Alfonso de Zamora A. Neubauer The Jewish Quarterly Review, Vol. 7, No. 3. (Apr., 1895), pp. 398-417. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0021-6682%28189504%291%3A7%3A3%3C398%3AADZ%3E2.0.CO%3B2-I The Jewish Quarterly Review is currently published by University of Pennsylvania Press.
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The Jewish Quarterly Review.
ALFONSO DE ZAMORA.
VERY little is to be found in bibliographical works concerning Alfonso, who was one of the chief contributors to the Polyglott Bible, called Complzctensis, in the matter containing the Targum. Roderiguez de Castro' says that Alfonso was born in 1480 A.D., and embraced Christianity in 1492. W e shall see, later that our author was born in 1474, and that there is no date mentioned concerning his conversion. As to his death, Le Long3 mentions the year 1531, without indication of the source from which he derived i t ; we shall find later on4 that Alfonso wrote as late as 1544, when he describes himself as old and unhappy. The same confusion will be found concerning Alfonso's letter: addressed to the Jews a t Rome, where he called hiniself the son of the wise (Rabbi) Juan de Zamora; frorn which we may conclude that Alfonso's father also einbraced Christianity, perhaps to escape the frequent inassacres a t Zamora. There mere a t Zaniora many celebrated families, such as the ancestors of Isaac Ibn Aramah,' author of pnss r r ' r p ~ a, nd of those of Jacob Ibn Habib, author of the 2 ~ 3 ~%Y Y .Zaniora ~ had a special rite ( m n ) concerning
nu'nw Alfonso, to judge from his pure Hebrew style, was educated in a Jewish school before he went to the University of Salarnanca, as was the case with Paul Coronelg and 1
3 4
B i b l i o t e c a h'ymcliola, t. I., p. 399. a See below. No, xviii. RibTiothec(r S a r r a (fol. l723), t. II., p. 604h. See below, No. xviii. See below, p. 401. K01.e Ira-dos*of (ed. Cassel), fol. 3Oa. ' I b i d . , fol. 32a. MS. Bodl. Hebrew d, fol. 43, illlDD n3"TD3 j73, D911713W Dblii13D1
3313WK1. F. Delit~sch, W ~ i d i e on s the
Polyglott, 1872, p. 27
~ ~ I I ~ J ) [ .
Alfonso de Alcala; who were his coadjutors for the Complutensian Bible, which appeared in 1515. Our Alfonso seemed to be in great favour with the Cardinal Ximenez de Cisneros, and later on with his successor as Archbishop of Toledo, Don Alfonso de Fonseca, to whom he dedicated his second edition (1526) of the Hebrew grammar in Latin. The first appeared a t the end of the fifth volulrle of the Complute.ttsis. The following is the dedication which is to be found in the second edition (fol. DD 8b), from which we learn that Alfonso re-edited it in Alcala de Henares, with the help of Professor Pedro Siruello. It was set in type by Roderigo de la Torre in the printing office of Michael de Egia, under the supervision of Professor Don Juan de Pedraso.
~ w i n w 53n ~ + nswinwi nw3ui ~ * V D 951 nssnil liw5z 'n'wu n21 :n33in7pn n'p7p7nn Y Q D ~sn*m YwHni 9 7 s in 93 n5im5u 5w 5 i m ln3n 111ix-1 lnHn1i n i u m inu $3 1 ~ ~ 5 in5171 ~ n i 31951 * ' n i 3 ~ni35n ~ 1 i n 3 3tiwmn : n p w ~ j e?-I I W I ~ ~117 H inn1 mp3 T W H mnpi ~539-rsnn nnxn n m Y'T N)H$S :,Nnnl 7 ~ 3 1isnllrn ' i 7 ~iu-19n 5 9~3 * 31 i ~ n T W H aslinni nsn3nil n5npn 5172 n3ni m i n n n5nn ~ i l i s i i~1n5s3ixnHi s~iptnnni * nnbwn in11131 in3 5 3 1 aitu in 5 3 i 5 ~ m f b 9 1'752 n2 ~nswu5171 n l i a l 93 * nnsnn P W ~ H n n m ~T W H Y W N ntn liw5n lan5i nu'r5 5171 pwn an5 n*nw 1 1 1 ~ 1 writ, l ~ n 5 inpab pmn5 * 13 nn5 ~ w n 5172 - p i x ws Yu ~ nn DWF~DP~ nsnm t 3 4 ~ D V Q D ~ nswn ~ S ~ Y W n +
+
+
I Castro, l.c., who quotes from Paulus Colomesins' I t a l i a et ITispania Orientalis, p. 218. D D ~
400
The Jewish Quarterly Review.
: nnuiln ylinni : jnK1 jnK
+
7 x 1 inDn
i n n D 2 1 9~ 3
~ $ 1 ~nrn9 5 7'nx
1~572
+
On the last folio, after the Symbolum, come the following lines, from which we can see that Alfonso had many enemies, and felt himself unhappy, in spite of his successf~ll career. : 7aKn rnii >u;r rnra y n v wvn yivr : 7inan * tn3v9 ~5 Vnjywn i i u mop inv : 7133D ' tl191D K ~ Y & ' DIrKl KT13 ' Dl9 ' m 3 1 : i n y l v 9 2 nxn5 n y ~3 n y ~ v i ~K> 5~ K ~ S : l n n 2 41n Kay * + $ ~ rn i5~ > * 95ny 7iar : 712Y $3 ' D'Dp 1VK ' ~ 9 ~ 1 jlKE'1 t h ' D'Dyt31 : 7 n i 2 y z r j y n1K-n r31a-m 93 '~5~un : T'nirniK nnrumr * nn~3vr nnwp $y : i ' D a v n 2 * rnwn i m r y r n it2y93n : 7rnw a513 252r * ahn 2nr n 5 ~ 353 93, : 7nK-v ~ $ 2 * nnn 1353 nmn IXK * n n 3 n 'IKW : 7 n y i n l mn (3 * rJyrvin 9 3 ~'$1 : l n y i w n 9 5 n5vi ~ * r55yn 1'12 * '5yn :7no a i i ~ n*5;lizn2 ~ 9 5s) 5 ~nhya 2 1 +
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Between the Grammar and Dedication we find (on page BB) the famous Letter addressed to the Jews a t Rome and the surrounding country for controversial purposes, written in Hebrew with an interlinear Latin translation. The book seems to be so rare, that the bibliographers have never seen it, and give therefore a wrong description of it. Many have said that this Letter is to be found in the Complutensian Bible after the Grammar, which is not the case. Le Long, and many after him, confouncl Alfonso's Letter with St. Paul's Epistle to the Hebrews, which Alfonso translated into Latin. Castro and Maittaire give the right description of it. As far as our knowledge goes, copies of this Letter are to be found in the British Museum (two copies), in Paris and Berlin. Neither the Bodleian library, nor the University library of Cambridge possesses a copy of it. Being so rare, we believe we are justified in giving a description of it. The title of the Letter is the following :-
,137-rn1 T W H n9-rin7i7 5~ 7 7 9 ~iii35nn :,'.llnnn n5ww nyln nnliwnz n n l ~wim5 n n i l and it is divided into seven chapters. The first begins as ~ O ~ I O W SN: T ~ Hnfww ~ Y S H n 9 n i l 9 ~m~i ll 5ng 59n 7 ~ containing a kind of introduction, and the second chapter gives roofs from the Old Testament for the Trinity. They are the same which we find in all controversies. The chief passages are, (a) in Isaiah vi. 3, where we find three times w l ~ pholy " ; ( b ) in Zechariah xii. 10. Alfonso says : n3nl S D ~~
l 5 w n:,'.l,ir~ 5~ nzn n l j m -r9yni HZ> ~ ~ 3 13913t i l nN7p37 1 4 n ~n n 3 nmrJ ,-1~pn1 ";IN n5m * 9% la9mi lnnw 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 5 . I n fact, the Codex Babylonicus has the variation of 79% and 75~.1 We see, later on: that Alfonso was well versed in grammar as well as i n Massorah. Finally, Alfonso quotes the famous passage in the Zoha~,W'Vi) N 1 1 w ~ im, n w y i ,
~9nw-rwi:,'.l. See Baer's edition. 1878, p. 89, and ed. Ginsburg, 1894, p. 111j.
See page 402.
3
~
The Jewish Qzlnrterly Reoiezc.
402
Chapter 3 has for subject the Hebrew grammar. The
writer says that he has studied the grammatical works
of Judah Hayyuj, of R. Jonah, of the Ben Ezras, but all
of the111 are without method, and none of their disciples can
write Hebrew. The following is the Hebrew text :-
n~1,inw n m 1 11~i3in~1
n35
pi7p-1 7nw n3'1~~1n3n 1 7 ~ 153775 1 s n w
w+w n v w i p l 4 i i p 9 ~ n n2p n 5 l p i 1~in5iil
n ~ i w 11wmnn ~ x 5snii~i: n35 ~ w n n5 3 p n n w nwi-rpn
nn 53 S,~?HY p n p m nn3nl 9 3 : nmnm m-rn 711nt.271 : n3p 5 3 1 q n'~ln''31 n n w n w n 7 p n nwnnn i m 3 w T E ~ D'nnp ~ 71'1 5 3 1 n n w nsmnnn i m n w nn S n Z H lnli 5 3 1 nn'rpni * 1 ~ 1 ~ 5 a su n l s y p l i'nw n w n '?5153733 l? ~ 7 1 1 '31 1 ~ I i i 3 W nn ? i l ? H ~ mi : n'1ins 531 '12 I s n s n l W 5 7nH 1 ,'D ?~*QH W P l r D 531 7 3 7 1 : n);? 17y .ry 5 3 p n p m 1 7 ~ 2n1iw5 1375 1 5 5 ~ ns~sn5~in unvw ~ 3 3 1 ~11' 515 Y'IY 5 m w T ~ H m 5rr 1555~mn3 ~5 nim n~l-pn i3n11n~ n535n~nnnvn nswiyw ln3 p n p ' ~ ~ k ~ ~ ~ nn5 11n3 YWH np77p~ 5 - 1 7 ~ 5~ n r m n 1135 a m + n w 1 1 1 Y 1 ~ 3 5 5nslu15 ~ t171 nm~n~i7'1 nmn-rpn n9-1~nnn n y m nwmrt ~ 5~ 73541 ~5 nH n31iw5 ~ 1 n?u-rv ~ 5n x w w D37353Y ?El5 ~ 3 11'15 ~ 15W N ~i7lbf)i? 153775 D ~ l W Y l 75H 71~52 ~ 5 3 n19p 71'11 ~ n ~ u TnH w ~n ' ~ 5~ 5 3 lnw *3 t . 2 ~n 7 nmi : n a a Spnu nu -.law 7 7 n7)pi n3n pi'~p75n93?12n Q517Dil iin5 1Y73 ~5 rrn3rw nmnnn nv~y? n v m nmn i 2 n x TD ~ 5 n1n v 7 151517 ~ 3 1 ~ 5 I l D n l ns~n51amp5 nw 53 n ~ 5 9 w TY q ~ i x 5 H ~ W p17p77 n 3 H 5 ~ nn5n 13 5 ~ 1 D5331P li7lVl Dyl7Dn n1iw5 i-rn5 7351 * ~ w n 5~ 7 5 5 snnl ~ nDnyn 7 1 ~ 3nnr1+~1 12~51 p915 1 Y Y l lH53 H ~ wnn5 11n 7H 5 3 * 521nn 5y 713 m~li75u5w 1 1 1 Y X D ~ ~ Y ' I1 n ~ n 5nwnt.inn nnby ~ 7 i1 y n TWH ~ i i n l p n n53 n35 5 i ~ 1 i i 3 85 1 1 ~ 57331 7 5 5 5 ~i2ii3 ~35315nuvn5 vnii nH 7~ * ~ p l l ~ p 7nsllnnn 2 * n5ni 5 u m n w 717 5~ nns117ill713 53 n35 n j w ~ 3 2 , i > ~ > i : l'nv 5n ~ 5 1 5 ~ n w n5~ n 5 3 w l 1 ~ 2YWH n122n n 3 > n 5 3 535 Y V 5 3 * nmpii n n ~inip? l ~ 5 1593 i ilqpn ~5 DH 5 3 ' ~ 1 ~155 1~ 5 3 5199 mnn1 Y T H ; ~ 1 9 Y 5~ : ~ j 3 wl i ~ ~ n5swn n 5 p v p ~ ini n 3 n z n2l~ni 7 1 W m 7777 +
+
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In the fourth chap+er he says as follows:
any75 7x3 73 v FJ.. - t3. '7. ~ i i r i 7 1T ~n D l -1n15533 .rlu nw?: 7 3 n33n3n 7 1 n ~ ;nl5nn 7 1 ~ 2~ 5 1 ~in3ln3 5 73 n p s m 723 327w7 n 1 ~ ~al$wrr5 n nl-InH (theorici) n n n 1-1~3~n 1~ 53 vlul nl5nn q l ~ n l t 5u t 1 i 7 ~ w nismn2 rrlnnn nl5wn mDnl Inwmn - v m~n5 H ~ m W n ~i13nn5 3 7 7 mu2 l ~ l2n1 i ~~5 nvn 7u y 77 n 7 n r ~ n 5rrl5nn ~ J V m D n~ n 3 I n y 9 1 n 7 ii1*nlH 5 1 p ~9 ~ 7alw~ m n v ~ p 573 53wn p-193 n5un5 srnnnw n n nn 1 ~ a n~3 n 1 ~ 2 T7Y D I ~ ?N 73 ~ n l 5m 1 - 1 * 7 n n 1 ~ ~ ....,.1153n H ~ u
93
+
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+
The sixth chapter has for subject the Talmud, of which Alfonso says the following :-
yylnl n ~ u vnnw W D H i i W 1 '~ln5,inn ~ n 3 nn a n -rly i\~5nn rnwl tjb531 P ~ T ~ W 15p~t1n l - ~ n un w ~ pn9w11 nw WY aun In75 v n 13 3 3 -111~3* lap Inr nnw r 5 ~ n nsml ~ i l 717 ~ n5~ ~ 5 1 - 1 ~5-117n n l n n l asmwnn 711i2 * mnn U D ~ ~ S ~ 1 m ~nnlN n i 7 iu'19 nHw n~57ulnnsH 53 n553i.fl * n ~ l x 1 3nswwn 7 n nl5nnw ~ nnHw rnnl5nn I n a s Tn3 n5-11ii~31 c*559i7nl 155~n5n21 12 ti515n~n~ mw+n wlnl l i l ~ WDHW In:, a3sn3nnn m nnn w91117 * 53wn 512521 nlnn 7 - 1 7 5 s~in DHW 753p nuwn r r l nnn3 9115s m-r 7 5 1 2 3 H TT IN ium? w I W N ~N ~ I1 1 3 7 H 1 ln15swnn nn5 5wn pins vwuw 75n xu YnHn 737 nw1'~pnmnnnH ~19n~n5 Y ~ Y HIH ~ I~ V H~ H D Y Dm5n n1n-r 5mws n ~ n n5u 7w1n n n n ~n12p155n1 1 r l H l n5w5-12 n+pw v n ~ i 2 5 7 ~ H~ T ~7 + D 2 3 ~ 3H'T ~ Y 9n1-1~i1 I n317w5 mn nyyn~n5wul * nyan35 5,iwn 53 * 1 1 2 1 1 ~H ~ HA T ~ W ~ p r 5r ~ * nl2w a-YWTaru t33lnlHw nmDnn nl~591n131 n 5 ~ n c v x m ~1nw51~ -1p5 E>j?fl3?31 W H i75H3 D 7 2 1 PTlnH D7-1371 HD53 335 W ~ i l l i l N +
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The Jewish Quarterly Review.
404
n35nn1 W 75nn nr 1 1 1 ~ 1 1* niyn n ~ n ~ nnn r n lnl3-w5nw ..rln5rrn 53 qnw5 Tin YIW-5~ ~ ~ 3 1 i 7 3l ~ 3 1 9 ~ qnn - p m n n i 79Dlna 33 * n n " r 1 ~i'nw n911 nwns -rDn n3nu n3wiu 19nw li7191w' BMW n35 l n w 9 3 ~ 1 : 1 ~ 3 9 9 3 11 n5ym n35 1~ 93 1 1 2 ~ 1 ~ 2 ~ 9 3uimn 5 wwn5 51'12 1175 nnHn 1 ~ 7 9~5 n19n TYW irn it rri3~wm1 1 1 1 1 r r n > ~ n ~ 1 3 1 ni5n1 1~ * n i l 1 nl>wii.lnT nn-n5~5 wn-r51 nn-aswn n n w n 951 a m 1 7 1 nun 931 nr 5~ lywnnn 1n3 131 m p s ~m n D?>H31 q ~ i 3n.nNn 53wn 5151 N ~ * T; a m ~5 n ? ~53 7 1 1 1 ~ 1 1 1 nnzw l n l i n n mn 93 I N m11 nn :51251 1 s ~ i n w-55 -rln5rrn In n i - ~ 1 a35 ?rrN..rln a n ~ n - r mnnypnx rrwl'rpn rn9rr37nN tlwnnn5 13 lww n*y'rl>i nswilanl ~711331 a31171 n5n 93 nn5w 1 i i ~ 3 ~ ~ z i T H 73 m i * ~iiywynn l p ~ 9511 nn-nimn 53 51151 -52 i ni5lus 5~ 1 3 7 1 1 1 n9y~~inr n l m i 9 - r - nwun 5 ~ niny 12iw~i~5 BN n 3 ~~ ? 1 nDln3 inww n ~ n 5n 3 n a32 : nwl-rpn 131i3mn 1~nnn5 117 ~
Y
The seventh chapter treats of the Kabbalah, of which we give the following extract :-
c m n > n ~yn1n9319un n5l;ln n n ~ hn39n3n i l l n -riu
nwn 7 5 1 ~ n h p n n n j n mnu? 9351 Y ~ T ~5 - n11 ~ n l w r 53 D3919 N ~ wn177 i l l 7 l D 1 1 U 9 W 1 1 1 Y 1 71113 N51 333Dn 17HW3 n l ' ~ i ~nn ? ~ i * 5172 a m n>n* ~5 as 9 1 1 3 7 2 n w nYl,Tsn D31171 TH 1lpw~131171121 i~ ni9i7ipn ~ 7 3 ~ : i715nn IN niyi7i~n1 9 3 ~ 11~ 11,131 We shall now enumerate, chronologically, Alf onso's lite rary productions, original (which are few) as well as copies, with the complete Hebrew postscripts. We do not pretend to be exhaustive, for it is possible that some works of his exist in some provincial libraries in Spain. I t is evrn possible that there are some of his MSS. in one or another of
1
the Madrid libraries, as well as a t the Escorial, which we have overlooked. We hope that our learned friend, I).Fidel Pita, will be able to supplement the lacunze. We shall see1 that no work of Alfonso is recorded between 1500 and 1516, but we can scarcely believe that Alfonso remained inactive for fifteen years.
I., DATE 1500. Targuln on Prophets, with a Latin translation, to be
found in the University Library of Madrid, without name,
but probably by Alfonso de Zamora. Colophon :-
n9ni-m p i i15w~ ~ ~ ~ ' C Yn9w9l1i7 I
~ i m nn5w3 i9nn71 w7r1 ~91737177~ ~ ~ W ~ D .IN% I H T 1~77 7 5 ~ 1 7 l i 7 m nr\?n nnw n7iii n n 3 w m;ln 1 1 c9f;.l\in9nf 75 q1-w
u9afa9r
zfwn r71w if511 w ~ n ? niy 'tf131n5w31 in niwly '7 ~ ~ 935 7i799n n '151 95 7ny~i77 n'wnn +a 715~111 1 ~ 9 1 5i7'1~n wnni 7 5 ~ ' ~ w pi7-n1ii ~
n ~ ?nnwf 773
9nsw
33 'HI?
79Yn
5 ~ 9 7 V93Y?f3. 1 ~ ~ 7i?WZC1H19'IN19 777 717335 ~97%fl?H 7n1 : ~ f 7 ?5b~n l 779510 f? 1 2 W f l 9 D l N t3'39WW 9 7
Made by the command of Cardinal Ximenez; finished the 27th July, 1500 A.D.
11., DATED 1 5 1 6 . MS. at the University Library of Salamanca. This MS. contains : (1) i 9 w i 7 17121 lYw7, "On Poetry," by Gabirol, attributed to &IoscsQamhi (in the Latin translation written Camchi) in the edition; the real author is David ILn Y a h ~ a ;(2) ~ " t h e Accents according to the Italian and Sephardic rites"; (3) " R. Meir ben Todros Abulafia's Masoretic treatise ( n ~ i ~ n )finished ," the fifth of Elul, 498'1 A.M. =1227, a t Toledo. Colophon :- ti793 n;n 19D7 53 n5w3 vY*win n ~ 5 51'/9i p"ii7 q 5 ~ i 1 3 W l ~ = 1 i u3775 i ~ am? '1 '3 ~ 3 3 5H i~l B l I N 3 1 7?1Y m7ntSw 97 7 ~ 1 7 5~ I~' Y nfwn yim?
'
?
See below, Nos. I. and 11. See Steinschneider, Ctstal. Libr. Iieb. Ox., p, 866.
406
The Jetcish Qz1,arterly Review.
..
.. 97. Finished a t Alcale de Henares, Monday, the seventh of October, 1516, under great difficulties. Alfonso claims to have taken this treatise from a copy made by Baruch Ibn Sahl who transcribed it from the autograph, and there he saw the author's signature, R. Meir hal-Levi ben R. Todros, The date of composition, 4987, as well as the words l n w nnsnn ~ N T~ 9 is also found in the Escorial MS., G. Pluteo I., No. 5, which contains the conimentaries on Psalms by D. Qamhi and M. Meiri, and those by Rashi and Levi In, Gershom on the five Megilloth, Ezra and Nehemiah, followed by 9377735 Inn nmn TUW and the n i m n 'D,but the name of the copyist, Baruch, does not occur in it, as far as we have noticed it. (4) "D. Qarnhi's Dictionary," dedicated to Xi~nenes ( y w n w ' T P 777 A ~ W Y > ) , and here Alfonso says that he is forty-two years old. He gives the title of these four treatises, which are translated into Latin, as Y I Y N ~ 5 7 g(Genesis xxii. 2), in allusion to the numbers of the books found in it. There are some glosses on the last two treatises. At the end of the MS., by another hand, i t is stated that the King Don Carlos, son of Doiia 1 1 daughter of Don Fernando and Isabella, Juaria ( ~ 3 ~ H431'1), went to Spain in the year 1518, when he was seventeen or eighteen years old, and brought with him a councillor, , had put enormous taxes upon the people. callcd W ~ I ~ Wwho This caused a revolution against the king, and ho had to return to his country with great shame.
$ 1 ~ 1r 7 1 n ~ b l . . W913W
III.,
DATED
1517.
" Targum of Hagiographa," with a Latin translation (forming the second volume of No, I). Colophon :-
n5w3
i 7 w n w a n 1 +N i736U 5 9 7 1 ~w ~ n 5wn9 n 3 1 n t t ~ 9 ~ 5 3 7w=1 ~ 55~ ~ nywn y w l n ? 7 3 ~ 9 w 7 n n7555 t N v m 7 n D 9 - v 1 ~ 3 1 79 +W 51172 173 W1753DyD 97 t 9 3 5 b w lFW~D3H7F3 717 l b H n 3 :5 i 3 i71W W577'k? 97 753% N17E3 i 7 5 1 0 9 5 l b
Made a t the wish of Cardinal Ximenez a t Alcala de Henares, finished Wednesday, the 8th of April, 1517.
~
1
I n the Angelica a t Rome, No. 21: " Grammar and Dic-
tionary of Joseph Caspi (see Histoire Litte'raire de la. France,
t. XXXI., p. 499). Colophon:--~YY~W t l ~ rtrn l %DR n?w> n7955 T W Y R Y W ~nwn wan7 ~ S Hn3w 1 9 9 5 ~ w ~ n 51 ' 3 7~31 171~ R T ~ H D9 7 1 1 ~ 3 1 579~ >Y nswnn Y W ~ Rv ~ ~ 9w
ln Copied at Alcala de Henares,
WslHlW 9 7 3 5 ~ 3 5HnB1. ~
finished on Saturday, the 23rd July, 1519.
V., DATED 1519.
" Escorial Pluteo 2. c. 85. Moses Qamhi's 7%n, with
Written a t
Benjamin's notes and a part of the %n." Alcala de Henares, finished in December, 1519.
VI.,
DATED
1520.
At the end of a Bible with the lesser Massorah, written Tebeth, 5242=1481, a t Talbsona, by Yom Tob, son of Isaac Amarillo (see Archives des Xissions Scientijiques, 2nd sdrie, vol. v., p. 4241, followed by the text of the " Megillath Antiochos" (in Hebrew), we find the following colophon :qjk4 R3W 1blHn W7nn 11WHT nls i711nHb 97 1 ~ 3 1 % 93H '1~~11 133 9 1 9 ~ 1 5 i - n ~ w5n37 yn:, 7 ~ l i - r;7~5;71nwn jprn .mmn ~57n w 7 ~ 515 7\;71 ~ 1 ~ 3 913 ~~ ~7i - 1Q 3 T ~531 H 9n715n1 " . - - - n 9 ~ ' ; 1(effaced) ~5 9nl"ll 13Yi3 'In91 95m q > b v-tl75 nvn
In this postscript, dated the 1st of March, 1520, Alfonso
complains of his friends who turned from him; he is un-
happy and ill (see below, p. 414).
VII., DATED 1528, Escorial Pluteo I., No. 4. " Genesis," with Spanish translation and marginal notes, has the following colophon :1719n17 ?'/ill +H
4 i i ~ n ~ n in> 7 I ~ ~ W H?W ~ Z ~ i 7sDn n u5w3 L I ~ W 1~11 w.m5 n9ns I/'> '2 n w sny n i l l n m
'5n
' See the Catalogue, p. 94.
408
The Jeu:ish Quarterly Review.
5'1 l w ~ m 5 1 '~ 1 1 ~'19 5~ n*wn Y ~ W S~ Y - W 17' V 1~9% n92w '31 n n 3 n l 5 n m ~ 3 n n 51 ~ 9 - 1 ~9'1 3 9~~ 5 ~ ~i7n1 3 5 ~ i7-11n~b 9 9 5 1 7 l W V7H7 5 3 3 1Ynw 93 15'Hll~b9'193 n m ' ? ~ . Finished
Tuesday, the 26th June, 1520, a t Alcala de Henares for Sirillio (see above, p. 399).
National Library, Madrid, C. 33, No. 5. D. Qarnhi, Dictionary without trowel points, except the word 'nn?, probably by Alfonso, dated Thursday, the 11th August, 1526, according to the end, where me read, w-rn5 n9ay 1"9 '7 n l y 9~7-13'1 n9wnn Y ~ D Y vy.irnm rr7955 1'/31 9"i7 173w 1 8 ~ 7 1 ~ 93~1-pm 7nli)s ~5 rrawn 759'1 1 9 3 1 ~ 3m ~ ~rnrr9 3 ?n7nNy ' 1 ~ 39'1 9 7 ~ 5 ~ 3 ' 317n3n ~ r r 9 1 'IYnY9 ~ l 7 w7 n l ~ . A t be>~ 33nwsw Hmlp 7735 lnN3 ginning we read : u * H ~ z 9wl-m ~
n S Y wDY~HIU ~ - ~ 1'I~~INW rn ~73~572 1D3 ~71'I)p3
951
5~ 7 ~ 9 ~ 7H9~
W 93
lil-rlp 75
D9Wll99 15 W91 Al'Ili73
:5 n ~ tCIYn1
m7
nn3
YAY
9 5 1
~ 1 7 ~ 5
95 ni7'l~ 5ln
11'1~
Finished Thursday, 16th August, 1526. H e mentions the Professor Antonio de la Foveta as being opposed to the establishing of a n university a t Alcala de Henares. He mentions the priest Corea who reproached Sanjez that he could not read unpoiiited IIebrew. We cannot elucidate the rnatter in dispute ; nothing of it is mentioned in La Euente's 2fistot.i~t i e las U~zioer~itrtdes en EspnrZa.
IX.,
PROBABLY
1526.
The second edition of Alfonso's Hebrew Grammar and his letter addressed to the Jews a t Ro~ne,see ~zbove,p. 398.
X.,
DATED
1527.
Univ. Libr. Madrid. A Latin translation of Genesis, with the following colophon :- 97 ?H*XDIH 11'1 ? 711nrr 5n-3 ?IW Dl91 717 7 9 b 7 ~ 5 7917737 ~ 3 lUlHi7WHi) tDTI5 Dl9 'I"? 1317YlW5 191~5 YltUl C9lWY7 r71Hn WHnl q5H 173W h33*H :%'-, 7 5 3 5 ~N i 7 E 3 ;TTlEHt? ? f ' 1 ~ 3 1 5 'I9 5 ~ 5~
35i741
Finished the 14th of January, 1527, a t Alcala de Henares at the time of the corrector (2) Don Antonio tle Cascanto (2). XI.,
1527.
DATED
MS. in the National Library of Paris, Hebrew No. 1229. David Qarnhi's Grammar,text with Latin translation, has the following colophon :-5153nrr -15o m31 * p17p-m p5n n5w1
nn5nn
law1
-19s sn9>
i
~
~ 55ni7 w n
nnnl ' T ~ D 75n wl5-1wp 177 w71n5
n9n9 91w
tlmi71 ~ '19215 mi7
-1~9pn11117~5H ~ ~ ~ ? N > Y Q ~ H
~ Y ~ I tlv2 W ~ 5 ~ nwl~pi7 3 1 139r131nH 5wni7
.. 97 n>w$y w~in2 ~ T i n w ? ??. 9 w. ~ .i 5 5-19~ 5~ +y.gn9~qq mni7 17s312 n n ~ i w 91 5 1 ~ 5 i i -1 q5w n l w l w 9 1 , ~ ; 9 ~ nyi75w HT
TWY
nn w9w 592i-15p
r9731
152~7ypwwn . . n5w7
: i72-19nnsy
: Inwl lnw ~ 5 1 ~7739 5
n911w
77-12
Written for Eduardo Leo, English Ambassador a t the court of the Emperor Charles V., a t the advice of Maestro Pablo Nufiez Coronel, finished Saturday, the 2nd of November, 1527. This MS. also has + n q . No doubt that the Spanish Jews prorlounced this name Camhi; indeed, the nickname of '1?17;7 given to our David by the Provenqal Rabbi can only be explained by the Arabic word Qavzh, "wheat," and has no sense if pronounced Qimhi, from nnp, "flower." There are now familics in the East called Qanilzi and Qimhi, of which the former is the Hispanico-Arabic pronunciation, and the latter that of the Franco-Germanic pronunciation, who only know the word nnz and not the Arabic Qnmh. XII.,
DATED
1530.
National Library, Madrid, No. 12, contains the Latin trans-
lation of Isaiah, Daniel, and Lamentations. Colophon:-
n 5 3 5 ~Hiin> I ~ ~ Y W 5~9171 ~ T nwp
nnw i75wi7 n9mDn nw5w n"9
PYQW 0791 1n5~11inlnHD 97 1 ~ 3 1 5979 ~ 5~ W ~ l 3 S H97
:1
191n5 51
1 1 ~ ~ 1 ~ 9
ijnl
~ 5 wi71w5
'121b1N w7n5
nv
410
The Jewislb &ualskrly Review.
These three books were written a t Alcala de Henares, finished on Saturday, the 15th of October, 1530. XIII.,
DATED
1532.
Aramaic introduction to the Targum of Isaiah, begun a t Salonica, Tuesday the 28th of February, 1532, according to the following words in the Leiden MS., m l ~ ~ nff3 i 7 ' 2 Dl9 55 n3w np3n5w n>&n sn5nnn. The name of Alfonso does not occur in the MS., but there can be no doubt that he is the author, for Alfonso alone had charge of the Targum for the Comp1utensis.l Cardinal Ximenez has his full praise, as well as Coronel. The following Introduction is to be found in the MS. Warner, q5 F :-
: n p 3 ~ n ~ 5n397n5 ~ w 91iln3w nlmnn n3~5nnn-rp : nnn 53 1171 1 1 mlpn 535 : nzn l s ~ n 1m3 9-13-r
XIV.,
DATED
1534.
University Library, Madrid. "Commentary of D. Qamhi on Isa'ie," written by Hayyim ben Samuel Ibn ~ ~ 1com1 , pleted by Alfonso, has the following colophon: 97 1 ~ 3 1 5 5 ~ 9% n3w1 n 5 w ~n + ~ i )nn1 > nrn Y D D ~U V Y D 1ii3 ~ :,TED ws1~3+ "I~ 7 5 ~ 3 5 Hiin1 ~ 131iYlW*pn5 i 5 l $iil, completed a t Alcala do Henares in the year 1534.
XV.,
DATED
1534.
MS. Madrid Bibl. Nac. David Qamhi's Dictionary has the following colophon: Hlnl nrn 5153nn ' D l m n n5w3
~ 1 W913+H ~ 5 '7 3 5 ~ 3 5Nil721 ~ TtllnD '7 1 ~ 3 1 9 5 79~5~ 7li)37 573 n+vnnl n+n3nn 1 1 v*+Y+ nw Y W M n + ~ s n ~m n l n
~
i 3 l fin1 7 5 ~ A3W1 D+l+!JD3D 9 l W n 7+ D + l s D n + l i l t ,1+1i75 ~TIID~H w-rn5 n+n+'1 '1 n v i lws '151n5. Completed a t
Alcala de Henares, finished on Monday, the 2nd of October, 1534. To be kept in the Library a t the disposal of students. XVI.,
DATED
1534.
" Targum Onqelos " (MS. Escorial), followed by i i l n m l n nulnn, which are those found in the so-called " Targum Yerushalmi," on ilHlSln ~ 3 n(Gen. xxxviii. 25), 1 9 5 w ~ ~ ? (Gen. xliv. 18), 71lylws5 (Gen. xlix. 18), and n5wl +n91 (Exod. xiii. 17), followed by the words : n l ~ i g ~ Tl iHi W ~ I mnlpnl nrn l Q D 1 n l l l n 3 B n wnmn "The other passages will be found in their places." Colophon : I W ~ ~ D 1\3725 i l j l ;jl+ q5H i 1 3 ~ 1nri7 T E ? Ds311Dn ~ 3113 n m n b 97 From K ~ ' I Y ~ \ D(1.I
) seems to be erased in the MS.
~ H
412
5w5 nzw
The Jewish Qtrtrrterly Heaiew. w\Tw!w
9'1
n5w35~wnn1
~IJ~YYW Completed ~.
a t Alcala de Renares finished in 1534. XVII.,
DATED
1536.
MS. Nac. Library, containing the Pentateuch, completed by Alfonso, has the following colophon:- . I I ~ T Dm~n 3 3 ?'I
R l l D H D 97 1 ~ 3 ' 1 9 5 'I9 ~ 5~ n l n WD1ni-r 1111BlW w ' I l l 3 Dl9 d'9 9Y911 Dl91 l n 5 ~ 3 1WflH39W
N > H ? ~ H Hnnl
7 5 ~n 3 W 5w5 nlw
V ~ Y W S793735 5% ;7ii?. Completed a t Alcala de Henares, finished on Wednesday, the 15th October, 1536. MS. Leiden.
XVIII.,
DATED
1544.
Letters addressed by Professor Sornosa, a t the University of Alcala de Henares, to Pope Paul 111. and to Cardinal de Santa Balvina, asking protection in the name of all the Professors against D. Juan Tavera, who persecutes the University. We have no means of finding out what these persecutions were ; it seems against Hebrew tea,ching. These letters were either translated into Hebrew, if not com.posed,by Alfonso. He says here that he is about seventy years old, and has not yet seen happiness. He has pointed these letters for the use of those who are not advanced Hebrew scholars. He adds that he alone remains now of the wise men of Spain who m7ere exiled in the year 5252 (1492 A.D.).
TnHw 1n35 ~ n n w 115 ~ M ' Cnnmn R qynnl m n n l j1m9 7 9147 TH n3wsnn aalnanx F ) D n3wji~1i ~ PH ~ ~ 3 ~ 5'11,~nn3nil 7 1 nm Tlnn 9 3 Hsnn n9rr5~ ny-rl 19w3 TM nnnl nnlw 79nls3 PHW n9553n1 nwl'lpn 131i31n~ t39x1i3i7 p n 5 n5m nnH ~ ' C YWY nynwn nu5n ft31~1 n w ' n Inw nl11w5 w5wi7 H ~ R ' I* w n ~ n v n9wni)n l aNw lnH1 Tnmpna w n p n lnun91 nvnrn 73 9 3 n9-rsnv 71~55 7531 Mp3W P9lWY1 n Y 1 l H P ~ l S D li)9D 135 n'i79 Y I ~ I Hn ~9 1 ~11~55 753w Y ~ W ?13nywn n l i l w l l PHI i79'1~n9 1 9 Y 1 nHT7 i 7 1 9 W 9 1 D9lWlVl Pyllni71 Cisn3nn 53 79'71Y n~53w1 y ~ i w l ~37i9)1 '7953.7 n9i)wv 1153 W ~ Y M ~ 9'7H ~ 5 ~ 3 5 ~ +
+
+
-73 7i71 V ~ D Yr1113T3i7 ~ nmw5i7 P ~ ~ N ~o-wpn W J mn3Ml * n9553n1
w5m
7 5 ~1-rn5l n5~11 1 1 9 n 1 1 ~59mi75 ~
nwnpn
-piwni)1 W ~ Wn9i75~i7nznH 1 1 1 ~ 1~ I Y ' C Y ~711 W 7nwni)n 119931 Dan H5 5~ DB'71W n h b b 733 13191H lrfn ll%!ill N Q ~ i?7 ~ 1 ~7~13. a 117 lnwz mp17 n ~ 1~9 ~nn 11'1~~ l n 1 n m nms -r?nn PV 5 3 1 1 1 9 5 ~ -pnlsn 5~ 1 1 ~ 1* ~ 1 ~ 5~ 1 3117 ~ 3 ~1 137~17275 125 nn3w n9wnpi7 793rr3l t399i)
oww
H5
Pi793331 79lj731 79195 197 1 W H D9W1'7i)i7 il11Ni7 aslwn ~ywi~pi7 791173 Y Y ~ ) W H ~ Hnnri) H ~ W9 7 ~51
1nw2 H Y ~ ) I ~nm~3nn ~ ' ~Yi Y 7Z zwv ~li775171 1nt3 1 3 9 5 ~ ~lnw w l h ~ i71 )7 l ~ s p i 71 3 1 1 ~nlsn ~ 5~ TZY 73 nn nm9p mwyw TY 139nlpm mnw9wT 1 3 3 3 ~ 3 H ~ Wn1s1 1 1 9 5 ~ 191~ 5~ n3nw H ~ H7 91n3 li7a91w Y ~ 9 W 7 ~51 ' 1 1 9 ~nn5n5 7 3 19393 D9W1'7i)n 791~13 Hli)9W 1 9 5 ~D T I ~ W W n95~5 +
~ 5 1: 1 - 1 9 ~ 1
nnla 1 ~ x 3131wn1l InY ~ I n5l-n H n1s1 nnmn nH3wn ?H n~3pnPH * nmi7 n H r R W ~ Y i7n5 ~ I Y T t a w n57a95a 5w 7737 1113~19ai)n5 ?H llnni7 n m ~ 1~ 1nw1 N T ~ W~ H R~ V J ~~ 3Y1 3 13191~97 ~ H T~ D Y19195 b9i73H N S 1 l W 9 1 D i l W I N i79i7W
Y939n9W
lj)W9DlHl3 V 1 9 1 3
v 5 a ~ l* ~ W Y Wr1111ai7 1mm5n 5 3 3 i 7 k ~ w1n3 Yln 731 ~ r r w n pn l r u n7i)nz rnY3ni-r n m n nmsn 53 n n y TY EM 93 * w n i ) nyi75~W ~ Hniiwl nrn5~nmpnz IWY n n ~ w 7 5 ~ 3 1nsi79 i 7 1 i 7 9 I I ~ H W W n ~ n5~wr'l ~ n ~ n w l - r i n) w ~ ~ i In a3lw1 lwsn n s i n D m l n n VHI '73573 7% yawl
nn3Di71 ilHTi7 n l l H i 7 7i'lwl'lp5 9 i l l i 7 3 I ~ H T Zi711Dn 719W97 71iwn75a9~nnwn a m - 3 ~ 17 1 t?->wlyncs-.lYnrrinm3ni-r 5 2 VOL. v11.
E E
The Jewish Quccrterly Reciezc.
414
59719~5n5 n955ann ' a n ?*nil nv 5311 n5n1 i 7 1 5 ~ ~n1n : Inn v n n m nwl-r;;ln lii-nau5 -jrrwl-r;;l i1711~517Htn i 1 1 1 H 3 i 7 ~ 5 ~ 331i733 1
D ~ W ~93W W Dl93 unn1 n9umnl mnn wnnl 9% 173W m n n w ~ n 5n~ T ~ H V
973
4
illNn 7 7 9119wY wln9wn ~'li9iiln5311 finis laus deo : nn179w 9n n n 5 x I rmn? 5ni nv;;ln D T ~
~ W
Para el Cardinal de Santa Balvina.
Illus trissiino y Revectissimo (so).
: 7nn 75~311 1 ~ 31 1 ' 1 ~ n ~ 3 nlnsnls lnww n n 311 717n3nl 7~7137~ iiy-rv 713 ~ n i nnsnw 5 ~ 9n1 1 7 nst1n i v w mu I1ni-r n x w n rnnm 95 n 3 5 ~lnn1 i)u9 115 n x i u l w93 1 ~ 3 1 1 * tll' 531 nn5 Dawn i 7 m -p'~i u v nnn 93 nilln m n n i n95171n 5n ~ n i 5nmw n l m n 1g1i3 5~ mlw i ~ n 9nnn 7 n * nnsn5n 53 ~pn57lww5 n w * n iwn3nl isaswl i r w l ayrr 95171 93 n5 nnw an5 ~ m t n l * nun I l n n l i n ~ wu-ii Sgyn 117 n5wi-19ntzw I:, nwu n5w ~ u u n 1-nw9 a53 93 13 ~ W Y ? n31nw ln9nl9 nm-p ~ 9 n9n11p1 ~ 3 n ~ 0n9 ~ 1 1 13nw ln3 YnHw in3 n l ~ n nywlu n vnw 197n nny 5u n 5 w v ~ ,i5a n u inn 137 * a-nmn m u 1 nx 1959 pyx H-237 I ~ ~ Y W 197n nvu 5~ i p ~ sn9~933n n5nw ln31 : n391im V Y ~ -pim-rn5 D ~ ~ Y 71isYln W Insn 7 m u anln 13 ~ 5 ~ 1 n-nw ~91 97 n513.5~- 1 9 ~ 3 ,intn n39wr1 n93wl7n n91inni n9n3nn 53 n i i u 'IYW in31 * nntn n ~ w 9 n~ i ~ Inv ni 7ni3-m -3 w w - n V ~ H W73 1 3 7 ~ 11175 i3nu ~ 9 1 1 n-11 ~ 1 n y ~ ~~1 n1 3 7 Hr r w ~ H Y ~ Wrr51u95~773 93 735 l i t ~ , i 11395~piiw 7nv3'1~5n ~ i y +
79~ywIn:, my11 n l l l m ~ sis5y nsln n191nb ]NU 117 13w 9 3 * nm 15 wsw i i l l t y l a s h i7135~n3~ ~ i7~113'1~5 l ? nnnni wnpn I n n nn3i n m n l nipnn nsp~5 n s i ~ msn 5~ Y > Y ~ a95y 73.75 135 1n3w 15395 1mW n~w1'1pn mi)>i wnpn IH 9ln3 Y T ~in~91w1i93nni nii: 13wi'ri) 7~9i)naas-rn nlsn 5~ m y 13 nn 7nn 9 3 i ~ rnln1 nam-p ~n13'1nin3 nnrn n ~ w 9 n11'1~1 yln ninw wl5~np117 +
+
i751b1598 In3 Vvn9w lpw9~3n~5 9 9 i 7 . 1 ~ 9 DTDW 1n3 n s - r ~ n n ~ 5 nl5wYi.r T D ~ W 79'12~un3n 13 5 ~ 1+5nn i i ~ i l ~nnrn wi-rpn zn5 7 5 ~ 7n912'1n 52 m ~ n w7~iv-rwnn35mw 1793 Q Y ~ i157j71 H ~ 7 5 ~ n lY1n 53 nlH9 &W 15 5 ~ ~ 1 1 1 n ~ nlp4il r ~53 W Y ' I ~n975n ww nlni lnipna 1wi7 nlnw n m n l v n n D ~ D Yn5nn ~ iiwsn 53 i 7 n ~'IY 1 3 5 ~ qni3'1n ~ R W Y ~~ n ilf55371 l n w i ~ p n13~llinn5573.n5 973 n9n5nn : 73572 753.1 1nW1 7 5 ~ 3 27 9 7 9 1N 1 3 5 7~2 7il13'IN ~ ~ mln3 nnrn nl'wsn In mlwl lwsn n s 1 n ~m1nn ~1 nslwnn n v n n l nsn3ni-r53 nnmn=1nnm nmnn ~n13'1n5 a19 533 n5i-n rrl59wl 7na-rn5 nslnrrwn am 5 3 ~ 1n l 7 , i ~ n ~n15wi 5 i i i ~ -pn ~ x -pn?w 5n5 n955~nnvn v n ~ i RWY nny 'IYW t1951'1r1 n s'~s~nn m 3 w n5 93 * nwi-rpn : Inn nuln 7ni>-rn59x9 5nn * ilny 7nalrw 7 1 ~ 1315 ~ 1ninw 9w95w n l ~ il i ~ in>nn ~ n nn5w31 nln33 l93n5 ymni tl9y1-1~1 nlnn wan1 q5n i73w * 59mn w7n5 nnrn nxnn ybnl In2 m1nnD 75 5~ ~ 5 3 5 ~D A1I I Y ~ W ~ :5n5 nlw laus deo +
+
+
The first letter was finished on Monday, the 1st of March, 1544. Here Alfonso calls himself teacher of Hebrew a t the University of Alcala de Henares. The second letter was finished on Tuesday, the first of April, 1544.
XIX.,
1558. MS. Bibl. Nac., No. 13, contains Exodus in Latin, with the following co1ophoxl:DATED
The Jewish Qz~ar.terly Ret,iezr..
41 6
r i j l i)iil f ~ nlw 5 ~ 9~m99ll>w'1n5 nl9 1N> '1 n191 n5wv ~99'1n7 mnw Hinl minD 97 1 ~ 3 1 9 5'19 ~ 5~ iw9 +ln5 mini7 snsl n5w3i m 3 3 1 nynm liw5l n v z y liw5 p n i ) ' ~ m3nn
iiszz
wiwl
lpnn
5wlpw~9lswln T W ~W + H ~-r9Dnl
:5 ~ 5n5nn
mi7
Written a t Alcala de Henares for the use of such students as came to Alcala from another country; finished Friday, the 27th of November, 1558, by Alfonso, author of a Hebrew Grammar in Latin, which is printed. This MS. was written in the time of Professor Musen Pascual, Officer of the University.
XX.,
DATED
1532 (doubtful).
Castrol mentions a MS. in the Escorial Library, written on paper a t Alcala de Henares, finished in the year 1532, which contains a theologico-controversial treatise with the D " Bonk of the Wisdom of God." title of nsn5~1 1 ~ 3119~ At the end i t is said that i t was written by Alfonso de Zamora. It is probable, says Antonio, that this treatise is a n amplification of the "Letter to the Jews of Rome" (see above, p. 401)) and what makes i t probable is, that a note in the MS. says that it was written at the desire of Don F. J u a n de Toledo, Bishop of Cordova. The MS. is written in two columns, of which the one contains the Hebrew text and the other is left blank, probably intended for a Latin translation similar to the Letter addressed to the Jews of Rome. We have not seen this MS. in the Escorial Library.
XXI.,
WITHOUT DATES.
A. MS. No. I S of the Bibl. Nac., contains D. Qamhi's 5153n, with the following colophon :-rnlam 9-1 nrn 5153~779Dl '11pn 53 2111 All the pointing
7~1w5t-1
was by Alfonso. B. MS. No. 19, contains the "Dictionary," of which a part is on vellum. Colophon injured :- nl+ " ' I "'311 l n 5 ~ 3 nv hJ/s '1. Qamhi is here written 'nn? Biblioteca Bspailolo, tome I., p. 400.
Don Nicolas Antonio1 mentions the following treatise of our author : " Compendium Alphonsi Zamorae Universorum Legis veteris pr~ceptorum,"in 4to. He says it was mentioned in a Catalogue of the Library a t Soria (Aragonia). Whether it was a printed book or a MS., he cannot say. P.8.-After this article was in type, the Bodleian Library acquired a copy of the Grammar (p. 399), in which a leaf is missing but supplied by a modern hand. A. NEUBAUER. Bibliotheca H i . y a ~ ~Nova, a vol. I., fol. %a.
