The Effects of Speed Variation on Joint Kinematics during Multi-Segment Reaching Movements Xudong Zhang and Don B. Chaffin Human Movement Science, 18:741-757, 1999. This study examined the effects of speed variation on the joint kinematic characteristics during multi-segment reaching movements. An experiment was conducted in which six subjects performed a wide variety of seated reaching movements using two speed modes. Motions of the upper torso and right arm were measured by tracking markers on surface body landmarks using a four-camera opto-electronic movement analysis system. Joint angle profiles were derived from the measured locations of surface markers, based on a 7-DOF biomechanical linkage model. These angle profiles were then mathematically characterized by four-parameter hyperbolic tangent functions through a non-linear curve fitting process. Accurate characterization of the profiles (mean R2 = 0.99) allowed subsequent statistical analysis. Both multi- and uni-variate ANOVA were used to test the speed effects on the parameters as a whole and individually. The study revealed the following: (1) neither the joint angle selection nor the amplitude of the selected angle motions was significantly influenced by the speed variation, (2) neither the time-scaling effect nor the symmetry of velocity profile in a strict sense was present, and (3) a faster speed induced a steeper rate (time-scaled) for the primary descending/ascending but a greater fraction of total time for accelerating phase where the velocity and acceleration are in the same direction. abs1999_00
The Effects of Speed Variation on Joint Kinematics ...
body landmarks using a four-camera opto-electronic movement analysis system. Joint angle profiles were derived from the measured locations of surface markers, based on a. 7-DOF biomechanical linkage model. These angle profiles were then mathematically characterized by four-parameter hyperbolic tangent functions ...
Design software (version 3.0) and typed using iPLEX⢠chemistry on .... Allelic transmissions were ana- .... less significant than for males' and females' data ana-.
Design software (version 3.0) and typed using iPLEX⢠chemistry on .... Spectrometer by MassARRAY Workstation software. (version ..... Kranzler, H. R. (2004).
Aug 19, 2003 - Custom software written in REALbasic (REAL Software, Inc.,. Austin, TX, USA) controlled both the presentation of stimuli and collection of data. A horizontal ..... Institutes of Child Health and Human Development). References.
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and the gear wheel when one pair is in contact. (iii) The ratio of the sliding to rolling motion at the beginning of engagement, at the pitch point and at the.
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Subject headings: infrared: solar system â Kuiper Belt, Oort Cloud. 1. INTRODUCTION ... heliocentric distances in the solar nebula. These distant objects.
For non-social categories (e.g., BIRD), participants were faster to classify typical instances than atypical .... testable propositions, both of which received support.
Page 1 of 4. ED â 825. III Semester B.E. (Mechanical Engg.) Degree Examination,. December 2014/January 2015. (2K6 Scheme). ME-305 : KINEMATICS OF ...
Sep 1, 2010 - Figure 5.4 Asset nets, types of assets compared across wealth percentile groups ..... Has JFM created sustainable forest governance institutions at the village level ... while Chapter 7 focuses on the impact on household livelihoods and
Sep 1, 2010 - completed this thesis without the support of a number of people. .... being established in 3.6 million ha of forest land and in 1,800 villages ...... In Maseyu village, 57% of the respondents had business income (Table A5.19,.
how the current account behaves after a country adopts inflation targeting. Moreover, I account for global shocks such as US growth rate, global real interest rate ...
Moreover, scenarios obtaining the MUD gain have been studied in ad hoc networks [13], in cognitive radio networks [14], and multi-cell downlink and uplink net-.
area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). With decreasing ..... balances errors of commission (Anderson et al., 2002); (11) LIVES: based on ...
Aug 17, 2011 - http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/early/2011/08/03/rsbl.2011.0645.full.html. This article cites 16 articles, 2 of which can be accessed ...
example in the United States, and in immersion programmes, as in Canada. We will concentrate here on the Canadian .... United States and found that students who were taught in their first language while receiving intensive instruction in English ....
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of ..... These lead to the decrease of SR in both of the two.
took place in December 1993 and data in the present study pertains to ... using a line-intercept method. ..... ous effect for seedlings being often light interception.