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1224

,

Date

-

SEffiET

1'3

I

II\IIERROEATION OB OEERST LT}T,.'trB,Itrj]DRICH

This is a coriposite report on the interrogations of Oberst Lt. Frieclrich.(tc eenerar Naehrichten Fuehrer 5 Abteilung, c.A.F: sie. ini. organization) oa:'rieit out Ln the fiej.d {18/5/u5) ana-it fiTK {g/6/L5) by Dr, Eiokering. TIOOM

ffine

Copy No.

No. of pages _!_

19t+i

TIC${ I

SmlEIS

D.iqtribu*io{r -

Briti.sh

1 Di-:rsctor 2 D.D. 1 5 D.D. 4 l+ D.D. (tr. s. ) 5 D.D. (mr) 5 D.D, (,t.s. ) ?-B a.D. (c.b.R. 9 CoI" Leathalr

U.S.

ffio

(z) (via L!, pendergrass) 31 G-2 (via Lt. Col. 111116"; 32-33 S.S,A. (z) (via Liajcr Searian) Jlr- oirector, s.r.D, IT0USA (via Lt. Cotr. ory2O-G

Johnson)

)

(z)

TICOII 1O Chai,iruran

It-tL s.A,c.

(tF)

15 Cdr. Bacon 15 Cdr. ftiacKenaie 17 Cdr. Tandy 18 Yi/cdr. oeser 19 lrt. Co].o Johnson 20 }ila& Seafis"n 21 LL,. Eachus 22 Lt. Vance 23 Cap*. Coriran 2l+ Lt. FehI 25-ZA Ticom Fileu (l1)

noti$r Lt., pendergrass, yBX. 16j, iJ,addltionat distribution of this pubJ-ioation is advisable.

P_]..ea_se

2 ert o

t) ::r

a

o o

;

CT

G'!

* =

..o.

(=t cl

fr (D a o

&

*

L'ELLA}SIT

7 /'

ILL'

Authorit-v ay

1. I}fffBR0GATfON OF OBIRSTLTN. FRIXDRICH t1 iluns_

1

(i.c,

e,g .s isiF-o"g"rri" it i J'-t -! BmcrsESciDEN,

1)

V7\w

tS/s/is),

"ny

prNxnA

Dare

General Nachriehter:fuehrer, "

"i--u,"

OKL

Barracks

in

naa uq"?dy supplied

the attached 6r^6ss of unj"ts, lt contains aff the knovrn .Batt1e of Gttr, Sigint units gpiuag__theCffi Sterls 0b.d.L,, the fo'rrer lfflur, n&Rsr,'ir,L o"go;="tio;. has become Lrrf,tnaohffistelle Si.chtenabt. J50 and passed iito tfre orbit'of-1i""*tor e"n"roi of GiF Signals. It was fornerJy indelendenti, Abteilung

?) TNNSBRUcK-r3fisr'area. ]lo (cnu stelre 9b.d.t,) is believed by F*rm*rcli to be in the FRrmRrcH had to be rendnd.ed of the existence of Regierungsrat V0EGff.iE of ffil-Stili;r- th" -"f.i"f B*F cryptographer, He blushed and said, trIt had been hope-Jtl t""p'frim out hahds; ypu knorr hi-n already, horirever, voicmn aceompanied "*"og,J5o intosince "f abteilung the ffiIVsBRUcK area and has been rcported in jllgpN,tgr,. persist

He stated that the old Referate Ln Abt, 31ee vLa 3

(specialist branches) of cttr stelIe

*"'"""'

ii,,i,ffi"

D: E:

Russia Cryptograplgr

;,T::; :**":,,ffi*.,

N'rE: c*r ste'le hal with tho air forces of all lk y? ccped fronts. rts.inter**t" rrivu included much raore than codes and cyphers. (r.rhich order of, battle, euulpmenJ , concern ""ly-R;i;";-O"u,g. types, navigati,onai aias, etc1, {c etc, The other neei.;xent!'un&"r rrnlmni*r, SSr, i52, 303, at'e the speolalists- on'rraai."n, Mediterranean and. Eastern front .lir Order of Aattie. rRrrDRrcH can not give f,u,l details of the recrganisatlcnbywhich his Reginrents 351, 352, in r*utliiot".arjbir fron [rest Etc' rhis woura "tff"il*e"i, rrava [3-b;-"t;#i-a:li"iris RegimentalFunkhorchregiraent FRrmRrcHis job **"-to conrnand.ers. i;i;-"ir,u r.o**r tnteileit untls tir"'Radar plotting, route-trackinc ana ;amnang-;"i;; ,"a.r-rri"'I*i=fo*no, ""a as wilr be seen from tho order of ilattie"*h#'A;'ioi *rr on iri"-"si.ur:.*r,muntr-

speak

cvercorring

"#fftuf,|#hiffiffiff#"5irlflt"r * He got nothiqg fFom 0K!T

his initial reluctance ro

recently taken to drink. He had had practicalry nothi-ng two ycars ,.ia naa conl"ntnat"E {:"" h:is cryptographers for the past on ruuch more profitable rines: r,outetracking, etc. VOEGEIE

RIF

had

4-fieure traffic

(cffi q::ll:_91.&1.: Referat B) when tocated at pARrS_ j.ntercepted.

'K,ii,ffiUNr jISNIERES had

traffic

had not been read sine e 19tte,

b.etvreen fruSitiiriefOU "na-6*ot"n U.S.,nor_oo""u This

teleprinter

was mainteined throughout ovrins tr;i;;-i;;ni"ir" "na-mmOfg. "o""*". insecr*ity of the operators . rhe ge,o*ns haaiir;;;;r;;i#;l uno*r, arr-alti:.Is cf f,e rrl f light strength of the U. S. air f'o"oJ i.n s, Europe and a good_ deal about trai-ni.rrg arrd repJ'acer*"t": ,

.

F.

o,*,;,i
IT

0XDEB CF BATTLE CF

elF

ay

2.yxnt,

L>:

SIGINT UNITS (Acccrding

final reorga?isation at the

Generalnachrichte Hcrchdienst

rrf

arclTQQ!fu)t

to

FRfEDRICH,

beginning of

after

the

191+5).

uehrpr 3 Abt.

c ob acht ungsdi.E n'si. Stoerdienst -

Funkr.ie s sb

Sohluesselent(wick(e)lung ?)

u,

Pruefungr

LN Abt 150 (Uptm Jordens)

Chi Stel1e (ttptm. Jordens)

Funkleitstand (tlptm. siess)

2 Errpf,angskonpanien

L$ Rgt3 551 under ilhjor Ristow. I, If and lII AbteiS-ungen. Tasks: A1lied .,iir Forces in England-!'rancer Alr to Air, Ground tc Air, Ground to Ground, incI. navigational aids.

IN Rgt. J52 under j,lajor Feichtner. 1 and II Abteilungen. Tasks: AILied Air Fcrces in Mediterranean arcailts for Rg:t, 351. IJ{ Rgt'

JIJ under Qberst Eick.

I, II

and

Illrbteilung€Er

Russian

Air Force,

As

fcr Wt. 3i1.

LN Abt. J55 under l,iajor Caraerlander. A1liecl

Air Forces in Nor*hern areal Busslan r!1r Fcrce in North Norwey, Ground to grourdr Air to Air according tc reception conditions.

.LN

Abt. J55 under llptm. rrattner. fask: route traoking of ,trtlj-ed Air Fcrces on basls of Radar interception ancl in collaboration with LN

LN Abt.

Abt.

J57.

JlJ under ilptur. Rueokheira. .lllled ["rengined formations

and route

tracking cn basls cf intercepted signais and in collaboration with Lm Abt. ]55.

LN Abt. 358? Training. LS Abt. ]59? under

l{ptn. de l{i1de I

Ja.uiming.

o,,n,,iotTlji2-1,

I I

-1{3

pr{xaA

ay

Date

3.

I]T

--nB.rryB[-a$@

I

0berstrtn. FRrmRrcH spoke f:reeIy, for about tvro hours

hls organisation, He took-as his thp order of battle "19.u! of his organisation, reproduoed above. "g";rd" rhe eubnitted order of battle regulres modj-fication or 4) footnotes, anising out cf answers tc interfcgatorsr questicns, as

follows

)

the personner of rBrrDRrcHr s crganisation vrere subordinateid for disc.ip.line to Obeist. FoRsrER, Leitstelle der Fu,kaufk1. Ob.'#Ii, (This is nct indicaled in the diagram).

2)

frLN. Abt. 159?". Vflhen an intemogatcr asked vrhether there was not a fU Abt. of Rgt. l5t, fnfmnl0l{ pointed to the ent:y LN Abt. 159f nptn, ae ffilde, and s;.ia that was the rv ,\bt. rv ibt/351 operated with units vrido\r dispersed. rhe primary reasoir for rechristening it witrr an ind.ependent nunrber r'ras to prevent postal autEorities from sending the Abt, mail tJngt.

1

'

?

_

3) Foctnctesr FRIE'DRICH can remember the following details of the reorganisation which resurted in tho un"rg"nce of thc new Regintents3 Regiment J!1 r t/lSl coraprises

1, Z, 25 and. 26 companies. ff these is the forurer 1L/W Bgt. J. Z6fiSl ls the signals 1iaison Coy, of the Regt.

25-/.351

Reginrent J5Jl

ilyl is former III&N Rgt, fir/351 ,' rrr/LN B;t. rr/

351

1 ,r+

ofoftl":"ffi;.li ;i" was

leLZ *garrisation, which

in a decrepit state)

9/tw ast, j5 9/r,m

agt.

JB

Abt, 357 is fcrrcer tlFu, Ho. Rgt, West, rRImRIcIi rnacle the following rsore general obsenrations P) the structure and workj-ng of his ryr Service. 1

:

)

on

A t Yf service i-s alvrays a mi*or cf the behavicur of, the eneqyo Regiments Jll and j5Z, di.reqted, against the Yr/estern Allies in the 'rrv'est and Med. respeitivery, differ from Regfurcnt Jgj, directed against ihe Russians, Horohdlenst and Nachrichtenaufrrlaerungi the interoepticn reading and e:qploitation. ana iii signats f."a, W -' 2t t!/_f died 'out the end of ,l"rr practJ-car,Sr -13"plottea tne cour-". of raidsii tire li""i; on\r Abt. 357 cn the basis

of

signalsi u""" in thts tasr,

rt "onl:l| {,iri.":"eqt9d eooperatecl.wlth Abt. 356. In the East, horrever, , Horchdiens! was sti11 the rnainstay iyr, The Russian Air Fcrce (with the exception of ihuofA.D,D. _ strategic bomber foroe turned tc tiansport against which route-tracklng methcds courd, te en{:royea) G subrrdinate to

UI

ert',rrir11.0. av

4.

lla ?

!

i7(!fufuf:

Date

fu.xm.a,

the ground arqy and therefore invclved in a great deal of ground-tc-ground wlreless traffic, This traffio is large3y readable. Jr

tlt senrice rnust expl'cit all the radio manifestations

of the tenengrr. The behariour of the Western al}Les was rnore readily and profitabSy follovred by the intercepticn and plotting cf Inoisest than by intercepticn and interpietation of signals, flr and q,/r. Hence pr€occupaticn in ltre !{est with ffinnsm, (cen), BU},'tr"B,u[G (onor), DISKUS

(gEE fl)r The Eastern ether was nct thus laden with ncises: Russian navigaticn had not advanced beyond the point reached by any efficient civil air line in 1919.

It is tc be asstrned that the Russians will have cvemun a good. d.eaI of Geruan equipment, ancl have i-mprsssed Gemian techniciarrs' (For the rest, the Russians seem

2j'

not to have had mcre than what the ltestern aI1les gave them.) It shculd be pcssi-ble, by listening on knonn frequenoies, quiokly to cliscover whether the Russians are using oaptured eguipment ncw. FB,IEDRICH i.nterpreted his role as tYr t ops. ! (Personnel and Adnin. were the prc-vince of 0berst Evaluatlon was delegated tol

FORSTffi.).

contents of signals . route-tracking and the

Chi Stelle 0b.d.L. Funkleitstand 0b.d.L.

ets?}ns

if

thu.p}?tii,,

6iiat'

:,.

wrrit hb= oi-&ered;

results he wanted.

by himself 3)

in ,

con,-,

.:.f

th{s

':'

.- F.-:

L .,

.i'

L

, i.,l-;..'t.i.,:i

-'

. l.-r;.1',1, ,.,,.i-,,:i

o*n*o1AfiLL ay

p.rroa.^

l,

i(!jylk),

Date

G )l

Yitlren trEfDRICH yras plotting, on paper, an ireaginary 'a1]iarl r'aid., and had indicatc8 brvo incursiln-s, we asked-tdJr h1w he -
conceal.

D) For the :est, what tr'RISRICH saicl abcut his indiv:idual units is adequatel;r ccvered j.n the reccrd"s alreafir available, It is worth actding: Liaison between OKL and OIC,,I ryr services was gocd " lower leve1s in the ctrain cf comnand.

at €

coastal ccmnand had arways been a borre cf ccntention between oKL and oK"f. olg, ryr had it to the end, though trre-amangerxent was never entirely satisfactory.

E)

Cryptography

rRrEDRrcH does nct claim to be an erpert in th-is field" vras, noreover, tired by the tiJse this subjict was r".rr"aj,(He He said in- a previous pltgrrogati-cnr rtr had icthing frorn rgr cryptographers after 1gl+Z!. Hi" view was that this-was bes-t left

tc

VOEGELE.

1) The subject cf A.nerican wireLess teleprinter trafflc, intercepted and broken by the eermans (";; N;;;s cn fnterroga_ r), was ralsed by- lnte*otator. ihur" is rittle doubt l-tol FBrmRrcH vrishes he had nJv", r:enticned it. Not necessanily lhat beoause he thinks he has been i-nsecurei he probab]y thinks the subject very unintcresti,g. one nustr'howevir, consider, c cmpared. hi s previ Jus with hi-s'pre seot- utrtu*unts whe ther |avlns' he is alarmed a! given the ini'oimation gratui.tous\rr he fafrnc seens ncur to belittle the Gernran achievenent.

repcrt said: ItI(AlmUN_ (gfri St"Ue ob.d.L., Referat B) when located at Paris-Asni.eres f,aA intercepted [roken US non-norse tele_ printer traffic betvreen washilgtcnand and nurope, ?his success was maintained throughout cruring tc the ramentabie inseourity of the operators, ?he Gerr.rans had therefore alway" t no*r, all dietails 1f {er5r f}ights, strerrgth cf us air Force- in Eurcpe, and a gcod, d.eal about training and zeplacernentsr rr The prevlous

This was nct taken down verbatiu. rnterrogator vrculd. withd.raw f non-mcrser in the above and leave it that saiat tFunkfernschreibt - i,e. wireless-teJ.eprinter.inrmmcu The above isr. morecver, based on what interrogat", ruil"",t"rs FRIDRICH to have said in the OKL baruacks at*Berchtesgaden. FRrEDBrci{ cannct be held to every phrase, therefcre. 6ut he does, in the- followirrg answers, appear ic.be-nrininrisins the crai; (; is he endeavouring nCIr 1i-sr'ggest that trr" sGcess w,as scored against a J.ess advanced for:sr-of wirel,ess teleprinter, with which he is alsc farni}:t*r)l

S:''--

^*h*irt|auLL p.rra,a.^ Date'i(!j/12f,

l,

ay

6,

ItY€sr It r,ras a wireless teleprinter traffic from lTashington State Department, No, Irlct to Europe: to cverseas ,fI/T stations. It was a rZutraegerrrerkehrt

(traffic'passir:g on si-gnals in buLk). There was an innense vclume cf traffic.. Breaking ceasecl when a nev;r machine cr a nelr r1astschrittr (keying tenrpo ?) was introduced. Yes, there was a secrecy- device, but it cculd be broken by the rncst prircltive nethods; there urere 10 GAI' Wij{I' cn}y tc ccpe viith it. {he traffio did nct carry signa}s cf, ar6r tactical irirportai:ce. No, this was nct before, but after, the Anericans entered the $Iarr But breaking ceased. a long time agcr Yes, a special reoeiver had to be built. rAs far as I can reneriber, but I dcnt t want tc be bound to the stateroent , t!rc receiver wa*{ built f or ne by a Fe}drrrebelr. The alphabet was a kincl cf morse substitutionr What shculcl have been A came cut as, saf,, M, IIc, it rras nct th:is impulse business.rr Inteffogator laid off at this pcint. ,ln i.ndependent statement by a member of vOitgET,Ets staff should be sought. rtwculd. arso be useful tc kncw whether FRI$RICH talks tc General MABTINI about h-is interview v,rith usn 2)

FRIPDRICH had

unbreakable

previously said that Elg l+-fif-:ure becan:e

after 1942, Sequel:

4-fieure system changed, FRrrDRrcH thirrks, every ye&re ccntinued, but without success. The

ln 1ilQ bcth the code and the tTfurml vrere changed. fircri< cn the cipher 1

3) VOEGEI,E was at the 1qgU3R g\RSTdtL. He had 2 5 cfficers, - 2 tBeamtet u?d. (fone pause for reflecticn) about B0 -rilelrr VOEGETTE

wcrked cn hand ciphers general]y, syf(o,

RASTER

and

Air

i,,{cvement Code.

It

vras V0EGELE nho had the Hcllerith ma6hines. y{hen he wanted S'i.IEDRICH with a chit, which vras autcraatica[y lhey wer-e erdinary HolLerith nachine!, Big machines? N;,.-.---

one crdere$ he presented

signed.

just crdinary liclleri-ths. ,+) FRTEDRToH had never read an r,\ctivity report cf oKflctfi': Interrogator gave hlm an idea cf hcrn they run: rrii: tfre p"rio'a ,-y, \ \ :_o_-and-s9 mar\y signals were intercepted tf rrrhich so-rnrl}r-were aecliea; \ vN reports vrere i-ssued etc. No, he had nct seen arry.' interrogator \ said that CI{I Stelle was described as a recipient of W reportf. \ FBrmRrcH said tverlaessriche Naehrichtenl, : y"", ir".o""a'i" ,"oa \ '-.---^ them but they were no use to hi.r*; he stoppea reaaing themr said that the grounl-to-ground traffic issuing il. FRrmRrcH directicns to our bean stations before raids",irere nct readable ,r say that to put ycu at your easer.