AP US Government – Exam Study Guide Unit II: The Political Process 1. What is political socialization? Identify the five main agents of socialization in the United States. 1.
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3. 2. Explain how James Madison in Federalist #10 defined factions. Why did Madison fear factions, and how was the Constitution designed to cure the “mischief of faction”?
3. What is an interest group? Give three examples and explain what each does. 1. 2. 3. 4. What is a PAC? How is it different than an interest group?
5. What are three techniques that interest groups use to influence government? 1. 2. 3. 6. Identify and describe the main elements of the 2002 McCain-Feingold Finance Reform Act.
7. What is Citizens United v. FEC? What did it change about campaign finance?
8. What is a political party? What is the difference between an interest group and a party?
9. What is a third party? Identify three main obstacles to third parties’ success in US elections. 1. 2. 3. 10. Define realignment. What is a critical realignment? What is a secular realignment?
11. Identify and describe four realigning periods in the history of U.S. political parties. 1.
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12. What coalitions make up the two parties?
13. Define dealignment and discuss factors that influence this. How has it affected political campaigns?
14. Are parties strong today or are they in decline? Give four reasons for each side. 1.
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15. Define majority and plurality elections. Define winner-take-all and proportional representation.
16. Define primary, caucus, and convention.
17. How has the process of electing presidential candidates changed?
18. What were the effects of the McGovern-Fraser Commission?
19. What is meant by front-loading?
20. How does the Electoral College system work?
21. Discuss and give three examples of how campaigns have become candidate-centered. 1. 2. 3.
22. What are five essential elements of a typical campaign for President, Senate, and the House of Representatives? 1.
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3. 23. Identify trends in voter turnout in the last forty years.
24. Identify three major institutional obstacles to voter turnout. 1. 2. 3.
25. Identify demographic groups that vote frequently and demographic obstacles to voter turnout. Give three examples of each. 1.
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26. Why does the media seem to have little effect on political preferences?
Explain how James Madison in Federalist #10 defined factions. Why did Madison fear factions,. and how was the Constitution designed to cure the âmischief of ...
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Newsletter of the Section on Political Economy, American Political Science Association. , American Political Science Association. THE POLITICAL ECONOMIST. Volume X, Issue 2 olume X, Issue 2. Winter 2002. Co-Editors: Michael Hiscox, Harvard University
