Set No. Code No: 410206 IV B.Tech. I-Semester Regular Examinations, November-2003

1

b)

Write short notes on the following: i) Solar constant ii) Local solar time iii) Surface azimuth angle. Determine the local solar time and declination at a location latitude 23°15′ N, longitude 77°30′ E at 12.30 IST on June 19. Equation of time correction is given from standard table to be = – (1′ 01′′).

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2. a)

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NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1. a) Explain the need of paying attention on renewable energy systems in India b) Discuss the importance of planning and leading an energy management program in an organization.

Wind at 1 standard atmospheric pressure and 15 deg.C has a velocity of 15 m/s. Calculate: a) total power density in the wind stream b) the maximum obtainable power density c) the total power and d) the torque and axial thrust Given: turbine diameter = 120m and turbine operating speed = 40 rpm at maximum efficiency. Propeller type wind turbine is considered.

4. a)

What is the basic principle of OTEC? Discuss the advantages of the closed cycle system over open cycle system. The efficiency of power plant working on OTEC system is very less. However, the secondary advantages make it commercially attractive. Discuss.

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3.

How are ocean waves formed? Explain with a schematic diagram how this energy can be tapped.

6. a)

With reference to typical examples, explain the nature and magnitude of energy possessed by ocean tides. The observed difference between the high and low water tide is 0.85meters, for a proposed tidal site. The basin area is about 0.5sq. Km which can generate power for 3 hours in each cycle. The average available head is assumed to be 8 meters and the overall efficiency of generation to be 75%. Calculate the power in HP at any instant and the yearly power output. Contd…2

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b)

Code No. 410206

.2.

Set No. 1

Describe a Binary cycle system for liquid dominated system. What are the limitations of a flashed steam system? What are the advantages of double flash system?

8. a)

Explain in detail the various principal routes of Bio mass energy conversion to useful energy? Explain the origin of Bio-mass energy in detail. Explain the difference between bio mass energy resources and fossil fuel.

b) c)

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7. a) b) c)

Set No.

2

Code No: 410206 IV B.Tech. I-Semester Regular Examinations, November-2003

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NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1. a) What is meant by renewable energy source? Explain in brief these resources with reference to Indian context. b) What are the different methods to improve the efficiency of electrical motors and drives?

Calculate the angle made by beam radiation with the normal to a flat collector on December 1 at 9.00AM, solar time for a location at 28°35′ N. The collection is tilted at an angle of latitude plus 10°, with the horizontal and is pointing due south.

3.

Wind at 1 standard atmospheric pressure and 15 deg.C temperature has a velocity of 10 m/s. The turbine has diameter of 120m and its operating speed is 40 rpm at maximum efficiency. Calculate: a) the total power density in the wind stream b) the maximum obtainable power density assuming efficiency = 40% c) the total power produced in kw and d) the torque and axial thrust

4. a) b)

Explain the working of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) plant. Discuss the various equipment for the establishment of an off shore OTEC system

5.

Explain in brief the energy potential of ocean waves and methods of harnessing the wave energy.

6. a)

How are tides formed? Show by sketches the methods of harnessing the energy potential associated with ocean tides. In any estuary, which is being developed for tidal power generation during the tide cycle the observed difference between the high and low water of the tide was 4.3m. It is estimated that the estuary’s area is 0.45 sq. km which can generate power for 3 hours in each cycle. Assuming the average available head to be 5m, and the overall efficiency of generation to be 65%, calculate: i) The power in kW at any instant and ii) The total energy in the year (  = 1025 kg/m3 for sea water).

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Contd…2

Code No. 410206

.2.

Set No. 2

What are the prospects of Geothermal energy in Indian context? Explain the schematic and thermodynamic cycle of any one type of geothermal power plant.

8. a)

What is meant by anaerobic digestion? What are the factors, which affect biodigestion? Explain briefly. What is a community biogas plant? What are the main problems encountered in its operation?

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7. a) b)

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Set No. Code No: 410206 IV B.Tech. I-Semester Regular Examinations, November-2003

3

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NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1. a) Discuss the need for development of renewable energy resources. b) What do you understand by energy management and what is its role in industry.

Write down the equations for estimation of average solar radiation and determine the monthly average daily global radiation on a horizontal surface for June 22, at the latitude of 10°N, if constant “a” and “b” are given as equal to 0.30 and 0.51 n and the ratio =0.55. N

3.

In a wind turbine, the cambered aerofoil blades are subjected to a wind velocity of 10m/s. Take air density = 1.225 kg/m3, the plan form area of wing = 0.1 m2. The lift and drag coefficients as 1.4 and 0.01 respectively. Calculate: a) lift force b) drag force c) resultant force d) aerodynamic coefficient

4. a) b)

With a schematic diagram, explain briefly the working of open cycle OTEC plant What are its advantages and limitations of open system over closed cycle system.

5.

Discuss the advantages and limitations of wave energy conversion.

6. a)

Explain with neat sketches the basic principle of tidal power generation. What are the limitations of each method. A tidal project has installed capacity of 2176MW in 64 units each of 34MW rated output. The head at rated output is 5.52m. The embankment is 6.4 km long. Assume 93% efficiency for both turbine and generators. The generation is 5 hours twice a day. Calculate: i) The quality of water flowing through each turbine. ii) The surface area of reservoir behind the embankment.

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7. a)

b) c)

Explain the advantages and disadvantages of Geothermal energy over the other forms of energy. What are the applications of Geothermal energy in the field of Agriculture? Explain briefly the possible sources of Geothermal pollution? How these are avoided? Contd…2

Code No. 410206

.2.

Set No. 3

How are biogas plants classified? Explain the batch type and floating drum type of biodigesters with sketch. b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of floating drum plant? c) Enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of fixed dome type plant.

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8. a)

Set No.

4

Code No: 410206 IV B.Tech. I-Semester Regular Examinations, November-2003

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Time: 3 hours

NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ---

1. a) What are the prospects of various renewable energy resources in India? b) Describe the general principles of Energy management with suitable examples.

List out the reasons for variation in solar radiation reaching the earth than received at the outside of the atmosphere. b) Define Hour angle and Zenith angle c) Calculate the sunset hour angle and day length at a location latitude of 35°N, on February 14.

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2. a)

Why a tall tower is essential for mounting a horizontal axis wind turbine? Why should be a rotor of Darrieus type be located at a height? A wind turbine has rotor diameter of 15m. The wind speed is 7m/s. Assume normal temperature and air pressure. Energy utilization factor is 0.7. Efficiency of WTG unit is 35%. Calculate the electrical power delivered.

4. a) b)

Explain the operation of a closed cycle OTEC system. Discuss its advantages and disadvantages compared to open cycle OTEC plant.

5.

With neat sketches explain the working of wave energy conversion machines

6. a)

Explain the various components of Tidal power plants. Discuss the single basin retaining dam tidal power generation method. A tidal power plant of simple single basin type, has basin area of 30 x 106 m2. The tide has a range of 12m. The turbine, however, stops operating when the head on it falls below 3m. Calculate the energy generated in one filling or emptying process, kWH, if the turbine generator efficiency is 75%.

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3. a) b) c)

Show the cross-section of the earth and temperature of different depths. Explain how geothermal energy is used for power generation. Derive an expression to estimate the energy content of a hot dry rock geo-thermal resource, assigning linear variation of temperature. Hence obtain an expression for the time constant of a geo-thermal well.

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Contd…2

Code No. 410206

.2.

Set No. 4

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8. a) With a help of a neat sketch explain the working principle of any one type of biogas plant? b) What are the techniques suggested for maintaining the biogas production? Explain. c) What are the main applications of biogas?

Set No.

Given: turbine diameter = 120m and turbine operating speed = 40 rpm at · maximum efficiency. Propeller type wind turbine is considered. 4. a) What is the basic ...
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