the Position 8 home stood. Apparently that remained in the hands of the heirs of Leonard Pickel. According to R. Jean Addams64, Thomas Biesinger was partnered with John Beck, Beck’s brother George Beck, and his cousin [and brother in law], Gottlieb Beck, in the Bullion, Beck, and Champion Mining Company. Thomas Biesinger, like John Beck, was born in Württemberg, Germany, and like Beck, he converted to Block 40, line 12, All 6. Estate of Leonard Pickle to Ira D. Wines. Confirmation[?], 4/11/80 … Leonard Pickle deceased… lands and tenements … That at such sale Ira D. Wines because the purchaser of said real estate for the sum of fourteen hundred and sixty Dollars in being the highest and best bidder… 62

Block 40, line 15, pt 6, pt of 7. Ira D. Wines to Thomas Bessinger. WD, 9/7/82… required by the said Ira D. Wines in the estate of Leonard Pickle… Lot (6) Six in Block (40) forty Plat A Area 60/100 Acres - also commencing at the North East corner of Lot (7) Seven Block forty Plat A, thence South (4) four rods (13 1/2) feet, thence West (7) rods (9 1/1) feet, thence North (4) rods (13 1/2) feet, thence East (7) seven rods (9 1/2) feet to point of beginning Area 55 1/2 Acres. Also commencing at the South East corner of Block (49) forty nine Plat A, thence North (3 1/4) rods, thence West (11) rods, thence South (3 1/4) rods, thence East (11) rods, to point of beginning Area (35 3/4) Rods… 63

note 37, p. 171, The Bullion, Beck, and Champion Mining Company and the Redemption of Zion, by R. Jean Addams, The Journal of Mormon History, 40(2), 2014, pp. 159-234, (2016). Digitalcommons.usu.edu. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi? article=1080&context=mormonhistory. Also,Thomas Biesinger (2016). Wikipedia. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Biesinger, and Thomas Biesinger, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-303-41955-190-33/dist.pdf? ctx=ArtCtxPublic 64

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Mormonism in 186265 . He arrived in Great Salt Lake City on 8 October 1865, but resided in Lehi and in Fairfield66. Thomas Biesinger married Carolina Hertkorn (1826-1904), a widow with children, in 1866 in Great Salt Lake City. Twenty-fiveyear-old Thomas Biesinger was with Carolina, as 44-year-old Caroline Biesinger, and three of her children, in Fairfield, Utah, in the 1870 Census. In 1874 Thomas Biesinger took Elisabeth Kropf (1852-1890) as a plural wife in Salt Lake City. The above cited sketch says he moved to Lehi in 1880, but 35-year-old Thomas "Beesinger" was with still with then 44-year-old Caroline, "tailoring," in Fairfield in the 1880 Census. In addition to having been with Caroline in Fairfield, he's listed as "working at tailoring,” with 20-year-old Elisabeth and their three small children, in dwelling 95, in Lehi in the 1880 Census. He was thus counted twice in the 1880 Census! In Lehi the Biesingers were apparently near the home of Andrew A Peterson (1840-1911). Peterson was with his family in dwelling 96 in the 1880 Census. His home in Lehi was on the eastern half of the South side of Main Street. It's displayed at position 4 on Block 31 on the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps. It’s still standing today at 45 West Main Street67. That placed Peterson one block south of the Block 40 Lot 6 and Lot 7 property Thomas Biesinger acquired from Ira D. Wines in 1882. John Beck and his family were in the Block 40, Position 6 (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/documents/ 3452744? pid=KWCH-8PX&returnLabel=Thomas%20Biesinger%20(KWCH-8PX)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffami lysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWCH-8PX%26section%3Dmemories 65

Thomas Biesinger (2016). Wikipedia. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Thomas_Biesinger 66

Mormon Pioneers in Lehi, Utah Territory, 1854-1860, Part 4, Blocks 9-12, https://drive.google.com/ file/d/1VvadMk7uMlKDEc_uE6FlOkAX7gPsLSUv/view?usp=sharing 67

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dwelling, so the Biesingers were not there in 1880. Thomas and Elisabeth Biesinger apparently moved into the Position 6 dwelling when Thomas purchased the property in 1882. Thomas Biesinger (as Thomas Beasinger), his wife Eliza, daughter Rosine, son Thomas Jr, and son George L., were with him that year in dwelling 96 in Lehi in the 1910 Census. John and Sarah Beck had ten children in Lehi between 1866 and 1885, but they had almost certainly moved elsewhere by 1882. Beck is known to have had that 791 North, 100 East home in Lehi. He had additional wives while he and Sarah were still married. He had children by them, beginning in 1885, in Salt Lake City68. About the year 1890 the millionaire took up permanent residence in Salt Lake City69. Fifty-seven-year-old John Beck was there in the 1900 Census. At the same time 55-year-old Thomas Biesinger was in Sugarhouse, Salt Lake County, Utah in the 1900 Census. He was thus counted twice in the 1900 Census, as he had been in the 1880 Census. Thomas’ wife in Sugarhouse was 38-year-old Louisa Maria Markman (1861-1935). Thomas had married Louisa in 1886 in Salt Lake City. They were there with six children, including four of the children of Thomas’ late wife Elisabeth Kropf who had died in 1890.

(2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KWVQ-GF5 68

69

The History of John Beck. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/12401707?returnLabel=Johannes%20John%20Beck%20(KWVQGF5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWVQ-GF5%26section%3Dmemories. The Lehi Banner, 25 July 1907, Page 1 - The Lehi Banner at Newspapers.com. (2016). Newspapers.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://www.newspapers.com/ image/71039119/, says he came back to Lehi in 1907 to spend the 24th of July in Lehi with relatives and to look for a site for a chicken farm.

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Thomas Biesinger's first wife, Caroline also moved from Fairfield to Lehi. Caroline's obituary70 says she died on 31 December 1904 in Lehi and that she had lived in Lehi 24 years at the time of her death. That suggests she moved from Fairfield shortly after she had been counted there in the 1880 Census. She was 74-yearold Caroline Bessinger, by herself, in dwelling 170 in Lehi in the 1900 Census. She’s listed as the owner of the home which was probably the Position 6 dwelling on Block 40. John Beck sold part of Lot 3 on Block 41 to Thomas Biesinger on 2 September, 188271. That property is the Northwest corner of the block, across Center Street directly east of the Block 40, Position 6 home. It is possible that Caroline was in the home depicted at Position 27 on the 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps of Block 41, but not on the 1890 map. The house depicted at position 27/86 on Block 41 on the 1922 map and appears to be the home that stands today at 90 North Center. That property, as well as the property on which the Block 40, Position 8 home stood, had been part of the estate of Leonard Pickle that went at auction to Ira D. Wines72. The Block 41 property went from Mayor A. J. Evans to John Beck on 6 August, 188273, then from Beck, “together with all and singular the tenements,” to Thomas Bessinger on 2 September, 188274. On 21 December 1891, however, Bessinger sold the Block 41 property to C. L. Seabright with no mention of

70

The Funeral of Mrs. Biesinger.. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/12195760?returnLabel=Carolina%20Hertkorn%20(KWJJX9D)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWJJ-X9D%26section%3Dmemories 71

Block 41, lines 3 and 10

72

Block 41, lines 4, 5

73

Block 41, line 9

74

Block 41, line 3

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tenements75. That would seem to indicate that Caroline was on Block 40 and not on Block 41 in 1900. The “Book of Remembrance” of Edward Southwick (1842-1888) mentions two private schools in Lehi, one in “Hannah Pickle’s house (present site of the Memorial Building),” and one in the “Bessinger home”.76 Hannah Pickle’s house is shown below to have been the Position 8 dwelling on Lot 7 of Block 40, the then future site of the Memorial Building. Hannah does not appear to have been in that home in 1900. She and her husband James Anderson were probably two blocks north of there, as will be seen. That would have left the Position 8 adobe dwelling available for Caroline. Thomas Bessinger sold part of Lots 6 and 7 on Lot 40 to Caroline on 2 March, 188777. Caroline then had possession of the Position 6 home on Lot 6, but the description on the property on Lot 7 excludes the southern portion of the lot on which the Position 8 home stood. Caroline then was not in the Position 8 Hannah Pickle home with the private school in 1900. Southwick's “other private school” in the “Bessinger home” must then have been the Position 6 adobe dwelling of Caroline Bessinger on Block 40 in 1900. Transactions involving Thomas and Caroline Bessinger and property on Lots 6 and 7 on Block 40 took place between 1892 and 190978. These record how the large Position 6 home on Lot 6 and the smaller Position 8 home of Lot 7 changed hands down to 75

Block 41, line 11

76

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 298.

77

Block 40, line 16, part of Lot (6) Six in Block (40) forty Plat A Area 60/100 Acres. Also commencing at the North East corner of Lot (7) Seven Block forty Plat A, thence South (4) four rods (13 1/2) feet, thence West (7) rods (9 1/2) feet, thence North (4) rods (13 1/2) feet, thence East (7) seven rods (9 1/2) feet to point of beginning. Area 35/100 Acres. … Together with all and singular the tenements hereditaments and appurtenances … 78

Block 40, lines 21, 22, 25, 26, 43, 44, 72

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a few years before the Carnegie Library and the Memorial Building were built. The Lehi Memorial Building opened in 192179. Today the Memorial Building is occupied by the Lehi City Hutchings Museum. The library and the Memorial Building are depicted on the 1922 Sanborn map. The Position 6, 8, 9 and 10 adobe dwellings had all been removed. Block 16(40), Position 8 Adobe Dwelling George Brough, Peter McIntyre, Karen Maren Nielson, Hannah Pickle Johannah Fagerstrom (1871-1960), aka, Hannah Pickle, was with her mother, Karen Maren Nielson (1841-Deceased), the widow of Leonard Samuel Pickel (1806-1881) in the Block 16(40), Position 8 adobe home in 1880 Census. The home was on the site on which the Memorial Building now stands. She is said to have had a private school there.

Mormon immigrant George Brough (1823-1914), of Yorkshire, England, and his family moved to Lehi soon after their arrival in the valley of the Great Salt Lake in 185380. They may have been on the scene in the new settlement in the northern part of the Utah Valley when sixteen city blocks were surveyed and when a 12-foot-high wall was built around the them in 1854. Brough was still with his family in Lehi on 16 January 1857, when he signed a 79

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 80.

George Brough and Elizabeth Hudson, https://familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/4188348? returnLabel=Elizabeth%20Hudson%20(KWJC-4NQ)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftr ee%2Fperson%2FKWJC-4NQ%2Fmemories, Accessed 18 February 2017. 80

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consecration deed81. By that legal instrument he transferred title to all of his property to Brigham Young as President and Trustee in Trust of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The consecrated property listed on the deed included an adobe house on one of the 128 building lots in the Lehi City fort82. George Brough’s house was probably the adobe dwelling depicted at Position 8 on the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn Fire Insurance maps83. It stood on the site on which the Lehi Memorial Building would be built in coming years. George Brough and his family are not among the 821 people in 168 households in Lehi in the 1860 Federal Census84. They had moved to Spring City, Sanpete County, Utah, on 15 April 186085. Soon after their departure, Scotsman Peter McIntyre (1790-1872), and his wife, Elizabeth Marie Colville Jean McIntyre (1802-1874), of the Isle of Jersey, Channel Islands, appear to have moved into the consecrated adobe house the Broughs left behind. The Lehi census taker visited the McIntyres and three other Lehi families on Friday 28 September 1860. dwelling 3438, Peter McIntyre (1790-1872)

dwelling 3439, William Gurney (1834-1905)

dwelling 3440, Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895)

Webb Access to Utah County Land Records - Abstract Images - LDS Church Conveyances BK F, p. 180. The value of the adobe house is listed as $175. See Early Mormon Settlers in Lehi, Utah, Consecrated their Properties to their Church, https://drive.google.com/file/d/ 0B5wDxipAGQN2ZGNSY1JfOFBxZWs/view?usp=sharing 81

82

Lot 7 on Block 16(40)

Block 16 on the consecration deed, now block 40. See Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps of Lehi, Utah, https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5wDxipAGQN2TDl6YTlaVTBKSUU/view?usp=sharing 83

The census was conducted on 28 and 29 September and 2 October 1860. See Lehi in 1860 Census, https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5wDxipAGQN2eGNxdmhDa0dvRUk/view?usp=sharing 84

Four children were born to them in Lehi in 1854, 1856, 1859 and in 1861, so either the date of their departure is incorrect, or the youngest child was not born in Lehi. History of George Brough, https:// familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/3532010?returnLabel=George%20Brough%20(KWJ7CWX)&returnUrl=https://familysearch.org/tree/person/KWJ7-CWX/memories. 85

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dwelling 3441, James Wiley Norton (1822-1897)

He appears to have walked south from the home of Peter McIntyre on the future Memorial Building site, with the 12-foothigh wall on the East side of Center Street at his left, to the Norton home on the Southwest corner of the intersection of Center Street and Main Street. There he reached the large gate that spanned Main Street. The Norton’s home was at that gate86. Peter McIntyre arrived in Great Salt Lake City on 22 September 185387. He moved to Tooele on July 1, 1854. A few years later he married a “widow Janes, a Jersey lady with two daughters”. That was Elizabeth Marie Colville Jean. One of those daughters was Julia Jean Gurney (1840-1900). They “got along very comfortably until orders came to leave our homes and go to Lehi, on account of the army sent by President Buchanan to punish the Mormons for disloyalty to the United States”. Peter purchased a house and lot, ten acres of land, and some cows in Lehi. The move to Lehi must have been in 1858. That year the people in the Salt Lake Valley abandoned their homes on the orders of Brigham Young in advance of the arrival of the army. Great Salt Lake City were empty as the army marched through the streets on 26 June, 185888. Peter and Elizabeth McIntyre were in Lehi in dwelling 3438 in the 1860 Census. They must have moved into the Position 8 adobe dwelling between the time of the Brough’s 15 April departure and Mormon Pioneers in Lehi, Utah Territory, 1854-1860, Part 4, Blocks 9-12, https://drive.google.com/file/ d/1VvadMk7uMlKDEc_uE6FlOkAX7gPsLSUv/view?usp=sharing 86

Autobiography of Peter McIntyre, https://familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/3503453? returnLabel=Peter%20McIntyre%20(KWJV-5PK)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree %2Fperson%2FKWJV-5PK%2Fmemories 87

88

Richard F. Burton, 1862, The City of the Saints and Across the Rocky Mountains to California, https://archive.org/details/cityofsaintsacro00burtuoft. The Move South, Richard D. Poll, BYU Studies Quarterly: Vol. 29 : Iss. 4 , Article 6 http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq/vol29/iss4/6

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the 28 September visit of the census taker. At some point in time afterward Peter returned to Tooele, but Elizabeth remained in Lehi89. On 7 September 1877, John Beck sold the eastern parts of Lots 6 and Lot 7 on Block 16(40) to Leonard Samuel Pickel (1806-1881)90 of Pennsylvania91. Pickel, a “capitalist,”92 got the property on which Position 6 dwelling on Lot 6 and the Position 8 dwelling on Lot 7 stood. It would seem that Pickel might then have occupied one or the other of those two adobe dwellings and might have been expected to have been found there in the1880 Census, but that wasn't the case. Although he’s on record as having died in 1881 in Ogden, Utah,93 he's Leonard Pickel, “deceased,” on an order of sale dated 11 April,188094. Utah 89

Autobiography of Peter McIntyre, https://familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/3503453? returnLabel=Peter%20McIntyre%20(KWJV-5PK)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree %2Fperson%2FKWJV-5PK%2Fmemories. Eighty-year-old Peter McIntyre was in the household of his daughter, Grace McIntyre Clegg (1824-1904), in Tooele, Utah, in the 1870 Census. 90

Block 40, line 9, E pt 6, 7. John Beck to Lenard Pickel, 9/7/77, The eastern portions of Lots 6 and 7 … And commencing at North East corner of Lot 6, thence West 7 rods 9 and 1/2 feet, South 10 rods, 13 and 1/2 feet, East 7 rods 9 and 1/2 feet, North 10 rods, 13 and 1/2 feet, to point of beginning. Area 76 square rods and 55 square feet. Together with all and singular the tenements, their attachments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or anywise appertaining, and the rents, uses, and profits thereof …. 91

Karen Maren Nielson (1841-Deceased), (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/#view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KLLW-YJ8 Utah Directory and Gazetteer for 1879-80, Containing the Name and Occupation of Every Resident in the Towns and Cities of Salt Lake, Utah, Weber and Davis Counties…. p. 232. Utah Directory and Gazetteer for 1879-80. (2016). Google Books. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// books.google.com/books? id=kD9OAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA232&lpg=PA232&dq=Leonard+Samuel+Pickel+Lehi&source=bl&ots=CP7tT1 -HzS&sig=QyMdfD_FGzlDocvMKzIR2BTlHKw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6gp_jpqrMAhUHt4MKHTRBsEQ6AEIODAE#v=onepage&q=Leonard%20Samuel%20Pickel%20Lehi&f=false. He’s mentioned in The Making of a Mormon Myth: The 1844 Transfiguration of Brigham Young, Dialogue, Volume 28, No. 4, Winter 1995, by Richard S. Van Wagoner, cites Henry and Catharine Brooke to Leonard and Mary Pickel, 15 Nov. 1844, Leonard Pickel papers, Beinecke Library, Yale University, cited in D. Michael Quinn, The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power (Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1994), 167. (2016). Mormonismi.net. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.mormonismi.net/pdf/myth_creation.pdf 92

93

(2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KLLW-YJ8 94

Block 40, line 11

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County property records show that the Estate of Leonard Pickle was transferred to Elisha H. Davis, et al. Order of Sale on 11 April, 1880. Mary Pickle is listed as Leonard’s surviving widow95. Leonard Pickle married Mary E. Miller (1812-1895) in 183696, but she’s probably not the widow listed on the 1880 estate sale document. Leonard and Mary had nine children in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, between 1838 and 1858. They were in Lancaster in the 1850 Census, in the 1860 Census, and in the 1870 Census. Sixty-three-year-old Mary Pickel, undoubtedly a widow by then, was in the home of the eldest of Leonard and Mary’s sons, Ross Miller Pickel (1830-1898), still in Lancaster, in the 1880 Census. Mary was the first of Leonard Pickel’s two widows. The second was Karen Maren Nielson (1841-Deceased), aka Mary Nielson Fagerstrom, aka Karren M. Pickle, of Aarhus, Denmark. She and Leonard were married on 31 May 1878, in Salt Lake City97. She’s probably the Lehi estate sale widow. Mary E. Miller of Pennsylvania was still alive at the time. Either she and Leonard had become estranged, or Karen Maren Nielson was Leonard’s plural wife. Mary E. Miller must have come to Utah some time after the 1880 Census. She’s listed as the widow of Leonard Pickel at “1084 9th East,” in Salt Lake City, in the Salt Lake City 95

Block 40, line 11, All 6. Estate of Leonard Pickle to Elisha H. Davis, et. al. Order of Sale, 4/11/80. One fourth of all the said estate real and personal to Mary Pickle surviving widow of said deceased and the remaining three fourths to be divided among the children and heirs of said deceased to Wit: Ross M. Pickle, Ephraim C. Pickle, Jacob Pickle, Samuel L. Pickle, Ellis Pickle, Flora Read, and Elizabeth Hook, each to receive one Seventh of said three fourths. And whereas a portion of the residue of said estate consisted of several parcel of land situated in Lehi City Utah County particularly described in the said decree to which reference hereby is made… sell at Public Auction … Public auction…Lot 6 Block 40 Plat A with two dwelling houses thereon, one fraction of Lot 3, Block 41 in Plat A, with corrals and sheds thereon, one fraction of Lot 1, Plat A, Block 49, all in Lehi City… [land on Sections 18 and Section 19 included]. 96

Join Ancestry. (2016). Search.ancestry.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://search.ancestry.com/ cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&db=WorldMarr_ga&h=956348&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&rhSource=7163

(2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KCLZ-S8W&spouse=KLLW-YJ8 97

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Directory, 191398. There’s nothing to indicate that Mary E. Miller ever lived in Lehi, but Karen Maren Nielson did. She was 39-yearold Karren M. Pickle with her 9-year-old daughter, Johanne Pickle, in Lehi in dwelling 117, in the 1880 Census. The Leonard Pickel estate sale specified that there were two dwellings on Lot 6. This is confusing because the Sanborn maps indicate that there was only one dwelling on the portion of Lot 6 that went to Leonard Pickel in 1877. That would have been the Position 6 home. The Position 3 dwelling on First North Street was also partly on Lot 6, but that part of the lost passed into the hands of William Clark in 1877, as shown above. The Position 8 home stood on Lot 7. That lot wasn't named in the estate transaction. There may have been another dwelling on Lot 6 at the time of the sale and that it had been removed before 1890. Such a dwelling could possibly could have been the home of Karren M. Pickle and her daughter in 1880 while the Becks were in the Position 6 home. Alternatively, and more likely, Karren and Johanne Pickle were in the Position 8 home on Lot 7. In a few years Lot 7 would come to be occupied by the Memorial Building. Van Wagoner99 reports that Edward Southwick’s Book of Remembrance lists two private schools in Lehi. One, he says, was in the Bessinger home, the other in the home of Hannah Pickle on the site of the Memorial Building. Nine-year-old “Johanne” Pickle of the 1880 Census grew up to be the woman known to Southwick as Hannah Pickle. She was also known as Johannah Fagerstrom (1871-1960). She was the daughter of Leonard Pickel’s wife Karen Maren Nielson Pickel. Although she Join Ancestry. (2016). Search.ancestry.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://search.ancestry.com/ cgi-bin/sse.dll?viewrecord=1&r=an&db=USDirectories&indiv=try&h=1006479164 98

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 298, also Events, Places and Things and their Place in Lehi, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/ EventsPlacesandThings-TheirPlaceinLehiHistory.pdf 99

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took his name, she must have been Leonard Pickel’s stepdaughter. The idea for the Memorial Building was raised five weeks after Armistice Day, 11 November 1918, and the building was dedicated on 30 December, 1921100. There was plenty of time before that for 9-year-old Johanne, who was with her mother in the Position 8 home in 1880, to have grown up to become Hannah Pickle with a school there in the Position 8 dwelling which became “Hannah Pickle’s house” on the “site of the Memorial Building.” Hannah Pickle was one of the first Organists in Lehi101. She played for church meetings in the Lehi Meeting House. At a mass meeting held at the court house hats were passed around to gather aid for the sufferers by the flood in Pennsylvania while an organ solo was played by Miss Hannah Pickle 102. A group photograph103 featuring a woman identified as Johannah C T Anderson was undoubtedly the organ soloist, Hannah Pickle. Hannah became the wife of James Marinus Anderson

Utah Division of State History, http://heritage.utah.gov/apps/history/markers/detailed_results.php? markerid=1928 100

101

People and their place in the History of Lehi MP, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/PeopleandtheirplaceintheHistoryofLehiM-P2.pdf The Salt Lake Herald. (Salt Lake City [Utah) 1870-1909, June 13, 1889, Image 2. (1889). Chroniclingamerica.loc.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/ sn85058130/1889-06-13/ed-1/seq-2/ #date1=1836&index=0&rows=20&words=Hannah+Pickle&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=Utah& date2=1922&proxtext=Hannah+Pickle&y=18&x=18&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1, June 13, 1889, page 2. 102

ander35.jpg. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/ images/1729451? returnLabel=Johannah%20C%20T%20Anderson%20(K27T-3DF)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysea rch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DK27T-3DF%26section%3Dmemories 103

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(1864-1953) on 11 September 1899104. Van Wagoner105 says Hannah and James were in a literary society and that Hannah106 was in a choir around 1905. James Anderson is with wife “Hannah,” age 29, in dwelling 138 in Lehi in the 1900 Census, with son Basil M. and mother-in-law Mary Pickle, 59, born 1841 in Denmark. Their apparent nearest neighbor was Elias Abert Bushman (1849-1925) in dwelling 137 in the 1900 Census. The Bushman’s home in 1910 was identified as the house that stands today at 286 North, 100 West. The Andersons do not appear to have been in the Position 8 home on Block 16(40). A program for memorial services gives the names of the parents of Basil Mordaunt Anderson (1890-1973) as James M. and Hannah Fagerstrom Anderson107. Mary Pickle was the Karren M. Pickle of the 1880 Census.

104

Utah County Marriages 1889-1890, Trails, G. (2016). Genealogytrails.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://genealogytrails.com/utah/utah/marriages_1889_1890.html 105

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 79.

106

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 95.

107

Basil Anderson funeral program.jpg. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/images/19096216? p=7292617&returnLabel=Basil%20Mordaunt%20Anderson%20(9H59V3K)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D9 H59-V3K%26section%3Dmemories

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Block 16(40), Position 8 Adobe Dwelling William Gurney, George Beck, John Gurney (or Sarah Hughes Gurney) William Gurney (1834-1905) and his wife, Julia Jean Gurney (1840-1900), were in the Block 16(40), Position 9 adobe home in the 1860 Census. The home was just south of the site on which the Memorial Building came to stand. The Gurney’s were in the Block 49, Position 14 home in the 1870 and 1880 Censuses. The site came to be occupied by the Lehi Primary School and is now occupied by part of the Lehi Lehi Legacy Center

Johann Georg Beck (1848-1933) and his wife, Anna Johnson (1851-1909), were in the Block 16(40) Position 9 adobe home in the 1870 Census. The home was just south of the site on which the Memorial Building came to stand.

Mormon immigrant William Gurney (1834-1905) of Bedfordshire, England, arrived in Great Salt Lake City in October of 1854108. He stayed there for a short time before moving south to Lehi where he’s said to have built two adobe homes. Twenty-five-year-old William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3890635? returnLabel=William%20Gurney%20(KWNKG6R)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWNK-G6R%26section%3Dmemories 108

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William Gurney, 20-year-old Julia Jean Gurney (1840-1900), and one child were in Lehi in dwelling 3439 in the 1860 Census. They must have been in the first of the two homes William Gurney built Lehi. That home was the Position 9 dwelling on Block 16(40) that stood just south of the future site of the Memorial Building. Ten years later, the 1870 Census, the Gurneys were in dwelling 56. They were in the second of William’s two homes. That home was on the block north of the first home, Block 16(40), Block 49, the future Legacy Center block. Before he visited the Gurneys, the 1860 census taker visited Peter McIntyre (1790-1872) and Elizabeth Marie Colville (1802-1874) in dwelling 3438. They were in the Position 8 adobe home on the future site of the Memorial Building that year. After visiting the Gurneys in the Position 9 adobe dwelling south of the future Memorial Building, the enumerator visited Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895) in dwelling 3440. He was on the same block in the Position 10 adobe dwelling just south of the Position 9 home. Twenty-two-year-old “shoemaker” Johann Georg Beck (1848-1933), known in Lehi as George Beck, and 19-year-old Anna Johnson Beck (1851-1909) were in dwelling 14 the 1870 Census. Beck received the Mayor’s Deed for property on which the Position 9 home stood, the northern half of Lot 8, on 9 February, 1871109. The 1870 census enumerator must have visited George Beck in the Position 9 home, dwelling 14, right after he visited Marcus Erickson in the Position 10 home, dwelling 13, and just before he visited George's brother John Beck in the Position 6 home on the same block, dwelling 15. From there he proceeded to dwelling 16, the home of Gottlieb Beck in the Position 3 dwelling, and from there to dwelling 17, 109

Block 40, line 4

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the Position 23 home of William and Jane Clark, all on Block 16(40). George Beck told his own story110. We arrived in Lehi October 28, 1864. When I arrived in Lehi I started to work for Israel Evans, chopping wood and hauling manure. I got nine dollars for my work for which I bought me a new hat. I then went to work for John C. Na[e]gle (his brother-in-law). … I took up some land at Lehi Junction where I now own seventeen and three-fourths acres and rent it for a cash rent to Melvin Johnson of Lehi Third Ward….

He didn’t mention the Block 16(40), Position 9 dwelling, but George and Anna appear to have lived there before he took up the land at Lehi Junction. They must have moved from there before 1880. William Gurney’s father, 78-year-old John Gurney (1801-1888), appears to have replaced the Becks in the Position 9 home. John Gurney and Mary Bales Gurney (1812-1846) were the parents of two children in England. Mary died in England in 1846, years before her son, William, sailed from England to America in 1854111. William crossed the plains to Utah that same year, apparently by himself at the age of 19112. His father, John, migrated, likewise evidently by himself, from Liverpool to Philadelphia, in 1855113. John Gurney’s name isn’t in the Mormon

Johann Georg Beck, Autobiography. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/7436608? returnLabel=Johann%20Georg%20Beck%20(KW66-3TC)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org %2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKW66-3TC%26section%3Dmemories 110

(2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KWNK-G6R&parents=KWVQ-4JH_LZG8-XBW 111

Press, T. (2016). Pioneer Overland Travels. History.lds.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// history.lds.org/overlandtravels/search?first-name=William&last-name=Gurney&birth-year=1834&deathyear=1905 112

113

John Gurney | Mormon Migration. (2016). Mormonmigration.lib.byu.edu. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://mormonmigration.lib.byu.edu/mii/passenger/33878

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Pioneer Overland Travel database114, but 60-year-old man named John Gurney was working as a farm hand and living in the home of John and Hester Pratt in St. Louis, Missouri, in the 1860 Census. John Gurney was by himself in dwelling 22 in Lehi in the 1880 Census. He’s listed as having the “disability” of “old age”. William Gurney baptized his father in Lehi on 5 September, 1870115. He had apparently come late to Lehi and to have moved into his son’s first Lehi adobe house. According to William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah, William Gurney's first home was built inside the fort116. The Block 16(40), Position 9 home fits that description. The account also says “part of the North fort wall" was used "for one wall of the house.” The block 16(40) home does not fit that description. An 8-rod-wide street encircled the sixteen blocks enclosed by the fort wall in Lehi117. Center Street was the eastern segment of that perimeter street118. A house inside the fort that used the inside wall of the fort as one of its walls would have stood in the street itself. That would have impeded traffic and would not have been acceptable to orderloving Mormon pioneers. The wall ran along the eastern edge of Center Street with its six-foot-wide base of the wall on western 114

Press, T. (2016). Pioneer Overland Travels. History.lds.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// history.lds.org/overlandtravels/ William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3890635? returnLabel=William%20Gurney%20(KWNKG6R)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWNK-G6R%26section%3Dmemories 115

William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3890635? returnLabel=William%20Gurney%20(KWNKG6R)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWNK-G6R%26section%3Dmemories 116

117

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 5.

118

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 399.

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edge of Block 41 itself. The Block 16(40), Position 9 adobe dwelling stood across the street more than eight rods (132 feet) west of the wall and could not have had one the wall of the fort as one of its walls. Furthermore, the description of the first house specified that its wall was the North wall of the fort. The Position 9 home did not have the North wall of the fort as one of its walls. A dwelling at Position 25 on Block 41, the block east of Block 16(40), might have had part of the fort wall as one its walls119. Block 41 lay outside the fort, so the Position 25 dwelling fails the "inside the fort" part of the description of the first home. The Position 25 dwelling was not likely to have been the first home built by William Gurney in Lehi. The Gurneys dwelling 3439 home in the 1860 Census, was much more likely to have been the Position 9, Block 16(40) home, inside the fort. The Block 41, Position 25 home was on the East side of Center Street where it could have used the East wall of the fort as one it's walls. The Sanborn maps show the space between the Position 25 dwelling and the line representing the street to have been wide enough to accommodate the six foot base of the wall. Alvin Schow120 offers information that relates to that space. Alvin is the author of Fort Lehi Wall History121 and the subject of Interview of Alvin Schow122. He says that

The Training and Logistics facility of the Lehi Fire Department at 50 North Center Street occupies the site of the Block 41, Position 25 home today. 119

Alvin Schow, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/ uploads/2014/03/Alvin-Schow.pdf 120

Fort Lehi Wall History By Alvin Schow, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http:// www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/OldFortLehiWallbyAlvinSchow.pdf 121

Interview of Alvin Schow, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/ wp-content/uploads/2012/05/AlvinSchow.pdf 122

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The block between Center Street and 1st East is a bigger block in footage than any other block in Lehi because that Fort Wall ran through the center of the block and when they made the streets the old fort wall was there so they didn’t count that as part of the footage I guess, for a city block. But the footage between Center Street and first East is larger than any other of the city blocks.

The wall didn't exactly run “through the center of the block,” but the blocks between Center Street and First East Street are wider than the other Lehi City blocks. Center Street itself was entirely within the wall which extended along western edge of Block 41, just east of the fort. Maybe the citizens of Lehi can thank the Position 25 adobe dwelling and the fort wall for the extra footage on those blocks. Sarah Hughes Gurney (1845-1897) was a plural wife of William Gurney. She joined the church in England and left for Utah in 1868123. She married William on 14 March, 1870, in Salt Lake City124. She’s not to be found in the 1870 Census, but 35-year-old Sarah Gurney was in dwelling 118 in Lehi in the 1880 Census. Her 9-year-old daughter, Sarah Ann Gurney (1871-1946), born in Lehi on 13 January 1871, was there with her, as were her sons, two-year-old Charles Gurney (1877-1956), and one-year-old Jesse Samuel Gurney (1879-1965). They may have been in the Block 41, Position 25 home on Center Street. Conversely, Sarah and her children could have been in the Block 16(40), Position 9 adobe dwelling in 1880. They were in dwelling 118 while William’s father, John Gurney (1801-1888), was dwelling 22 in Lehi in the 1880 Census. Either Sarah or John could have been in

123Lehi

Banner obituary, 13 April 1897, Lehi Banner, 1897-04-13, Passed Away: Lehi Banner and Lehi Sun. (2016). Udn.lib.utah.edu. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm/compoundobject/ collection/lehiban/id/23335/show/23335/rec/1 124

(2016) Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KWNT-KP5&spouse=KWNK-G6R

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the Block 41, Position 25 home, while the other was in the Block 40, Position 9 home. The notion that Sarah and her children rather than her father-inlaw, John Gurney, were in the Position 9 home on Block 16(40) in 1880 is supported by the presence that year of Karren M. Pickle and her daughter Johanne in dwelling 117, next to Sarah and the children in dwelling 118. If, as seems certain, Karen and her daughter were in the Block 16(40), Position 8 dwelling, the presence of Sarah and her children next door in the Position 9 home would be the correct solution. That would place John Gurney in the Position 25 home on Block 41. Either solution is possible if the census taker was allowed to cross Center Street as he canvased the neighborhood. There doesn't seem to have been much to prevent him from doing that, especially since the wall had probably been removed from the edge of Block 41 by 1880125. William Gurney's sons by Sarah Hughes Gurney, Charles Gurney (1877-1956), Jesse Samuel Gurney (1879-1965) and Orin Isaac Gurney (1882-1942), were in dwelling 171 in the 1900 Census. They were situated between Caroline Bessinger in dwelling 170 in the 1900 Census, and Larsina Birgitte Christensen (1821-1901), as Sina Ericksen, in dwelling 172 in the 1900 Census. Caroline Bessinger was shown above to have been in the Block 16(40), Position 6 home that year. Sina Ericksen was probably in the Position 10 adobe dwelling on the West side of Center Street, just south of the Position 9 dwelling. That would seem to show that the Gurney brothers were in the Block 16(40), Position 9 home in 1900. Sina Ericksen, however, may have been on the East side of Center Street, in a dwelling at Position 20 on the 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps of Block 41. 125

The Block 41, Position 25 home is depicted on the 1922 Sanborn map with the designation 25/72. It was dwelling 56 at 72 North Center. Frank E. Teller and his family were renters in the 1920 Census.

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That might indicate that the Gurney brothers were in the Block 41, Position 25 home in 1900. Wherever the Gurney brothers were in 1900, George Beck sold the Lot 8 property to Charles Gurney, for one dollar in 1900126. Charles Gurney is one of the parties mentioned in connection with the athletic field property127. The Board of Education, Alpine School District, did acquire part of the southern half of Lot 8 on Block 40 from Charles and Julia Gurney on 30 July, 1829128 . The Veterans of Foreign Wars facility attached to the South end of the Memorial Building at 55 North Center is on part the Lot 8 property once occupied by the Position 9 adobe dwelling. The home itself appears to have stood on the site of the lawn and sidewalk between the VFW facility and Center Street. The eastern edge of athletic field, track and viewers bleachers came to occupy the western extreme of the property on which the small position 9 adobe home once stood. The Legacy Center parking lot covers the site today.

126

Block 40, line 69

127

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 304.

128

Block 40, line 192

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Block 16(40), Position 10 Adobe Dwelling Marcus Ericksen Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895) and his wife, Kersten Christina Christensen (1806-1893), were in the Block 16(40), Position 10 adobe home in the 1860, 1870 and 1880 Censuses. The home was on Center Street, south of the site on which the Memorial Building came to stand. It’s occupied the driveway north of the Main Street business district today.

The Position 10 adobe dwelling was dwelling 3440, the home of 52-year-old Marcus Ericksen (1808-1895) and his wife, 53-yearold Kersten Christina Christensen (1806-1893), in the 1860 Census. Ericksen received the Mayor’s Deed for the property on which the home stood, the southern half of Lot 8 on Block 40, in 1871.129 Marcus and Kersten Christina’s daughter, Mette Christine Ericksen (1833-1876), and her husband Jens Peter Ipsen Benson (1831-1898), arrived in Lehi during the move south when Mormons from Salt Lake City fled the threat of Johnston's Army in

129

Block 40, line 2

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1858130. English immigrant, James Harwood (1834-1912), describes the scene at the fort in Lehi131. The people, having still a distrust of the officials at the head of the approaching army, decided that all living north of the point of the mountain should leave their homes for the South. They at once began to put that decision into effect, and thus began the great move so often referred to by older people. In imagination, I can look back to those times, and see a continuous stream of vehicles of all kinds—hand carts, wagons, buggies, carriages, and in fact anything and everything on wheels. People were on foot and horseback; some driving a herd of cattle; another a lot of pigs; a shepherd with a flock of sheep; wagons with cows tied behind; others with a box fastened on the back with fowls of all kinds in; wagons loaded with grain and all kinds of provisions; others with all manner of farming implements, and children of all ages stringing along this side of the point of the mountain to Lehi, until every vacant spot, shed, shop, meeting house, and every house that had room for another family was occupied, and the big fort wall that surrounded the town formed one side to temporary cabins and dugouts that were hastily put up with slats, adobes, mud, or brush, until the town was full and running over.

Peter Benson was with Mette Christine [named Martha, in the census], and three children were in dwelling 3425, the Position 3 adobe dwelling on Block 16(40), in the 1860 Census. Mette Christine’s parents, Marcus and Kersten Christina, had arrived in Great Salt Lake City on 20 September 1858. They settled in Lehi, reuniting with their daughter who had preceded them in the move from the families native land of Denmark to America. 130

History of Marcus Enrichsen and Kjersten Christensdatter, Ancestor Information. (2016). Sites.google.com. Retrieved 23 June 2016, from https://sites.google.com/site/ancestorinformation/tree/ bryan-earl-kingsford-1959/earl-kingsford/julia-elizabeth-benson-1909-1999/daniel-almabenson-1886-1954/alma-peter-benson-1860-1918/1837--kirsten-ericksen/marcusericksen-1808-1895/0---kingsford-family-histories---currently-sorting Family Search: Autobiography, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/1183089?returnLabel=James%20Harwood%20(LDY9FCY)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D LDY9-FCY%26section%3Dmemories 131

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The Ericksens must have still been in the Position 10 home, dwelling 13, in the 1870 Census and in dwelling 23 in the 1880 Census. Kirsten Christina, is designated “Maimed, crippled, bedridden, or otherwise disabled” in the 1880 Census. Another woman, 59-year-old Larsina Birgitte Christensen (1821-1901), as Zina Erickson, was with Marcus and Kirsten Christina. She must have been Marcus’ plural wife. The unlikely date of their marriage, given her presence in his home in 1880, is given as 1893132. Marcus and Kirsten Christina both died before the 1900 census. Larsina was 79-year-old Sina Erickson, by herself, dwelling 172 in the 1900 Census. She was probably in the Position 10 adobe home on the West side of Center Street, but she may have been on the East side of Center Street in the dwelling at Position 20 on the 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps of Block 41. In 1882 Marcus received the Mayor’s deed for part of Lot 2 on Block 41133. That was the property on which the Block 41 Position 20 home stood on the current site of Powell’s Automotive at 11 East Main Street. The Block 40 Position 10 home was removed after 1898. It’s not on the 1907 Sanborn map of Block 40.

132

(2016) Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/tree/ #view=ancestor§ion=details&person=KWJP-Q4T&spouse=KWBB-XNJ 133

Block 41, line 12

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Block 16(40), Position 14 Adobe Dwelling Anders Peterson Anders Peterson (1808-1875) and his wife, Marna Andersdotter (1806-1879), were in the Block 16(40), Position 14 adobe home on Main Street in the 1870 Census. The home is said to have been the “first” adobe home built in Lehi. The site is on or near the site until recently occupied by Porter’s Place restaurant at 24 West Main Street in Lehi.

The Position 14 adobe dwelling on Block 16(40) was the tworoom adobe home of Swedish immigrant Anders Peterson (1808-1875), “East of the old Telephone Office on Main Street.”134 Anders Peterson received the Mayor’s Deed for all of the lot on which the home stood on 10 February, 1871135.

134

Biography of Anders Peterson, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/1706699? returnLabel=Anders%20Peterson%20(KWJF-589)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftre e%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWJF-589%26section%3Dmemories. The home is depicted in early photographs. Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/ Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-xwNxJZj, Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, Celebrations - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http:// museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/Broadbent-Collection/Celebrations/i-sKWPqVs, Lehi Yesteryearsremembering the Cotter Building, historian, R. (2016). Lehi Yesteryears - remembering Cotter Building. Daily Herald. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.heraldextra.com/news/local/lehi-yesteryears--remembering-cotter-building/article_16339fd6-61cb-5daa-985c-108446e0f341.html, Home of Anders and Marna Peterson, Peterson Family.jpg. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/images/13287137? returnLabel=Anders%20Peterson%20(KWJF-589)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftre e%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWJF-589%26section%3Dmemories 135

Lot 1, Block 40, line 3

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Anders Peterson and Marna Andersdotter Peterson (1806-1879) were in dwelling 9, the Position 14 adobe dwelling, with their son, 22-year-old “laborer”Johannes Peterson (1848-1928), in the 1870 Census136 . Biography of Anders Peterson137 claims that his was “the first” adobe home in Lehi. If that was the case, someone else must have occupied the home before the Peterson, who didn’t arrive in Utah until 1862. Many other Lehi residents were living in adobe homes by then. Anders Peterson died on 20 September 1875 of injuries received from a fall from a wagon. The Block 40 property Anders Peterson acquired in 1871 passed from the “heirs of Anders Peterson” to Johannes Peterson in 1878138. On 17 November 1886, Johannes sold part of “1 and E1/2 of 2” to Benjamin Powell139. Through the coming years the property went through numerous transactions as part of the Main Street business district was built up on the site of the old Peterson home.

136

Their Block 40 neighbors that year included 41-year-old Paulinus Harvey Allred (1829-1900) of Tennessee and 40-year-old Melissa Isabell Norton Allred (1824-1892) of Indiana and their children in dwelling 7 in the 1870 Census, and 33-year-old Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908) of Bornholm, Denmark, and 33-year-old Margarethe Christine Hansen Holm (1817-1896), also of Bornholm, in dwelling 8. Biography of Anders Peterson, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/1706699? returnLabel=Anders%20Peterson%20(KWJF-589)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftre e%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWJF-589%26section%3Dmemories 137

138

Block 40, line 13

139

Block 40, line 14

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Block 16(40), Position 16 Adobe Dwelling Jens Neilsen Holm, Johannes Peterson Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908) and his wife, Margarethe Christine Hansen (1817-1896), were in an adobe home on Block 16(40) at about Position 16 on Main Street in the 1870 Census. It stood at about 40 West Main Street. The home is not depicted on the Sanborn maps. Holm sold the home to Johannes Peterson (1848-1928) who replaced him there in the 1980 Census.

Johannes Peterson (1848-1928) and his wife, Rhoda Jane Ashton (1853-1913), were in a home on Block 16(40) not depicted on the Sanborn maps in the 1880 Census. The home must have stood on Main Street, between 16 and 17. Holm purchased the home from Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908) who had been there in the 1970 Census.

Fifth-three-year-old Jens Neilsen Holm (1818-1908) of Bornholm, Denmark, and 53-year-old Margarethe Christine Hansen (1817-1896), also of Bornholm, were in dwelling 8 in the 1870 Census. Jens and his wife and daughter came to Lehi on

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July 4, 1858140. Their first home was a “two-room adobe building located on main street near where the Rocky Mountain Telephone Company building” was later located. It must have stood on the site designated Position 16 on the 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps on the eastern one-half of Lot 2. Jens holm received the Mayor’s deed for that property on 11 February, 1871141. The 1907 Sanborn map depicts the telephone office at position 14 1/2 just east of the midline of the Block. The building is still standing today at 46 West Main Street. A brick building labelled “Off.” is depicted there on the 1907 map. West of that, another slightly smaller brick building labelled “Off.” is depicted on the 1907 map on what would have been Lot 2. The Jens Holm adobe home must have been removed to make way for that small brick building. In 1876 Jens Holm sold the eastern one-half of Lot 2 on Block 16(40) to Johannes Peterson (1848-1928)142. The result of that transaction is indicated by the lines on the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps. The Anders Peterson Position 14 adobe dwelling is depicted on an enlarged lot that extends from Center Street three-fourths of the way to First West Street. Jens Holm moved to a two-room adobe building on the Southwest corner of Center Street and Third North Street in Lehi143. That placed him on Lot 4

Jens Neilson Holm 1818-1908, Jens Neilson Holm 1818-1908. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/21228609? returnLabel=Jens%20Nielsen%20Holm%20(KWJFJP8)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DK WJF-JP8%26section%3Dmemories 140

141

Block 40, line 5

142

Block 40, line 27. The date of the purchase was 20 June 1883.

143

Jens Neilson Holm 1818-1908, Jens Neilson Holm 1818-1908. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/21228609? returnLabel=Jens%20Nielsen%20Holm%20(KWJFJP8)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DK WJF-JP8%26section%3Dmemories

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on Block 58, the site of a home that stands today at 281 North Center Street. Johannes Peterson, his wife Rhoda Jane Ashton (1853-1913), and three children, including daughter Armitta Peterson (1874-1967), were in dwelling 28 in the 1880 Census. Johannes’ father Anders Peterson died on 20 September 1875. His mother, Marna, afterward made her home with Johannes and his family until her death on 30 April 1879 144. Daughter Armitta says that Johannes moved out of his parent’s home when he got married145. She says she herself was born in an adobe house one block west and half a block north of the Lehi First Ward Meeting house146. They lived there a short time until a “new home” was purchased on Main Street "about where the telephone office now stands". That was the Position 16 home that had been the home of Jens Holm147.

Biography of Anders Peterson, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/1706699? returnLabel=Anders%20Peterson%20(KWJF-589)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftre e%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWJF-589%26section%3Dmemories 144

Armitta – Born December 12, 1874, https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/9237986? returnLabel=Armitta%20Peterson%20(KWC8XJW)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWC8-XJW%26section%3DmemoriesARMITTA – BORN DECEMBER 12, 1874. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/9237986? returnLabel=Armitta%20Peterson%20(KWC8XJW)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWC8-XJW%26section%3Dmemories 145

She says the home was owned by Andrew R. Anderson. According to Van Wagoner, Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 409, Anderson served as a councilor to Bishop Thomas R. Cutler alongside William Clark from 1888 to 1902. 146

See also a history of James Leonard Clark (1901-1982), son of James and Armitta Peterson Clark, which cites a document by Gloria Stratton called The Comings and Goings of the James and Armitta Clark Family, 147

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On 17 November 1886, Johannes Peterson sold part of “1 and E1/2 of 2” to Benjamin Powell148. Johannes and Rhoda Jane and their children moved to a farm northeast of town on “the bench.” Through the years the Block 16(40) property went through numerous transactions as the Main Street business district expanded.

148

(Block 40, line 14)

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Block 16(40), Position 18/19 Adobe Dwelling Paulinus Allred Paulinus Harvey Allred (1829-1900) and his wife, Melissa Isabell Norton (1824-1892), were in an adobe home at Position 18/19 on Block 16(40) in 1860 and in 1870. The home was near the site on which the Log School stood. It was replaced by the Merrihew which was built on the Northeast corner of First West Street and Main Street in 1899 at 96 or 98 West Main Street.

An important eighteen-by-twenty-four-foot edifice constructed of cottonwood logs called the Log School is described as having been the scene of church, civic, military and social gatherings. It was built in the fall of 1851 while the settlers were building their own log cabins on the banks of Dry Creek149. The Dry Creek settlement later became known as Evansville and then as Lehi City. It straddled the creek in the vicinity of what became the intersection of Fifth West and Third North, a little north and west of the Lehi Roundup-Up Rodeo Grounds. The citizens of Evansville and others in the Lehi area moved their cabins to the fort in 1853. Gardner’s History of Lehi150 says the Richard Van Wagoner, Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 4.; and Lehi’s Thurman School Lehi Yesteryear, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/ 2013/11/TheThurmanSchoolbyRichardVanWagoner.pdf 149

150

Hamilton Gardner, 1913, History of Lehi, Including a Biographical Section, Full text of "History of Lehi, including a biographical section..". (2016). Archive.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// archive.org/stream/historyoflehiinc00gardrich/historyoflehiinc00gardrich_djvu.txt, p. 67.

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Log School was torn down and rebuilt near the Northeast corner of the fort, approximately where the Mountain States Telephone office stood in 1913. That placed the log structure on the North side of Main Street which is the South side of Block 16(40). Richard Van Wagoner151 says it was moved to approximately 80 West Main Street before the winter of 1854-55. He says it was converted into a theater for the first performance of the Lehi Dramatic Club on the Saturday following 16 February 1955. James Whitehead Taylor claimed credit for the club152. He says that in 1854 he started a dramatic association where citizens “played many times and had lots of fun.” The Log School was immediately south of the northern row and west of the eastern rows of cabins that had been moved from Dry Creek. It’s depicted there in a drawing of the first phase of the fort in a typescript Autobiography of James Harwood 1834-1912153. According to Van Wagoner154 the Log School continued to be used for educational and other functions as late as 1864 when the city council occasionally used the building. He says that the earliest property records of the Utah County Recorder’s Office show Paulinus Harvey Allred (1829-1900) owning the site of the Log School in 1871. Allred, Van Wagoner says, sold the property 151

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 275.

152

James Whitehead Taylor by Anne Chambers, James Whitehead Taylor by Anne Chambers. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/8788342? returnLabel=James%20Whitehead%20Taylor%20(KWJBNKB)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWJB-NKB%26section%3Dmemories

Autobiography of James Harwood 1834-1912. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/1183089? 153

returnLabel=James%20Harwood%20(LDY9FCY)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D LDY9-FCY%26section%3Dmemories , from the Lehi Historical Society and Archives, Lehi

Historical Society and Archives - Lehi City. (2016). Lehi City. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/community/archives/ \ 154

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 296-297.

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to Henry Joyce in 1896. No one knows precisely when the school was torn down, he says, but in 1900 S. W. Ross built a large building on the site which in 1989 was the Laney building. Paulinus Allred did receive the Mayor’s deed for the property in question, the West half of Lot 2 (and all of Lot 3) in 1871,155 and he did sell the property to Henry Joyce in 1896156. Henry Joyce then sold part of Lots 2 and 3 to H. B. Merrihew on 14 August, 1900157. It’s clear from the 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps of Block 16(40) that Paulinus Allred’s home stood at Position 18/19158, on the corner of the block on the site that appears to have included both the site of the Merrihew Building and part of that S. W. Ross “large building” east of it. Property records show that Henry Joyce sold the West half of Lot 2 and part of Lot 3 to S. W. Ross and Amanda Ross on 16 October, 1900159. Funeral services were held for Melissa Isabell Norton Allred (1824-1892), the wife of Paulinus Allred, in August 1892. Her neighbor, William Clark, was among those who “spoke in eulogistic terms of the deceased and offered consoling remarks to the relatives and friends” at services that held “at the family residence”160. Melissa was with “cordmaker” Paulinus Allred and three children in Great Salt Lake, Utah Territory, in the 1850 155

Block 40, line 7

156

Block 40, line 23

157

Block 40, line 36

158

The dwelling actually appears to have faced west onto First West Street at position 19 on the Sanborn maps. It’s at position 18 on Main Street on the maps. 159

Block 40, lines 38, 39

1892-8-27 Deseret News - Melissa Norton Allred obituary, 1892-8-27 Deseret News - Melissa Norton Allred - obituary #2.JPG. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// 160

familysearch.org/photos/images/1027980?returnLabel=Melissa%20Isabell%20Norton%20(KWJYX8J)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWJYX8J%26section%3Dmemories

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Census. They moved to Lehi in 1854 where they “built an adobe home near the center of town” and raised a family of eight children161. The Allred’s home was the adobe Position 18/19 adobe dwelling on the 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps. The Allreds and six children were in Lehi in dwelling 3427 in the 1860 Census. William and Jane Stevenson Clark (1820-1895) and their seven children were nearby in dwelling 3426 in the 1860 Census. They were in the Position 23 dwelling just north of the Allred’s home. The Allreds were in dwelling 7 in the 1870 Census, next to Jens Holm in dwelling 8 in the Position 16 home, who was next to Anders Peterson in dwelling 9, the Position 14 home. All were on the southern edge of Block 16(40) on the North side of Main Street. Melissa Isabell’s obituary asserts the day previous to her death in 1892 she walked 125 yards to see the procession on “July 25th”. It would seem that if she and Paulinus had stayed in the Position 18/19 home she would not have had to walk at all. The procession would likely have passed her home on Main Street. The Clark’s were in dwelling 20 in the 1880 Census. Their neighbors that year were Isaac Harvey Allred (1850-1923), his wife Ursula Mulliner (1854-1914), and three children in dwelling 19 in the 1880 Census. Isaac was a son of Paulinus and Melissa Isabel Allred. Isaac and Ursula appear to have moved into the Block 16(40) Position 18/19 adobe in which Isaac had lived with his parents. The Allred’s Position 18/19 adobe home isn't on the 1907 Sanborn map. It had been removed to make way for the building marked “Drugs” at Position 18. That was the Merrihew building that had been built on the site in 1900.

161

Paulinus Harvey Allred 1829-1900, Paulinus Harvey Allred 1829 – 1900 By Debra Gunther Holley, great-great-granddaughter. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/2093095

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Allred’s biographical sketch162 says that he grew the first stack of alfalfa hay in Lehi in 1867. That hay may have been on Lot 3, between the Allred’s adobe home at position 18/19, and the Clark’s adobe home at position 23. Allred sold the western half of Lot 2 and all of Lot 3 to Henry Joyce in 1896163. The Allreds were not directly involved in any of the athletic field transactions. Van Wagoner164 mentions Christopher Hackett (1850-1936) as having had property that became part of the athletic field. Utah County property records show that Hackett sold part of Lot 3 on Block 40 to the Alpine School District in 1829165. That would have been part of the Paulinus Allred property on what became the southern end of the field. Christopher Hackett came to America with his family from England in 1850. They settled first in Independence, Missouri. A brother, passing through Utah on the way to California, became converted to Mormonism, married and settled in Alpine, Utah166. He then went back to Missouri and converted his mother and Christopher who returned with him to Utah. In 1880 Christopher moved to Lehi to operate a flour mill on the site of the future Lehi Sugar Factory, but not for long. He took his family to Wyoming, to Provo, to Alpine, to Salt Lake City and then back to Lehi. He was involved in tailoring, carpentry, milling flour and lumber, farming, Paulinus Harvey Allred 1829-1900, Paulinus Harvey Allred 1829 – 1900 By Debra Gunther Holley, great-great-granddaughter. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/2093095 162

163

Block 40, line 23

164

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 304.

165

Block 40, line 193

Christopher Charles Hackett, Christopher Charles Hackett. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3247791? returnLabel=Christopher%20Charles%20Hackett%20(KWZ5-322)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilyse arch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWZ5-322%26section%3Dmemories 166

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merchandising, casket making and mining, all along active in church callings. Hackett was with his wife children in Alpine, Utah, in the 1900 Census and in the 1910 Census. He was at 321 North, 100 West in Lehi in the 1920 Census and at 11 South Center in Lehi in the 1930 Census. It doesn't appear that he ever lived on the athletic field property.

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Position 21, Block 16(40) Adobe Dwelling Southworth Building The Southworth Building was named for Walter Wilford Southworth (1860-1950). He was with his wife and children were in American Fork in 1910 Census. His 1950 Utah Certificate of Death167 identifies him as a “Dry Goods Store Operator - retired”. The Salt Lake Herald168 reported that Mr. Southworth was “in Lehi looking over the city with a view of opening up a general merchandise store” which appears to have been the principle use of the Southworth Building. On 12 December 1896, Paulinus Allred sold all of the West one-half of Lot 2 and all of Lot 3 to Henry Joyce169. That would have included the Paulinus Allred adobe home on the Southwest corner of Block 40 and all of his property north to the line that separated his Lot 3 property from William Clark’s property on Lot 4 to include the property on which the Southworth Building stood. On 14 August 1900, Henry Joyce sold part of Lots 2 and 3 to H. B. Merrihew170. That transaction would also have included the Allred house on the corner which was replaced that year by the Merrihew building on Main Street. Some portion of Lot 3 north of the Merrihew building was also included, probably that on which the Position 21 building stood. On 16 October 1900, Henry Joyce sold part of the West half of

Certificate of Death, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/ patron/v2/TH-301-47525-183-12/dist.jpg? ctx=ArtCtxPublic&session=USYS3172519A01CF128380BB6172582501C1_idses-prod01.a.fsglobal.net 167

The Salt Lake Herald, The Salt Lake herald. (Salt Lake City [Utah) 1870-1909, September 12, 1902, Image 5. (1902). Chroniclingamerica.loc.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http:// chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85058130/1902-09-12/ed-1/seq-5/ #date1=1836&index=7&rows=20&words=Lehi+Southworth&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=Utah &date2=1922&proxtext=Southworth+Lehi&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1, September 12, 1902, page 5, 168

169

Block 40, line 23

170

Block 40, line 36

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Lot 2 and part of Lot 3 to Stephen W. Ross and Amanda Ross171. Stephen William Ross (1870-1952) and his sister Amanda Jane Ross (1866-1925) established the “Ross Block” on Main Street. The 1907 Sanborn map depicts that Ross Block at positions 16 and 17 on Main Street, immediately east of and adjacent to the Merrihew Position 18 building labelled “Drugs.” As described by Van Wagoner, the Ross Block is divided into three compartments, from west to east a compartment labeled “D. G.” (dry goods), one labelled “Bank,” and one labelled “P. O.” (post office). The property on which the Merrihew and Ross Block building stood are separated by a line which indicates the line between the West half and the East half of Lot 2. The East half had previously passed from Jens Holm to Johannes Peterson who joined to the Lot 1 property Peterson had inherited from his father. That portion of the Main Street business district was developed over the years. On 1 August 1906, Henry Joyce sold “all” of Lot 3 to the Lehi Cash Store172. According to Van Wagoner173, the Lehi Cash Store had opened in January 1904, at 86 West Main. Van Wagoner174 says it was a dry goods mercantile. It moved into what he calls the former Ross & Ross quarters in 1904. The corporations officers included Walter W. Southworth. That indicates that the Position 21, 40 North, First West building was built on property obtained by The Lehi Cash Store from Henry Joyce in 1906. It must have been built in 1906 or 1907. It’s

171

Block 40, lines 38, 39

172

Block 40, line 62

173

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 17

174

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 134.

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the building Van Wagoner175 called the “new Southworth Building just north of the Lehi Drug store (98 West Main).” According to Van Wagoner176 early Lehi dentist Dr. Johan Nicolai Christensen (1836-1914) maintained an office in the Lehi Hotel Building at 394 West Main during 1896. His son, Harold D Christensen (1888-1955), established himself in the former Steele Building at 60 West Main in 1913. This became a branch office of Utah Power and Light in 1915 and Dr. Christensen moved his dental parlor into the Southworth Building. Dr. Harold Christensen, was in dwelling 167 at 507 North, 100 West in the 1920 Census, listed as “Dentist” with his “Own Office.” He was in dwelling 9 in the 1930 Census at 240 North, First West. It does not appear that Dr. Christensen ever used the Southworth Building as his residence. The fact that the “house” was a dental parlor during at least part of the period between 1910 and 1930 might explain why the building doesn't appear as a dwelling in the census records for those years.

175

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 321.

176

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 321.

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Block 16(40), Position 23 Adobe Dwelling William Clark William Clark (1825-1910) and his wife, Jane Stevenson Clark (1820-1895), were in the Block 16(40), Position 23 adobe home on First West Street in the 1860, 1870, and 1880 Censuses. The home was removed when the Lehi High School/ Junior High School athletic field was installed in 1930 site of the home is now part of the Legacy Center parking lot.

The Block 16(40), Position 23 adobe dwelling was the second pioneer adobe home of English Mormon immigrant William Clark (1825-1910). The home is depicted north of the middle of the block on First West Street on the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps. It's at position 66 on the 1922 map, indicating that the address might be 66 North, 100 West if was still in place today. In 1929 the property on which it stood was sold to the Alpine School District. The following year the home was removed to make way for the new Lehi High School/Junior High School athletic field. It’s now part of a parking lot serving the Lehi Legacy Center. In addition to the home itself, several associated wood frame structures and one small adobe structure, are shown near the Position 23 dwelling on the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps. One or more of those frame structures might have accommodated

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The pioneer adobe home of William Clark (1825-1910) stood on First West Street at a site that would come to be designated 66 North, 100 West in Lehi. It’s depicted at Position 23 on the Sanborn maps. It was removed in 1930 to make way for the Lehi High School/ Junior High School athletic field. The parking lot south of the Lehi Legacy Center now covers the site.

William Clark’s pigs. His granddaughter Juliette Evans Goates Taylor (1887-1980) talks about his pigs177. He and grandma went away and the girls went and cleaned the house and they always put new straw each year into their ticks and they were nice and they dumped it in the pig pen and that's where he had his money safe. So it was quite a job to get in and get that money out of that pen after the pigs were in it, and then he didn't appreciate it I guess.

William Clark (1825-1910) and His Family, (2016). Dkwilde.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// dkwilde.com/Genealogy/Clark/William_Clark.pdf 177

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1914-1915 view of Main Street at First West from a twenty-inch-wide panoramic view of Lehi’s Main Street Historic District. The Merrihew/Dalley Building is in the foreground. The pioneer adobe home of William Clark (1825-1910) on First West Street is east the large trees on the viewer’s left. From Lehi Historical Society and Archives.

Thirty-five-year-old William Clark was in the Block 16(40), Position 23 home with 39-year-old Jane Stevenson Ross Clark, 20-yearold John Edgar Ross, 19-year-old Stephen Weeks Ross, 17-yearold Sarah Elizabeth Ross, 7-year-old Emily Jane Clark, 5-year-old William Wheeler Clark, 3-year-old Martha Geneva Clark and 1year-old Mary Ann Clark in dwelling 3426 in Lehi in the 1860 Census. William is designated “farmer” in the census. He owned real estate valued at $300, with personal estate valued at $400. These are not the highest values across several pages of the census, but they are higher than most and seem appropriate for a farmer in a relatively substantial adobe home. Four of the seven children had attended school within the year. Ten years later, 45-year-old William and 48-year-old Jane were with their children, 17-year-old Emily Jane, 15-year-old William Wheeler, 14-year-old Martha Geneva, 11-year-old Mary Ann, 9year-old Hannah Marie, 6-year-old Juliet and 4-year-old Rosella in dwelling 17 in the 1870 Census. There’s no reason to believe that they were not still in the Position 23 home. William, once again listed as a farmer, owned $800 in real estate and $700 in 69 of 96

personal estate. Three of the seven children had attended school within the year. No family member was marked as being unable to read, but Mary Ann was designated “cannot write.” Fifty-six-year-old William, 59-year-old Jane, 18-year-old Hannah Marie, 17-year-old Juliet, 14-year-old Rosilla, and 7-year-old Sevilla Jane were in dwelling 20 in the 1880 Census. They must still have been in the Position 23 adobe dwelling. As in 1870, William is designated a farmer, but values of real and personal estate are not part of the 1880 census. The four children in the home had all attended school within the census year. According to Richard Van Wagoner178, Jane Stevenson Ross Clark was with William in the pioneer adobe home on the future site of the athletic field when she died on 21 September 1895. Seventy-four-year-old William Clark was still in the home which was dwelling 163 in the 1900 Census. Ella Armitta Clark Muhlestein (1904-1989), William’s granddaughter but not Jane’s, explains the presence of William’s 29-year-old daughter, Mary Jane Clark (1870-1948), in the home with him that year. Ella Armitta says that her aunt Mary Jane “took care of Grandpa Clark until he died.”179 “Before that,” she says, “she had to quit school in the fifth grade to take care of her mother, who was ill, till she died.” Mary Jane’s mother was William’s plural wife, Margaret Boardman Clark (1840-1894). Mary Jane had been with William in the pioneer adobe home when he married Julia Anna Angell

Lehi Free Press (2016). Chroniclingamerica.loc.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84002074/, Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-300-39171-124-79/dist.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic 178

Ella Armitta Clark Muhlestein - My History, (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/5327372?returnLabel=Ella%20Armitta%20Clark%20(KWCVBR5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWCV-BR5%26section%3Dmemories 179

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Knudson Clark (1871-1966) on 12 November, 1896180. Julia Anna appears to have joined William and Mary Jane in the Position 23 pioneer adobe home until she left Lehi and went to live with her daughter in Provo, presumably before 1900. Ella Armitta Clark was the daughter of James Clark (1875-1939), a son of William and Margaret Boardman Clark, and Armitta Peterson Clark (1874-1967). Ella Armitta says that her parent’s first home was part of William Clark’s house181. She adds that the house was “located two houses north of the bank on Main Street, Lehi, Utah.” She says her sister, Jennive Clark Dransfield (1896-1981), was born there [on 23 August 1896]. That’s confirmed by Jennive herself who says that James and Armitta shared part of the house of William Clark, adding that they were living in this “borrowed” home when she herself was born182. Ella Armitta adds that her parents lived in the William Clark home for a year, then built a two room brick home on the bench northeast of Lehi.

William Clark (1825-1910): His Pioneer Adobe Home in Lehi, Utah, and the Homes of his Neighbors and Descendants, https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B5wDxipAGQN2cmRUN0Z0NklMaTA/ view?usp=sharing 180

Ella Armitta Clark Muhlestein - My History. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/5327372?returnLabel=Ella%20Armitta%20Clark%20(KWCVBR5)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWCV-BR5%26section%3Dmemories 181

Home and Family. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/ photos/stories/9238488?returnLabel=Jennive%20Clark%20(KWC9R7P)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWC9-R7P%26section%3Dmemories 182

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The bank Ella Armitta and Jennive referred to occupied in the Merrihew Building183 on the Southwest corner of Block 40 at the intersection of First West Street and Main Street. Paulinus Harvey Allred and his family had been in an adobe home on the site at Position 18/19 on the 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps, but the 1907 Sanborn map depicts the Merrihew Building at position 18 on Main Street. Two buildings identified as dwellings are depicted on First West Street north of it, one at position 21, the other at position and 23. The Position 23 dwelling is the pioneer adobe home of William Clark. Ella Armitta would have referred to the Merrihew Building as she remembered it, some time between 1919 and 1953, when it was the bank, but the bank was yet to be built when her parents occupied William Clark’s pioneer adobe home in 1896. Ella Armitta’s bank is labelled “Drugs” on the 1907 Sanborn map, a reminder that the Merrihew Building was a drugstore before it became a bank. The Merrihew Building is depicted as the westernmost building in a series of adjacent buildings along the North side of Main Street. The Merrihew drug store/bank Building and the Southworth Building and the pioneer adobe home of William Clark are visible in an early photograph of Main Street reproduced in Van Wagoner’s Pioneering Lehi History: A 150 Year Pictorial History184. The photograph has the following caption.

183

The history of the building, under the name Harry B. Merrihew Drugstore, presented on a National Register of Historic Places—Nomination Form, (2016). Focus.nps.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// focus.nps.gov/pdfhost/docs/NRHP/Text/82004170.pdf, says the building was constructed in 1899 on part of Lot 2 of Block 40 which extends north 6 rods (99’) from the Southwest corner of the lot. A plaque (Merrihew/Dalley Building - Lehi, Utah, USA - Utah Historical Markers on Waymarking.com . (2016). Waymarking.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/ WMDTV2_Merrihew_Dalley_Building_Lehi_Utah_USA) on the side of the building also gives particulars. The Merrihew Building has housed a variety of businesses, as described by Exploring with Jacob Barlow: Historic Buildings, Barlow, J., Barlow, J., Barlow, J., Barlow, J., Barlow, J., & Barlow, J. et al. (2016). Lehi | JacobBarlow.com. Jacobbarlow.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://jacobbarlow.com/tag/lehi/ 184

Pioneering Lehi City: A 150-Year Pictorial History, 2001, p. 295.

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These two 1914-1915 views of Main Street at First West were originally a single, twenty-inch-wide panoramic view of the area now incorporated in Lehi’s Main Street Historic District, an area listed on the National Register of Historic Places. … Abe Ekins, proprietor of the Lehi Drug Store, sold hundreds of these cards for five cents.

By far the most prominent feature on the right-hand pane of the panorama is the Merrihew Building itself. The door has a “Lehi Drug Store” sign. To the viewer’s right Main Street extends eastward. On the left First West Street extends north past the West side of the Merrihew Building. The street is visible to the point where it ends in a “T” at Sixth North Street, though resolution is low. Tracks visible in the dirt on First West Street might have been made by motorized vehicles, but they’re more likely the tracks of horse-drawn conveyances. There’s a hitching post on the side of the street, a reminder of Van Wagoner’s assertion that the photograph was taken during the period when automobiles first began to appear in Lehi. A walkway extends along the West side the Merrihew building. An August 1930 north addition185 would replace the wooden sheds that occupy the area in the panorama, the frame structures. Immediately beyond the sheds the roof of the 1907 Sanborn map Position 21 Southworth building is visible. Further up First West Street the Position 23 pioneer adobe home of William Clark is visible in the photograph. It’s partly obscured by trees but there’s no doubt that it’s the house in a photograph of the William Clark Home186. The narrow space between the barely LEHI DRUG STORE STATE BANK OF LEHI JULIAN DRUG DALLEY’S, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/LehiDrugStoreDalleys.pdf 185

William Clark Home, (2016). Wildague.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.wildague.com/ Genealogy/showmedia.php?mediaID=55&medialinkID=96 186

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visible picket fence and the house is occupied by those large trees. They're in full leaf so the photograph must have been taken in summer. The smoke stack187 for the heating building that serviced the Grammar School188 and the Primary School189 is visible in the distance between the back part of the Clark home and the Southworth building. The 112-foot tower of the old Lehi Tabernacle190 isn't visible in the panorama. According to Van Wagoner191, work on the tabernacle began in 1900 and was completed for dedication in 1910. The view must have been blocked by the Merrihew building. Around the time of the panorama photograph, William Clark’s property on the Northwest quadrant of Block 16(40) was distributed to some of his children. Mary Jane Clark purchased part of Lot 5 from her father for one dollar in 1908192. She then sold the exact same property to Jane Lewis in 1921 for $525.00, who sold it to the Alpine School district “for one dollar and other

187

Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-pBgT6xW/A Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-vWGtFbk 188

Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/Broadbent-Collection/Buildings-1/i-PBrbSth 189

190

Then and now: A Lehi landmark. (2008). DeseretNews.com. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http:// www.deseretnews.com/article/695261046/Then-and-now-A-Lehi-landmark.html?pg=all Lehi Tabernacle, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/ uploads/2014/03/LehiTabernaclebyRichardVanWagoner.pdf 191

Block 40, line 82, pt 5. William Clark, a widower to Mary Jane Clark, $1.00. 11/21/08, 5/26/10. Beginning at the North West corner of Block 40 … thence East 2.35 chains; thence South 1.34 chains; thence West 2.35 chains, thence North 1.34 chains, to point of beginning. Area 3 1/100 acre. 192

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valuable considerations” in 1929193 . That explains why Van Wagoner194 mentioned Jane Lewis in connection with property that became the athletic field. Jane Lewis was Jane Sarah Goodey Lewis (1856-1953), the wife of Henry Ray Lewis (1854-1931). She and her husband were prominent in Lehi business, civic and church affairs195 . William Clark similarly sold part of Lot 4, the property on which the Position 23 adobe home stood, to his step-daughter Sarah Elizabeth Ross and his daughter Emily Jane Clark in 1908196. The deed gives the addresses of the two women as Wallsburg City, Wasatch County. The two of them then sold the property to their brother, William Wheeler Clark, in 1914, who in turn sold it to the Alpine School District in 1929197. The portions of Lots 4 and 5 involved in the sales were west of the line the 1890, 1898 and 1907 Sanborn maps show between the Position 23 and Position 3 adobe homes. Initially, William Clark owned the property east of that line to the center of the block. He would have had possession of the western portion of the Position 3 adobe home. Transactions with his neighbor, John

Block 40, line 186, pt. 5. Mary Jane Peterson Clark, formerly Mary Jane Clark to Jane S. Lewis. $525.00. 2/15/21. Block 40, line 187, pt. 5. Jane S. Lewis to Alpine School District. 6/13/29. Beginning at the North West corner of Block 40 … thence East 2.35 chains; thence South 1.34 chains; thence West 2.35 chains, thence North 1.34 chains, to point of beginning. Area 3 1/100 acre. 193

194

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 304.

195

People and their place in the History of Lehi, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 9 May 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/PeopleandtheirplaceintheHistoryofLehiI-L2.pdf Block 40, line 88, pt 4. William Clark, a widower to Sarah Elizabeth Ross and Emily Jane Sabey, of Wallsburg City, Wasatch County, $1.00. 11/12/08. Beginning 1.34 chains South from the North West corner of Block 40 … thence East 2.35 chains; thence South 1.34 chains; thence West 2.35 chains, thence north 1.34 chains to point of beginning. Area, 3 1/100 of an acre. 196

197

Block 40, line 105, pt 4. Sarah Elizabeth Ross and Emily Jane Sabey, of Wallsburg City, Wasatch County, to William W. Clark, $800.00. 10/17/14. Block 40, line 194, pt 4. William W. Clark and his wife, Martha C. Clark to Alpine School District. 8/20/29.

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Beck, would give him all of the Position 3 home and would result in the line on the maps separating it from the Position 23 home.

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Block 16(40), Position 24, Adobe Dwelling Robert Dunn Robert Dunn (1818-1885) of Derbyshire, England, listed a $250.00 adobe house on Lot 5 of Block 16(40) on his 1857 consecration deed. Forty-two-year-old Dunn was with 36-year-old Mary Chippendale Dunn (1824-1900) and three others in dwelling 3420 in the 1860 Census. The address of the adobe home might be 86 North, 100 West today. The site is now part of the parking lot of the Lehi Legacy Center. As Maryann Cook, Mary Chippendale198 was in Plain City, Weber County, Utah Territory, in the 1870 Census. Robert Dunn was with 42-year-old Euesline Dunn in Sugar House, Salt Lake County, in the 1870 Census. Robert Dunn’s adobe house appears to have been removed before 1890. William Clark received the Mayor’s deed for Lot 5, Block 16(40), in 1871. The lot is vacant on the 1890 Sanborn map.

198

See Chronological Notes by SHB for Robert Dunn (1818-1885), m. my Ancestor, Mary Ellen Chippendale, Among Others, https://familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/17076652? returnLabel=Robert%20Dunn%20(KWJ4-3PC)&returnUrl=https://familysearch.org/tree/person/ KWJ4-3PC/memories

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Block 49 Pioneer Adobe Homes

1898 Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 49. Lehi Legacy Center at 123 North Center Street occupies most of the block today. The corral on the extreme southwest corner of the block at position 54 belonged to William Clark. It was the original site of the Pioneer Monument erected to commemorate the old fort wall.

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Sanborn Fire Insurance Map of Lehi, Utah, Block 49, 1907. The jail, the Lehi Primary School, and the Samuel Joseph Taylor (1862-1921) home/public library are depicted.

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The Pioneer Monument in its original position that marked the site of the remains of the old fort found in William Clark’s corral. The photographer is standing northwest of the monument looking to the southeast. The barn in the background on the right would have been on William Clark’s property. The house visible to the left of the monument would have been on the South side of First North Street. It must be the Position 3, William Clark/ James Maw/ Jens Peter Ipsen Benson/ Johann Gottlieb Beck/ William Wheeler Clark/ James Edgar Ross/ Hyrum Timothy/ Lehi School District 12/ Mary A. Stickney/ Joseph Andreason pioneer adobe home on Block 16(40).

The large building on the left is the Lehi Grammar School. The Lehi Tabernacle in the center background, the Lehi Primary School on the behind the heating plant with the tall smoke stack. The Pioneer Monument that marked the site of the remains of the old fort found in William Clark’s corral is visible at the far right on the corner of First West and First North.

Block 49 was laid out immediately north of the Northeast corner of the fort. A library, the Lehi Grammar and Primary Schools and finally the Lehi Legacy Center and Pioneer Park came to occupy an expanded Block 49. 81 of 96

Like the other blocks outside the fort, Block 49 was divided into four equal-sized lots. Mayor’s Deeds were extended by Mayor William H. Winn to individuals for three of the four lots on Block 49 in 1871. Mayor Andrew R. Anderson issued a Mayor’s Deed for the fourth lot in 1879. Lot 1, Elizabeth McIntyre, 1/27/71 (Block 49, line 3) Lot 2, William Clark, 1/21/71 (Block 49, line 1) Lot 3, S1/2, William Clark, 1/21/71 (Block 49, line 1) Lot 3, N1/2, City of Lehi, 11/1/79 (Block 49, line 5) Lot 4, William Gurney, 1/27/71 (Block 49, line 2)

The lots were occupied by individuals, an estray pound and a jail at the indicated Sanborn map positions. The dwellings and other entities were replaced by the facilities indicated. Positions 1-4 on Second North Street, Estray pound, followed by Grammar School, followed by Legacy Center Position 6, on Second North Street, Lehi City Jail, followed by Grammar School, followed by Lehi Legacy Center. William Gurney, Position 14 on Second North Street, followed by Primary School, followed by Lehi Legacy Center. Position 12 on Center Street, Peter and Elizabeth McIntyre, followed by William Francis Gurney family, followed by Samuel J. Taylor family home and public library. Position 67 on First West Street, Margaret Boardman Clark, followed by Lehi Grammar School, followed by Lehi Legacy Center.

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Block 49, Positions 1-7 Estray Pound and Jail A brick structure at Position 6 labelled “Jail” is a prominent feature on the 1898 and 1907 maps of Block 49. The jail had been in place since 1893, and the lot west of it, on the Southeast corner of Second North Street and First West Street had been the site of the city estray pound199 since 1879200. That explains why the Mayor’s Deed for the northern one-half of Lot 3 was issued to the city that year201. William Clark served as pound keeper in Lehi for a time. William Clark’s possession of the southern half of Lot 3 would have provided a buffer zone between the home of his plural wife and the strays and the jail inmates. The Alpine school district obtained the jail lot on Second North Street then demolished the building on 13 October 1909202. The Grammar School was built on the property in 1910203.

199

Estray, in law, is any domestic animal found wandering at large or lost, particularly if the owner is unknown. Stray horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, and other animals were held until owners either paid the fines or the unclaimed animals could be sold for expenses. Estray, Estray. (2016). Wikipedia. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estray 200

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 56.

201

Block 49, line 5

202

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 59.

203

History of the Lehi School District Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/HistoryoftheLehiSchoolDistrictprint.pdf

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Block 49, Position 14 Adobe Dwelling William Gurney Thirty-five-year-old William Gurney (1834-1905), his 29-year-old wife Julia Jean Gurney (1840-1900), and their four children were in dwelling 56 in Lehi the 1870 Census. Ten years later they and their seven children were in dwelling 99 in the 1880 Census. They were in the second of two Lehi homes built by William Gurney in Lehi both years. William Gurney arrived in Great Salt Lake City in 1854 where he remained for a short time before moving to Lehi204. William and Julia Jean had been in the first of William’s two Lehi homes in dwelling 3439 in the 1860 Census. That home was on Block 40, the block south of Block 49, as explained above under the discussion of the Block 40, Position 9 home. William Gurney received the Mayor’s Deed for Lot 4 on Block 49 in Lehi in 1871205. His family home that year was the dwelling depicted at Position 14 on Block 49 on the 1898 Sanborn map. It stood on the Southwest corner of the intersection of Second North Street and Center Street. Unlike William Gurney’s first home in Lehi, which was built inside the Lehi fort wall, the second home was one block north of the Northeast corner of the wall. The Lehi Primary School was built on the site of the Position 14 home in 1905206. The Gurney’s home must have been removed some time before that. The school, but not the Position 14 home, is depicted on the Northeast quadrant of the block on the 1907 Sanborn map of Block 49. 204

William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah, William Gurney, from Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, England to Lehi, Utah. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/3890635?returnLabel=William%20Gurney%20(KWNKG6R)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3D KWNK-G6R%26section%3Dmemories 205

Block 49, line 2

206

History of the Lehi School District Lehi Yesteryears, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/HistoryoftheLehiSchoolDistrictprint.pdf

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Block 49, Position 12/42 Dwelling207 Elizabeth Marie Colville Jean McIntyre, William Francis Gurney, Samuel Joseph Taylor Elizabeth Marie Colville Jean McIntyre (1802-1874) was from the Isle of Jersey, Channel Islands. Under the name Elizabeth McIntyre she received the Mayor’s Deed for Lot 1, the Southeast quarter of Block 49, in 1871208. She was with her husband Peter McIntyre (1790-1872) in dwelling 3438 in the 1860 Census. They were in the Position 8 adobe home on the Memorial Building block, Block 40, that year, as explained above. At age 61 Elizabeth was by herself in dwelling 37 in the 1870 Census. Her husband, 80-year-old Peter McIntyre, was with a daughter in Toole, Utah, in the 1870 Census, which is probably why the Mayor’s Deed went to Elizabeth instead of to Peter in 1871. She was probably in the dwelling depicted at Position 12/42 on the 1890 and 1898 Sanborn maps of Block 49 both years. That wooden frame building was on the Northwest corner of the intersection of Center Street and First North Street. Elizabeth was William Gurney’s mother in law, Julia Jean’s mother. Elizabeth died in 1874. After that, the eldest son of William and Julia Gurney, 21-year-old William Francis Gurney (1859-1942), appears to have moved into his grandmother’s old home with his wife, 23-year-old Sarah Emma Webb Gurney (1856-1899). They were in dwelling 100 in the 1880 Census. William and Julia Jean Gurney were just north of William Francis and Sarah Emma with seven of William Francis’ younger siblings in dwelling 99 in the 1880 Census.

The 1890 Sanborn depicts a small wood frame dwelling at position 12 on Center Street. The 1898 map shows a larger wood frame dwelling on the same site, at about position 42 on First North Street. 207

208

Block 49, line 3

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The Block 49 Lot 1 property passed through various hands until it was deeded to Sarah Coleman Evans Taylor (1864-1946) in 1887209, along with an apparently adjacent portion of Lot 1 that was sold by William Gurney to her husband, Samuel Joseph Taylor (1862-1921), in 1890210. The Taylor’s were in dwelling 199 in the 1900 Census and in dwelling 457 in the 1910 Census. Both years they were in the large brick dwelling depicted at Position 42 on First North on the Sanborn maps that appears to have replaced the McIntyre’s older wood frame home. The Taylor’s home stood south of the Primary School. It's the only dwelling on Block 49 on the 1907 Sanborn map, the rest of the block being occupied by the Lehi Primary School, the Jail and by evidently vacant space where the Lehi Grammar School would be built in a few years. The Taylor’s home later became the Lehi Public Library. Van Wagoner describes the history211. A real bargain came in the fall of 1915 when the Alpine School Board offered the Samuel J. Taylor home to the city with one year rent free. This house, built on the Northwest corner of First North and Center Streets in 1898, served as the Lehi Public Library for six years. In 1930 when construction of the high school athletic field necessitated permanent closure of First North between Center and First West, the Taylor home was demolished. Tennis courts were later built on the site.

The house is depicted on the 1922 Sanborn map along with the Primary and Grammar Schools212.

209

Block 49, line 11

210

Block 49, line 12

211

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 80.

A Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection has a photograph the inside the of the first library in Lehi Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/BroadbentCollection/Buildings-1/i-xcbrvqB 212

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The Grammar School and the Primary School were razed and by late summer of 1956213 all that remained on Block 49 to remind former students of their school days was the heating plant with its smokestack and a small cement drinking fountain north of the tennis courts that replaced the Taylor's home/library. The tennis courts were subsequently replaced by the Lehi Pioneer Park south and east of the Lehi Legacy Center.

213

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 303.

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Block 49, Position 67 Adobe Dwelling Margaret Boardman Clark Margaret Boardman (1840-1894) was a plural wife of William Clark (1825-1910). She was with her children in an adobe home on First West Street at position 67 on Block 49 in 1870 and in 1880. The home was removed before 1910 when the Lehi Grammar School was built on the site that is now occupied by the Lehi Legacy Center.

William Clark (1825-1910) and Margaret Boardman (1840-1894) were married on 20 April 1867, in Great Salt Lake City. On an unknown date after that Margaret moved into the adobe home depicted at Position 67 on the 1898 Sanborn map of Block 49. Her home was separated from the Position 23 pioneer adobe home of William Clark on Block 40 by First North Street and by at least a portion of the 12-foot-high, 6-foot-wide Lehi City fort wall constructed in 1854 that ran along the southern edge of Block 49. Margaret’s home was north of the part of the block depicted on the 1890 Sanborn map, but it's on the 1898 map on First West Street. Twenty-nine-year-old Margaret was in dwelling 76 in the 1870 Census with 2-year-old Thomas Henry Clark (1868-1939), the eldest of the three children she bore to William Clark. She was still in the home with 12-year-old Thomas Henry, 9-year-old Mary Jane Clark (1870-1948) and 4-year-old James Clark (1875-1939) in dwelling 140 in the 1880 Census. 88 of 96

According to an undated account at William Clark (1825-1910) and His Family214, Margaret’s home in Lehi “was built for her on the site where the grammar grade school building now stands.” The Lehi Grammar School215, is depicted on the Northwest quarter of Block 49 on the 1907 and 1922 Sanborn maps. It stood entirely on Lot 3. William Clark received the Mayor's deed for the property, the southern one-half of Lot 3, along with all of Lot 2 on Block 49, on 27 January, 1871216. The space on which the Position 67 adobe home and other structures had been depicted on the West side of the block on the 1898 Sanborn map is blank on the 1907 map. Margaret’s small adobe home was slightly south of the line separating Lot 3 from Lot 2. It stood several feet south and west of the future site of school building itself. A significant portion of the mud fort wall must have been in place when William Clark established Margaret Boardman in the Position 67 adobe home on Block 49. Her home stood north of a corral on the corner and a little more than half a block north of the wall. The last remaining section of the wall was demolished in 1905217. Andrew Fjeld (1866-1955) initiated the formation of a committee to erect a monument commemorating the historic structure. Andrew Bjrring Anderson (1866-1962) wrote218 that dedicatory services were held in the Lehi Tabernacle at 10 am on 26 November 1908. A capacity audience of past and present William Clark (1825-1910) and His Family, (2016). Dkwilde.com. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http:// dkwilde.com/Genealogy/Clark/William_Clark.pdf 214

Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, search. (2016). Hutchingsmuseum.smugmug.com. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://hutchingsmuseum.smugmug.com/ search/? searchWordsShort=grammar+school&searchType=InAlbum&AlbumID=11144102&x=-1121&y=-26 215

216

Block 40, line 1. … Also lot 2 and S 1/2 of Lot 3 in Block 49 Area 1, 20/160 Acres. Situate in Section 17, Township 5 S Range 1.E. … 217

Monument to Fort Wall holds treasures from 1908, Lehi Free Press, 23 May 1990

218

Lehi Free Press, 4 April, 1947. The Old Fort Wall

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citizens of Lehi witnessed the dedication of the Lehi pioneer monument and payed tribute to the men who built the Fort Wall. The Pioneer Monument was erected on the Northeast corner of the intersection of First West Street and First North Street219. According to Anderson, the last remnant of the wall had been located on the southern edge of the block which would have placed them on Lot 2 on Block 49. Anderson says that clearance of the buildings on the Southwest corner of the lot "erased the last remains of the historic protection and revealed the last vestige” of the fort wall “hidden in the farmer’s corral.” That corral must have belonged to farmer William Clark. It’s depicted at position 18 on the 1890 Sanborn map and at position 54 on the 1898 map of Block 49. It was on the extreme southwest corner Lot 2 on property for which William Clark had received the Mayor’s deed in 1871220. In 1897 William Clark sold the property on which the “last vestige” of the wall stood for $1.00 to his stepson Stephen W. Ross221. Ross in turn sold the property to Lehi School District No. 12 on 17 June 1910222. The property had apparently been cleared before the 1910 sale. The 1907 Sanborn map of Block 49 shows the Southwest corner of the block vacant.

Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, Buildings - Penney Jensen. (2016). Museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://museumphotos.lehi-ut.gov/BroadbentCollection/Buildings-1/i-xwNxJZj depicts the monument with the Grammar and Primary Schools and Lehi Tabernacle. 219

220

Block 49, line 1

221

Block 49, line 17

222

Block 49, line 27

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Block 49, Before the Mayor’s Deeds Orrin Porter Rockwell and Charles Barnes Jr Before the Mayor’s Deeds and before the 1898 Sanborn map, one of William Clark’s most famous neighbors, Orrin Porter Rockwell (1813-1878), had a home in Lehi. Rockwell was on the scene when William and Jane were residing on Block 40 at the time of the 1860 Census. The Clarks were in dwelling 3426 and “herdsman” Rockwell and his family were in dwelling 3518 in the 1860 Census. According to People and their place in the History of Lehi223, Rockwell “owned the block where the Legacy Center is.” That’s probably a slight exaggeration, but the assertion that he “built his home outside the Lehi Fort” is not. A plaque on the wall in the “Wild West Room” in the Hutchings Museum224 says that Rockwell moved to Lehi during the summer of 1858, shortly after the Utah Expeditionary Force arrived in Cedar Valley and that his residence was on property immediately north of the Pioneer Monument. Since the plaque is undated and the monument in question has occupied three different positions since it was erected in 1908, it’s not certain where the property immediately north of the monument actually was located. The Pioneer Monument225 is an obelisk that once stood on the site of William Clark’s corral. It stands today in the center of Lehi Pioneer Park north of the John Hutchings Museum of Natural History. Van Wagoner226 has a photograph of the monument. He 223

People and their place in the History of Lehi, Q-T, (2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/PeopleandtheirplaceintheHistoryofLehiQ-T2.pdf Review of Lehi Sugar Factory, Wild West Room, Native American Room by Joanna Fisher ExhibitFiles. (2016). Exhibitfiles.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.exhibitfiles.org/ lehi_sugar_factory_wild_west_room_native_american_room 224

225

(2016). Lehi-ut.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/ Legacy-Center-with-monument.jpg 226

Pioneering Lehi City: A 150-Year Pictorial History, 2001, p. 109.

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asserts that it was first erected on First North Street between Center Street and First West Street, “near the Grammar School.” Its visible there in the Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection227 photograph previously mentioned, just south of the Grammar School, and in a photograph in the Lehi Centennial History228. If Rockwell’s place was “immediately north” of the monument when it stood at that spot, he would have been on Lot 2 or on Lot 3, possibly on ground that William Clark acquired in 1871. It’s more likely that the plaque identifying the site of the Porter Rockwell home refers to either the second or the third locations occupied by the monument. The second location was just north of the Carnegie Library. It stood there ringed by rock or cement that appears as a small light circle with a dark center on a 1993 aerial photograph from Google Earth. It was the near center of the eastern edge of the by then conjoined Block40/49. In that position the monument is also visible in a photograph of the Grammar School in flames, just west of the acrobatic girls just south of the tennis courts on Center Street. According to Van Wagoner229, the tennis courts were built in 1934. If that was the monument position referred to on the plaque, Rockwell’s home could have been on Lot 1, the Southeast quadrant of Block 49. Elizabeth McIntyre received the Mayor’s Deed for Lot 1 in 1871230. In 1860 she was with her husband in dwelling 3438 on Lot 1 in the small frame dwelling on Hutchings Museum Broadbent Photo Collection, search. (2016). Hutchingsmuseum.smugmug.com. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://hutchingsmuseum.smugmug.com/ search/? searchWordsShort=grammar+school&searchType=InAlbum&AlbumID=11144102&x=-1121&y=-26 227

228

p. 202.

229

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, p. 23.

230

Block 49, line 3

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the Southeast corner of the block at Position 12 on the 1890 Sanborn map. The Rockwell census position, dwelling 3518, would seem to have placed him at a considerable distance from the McIntyres. Nevertheless, if he was “immediately north of the Pioneer Monument” in its second position, he couldn't have been far from them. It’s also possible that Rockwell was a little further north on Block 49. He could have been on Lot 4, the Northeast quadrant of the block. That was the property deeded to Elizabeth McIntyre’s sonin-law William Gurney in 1871231. William and his family were in dwelling 56 in the 1870 Census. That was the adobe home depicted at Position 14 on the 1898 Sanborn map. They had not been there in the 1860 Census, so Rockwell may have been on Lot 4 instead of the Gurney’s in 1860. All of this also applies if the site of monument referred to on the Wild West Room plaque is its third position, the one it occupies today, in the center of Pioneer Park. That position is a little west and a little north of the second position. All three positions keep Rockwell on Block 49. The second and third are the most likely. Another neighbor of William Clark in Lehi was Charles Barnes Jr. (1827-1911). Like William Clark himself, Barnes was a Mormon convert from England. Jonah Ryan Barnes 232 says that Charles had a “one-room log-cabin” near the northeastern corner of the fort, at 100 North, 100 West in Lehi. His property, Jonah says, shared a fence line with Orrin Porter Rockwell whom he describes as “an immortal Nazarite commissioned by God to 231

Block 49, line 2

The New Barnes Household, The New Barnes Household. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/2467084?returnLabel=Charles%20Barnes%20Jr. %20(KWJH-17L)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26p erson%3DKWJH-17L%26section%3Dmemories 232

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protect the Prophet Joseph, and an appointed territorial U. S. Marshal-for-life who purportedly killed more men than Jesse James, Wyatt Earp and Billy the Kid combined.” According to Barnes, “Rockwell’s monument stands on his own property in Lehi today, across the fence from Charles’ original homestead.” That, of course, was just outside the fort. “Herdsman” Porter Rockwell and his family were in dwelling 3518 in Lehi in the 1860 Census. “Cooper” Charles Barnes was with his family in dwelling 3517 in Lehi in the 1860 Census. If Barnes’ “one-room log-cabin” was at 100 North and 100 West in Lehi, it must have been on property that would later become the Block 49 property on which William Clark’s corral was located. Later, according to Jonah233, Charles Barnes left his city residence and moved his family to a cabin located on the bench just northeast of the cemetery, about where Lehi Jr. High School stands today at 700 Cedar Hollow Road. This is all well and good. Porter Rockwell was outside the Lehi City fort. The territorial U. S. Marshal-for-life was out there so he could protect the citizens from the lurking danger. There’s a problem with all of this. That is, there is no documentary evidence for any of it. There is, however, indirect evidence that the home of Porter Rockwell and his family was inside the Lehi City fort in pioneer times. That evidence consists of Charles Barnes’ consecration deed which shows that his home was on the site of a home that stands at 140 West, 200 South today234. If, as asserted, Porter Rockwell and Charles Barnes shared a fence line in Lehi, the former must have lived with his family on the site of the home that stands today at 168 West, 200 South. The Barnes Family Prospers. (2016). Familysearch.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from https:// familysearch.org/photos/stories/2474456?returnLabel=Charles%20Barnes%20Jr. %20(KWJH-17L)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26p erson%3DKWJH-17L%26section%3Dmemories 233

Charles Barnes Jr (1827-1911) Shared a Fence Line with Orin Porter Rockwell (1813-1878) in Lehi, Utah Territory, https://drive.google.com/file/d/1NZxWaLk7TVB5er6-hNK3_KMy55Ead6en/view? usp=sharing 234

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The Hutching’s Museum plaque narrative asserts that Rockwell didn't stay long in Lehi. He had settled there in order to take advantage of business opportunities afforded by nearby Camp Floyd. Rockwell moved his family to his Hot Springs Brewery Hotel near the present Utah State Penitentiary when Camp Floyd closed in 1861.

Epilogue Most of earliest residents of the pioneer adobe homes on the Memorial Building and Legacy Center blocks were Mormon immigrants from Europe. The population of Lehi had grown to about 500 persons by the end 1853235, the year before the blocks city blocks on which they lived were laid out. The homes of the immigrant families were at least two blocks away from the first Lehi LDS Meeting House that was built between 1855 and 1860 in the center of the fort. It stood until 1972 on the Southwest corner of the intersection of First South Street and Second West Street236. Van Wagoner237 says William Clark did the interior plaster work on the building. Most likely the other residents of the Memorial Building and Legacy Center blocks also participated in the construction of the building. Undoubtedly all of them gathered there from time to time for church services and for civic and other social functions. Presumably they communicated with each other there in English. William Clark and the other Englishmen might have had slightly different accents from different parts of the mother country, but those would have been insignificant as compared to the accents and customs the Danes, the Swedes, Timeline of Lehi. Retrieved 10 June 2016, from http://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ TimelineofLehi.pdf 235

236

Retrieved 10 June 2016, from https://www.lehi-ut.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/MeetingHouse.pdf

237

Lehi: Portraits of a Utah Town, pp. 91, 225.

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the Germans and the Scottish and others brought to the meetings. The differences were insignificant. The early pioneers worked together to establish the settlement that has grown to accommodate a population in excess of 47,407238 persons. There are now scores of LDS meeting houses in Lehi and in the surrounding communities. The Legacy Center and the Memorial Building with the Hutchings Museum have taken over part of the function served by the old pioneer meeting house. The old residents of the blocks on which they stand wouldn't have as far to travel to their meetings if their old adobe homes could somehow have been preserved, but they have all been removed and (mostly) forgotten. Many of the descendants of those Block 40 and Block 49 pioneers live in Lehi today. From my limited investigations, many of them are unaware that their ancestors lived where they now gather for recreation and instruction in the Lehi Legacy Center and in the Memorial Building/ Hutchings Museum. Maybe the feelings of love and admiration of the often tedious details I’ve presented here will be as interesting and meaningful to them as they are to me.

238

2010 figure, according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lehi,_Utah, Retrieved 10 June 2016.

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