Pioneer Valley Regional School
High School Program of Studies 2017/2018
Cover Art by Pioneer 8th Grader Vivienne Potee Inside Cover Art Top by Pioneer 8th Grader Nina Bocko
Inside Cover Art Bottom by Pioneer 8th Grader Hayley Pelletier Inside Back Cover Art Top by Pioneer 8th grader Cecelia Wood Inside Back Cover Art Bottom by Pioneer 8th grader Sarah Johnson Back Cover Art by Pioneer 8th grader Quinn Grover
Pioneer Valley Regional School Mission The Pioneer community is committed to creating a learning environment that fosters universal respect, personal responsibility, and academic excellence. Pioneer recognizes that to meet the challenges of the 21st century we must critically and creatively engage in real world tasks, adapt to new situations and technologies, and collaboratively problem solve. By designing equal opportunities and multiple approaches to growth in a heterogeneous setting, we will facilitate the success of our students in a rapidly evolving, diverse global society.
The Pioneer Valley Regional School District does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, age, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, housing status, or disability in admission to, access to, employment in, or treatment in its programs and activities.
Table of Contents
Page Number
Introduction to the Program of Studies
1
College and Career Readiness
1
Using the Program of Studies to Plan your High School Experience
2
Graduation Requirements
3-4
Mass Core
5
Online Learning
5
Advanced Placement
5
Early College
6
Courses beyond PVRS
6
Individual Learning Opportunities Dual Enrollment Independent Study Mentoring Teaching Assistantships Work Study
7-8
Summary of PVRS Courses
9
Grade Conversion Chart
10
Honor Roll
10
Withdrawal from Courses
10
Career Pathways
11-14
Course Descriptions
Page Number
Business & Information Technology
15
Engineering
17
English and Language Arts
19
Family and Consumer Science
23
Fine Arts - Performing Arts
25
Fine Arts – Visual Arts
27
Health and Wellness
30
Mathematics
32
Science
36
Portfolio
30
Social Studies
40
World Languages
44
Introduction to the Program of Studies This Program of Studies is a listing of all courses that may be available during the academic year. Students and parents should use the information in this booklet to plan their high school careers. More detailed information can be obtained by speaking with your teachers, building administrators, or by contacting your School Counselor. This Program of Studies should be read by both students and parents. Pioneer teachers are encouraged to discuss with their students the content and potential of courses available within their academic departments. At this time, teachers should also make individual recommendations about subsequent courses. The purpose of course selection is to allow the administration to determine student interest in the courses offered. Since, as a rule, courses with few potential students will not be scheduled, it is important that all students give serious thought to their interests for next year. Course selection forms for students in Grade 8 through 11 are completed with the School Counselors in early spring. Selection verifications are then sent home with the student. Your student’s School Counselor may then meet with him/her to review choices and suggest alternative classes when necessary. Once course selections are complete, a master schedule of courses will be constructed with the intention to create a schedule for each student. Students may be consulted during this phase in an attempt to resolve emerging problems and conflicts. Usually, a tentative schedule is generated by the end of July. In the case of an oversubscribed course, preference will be given to upper-level students. PVRS is an untracked, heterogeneously grouped school for grades 7-12. All classes are designed to be for mixed ability groups, including Advanced Placement courses. Advanced Placement (AP) courses are at the introductory college level. We encourage all students to elect at least one AP course before they graduate to better prepare them to succeed in college.
College and Career Readiness Academic proficiency alone is no longer enough to prepare students for success in the 21st century economy. The Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education believes that ALL students should have access to a curriculum that integrates the knowledge, skills, and experiences necessary for career success, including foundational employability skills, the breadth of career opportunities available, and information about the preparation required for entry into various careers. Programs that combine career awareness, exploration, and immersion experiences, guided by a career planning process, allow students to gain a deeper understanding of the world of work and define their career choices.
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Using the Program of Studies to Plan Your High School Experience 1. Familiarize yourself with Graduation Requirements (pages 8-9), and the Mass Core requirements (page 10). We hope to update our graduation requirement this spring to align with Mass Core, to take effect for the class of 2021. This will help ensure that all our graduates are ready to pursue a four-year degree, whether they choose to do so right after graduation from high school or at some time in the future. Students in the classes of 2018 to 2020 are strongly encouraged to fulfill the Mass Core requirement along with the PVRS graduation requirements. 2. Consider your post-high school educational/career goals.
If you are thinking of going to college, consider taking at least one Advanced Placement (AP) course and one on-line course before you graduate. If you intend to pursue a four-year degree, plan to complete the Mass Core requirements. If you are thinking of attending a highly selective four-year college or university, take as many AP courses as possible. If you are thinking of attending a pre-professional program in college (e.g. engineering, pharmacy, nursing, accounting, etc.), be sure to take courses that reflect those interests. (See career cluster information in step 3 below.) If you are thinking of entering a technical training program or the workforce after high school, consider work study courses in your junior and/or senior year (page 12).
3. Consider your career interests.
Choose one or more Career Pathway (page 16) that closely relate to your interests, skills values and strengths. Consider the recommended courses for the Career Pathways that interest you.
4. Identify specific courses that relate to your educational goals and career interests that are appropriate to your next grade level, and complete the appropriate course selection form for your next grade level. Select courses and independent learning opportunities to ensure that you maintain your status as a full time student:
9th and 10th graders: minimum 6 courses per semester, plus one semester of PE 11th and 12th graders : minimum 5 courses per semester, plus on semester of PE
5. Review your course selection forms with your parents/guardians and/or your School Counselor to discuss your educational goals and career interests. If you are on a graduation track that is not typical (accelerated, behind on credits, non-traditional), be sure to consult with your School Counselor, or the Principal or Assistant Principal before entering your course choices onto your course selection form, or into the on-line registration system.
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Graduation Requirements The minimum amount of credit accepted for graduation is 118 credits. To be promoted to: Grade 10
29.5 credits
Grade 11
59.0 credits
Grade 12
88.5 credits
Specific subject area credits are required as part of the total credit requirement as indicated below. English (20 credits)
Mathematics (15 credits)
Must include:
Ten of the credits must include:
English 9A and 9B
Integrated Math II
English 10A and 10B
Integrated Math III
English 11A and 11B or AP Language & Composition
Additional credits may be selected from any Math Department course.
English 12A and 12B or AP Literature & Composition Health and Wellness (2½ credits)
Social Studies (15 credits)
Must be selected from the offerings of the Health and Wellness department which includes:
Must include:
Health and Human Relations Life Skills
World History A & B American Studies 1 A & B American Studies 2 A & B or AP US History.
Physical Education (8 credits)
Science (15 credits)
Must be taken and passed during one semester each year of attendance at Pioneer Valley Regional School unless excused by a physician or the principal.
10 of the credits must include: Ecology Biology
Electives (37 ½ credits) Any course beyond the required courses listed above, including Additional face-to-face, credits mayon-line, be selected and dual fromenrollment any science courses, can be taken for elective credit to count toward graduation. courses
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Requirements for a Diploma 1. A student who has not met the minimum subject area and credit requirements for a diploma shall not participate as a graduate in the graduation ceremony.
2. Each 9th & 10th grade student must enroll in a program equivalent to a course load of six full- time courses plus physical education (32 credits) each year.
3. Each 11th & 12th grade student must enroll in a program equivalent to a course load of five full-time courses plus physical education (27 credits) for the year including a minimum of three core academic subjects each semester. Only fulltime students are eligible for the Honor Roll, co-curricular activities, and Senior Privileges.
4. MCAS: to earn a diploma in the state of Massachusetts a student must demonstrate proficiency in Language Arts, Mathematics and Science as measured by the MCAS tests. For Language Arts and Math a student must: a) In English language arts a student must earn a score of 240 or earn a score of 220 and successfully complete an individualized “Educational Proficiency Plan.” b) In Science a student must earn a score of 220 or better. 5. Digital Portfolio: students will need to demonstrate proficiency of each of the school’s learning expectations as described in the Expectations for Building and Applying Lifelong Skills by completing and presenting a digital portfolio of work.
6. For the purposes of determining Valedictorian and Salutatorian, one extra grade point is awarded to the successful completion of each AP course
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Mass Core Mass Core is a suggested high school program of study recommended by the Massachusetts department of Education to ensure that all high school graduates are college and career ready. It aligns with the minimum admissions requirement of public colleges and universities in the state. At PVRS we are actively working to align our graduation requirement with Mass Core. We hope to have these in effect for the class of 2021. Mass Core Recommended course of study includes:
4 4 3 3 2 1 5
years of English years of mathematics years of lab science years of history/social studies years of a foreign language year of fine/performing arts (includes dance, music, theater and fine arts) additional courses in the subject areas listed above
More information Mass Core can be found at http://www.doe.mass.edu/ccr/masscore/qanda.pdf
Online Learning PVRS is now offering online learning opportunities to further prepare our students for college and career readiness, as online learning becomes more prevalent in the 21st Century in colleges, universities, and the work force. There are a wide variety of engaging and challenging courses available that expand our students’ curricular opportunities that a small school such as Pioneer cannot possibly offer its students. PVRS students may also utilize online learning for credit recovery purposes when applicable. In 2017-18 we will be using two online platforms: The Virtual High School and Edgenuity. See the On-line Learning Courses supplement to the Program of Studies for complete details.
Advanced Placement and Advanced Courses Advanced Placement (AP) courses are designed to provide high school students with the equivalent of a collegelevel course. A successful grade on the AP exam, given in May, can result in college credit for an introductory course and the opportunity to accelerate in that subject in one’s freshman year. (Check with your college for details.) AP courses are rigorous, covering more content at a faster pace than a typical high school course, and requiring deeper levels of analysis and thinking. ALL students are encouraged to take at least one AP course before graduating from Pioneer. Research shows that AP experiences in high school correlate with greater success in college. Students taking face-to-face AP courses with PVRS instructors may be expected to do some preparatory work in the preceding summer and to keep up with a fast-paced, comprehensive course of study. Online AP course follow the school year schedule only. Some advanced level PVRS courses are taught together with the AP courses. The AP curriculum is followed, but students selecting the advanced option are not required to take the AP exam, and receive 5 rather than 6 credits.
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Early Enrollment in College Qualified PVRS juniors and seniors may obtain non-matriculated, early entrant status at some Massachusetts colleges and universities. All costs for college courses will be the responsibility of the student and his/her family. In order to apply, the requisite GPA for juniors is 3.5 and 3.2 for seniors. Students must take the Accuplacer College placement test and place into 100 level or higher classes. Applications for the program must be made on an appropriate form, available in the School Counseling Office. The initial application process includes the school’s application accompanied by an essay and three recommendation forms from current teachers in math or science, English or social studies, and any other discipline. Each participating college has an application as well. Returning students must submit an application for each semester of study, but the essay, recommendation forms and college application will not be required. Once in the program, the student must maintain a 3.0 cumulative average with no grade less than a C. The PVRS School Counseling Office will check to see that this condition is met after grades are released each semester. Students not fulfilling this requirement will need to schedule a meeting and may be dropped from college enrollment and need to return to full-time classes at PVRS.
Students in the Dual Enrollment Program will have the ability to be elected to leadership positions in the school provided they are able to fulfill the requirements called for by the position, including attendance at all meetings. Students will be eligible to participate in all extracurricular activities.
Courses Beyond PVRS Offerings
A. To receive credit for courses taken at schools or colleges other than Pioneer Valley Regional School the following conditions must exist: 1. The institution must be accredited by the recognized regional accrediting agency. 2. The institution itself must award the credit or the course. The credit should be plainly evident in the formal course description and apparent on an official transcript of the course. 3. The student must arrange for an official transcript of the student’s course participation, including the grade awarded and credit, to be forwarded to the Pioneer Valley Regional School Counseling Office. A who is dual must passalltwelve academic credits plus alternatives P.E. each semester. B. student PVRS students whoenrolled have completed PVRS (12) courses and designated in specific discipline may request approval to take advanced courses at an accredited, prior-approved institution. An individual student request should be submitted to the administration for approval. 1. 2. 3. 4.
All costs including tuition, text, transportation and fees are the responsibility of parent or student. Complete application process. Alternative course work must fit with the student’s regular school schedule. All off-site course work will be evaluated by designated school officials and provided credit in accord with known PVRS policy and regulations. 5. Pioneer Valley Regional School reserves the right to deny requests, suggest alternative courses and sites, and to create a schedule in the best interest of the school.
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Individualized Learning Opportunities The following options are opportunities to individualize your learning experience here at Pioneer. These choices are available to students who are enrolled in all of the grade level expected requirements for high school graduation and are in good academic standing. The credit awarded will be comparable to that awarded for general classes and in accord with equivalent academic merit. Typically, only one Individualized Study Project may be pursued during each semester for any one student. Dual Enrollment Articulation agreements are agreements between PVRS and GCC (and other community colleges), which grant college credit for specific courses or course sequences taken in high school when certain competencies are achieved. PVRS and Greenfield Community College have articulated agreements in the following courses: Accounting and Engineering Design. (Additional articulation agreements will be explored on an ongoing basis.) In order to qualify, a student enrolls in the designated PVRS course. Independent Study Students desiring to engage in Independent Study for credit should consult with his or her School Counselor. An application form may be obtained in the School Office. Typically, the student will discuss possible advisors for the project with the School Counselor. It is the student’s responsibility to complete the entire paperwork and course proposal. The project will be initiated and approved during the regular add/drop period, so advance planning is highly recommended. It is the student's responsibility to approach a faculty member to initiate a request and establish a plan for the independent study. The plan will state the length of time it will take to complete the project, the projected amount of credit expected, the exact nature of the work planned (reading, projects, etc.) the necessary due dates, and the method of evaluation. It will be the responsibility of the supporting teacher to evaluate the student; however, s/he may wish to consult with other staff members when portions of the topic are out of his or her specific field of knowledge. Mentorship This opportunity provides High School students with the opportunity to support Middle School students in developing academic and personal/social success skills. The mentor (High School student) and mentee (Middle School student) will meet once or twice during the week as part of a structured study hall time where the mentee will be taught academic and personal/social success skills. The role of the mentor will be to develop a strong relationship with their mentee, reinforce these success skills (including staying organized and asking teachers for help/reminders of school work that needs to get done), and help their mentee with academic work. Mentor students must be willing to give up their study hall time to participate for the entire semester, or more ideally, both semesters. Mentorship forms are available in the Main Office and scheduling of the mentorship will be done through the Principal.
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Teaching Assistant Juniors and seniors have the opportunity to participate in a teaching assistantship to support a teacher with the instructional responsibilities for a course. These responsibilities include supporting struggling student’s understanding of the course material, taking attendance, passing out and collecting materials, managing small group work and/or labs, and helping with behavior management in the course. Teaching Assistantship forms are available in the School Office and the supervising teacher will be responsible for clarifying the class responsibilities for the teaching assistant on the form. Work Study Program Work Study is arranged through an agreement between the school and an employer/supervisor to provide instruction and work experiences that are in accordance with a student’s career needs and not reasonably obtainable within the school program. Credit is awarded based on the time commitment, depth of expected learning and other considerations. This may not be in place of required courses, but can count toward elective credits The School will oversee the program and award a grade. Students may or may not be paid. Work-Study Program Procedure:
1. The student is to be enrolled in all appropriate required courses. 2. The student initiates the request for work- study with the School Counselor who will advise the student about the procedures and will supervise the approval process. 3. Arrangements for transportation to and from the work-study experience are the responsibility of the student and the parent must approve these arrangements. 4. Excessive absences and/or tardiness from school or work could result in the student’s discontinuance in the program. 5. Since work-study is a privilege, any violation of the above procedures, any situation whereby the student does not make satisfactory effort or progress, or any situation whereby the student’s other school work or behavior is adversely affected due to work study may result in suspension of work-study privileges. 6. The work-study program will be an individualized study project and will follow all the rules of an individualized study project. 7. Work-study credits will be a maximum of five per semester for any student in the course of acquiring credits for graduation. 8. In the employment component, there are 3 requirements: a) A direct supervisor responsible for the student. b) Set hours for the job originating from a pre-set schedule. c)
c)
A log of days worked, description of work done and things learned kept by the student.
T
d) A written component directly related to the employment component. 9. The grade received will be P/F.
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Summary of In-Person Courses The following courses will be offered in 2017-18 by PVRS faculty. Full Year courses are taken both semesters; 5 credits for 5-block classes. Semester courses; 2½ credits for 5 block classes. 1.5 credits for 3 block classes. 1 credit for 2 block classes. Quarter courses; 1 ¼ credits. AP classes earn 6 credits per semester.
Business & Computer Technology
Fine Arts-Performing Arts
Portfolio
Semester courses: Accounting Fundamentals A Accounting Fundamentals B Advanced Accounting A Advanced Accounting B Full year courses: Personal Money Management Exploring Computer Science AP Computer Science Principles
Semester courses: High School Chorus (1.5 credit) Rock Music A & B Music Theory (1 credit) Piano A & B (1 credit) Full year courses: High School Concert Band Advanced Voice
Quarter courses: Portfolio 11 (quarter 4) Portfolio 12 (quarter 3)
Fine Arts-Visual Arts Engineering Semester courses: Engineering Drawing Engineering Design Materials Technology A & B Advanced Materials Technology A & B Full year courses: Architecture Design English Semester courses: English 9A English 9B English 10A English 10B English 11A English 11B English 12A English 12B Journalism Full year courses: AP Language & Composition AP English Literature & Composition Family & Consumer Science (FACS) Semester Courses: Nutrition and Foods Advanced Nutrition Intercultural Foods
Semester courses: Art Foundations A & B Advanced Art A & B Advanced Art II A & B Ceramics I Ceramics II Photography I Photography II Health and Wellness Semester courses: PE – Sports PE – Dance PE – Conditioning PE – Adventure Health and Human Relations Sports Nutrition and Conditioning Life Skills Mathematics Semester courses: Exploring Functions Mathematical Modeling Pre-Calculus A & B Calculus A & B Elementary Statistics A & B Discrete Mathematics and Statistics A & B Fundamentals of Math Full year courses: Integrated Mathematics 2 Integrated Mathematics 3 AP Calculus
Science Semester courses: Environmental Science A & B Full year courses: Ecology Biology Chemistry Anatomy & Physiology Physics Advanced Chemistry AP Chemistry AP Environmental Science Social Studies Semester courses: World History A World History B American Studies 1 A American Studies 1 B American Studies 2 A American Studies 2 B Civil Liberties / You and the Law Psychology Sociology Full year courses: AP United States History World Languages Full year courses French I French II French III French IV French V Spanish I Spanish II Spanish III Spanish IV Spanish V
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Grade Conversion Chart Numerical Range Above Expectations 93 – 100 90 – 92 87 – 89 83 – 86 80 – 82 77 – 79 73 – 76 70 – 72 67 – 69 63 – 66 60 – 62 PASSING 00 – 59 FAILING
Letter Grade A+ A AB+ B BC+ C CD+ D DF
GPA 4.00 ( at Teacher Discretion) 4.00 3.67 3.33 3.00 2.67 2.33 2.00 1.67 1.33 1.00 0.67 0.00
Honor Roll Selection Criteria Only full-time students with a grade point average of 3.0 or better and no grades less than C- are eligible to be listed on the honor roll. Full-time status is defined as having a program equivalent to five regular classes per day, plus physical education. All courses in a student’s schedule will be included.
Withdrawal From a Course A student who withdraws from a course within the first 5 days will not have a grade recorded for that course. After 5 school days, a student must gain the Principal’s permission to withdraw from a course. (Acceptable reasons for withdrawal may include course work beyond the skill or ability of students; need for student to devote more attention to other subjects, course load in excess of minimum required credits (9 th/10th grade: 32 credits and 11th/12th grade: 27 credits) or other reasons as determined by the administration). Once the Principal’s permission has been obtained, a grade of “W” “W/P”, or “W/F” will be recorded, depending on the academic standing in that class at the time of withdrawal. The teacher will submit the mark to be assigned, stating the reason(s) for it, and any other information for review by the Principal. A “W” indicates that the student withdrew from the course before a grade was assigned in the course. A grade of “W/P” indicates that the student was passing the course at the time of withdrawal. A grade of “W/F” indicates that the student was failing the course at the time of withdrawal. A W/F affects a student’s eligibility and may be given at any time during the year. In all cases of withdrawal from a course, the teacher will submit the mark to be assigned stating the reason(s) for it and any other information for review by the Principal. The channels in the decision-making will be teacher – School Counselor – Principal. The Principal will make a final decision.
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Career Clusters A career cluster is a group of jobs and industries that are related by skills or products. Within each cluster, there are career “pathways” that correspond to a collection of courses and training opportunities to prepare you for a given career. The 16 clusters were established at the national level by the States' Career Clusters Initiative and are recognizable across the United States in middle schools, high schools, community and technical colleges, and the workforce. At PVRS we group these 16 clusters into six pathways that can help students select courses that will address some of the content and skills that would be used in the associated careers.
Career Pathway
Cluster(s) Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources
Agribusiness Systems Animal Systems Environmental Service Systems Food Products and Processing Systems Natural Resources Systems Plant Systems Power, Structural and Technical Systems
Human Services
Consumer Services Counseling and Mental Health Services Early Childhood Development and Services Family and Community Services Personal Care Services Administration and Administrative Support Professional Support Services Teaching and Training Foreign Service Governance National Security Planning Public Management and Administration
Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources
Education and Training
Human Services
Fields
Government and Public Administration
Public Safety, Corrections, and Security
Correction Services Emergency and Fire Management Services Law Enforcement Services Legal Services Security and Protective Services
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Career Pathway
Business, Management, and Administration
Cluster(s)
Example Fields
Business, Management, and Administration
Administrative Support Business Information Management General Management Human Resources Management Operations Management
Finance
Accounting Banking Services Business Finance Insurance Securities and Investments
Hospitality and Tourism
Lodging Recreation, Amusements and Attractions Restaurants and Food and Beverage Services Travel and Tourism
Marketing
Marketing Communications Marketing Management Market Research Merchandising Professional Sales
Health Science
Biotechnology Research and Development Diagnostic Services Health Informatics Support Services Therapeutic Services
Arts, Audio/Video Technology, and Communications
Audio and Video Technology and Film Journalism and Broadcasting Performing Arts Printing Technology Telecommunications Visual Arts
Information Technology
Information Support and Services Network Systems Programming and Software Development Communication Law
Health Science
Arts, Communication & Information Technology
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Career Pathway
Cluster(s)
Example Fields
Architecture and Construction Manufacturing
Engineering, Manufacturing & Technology
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Transportation, Distribution, and Logistics
Construction Design and Pre-Construction Maintenance and Operations Health, Safety and Environmental Assurance Logistics and Inventory Control Maintenance, Installation and Repair Manufacturing Production Process Development Production Quality Assurance Engineering and Technology Science and Mathematics Facility and Mobile Equipment Maintenance Health, Safety and Environmental Management Logistics Planning and Management Services Sales and Service Transportation Operations Transportation Systems/Infrastructure Planning, Management and Regulation Revenue and Taxation
Electives by Career Pathway In choosing your electives, you should consider career pathways that interest you. Early exposure to the content and skills typical of different career pathways can help you make more informed decisions about the educational and career decisions you will make upon graduation. Career Pathway Agriculture, Foods and Natural Resources
Arts, Communication and Information Technology
Face-to-Face Electives Chemistry AP Chemistry Environmental Science AP Environmental Science Nutrition & Foods Advanced Nutrition Intercultural Foods Art Foundations A/B Advance Art 1 A/B Advanced Art 2 A/B Ceramics 1,2 Photography 1,2,3 High School Band High School Chorus Advanced Voice Music Theory Rock Music A/B Piano Exploring Computer Science AP Computer Science Principles
Online Electives Engineering for Sustainable Energy Oceanography Meteorology Climate Science Pre-veterinary Medicine Latin Art History or AP Art History AP Music Theory Art of the Caribbean Art History & American Identity History of Photography Music Listening and Critique Music: Fundamentals of Composition AP Computer Science Java Programming Programming in Visual Basic Video Game Design Web Design Chinese
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Career Pathway
Business Management & Administration
Engineering, Manufacturing & Technology
Health Science
Human Services
Journalism Spanish/French Face-to-Face Electives Accounting A/B Advanced Accounting A/B Personal Money Management Elementary Statistics A/B Pre-calculus A/B Calculus A/B or AP Calculus Nutrition & Foods Advanced Nutrition Intercultural Foods Spanish French Engineering Drawing Engineering Design A/B Material Technology A/B Advanced Material Technology A/B Architecture Design Pre-calculus A/B Calculus A/B or AP Calculus Discrete Mathematics & Statistics Physics Chemistry AP Chemistry Anatomy & Physiology
Civil Liberties Psychology Sociology Teaching Assistantship Mentoring Spanish French
German VHS Language Arts Electives (15 options) Online Electives Business & Personal Law Entrepreneurship International Business Investing in the Stock market Marketing and the Internet Chinese German
AP Physics 1 AP Physics C
Latin AP Biology Biochemistry Biotechnology Epidemics Genes and Disease Medical Termini=ology Nursing Assistant Pharmacy Technician Economics or AP Economics AP European History AP US Government & Politics Constitutional Law Criminology Psychology of Crime Sports & Society Peacemaking Practical Law Forensic Science Kindergarten Apprentice Teacher Chinese German
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HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM AND COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
BUSINESS AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY The Business and Computer Technology program provides theory and hands-on training in major office systems, webpage design, and technology used to enhance productivity and communications. Students are prepared, through extensive coursework, with the necessary skills and knowledge for initial employment in the field of business.
Accounting Fundamentals A (#500) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grade 10-12 Prerequisite: In addition to learning the fundamental procedures of accounting for a single-owner service business, you will learn practical record-keeping procedures relating to your personal financial life. This course will improve your organizational as well as math and problem-solving skills. Accounting Fundamentals B (#501) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grade 10-12 Prerequisite: Accounting Fundamentals A This course expands on the fundamentals learned in Accounting Fundamentals A and will advance to the concepts and procedures for retail partnership record-keeping involving credit buying and selling. Students will be able to analyze and record data using both manual and electronic methods of accounting. During the last six weeks, all accounting knowledge learned during semesters 1 and 2 will be applied to a project which involves journals, checkbook, computing weekly payroll, and preparing financial statements for a (partnership) business.
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Advanced Accounting A (#502) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / semester course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite: Accounting Fundamentals A & B This advanced course is for students who plan to continue their education in accounting or business administration or who want to own their own business. It is a continuation of Accounting Fundamentals A and B and covers advanced accounting procedures for corporations. In addition to manual accounting, you will become very competent in your spreadsheet and accounting software. A workbook with accounting forms, as well as a month-long accounting project will be completed. Advanced Accounting B (#503) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / semester course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite: Advanced Accounting A Note: This course articulates with ACC 121 (4 credits) at Greenfield Community College. Students must receive a final grade of B- and pass the ACC 121 final exam. This is an expansion on the principles learned in Advanced Accounting A. Students will be encouraged to progress at their own pace. Computerized accounting procedures are utilized and students will be required to complete a corporate accounting simulation. Exploring Computer Science (#526) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: This course presents students with the conceptual underpinnings of computer science through an exploration of human computer interaction, web design, computer programming, data modeling, and robotics. While these courses include programming, the focus is on the computational practices associated with doing computer science, rather than just a narrow focus on coding, syntax, or tools. Exploring Computer Science course teach students the computational practices of algorithm design, problem solving, and programming within a context that is relevant to their lives. Personal Money Management (#523) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / full year course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite: Are you ready to take control of your financial future? Financial literacy is an essential life skill for the 21st century. This is especially important because you will have more financial choices, opportunities and yes, challenges, than many previous generations. This course will “educate high school students about sound money management skills and the financial planning process and help teens begin to develop positive behaviors that are necessary to attaining financial maturity and achieving a secure future.” (National Endowment for Financial Education®) Examples of Units: Financial Planning & Goal Setting-Earning Income & Career Choices-Budgeting & Informed Spending Decisions-Banking Options-Establishing & Using Credit Wisely-Insurance, Preventing Identity Theft & Saving-Investing & Planning for Retirement.
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AP Computer Science Principles (#527) Credits/Duration: 6 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Integrated Math II. Exploring Computer Science suggested but not required. This course is the equivalent of the first semester of an introductory college level computer science course. By developing apps for Android devices with an app developer created by MIT, students will explore the application for computational thinking to real-life problems in computer programming including creating graphics, managing data, and communication over the internet. Computational thinking has applications in a wide range of other disciplines beyond computer science. This course was specially designed to be accessible and relevant to a wide range of students with broad interested in analysis, logical thinking, and problem solving.
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ENGINEERING Engineering is the application of mathematics and scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge in order to invent, innovate, design, build, maintain, research, and improve structures, machines, tools, systems, components, materials, processes, solutions, and organizations. The discipline of engineering is extremely broad and encompasses a range of more specialized fields of engineering, each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas of applied science, technology and types of application. Engineering Drawing (#703) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, & 12 Prerequisite: Fulfills graduation requirement: Fulfills State University Admissions Requirement: This is the first course in the technology engineering program and is designed to introduce the student to the basic principles of technical design. This course is recommended for students interested in pursuing study in the field of science, engineering or any of the skilled trades where print reading is essential. Students will learn to read, interpret, and reproduce a variety of drawing types such as one and two point, oblique and isometric perspectives, orthographic, three view and sectional. Students will begin with freehand sketching and then to instrument drawing using the compass and triangle, and then on to computer aided drawing (CAD). Another focus is technical literacy where students will learn the vocabulary of technical drawings. Engineering Design (#705) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 10, 11, & 12 Prerequisite: Open to students who have successfully completed Engineering Drawing with a C+ or better This is the second course in the engineering prep program and will continue to use sketching and CAD to develop ideas in addition to a text. The focus will be the study of technological design and application. We will study topics including forms and sources of energy, the development of machines, and the effect of technology on the environment and society. Using the design cycle, students will build scale models of their own designs and work in a lab setting to construct prototypes.
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Architecture Design (#710) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Prerequisite: Open to students who have successfully completed Engineering Drawing with a C+ or better This course is intended for advanced students who have an interest in pursuing architecture/interior design, or the building trades. In this class, students will learn how to design a home from start to finish. Emphasis will be placed on materials, green design and sustainability, as well as, a survey of the history of architecture. Students will work with a text book as well as from other sources to cover all aspects of building including foundations, framing roof design and landscaping. An emphasis will be placed on building scale models and communication with real world experts. Materials Technology: A & B (#701, #702) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Prerequisite: This course is intended for students interested in learning how to work with tools, machines, and materials. A main focus of this course will be learning the process of design and manufacture of products. Students will learn the safe use of tools and machines as well as how to maintain a safe workplace and working with others in collaborative projects. Topics will include woodworking techniques including planing, joining, milling and lathe turning and metal working processes including drilling, tapping, forming, molding and casting. Advanced Materials Technology A & B (#708, #709) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to students who have successfully completed Engineering Drawing, Materials Technology A & B or with permission of the instructor. This course in designed for the advanced student interested in pursuing a career in woodworking and building construction. Students will learn how homes are built from foundations to rafter design. Projects may include the building of small out-buildings. Students will also study advanced techniques in wood, metals, and plastics such as joinery, cabinet-making, and inlay, as well as developing creative solutions to everyday problems. A focus will be on efficient design of large scale projects such as furniture, project management, and cost analysis.
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ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS Thematic units that have been the mainstay of the English curriculum have been incorporated into grade level English programs to provide a sequential development of skills. This approach ensures that all students at a grade level will be exposed to the same reading, writing and language skills and encourages proficiency for all students. Elective programs continue to offer a challenge for students who feel they want to expand their proficiency beyond their grade level courses. All courses follow the State’s English Frameworks. Students must be enrolled in the English course or equivalent designed for their grade level. Students may choose to participate in an elective designed for their grade in addition to their grade level studies, but may not take an elective in lieu of their regular English course. Electives are meant to provide a challenging program for interested students and, therefore, unlike the regular grade level courses, will not provide remediation. All grade level courses are designed as year-long courses. Two and one-half credits will be awarded each semester. Students who fail a grade level course or semester will be required to repeat the course or semester that they failed. English 9A & English 9B (#003, #004) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits /semester Open to: Grade 9 Prerequisite: Graduation Requirement Grade 9 English is designed to challenge students to investigate a broad range of literacy skills. Multiple opportunities are embedded in the curriculum for students to develop their language and literacy skills in the analysis of complex texts, oral and written communication skills, and the use of technology for the production and distribution of writing. Students will explore and examine a wide range of literacy genres towards cultivating the development of three key writing capacities: writing to explain, to persuade, and to convey real or imagined experiences or events. Student communication skills and language usage are further developed through the study of vocabulary, spelling, grammar and word usage. Various literary genres are introduced to develop an increased understanding of genre specific characteristics and purposes, in addition to the choices authors make in a text. Select novels are read throughout the year to cultivate critical and creative thinking skills toward developing competency in text analysis, vocabulary acquisition, and toward an awareness of, and an appreciation for, other perspectives and cultures. Research projects allow students to problem solve; narrow or broaden an inquiry; and synthesize multiple sources on a topic. Through the responsible use of outside sources – both print and digital – students assess the usefulness of the sources selected toward answering the research question. The ethical use of technology, for research projects, is reinforced and developed as a means to produce and publish original products.
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English 10A & English 10B (#005, #006) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits /semester Open to: Grade 10 5 blocks per week Prerequisite: In Grade 10 English students will experience various genres and analyze literary pieces such as novels, drama and poetry. MCAS preparation will also be a focus of the second semester. Student writing will focus on the expository essay, literary analysis and open response. Expanding vocabulary, developing reading strategies and comprehension, reviewing literary terms and techniques, and practicing writing skills are critical components of the course as students prepare for the MCAS test in the Spring semester. English 11 A & B (#007, #008) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits/semester Open to: Grade 11 Prerequisite: English 11 is a two-semester course designed to use and improve students’ reading, critical thinking and writing. This course explores representative forms of both World and Modern American literature. As part of this study, students will be expected to develop an awareness of the historical, philosophical, and cultural aspects of each period. Emphasis will be placed on the writer as social commentator and on the cultural context of literature. Students will learn to practice and expand critical reading skills as well as analyze and synthesize literary works and express a personal interpretation and understanding. Other objectives for this course are to recognize structure/genre and appropriately apply the terminology used for literary classification and criticism as well as recognizing the literary devices used to develop literary style. Students will expand reading vocabulary as part of critical reading skills and develop, practice and expand individual and analytical writing styles used in both formal and informal approaches to writing. Other skills learned in this class will be to evaluate and edit written work and to develop an attitude of self-direction, critical thinking and active involvement in learning as part of a lifetime process English 12 A & B (#009, #010) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits /semester Open to: Grade 12 Prerequisite: Note: Twelfth grade English will be challenging and thought provoking, but most importantly it will encourage students to be self-motivated, thoughtful, and actively involved in the learning process as a step towards a lifetime of discovery. Twelfth grade English will continue to build on previous objectives taught in grades 7-11 while studying more challenging materials necessary for a solid cultural and literary background. Students will develop an awareness of historical, philosophical and social practices from each literary movement by reading, synthesizing, interpreting, classifying, and evaluating. Other objectives for this course include the ability to recognize structure/genre, applying terminology used for literary classification and criticism as well as recognizing the literary devices used to develop literary style. Students will continue to develop and expand a reading vocabulary as part of critical reading skills. Structures of writing will include the informal essay, literary analysis, literary critique, and formal research papers.
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Advanced Placement English Literature and Composition (#019) Credits/Duration: 6 credits/year long course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite: Note: Suggested Skills: Reading and writing above grade level, excellent vocabulary, and time readily available for homework. Students must meet with the Advanced Placement instructor before the end of their junior year to review requirements and summer work. Failure to complete the summer assignments will mean exclusion from the class. Advanced Placement English Literature and Composition is a yearlong class that is, in essence, a college level English class offered on a high school campus. The reading and writing experiences will be similar to those commonly found in Freshman English classes at colleges and universities. Students are expected to take the Advanced Placement Literature and Composition test given under the auspices of the College Board. Student scores will be reported to colleges and units of credit given based on the policy at the individual college. This course, approved by the College Board, will prepare students to read text analytically and see the relationship between form and content. Students will complete close reading of a specific text selection identifying diction, syntax, tone, figurative language, satire, irony, style, denotative and connotative meaning. Students will demonstrate the ability to respond directly and efficiently to questions that require a timed essay, quick and clear organization, a focus on major points that provide a competent response to the question as asked, and full development of each major point. Students enrolled are expected to make a commitment to a rigorous curriculum of literary analysis and composition and must prioritize their lives in order to be successful. Advanced Placement Language & Composition (#024) Credits/Duration: 6 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite: What does it mean to live a literate life? What is the connection between language, the individual, citizens, and power? This course invites students to explore the landscape of the English language as they explore the landscape of American culture, to understand and to enter the great conversation about life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Each quarter of AP Language and Composition is comprised of an overarching unit focusing on language - as well as sub-units that run parallel to, and in support of, this quarter-length work. The table of contents on the following page is an overview of how each quarter is layered. Please refer to the remainder of the document for standards, notes/resources, common assessments, and targeted academic language. In this course, students will acquire a foundation of knowledge essential to the study of the English language and the American culture it shapes and serves. Throughout the year, students will converse with texts that span multiple disciplines, genres, and rhetorical contexts. Students will work to become highly skilled readers of a variety of predominantly nonfiction texts and graphic/visual images. Their reading will be the basis for the writing of analytical, argumentative, and reflective compositions. Students will also write informally to explore new information and ideas and to take risks in their writing. Students will conduct independent research on topics of their choosing and learn to synthesize a variety of sources into their writing. This course overview is based on goals outlined in the AP English Language and Composition Course Description published by the College Board in 2014. Student learning goals for individual units will be added and revised as needed.
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Journalism (#026) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite: This one-semester elective course will provide students an introduction to the history of journalism, a forum for critiquing global media trends and content, a discussion of ethics and law, and an opportunity to learn about and practice the habits that serve as the foundation of responsible reporting and storytelling. As a project-based course, a love of writing, reading, sense of infinite curiosity, and willingness to stretch your comfort zone will be essential as the classroom evolves into a newsroom.
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FAMILY AND CONSUMER SCIENCE Food is big business! One third of American meals come from fast food and other meals eaten away from home, and many home meals come from convenience and processed foods. Many of today’s health problems relate to the food we eat. Meals made from whole unprocessed foods can improve or maintain good health. As an introduction to the Nutrition & Foods Program at PVRS, this course blends the scientific knowledge of nutrition with practical application of preparing tasty nutritious foods. We explore how nutrition affects health and how the body uses nutrients. In the food lab, we learn skills for planning and preparing nutrient-rich foods using basic safe food-handling practices. This setting also provides opportunities to learn skills and gain experience in teamwork and time management.
Nutrition and Foods (#804) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits /semester Open to: Grade 9, 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Note: Course activities include cooperative classroom work, journaling, quizzes, and small group learning activities, culinary labs emphasizing teamwork and collaboration, and a final exam that includes a cooking component. Students gain confidence and experience in basic cooking and baking techniques and learning how to research and follow recipes. topics involve science and psychology, including factors affecting food preferences, basic nutrient function and sources, decoding nutrition labels and My Plate, and weight management, disorders, fueling activity, and safety & sanitation. can explore design and innovation within the weekly food themes as well as designing and constructing a gingerbread house/structure.
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Advanced Nutrition (#808) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits /semester Open to: Grades 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Successful completion of Nutrition and Foods Note: Course activities include cooperative classroom work, journaling and written assignments, small group learning activities, culinary labs emphasizing teamwork and collaboration, and a final exam that includes a cooking component. Are you interested in a nutrition and/or food-related career? Nutrition builds upon the basic knowledge and skills learned in Nutrition and Foods by exploring a deeper understanding of nutrition science as well as development of more advanced recipes and techniques. completion of this course may contribute to the skills needed for related part-time or full-time employment. course of a meal, from the appetizer to the dessert and beverage is studied. develop organizational skills in managing time, money and energy. create nutritious meals that look and taste good. Nutrition and health topics include using the Super Tracker website on My Plate to track and evaluate nutrient quality and set goals for personal eating habits. are made between foods and preparation needed to manage and/or prevent major health issues such as diabetes and heart disease. Students learn about vegetarian preferences and recipes, along with how to maximize nutrients at risk such as calcium and iron. Intercultural Foods (#805) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits /semester Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Note: Course activities include cooperative classroom work, journaling and written assignments, small group learning activities, culinary labs emphasizing teamwork and collaboration, and a final exam that includes a cooking component. Every day we experience foods from our own and other cultures. about some of your favorite foods, from pasta to quesadillas, egg rolls to New England clam chowder. food choices are often shaped by family and cultural traditions along with a number of other influences. Intercultural Foods studies the culture and cuisine of regions in the US and around the world. begin to grow in cultural diversity through the knowledge that food is an element that can connect us all through understanding and appreciating similarities and differences. will discover the influence of elements within each culture, such as geography, climate, economy, traditions and history and will prepare foods representing each culture studied. addition to regions around the United States, we will travel, in the culinary sense, to Mexico, Italy, China and Japan. part of the final exam, students will research a country or region not previously studied, and present their findings along with a prepared dish from that culture.
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FINE ARTS-THE PERFORMING ARTS In music, band, chorus and theatre, students will express ideas and emotions that they cannot express in language alone. The following performing arts classes are a door to this understanding and a way for students to explore the world with the expressive nature of the arts! Many of these classes begin with the fundamentals of performing weather it is on an instrument or acting on a stage. Much time is spent developing skills and building confidence through varied rehearsal and performance situations. Students should be prepared for a challenge and to work hard. The result of this hard work is something you will cherish for the rest of your life. High School Chorus A & B (#648) (#649) Credits/Duration: 1.5 credits Semester course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, & 12 Prerequisites: The High School Chorus focuses on choral musicians’ skills such as pitch, rhythm, tone and blending. The chorus is a performing ensemble, which requires members to be present for all scheduled concerts (in concert attire) at school and in the community. In addition to the holiday, winter, and spring concert, we host Calliope Café for the school community, do several fundraising activities and take an occasional field trip. Previous singing experience is not needed. Rock Music A & B (#653) (#654) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: grade 9, 10, 11 and 12 Prerequisites: Note: No prior music knowledge is required to enroll in this course. Semester can be taken independently. This course covers popular music from the blues to the early roots of rock & roll in the 1950s up through today’s rock stylings with groups like Coldplay and Kings of Leon. Through class discussions, reading, music listening, and film the class will explore this vibrant music. Major contributors and practitioners of rock music will be examined. Emphasis will be placed on the development of the music as it evolved from the blues and dance bands of the fifties to present day rock artists. Students will explore the music industry that was created due to the successes of this music. Students will be able to describe the musical elements that are essential for each of the sub genres of rock discussed, using the language of musicians.
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Music Theory (#622) Credits/Duration: Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, & 12 Prerequisites: You do not need prior musical skills to take this class, or even play an instrument. All students interested are welcome. Members of the class will develop basic reading, writing, and listening skills. Students will learn the mechanics of musical composition and practice these skills through written and oral exercises. Some basic skills which will be covered include: reading treble and bass clefs, reading rhythm patterns, determining keys (major and minor), intervals, simple voice leading rules, chord structure and analysis. Lastly, we will interpret musical forms including Bach chorales and the blues. Advanced Voice (#651) Credits/Duration: 2 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, & 12 Prerequisites: 2-3 years of Chorus experience required Advanced Voice is a class that will provide vocal musicians the training and tools needed to succeed in the professional music industry. Students will participate in group performances within the ensemble, both inside and outside of the school. They will also set personal goals and be mentored and graded on their efforts to achieve them. In addition to singing materials, the students will receive instruction around music theory relevant to the vocalist. Students will also be given more in-depth sight reading and ear training lessons. Piano A & B (#670) (#671)) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11 & 12 Prerequisites: Note: Piano and Song Writing A is in the Fall and Piano and Song Writing B takes place in the spring. In this course, students will learn how to easily identify names of and relationships between notes and navigate around the keyboard with a beginner to intermediate facility. The course will foster keyboard improvisation in a variety of styles, such as a 12-bar blues, background music, modern, classical and pop. Students will learn keyboard note names, improvisation, arranging music, and using music software to notate music. The course also will require students to work in a small ensemble on a group song-writing project that incorporates other instructions. High School Concert Band A & B (#634) (#635) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits/ Full year course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11 & 12 Prerequisites: Members of this ensemble will prepare repertoire from varied styles of music to be performed at concerts and performances which include: Holiday Concert, Winter Concert, Pop’s Concert, Spring Band Trip Competition, and Graduation Ceremonies. In addition to these concert band performances, members will be in the PVRS Marching Band which will perform for the Big E Parade, Homecoming Parade, Franklin County Parade, Orange Harvest Parade and Memorial Day Parades. Attendance to all performances and rehearsals are mandatory for this course. Students must be able to play all Western District Level Scales and be able to prepare annual solo works for seating auditions in the ensemble. All levels of ability are welcome.
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FINE ARTS-THE VISUAL ARTS Art making is an inherent and unique human expression. It is a formative and influential part and reflection of our culture and societies. Art drives our visual world and in this age of technology, images and the making of them continues to be an even more constant presence in our lives. Come explore the world of painting, drawing, collage, photography, technology and mixed-media course offerings in Visual Arts department. Our department offers a wealth of opportunity to explore different materials and techniques. Classes are designed to enhance your art-making skills and give you a better understanding of, and appreciation for the visual world around you. Art Foundations A (#630) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Art Foundations A is a skills based art class. This course explores a broad range of materials ranging from drawing and painting to clay, printmaking techniques, scratchboard, plaster craft and digital media. Students will be introduced to the fundamental manipulative and observational skills that are necessary to create a piece of art. The elements of art and principles of design are consistently addressed and become a pivotal component of each assignment. Art Exploration A focuses upon two dimensional studies in both wet and dry media, as well as introduces 3 dimensional media content studies in art history and culture. Art Foundations B (#631) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Art Foundations B builds upon the skills developed in Art Foundations A. A continuation to the introduction to various types of art media, materials and the creation of works in both two and three dimensions drive our project making. Creation of balanced, thoughtful compositions is another important goal in this class. Students will use drafts and revisions, guided by peer and self-assessments, to complete work using quality craftsmanship. Artistic literacy and the place of art in our society and culture are also a major focus in this class.
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Advanced Art I A & B (#601, #602) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 10, 11 & 12 Prerequisite: Art Foundations A and/or B, or permission of instructor. Advanced Art I is designed to further develop skills and conceptual thinking for learners interested in delving deeper into the world of Art. Stimulating students' self-expression and their creation of original ideas, opinions and concepts are a primary focus in this course. Purposeful use of media and techniques will foster visual communication and an understanding of how Art influences and reflects our societies. A wide variety of 2- and 3dimensional media is explored. Students are expected to push the boundaries of their abilities and the media used, while creating skillfully crafted, meaningful work. Advanced Art II A & B (#603, #604) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 10, 11 & 12 Prerequisite: Advanced Art I, A & B or permission of the instructor. This course is designed for students who plan to continue art training in higher education or pursue a creative career. Students will spend time studying art techniques in a range of media, but will also be able to focus upon areas of specific interest to them. A final, digitally stored visual portfolio of each student’s work will be createdsuitable for higher education entrance requirements or employment consideration. Additionally, strategies for product marketing, self-promotion, and securing employment will be investigated. Photography I (#605) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Successful completion of Art Foundations A & B with a C+ or better and/or permission of instructor. Note: This class will have limited enrollment due to the equipment availability and darkroom space. (10 students) This is an introductory course in 35mm black and white photography. The class will explore how light affects film starting with the manufacture and use of Pinhole Cameras and culminating with the shooting and printing of 35mm film pictures. Strong emphasis will be placed upon creating well composed, quality images. The history of Photography as a science and art form will be studied, and students will understand its role in society throughout its development as such. Photography II (#609) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Successful completion of Photography I with a C+ or higher, and/or permission of the instructor. Note: This class will have limited enrollment due to the equipment availability and darkroom space: (10 students) An expansion of Photography I, this class continues to focus upon the creative process of making photographs. Experimental techniques are an added component and will be consistently utilized to aid the communication of an original idea or concept. Independent work outside the classroom is expected and crucial for success in this class. Students will be working not only with 35mm film, but with computer aided design and manipulation of their images with programs such as Photoshop.
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Ceramics I (#608) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Successful completion of Art Exploration A or B with a (C+) or better or permission of the instructor. This course will provide students with a comprehensive knowledge of the characteristics and uses of clay as an art making material. Students will be introduced to traditional hand-building techniques such as pinch, coil, and slab construction in addition to the potter’s wheel. They will use these tools to create both functional and nonfunctional sculptural forms. Class assignments will allow students to translate previously learned design considerations such as texture, shape, movement, color and form in a new and exciting medium. Emphasis is placed on skill development and learning the basic methods for clay manipulation, storage, firing and surface treatment. Studio safety and maintenance are also stressed. Ceramics II (#607) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Successful completion of Art Exploration A and B with a C+ or better and or permission of the instructor. Expanding in skills and techniques from Ceramics I., Students will continue hand building with modeling, pinch and slab and coil techniques but on a larger, sculptural scale with other thematic forms. Students will also have greater opportunity to work on the potter’s wheel. This course emphasizes problem solving. Assignments are more open ended, encouraging students to plan and develop best sculpture methods for their ideas. Students will also learn new finishing, glazing and decorative techniques.
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HEALTH AND WELLNESS The vision of wellness education in schools is for students to be educated, informed and contributing members of society and to develop the knowledge, skills and attitudes needed to be well in every sense of the word—emotionally, intellectually, physically, socially and spiritually. Wellness education incorporates the needs and priorities of students living and learning in the 21st century. The wellness education program nurtures the whole child, creates transdisciplinary learning experiences and enables transitions through wellness-related courses. Each semester students will have a choice of an activity cluster to participate in.
Physical Education Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits /semester Notes: Students must enroll in one semester of PE in each of year of High School, or successfully complete one season of team athletics during the school year.
Activity Clusters for High School Physical Education Classes: Cluster #1
Sports (#925)
Kickball, Lacrosse, Softball, Pickle ball, Floor Hockey, Dodgeball, and Wiffleball
Cluster #2
Dance (#903)
Folk Dance, Modern Dance, Ballroom Dance, Line Dance, Zumba, Pilates
Cluster #3
Conditioning (#913)
Personal Conditioning Routines in the Auxiliary Gym
Cluster #4
Adventure (#929)
Snowshoeing, Building an Igloo, Biking, Hiking, Geo-caching, Archery, Challenge initiatives and Creating an Educational Nature Trail
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Life Skills (#802) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits /semester Open to: Grade 11, 12 Prerequisite: None. Where are you going? What do you want to do in life? How much money will it take to get you the lifestyle that you think you want? Do you use a debit card? A checkbook? In and out of trouble with credit cards? Can you find a job? What is a resume and how do you write one? What do you say or not say in an interview? What fork do you use when dining? Do you need insurance and if so what kind? Do you make a budget? Can you afford to live on your own? What is your credit score? Does it matter? Why does Uncle Sam take so much money out of your paycheck? Where is it all going? How will you know if you are truly in love? In Life Skills, students will recognize their personal values and will develop a philosophy of life, will make goals and plans and learn to manage these, will acquire financial skills, learn to make good decisions about credit and debit cards, successfully handle checking accounts, learn about making money while they sleep, practice interview techniques, job searches, resume writing, social etiquette, and budgeting for life on their own. Through interactive projects and hands-on activities, students will gain a better understanding of the adult world and how to navigate their way through it. participation and discussion will be an important part of this course, as well as related readings, projects, and oral reports based on current research information. Health and Human Relations (#801) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, & 12 Prerequisite: Notes: The course makes use of class discussion, group projects, individual assignments, computers, role-plays, quizzes, tests and journals. This course will provide the instruction in health and human relations essential to health literacy. It follows the goals of the MA Comprehensive Health Curriculum Framework. The individual will be able to obtain, interpret and understand basic health information and utilize the information to enhance health. Through this process of critical thinking, problem solving, effective communication, self-directed learning, and healthy self-management you will not only better the life of the individual but the health of the community in which one lives. The framework areas of community health, disease prevention and control, environmental health, family life, healthy relationships, mental and emotional health, nutrition, personal health, personal safety, physical activity and fitness, resource management, sexuality, alcohol and other drug use, will be studied. Students will examine their strengths and career ideas. Sports Nutrition and Conditioning (#812) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 10, 11, & 12 Prerequisite: Note: May replace regular Physical Education one time This class will explore the scientific principles, concepts, and theories of strength training and conditioning, as well as sports nutrition, as they apply to athletic performance. It will cover the physiological mechanisms and adaptations facilitating optimal sport and exercise performance, a history of physical conditioning, and the basic principles of exercise. Students will undergo fitness testing for speed, power, strength, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, and efficiency of movement. Each student will design a personal program for conditioning, based upon information learned in class. Injury prevention strategies will be discussed as well. The course will also address the latest advances in exercise and sport psychology, including motivation, concentration, overcoming mental fatigue, and stress-management. Advanced nutritional strategies for fostering optimal training and performance will be included. Lab work in the gym will be an important component of this class.
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MATHEMATICS Each student is required to complete 5 credits each year for three years in high school for a total of 15 math credits. Students are encouraged to continue their study of mathematics beyond the core program by taking additional advanced classes. The foundation of the grades 8, 9, and 10 mathematics programs at Pioneer is the Integrated Math sequence using the Core-Plus Mathematics Project (CPMP) curriculum, which has been designed, developed, field-tested, and refined over the last twenty years with funding from the National Science Foundation. The Integrated Math course emphasizes the teaching of mathematics as problem-solving, communication, and reasoning, and highlights the connections among mathematical topics and between mathematics and other disciplines. This multi-year sequence of Integrated Math replaces the traditional Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II sequence of courses, and covers the following topics throughout the multi-year series: algebra, functions, geometry from both a synthetic and an algebraic perspective, trigonometry, statistics and probability, discrete mathematics, the conceptual underpinnings of calculus, and mathematical structure. The Core-Plus curriculum is carefully aligned with the Common Core State Standards for mathematical practices and content expectations. In addition, the curriculum has been cited as Exemplary by the U.S. Department of Education Expert Panel on Mathematics and Science, and by the Business-Higher Education Forum as a program that works to ensure college and career readiness in the 21st century. Our classrooms are the models for our students’ future workplaces: here students will think and reason about quantitative situations, will learn how to communicate effectively, will be encouraged to be innovative, and will work together effectively in teams.
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Discrete Mathematics and Statistics A & B (#147) (#148) Credits / Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Exploring Functions / Math Modeling OR Pre-Calculus OR Elementary Statistics This course fulfills a fourth year of high school mathematics for non-STEM students, who plan to major in college programs that do not require calculus or to enter training programs leading to career-level jobs. This course is designed as a capstone course and a transition to college math and statistics. Topics in Statistics include Sampling Distributions, p-Values, Statistical Significance, and Margin of Error. Discrete topics include Counting Methods, the Mathematics of Financial Decision Making, Informatics, Spatial Visualizations, and the Mathematics of Fairness and Democratic Decision Making. Integrated Mathematics II (#174) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grade 9 Required for Graduation Prerequisite: Integrated Math I or equivalent Grade 9 students at Pioneer continue the multi-year sequence of Integrated Math, with further mathematical and instructional features such as integrated content, mathematical modeling, equal access, challenge, technology, active learning, and multi-dimensional assessment. Through well-structured investigations of real-life contexts, students will continue to develop a rich understanding of the following content areas: Functions, Relations, and Systems (direct and inverse variation, power functions and systems of equations), Matrix Methods (construction, interpretation, and operations on matrices), Coordinate Methods (representing and analyzing properties of geometric shapes in the coordinate plane, and size and symmetry transformations), Regression and Correlation (statistics), and Quadratic Functions (using tables, graphs, and symbols; expanding, factoring and solving). Integrated Mathematics III (#175) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grade 10 Required for Graduation Prerequisite: Integrated Math II or equivalent This is the third course of the integrated math sequence, in which mathematics is presented in four strands: a) algebra and functions; b) geometry and trigonometry; c) probability and statistics; and d) discrete mathematics. This course focuses heavily on quadratic functions, mathematical reasoning, and proof-based geometry. Units include Quadratic Functions, Reasoning and Proof, Similarity and Congruence, and Recursion and Iteration. This course is intended to prepare all students for success in their post-secondary pursuits as well as in more advanced math courses. It is a prerequisite for Exploring Functions, Elementary Statistics, and PreCalculus. Exploring Functions (#118) Credits/Duration: 2.5 Credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite: Successful completion of Integrated Mathematics III In this non-STEM course, students will continue their study of functions based on the same model they used in the Integrated Mathematics series. Topics include: Polynomial Functions, Rational Functions, Inverse Functions, Logarithmic Functions and Trigonometric Functions. This course is open only to those students who neither have taken nor are enrolled in Pre-Calculus. Students may take this course concurrently with Elementary Statistics.
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Mathematical Modeling (#126) Credits/Duration: 2.5 Credits/ Semester course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite: Exploring Functions or completion of Pre-Calculus A. In this non-STEM course, students explore mathematical models as powerful problem-solving tools. Topics include Vertex Edge Graphs, Digraphs and Matrices, functions modeling linear, exponential, and quadratic change, Modeling and Optimization, and Recursion and Iteration. The course content is realistic and is problembased, with relevant applications and requiring appropriate use of technology tools. Pre-Calculus A & B (#106, #107) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 5 blocks per week Prerequisite for Pre-Calculus A: Students must receive a B or higher in Integrated Mathematics III. Prerequisite for Pre-Calculus B: Completion of Pre-Calculus A with a grade of B or higher or permission of the instructor. Precalculus A and B are generally taken together as a one year course, though it is possible to study Precalculus A only. They are rigorous STEM courses designed to prepare students for calculus and other advanced math courses at the high school and college level. Pre-Calculus A begins with the study of polynomial and rational functions. The semester concludes with a study of angles and trigonometric functions as applied to the study of triangles. Pre-Calculus B includes further study of trigonometric functions, focusing on their application to periodic phenomena. The semester concludes with a study of logarithmic and exponential functions, followed by an overview of the different functions studied throughout the year. Calculus A & B (#108, #109) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grade 12 Prerequisite: Student must receive a grade of B or higher in Pre-Calculus B. These are introductory calculus courses that provide students with a solid foundation in and understanding of the fundamental concepts of calculus. The course covers limits and rates of change, derivatives and applications of derivatives, curve sketching, integrals and applications of integration, and differentiation and integration of exponential, logarithmic, and inverse trigonometric functions. Advanced Placement Calculus (#112) Credits/Duration: 6 credits / Full year course Open to: Grade 12 Prerequisite: Student must receive a grade of B or higher in Pre-Calculus B. AP Calculus consists of a full academic year of work in calculus comparable to first semester calculus courses in colleges and universities. It is expected that students who take AP Calculus will seek credit or placement, or both, from institutions of higher learning. Students in this course are expected to take the Calculus AP exam in May. This is a rigorous STEM course for students who have demonstrated that they are capable of succeeding in a college-level mathematics course. We recommend that a student own an advanced graphing calculator. This course covers functions, graphs, limits, derivatives and their applications, anti-differentiation, the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, and integration and its applications. The major focus of course work is preparation for the May Advanced Placement exam.
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Elementary Statistics A and B (#176, #177) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite Elementary Statistics A: Prerequisite: Successful completion with a grade C or higher in Integrated Mathematics III Prerequisite Elementary Statistics B: Prerequisite: Successful completion with a grade of C or higher in Elementary Statistics A or permission of the instructor. These courses cover topics in elementary statistics and data analysis including, but not limited to, calculation and interpretation of measures of central tendency, calculation and interpretation of standard deviation, the study of distribution curves, z-scores, probability, binomial distributions, Poisson distributions, and confidence intervals. Fundamentals of Math (#152) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Grade 9 and above Prerequisite: None Fundamentals is designed to provide students with additional instruction and reinforcement of skills in a small class setting. This semester course is divided between the review of algebra and geometry concepts, and the reinforcement of basic math skills, to ensure success in the primary math curriculum. Credit for this course is earned on a Pass/Fail basis, and can be earned only by those students who are currently enrolled in a primary math class.
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Science Today’s technical world requires an understanding of science to function effectively in everyday life and to make good choices concerning science-related issues. This is why courses in the sciences are included as an integral part of our general education. All areas of science are related and interdependent. The division into fields such as chemistry, physics, biology, and geology is done only as a matter of convenience. Specialization is built upon a firm foundation of general fundamental facts. Students should try to take a variety of courses in science to better understand this multifaceted field of study. Secondary science courses play an important, unique and essential role in today‘s ever changing world. Student‘s knowledge of earth, space, life and physical sciences is critical as they become scientifically literate citizens. All science courses are laboratory and activityoriented to help develop important skills. Please note that many colleges require biology, chemistry and physics for admission into science or engineering programs. Anatomy & Physiology (#206) Credits/Duration: 5 credits/ Full year course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to all students with a C or better in Biology. Anatomy & Physiology is a human anatomy and physiology course. It is designed for anyone with an interest in the human body and how it functions, but is particularly important for those planning careers in medicine, nursing or allied health fields. After an introduction and orientation to the human body in general, students review the overall organization of the body from the chemical to the tissue level. Body systems, including integumentary, skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, nervous, digestive, immune, endocrine and reproductive, are then studied in detail. The student will experience a variety of brain based strategies for learning factual information and ways to apply it. Grading emphasizes the practical, with identification of parts of the human body central to many quizzes and tests. Other evaluation tools include participation in class discussion, laboratory exercises, written homework and a career project.
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Environmental Science A and B (#218, #219) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits/ Semester course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Biology Note: Environmental Science A meets in the fall and Environmental Science B meets in the spring Environmental Science A & B are semester long environmental inquiry courses for juniors and seniors. Students explore the PVRS campus wetland and forest on a regular basis. Environmental Science provides students with the knowledge and skills required to understand the interrelationships of the natural world and to identify and analyze environmental problems both natural and human-made. Topics of study include: geology, climate, population dynamics, land and water use, energy resources and consumption, pollution and global change, and sustainability. Biology (#203) Credits/Duration: 5 credits/year Open to: Required for students in 10th grade Prerequisite: Ecology Biology focuses on learning through inquiry. Students will be engaged in the same processes that scientists employ: working collaboratively, asking testable questions, conducting experiments, proposing explanations, gathering and analyzing data, and drawing and communicating conclusions based on evidence. Topics of study include cellular processes, body systems, heredity, and biological evolution. Biology is based on the most recent state standards and helps students prepare for the Biology MCAS, which they will take in June of their sophomore year. Chemistry (#204) Credits/Duration: 5 credits/year Open to: Grades 10, 11 & 12 Prerequisites: Open to all students who have successfully completed Integrated Math II and Ecology. Note: Evaluation in this course is based on homework, lab reports, quizzes, tests, a mid-term and a final exam. Any 10th grade PVRS student may take Chemistry and Biology concurrently This course will improve your problem-solving skills, give you experience in the laboratory, and introduce you to concepts that you could use in future science courses. Anyone considering a career in a health care profession, engineering, environmental science, or a career related to the physical science will find this course valuable. The main topics covered in this introductory course are: Atomic Structure, Bonding, Energy and Chemical Change, Gas Laws, Nuclear Energy, Organic Nomenclature, Periodic Trends, Problem Solving Techniques, Stoichiometry and Titrations of Acids and Bases. Advanced Chemistry (#220) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to all students with a C or better in Chemistry A full-year course designed to further prepare those students interested in taking studies in the physical sciences, medical technology, nursing and engineering. It could also satisfy that student who simply seeks to enhance his background in these areas. Investigations to be considered are: Colligative Properties, Acid-Base Theory, Buffers, Equilibria, Electrochemical Cells, Enthalpy, Entropy, Free Energy, Organic Functional Groups, Oxidation-Reduction Reactions, Rates of Reaction, Solubility and Solutions. There will be some opportunities to develop your own projects. Evaluation will be based on homework, quizzes, tests, lab reports, a mid-term and a final.
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Advanced Placement Chemistry (#222) Credits/Duration: 6 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to all students who have taken a first-year chemistry course. This full-year course is highly recommended for students seeking further education in any of the science or technology fields, including: biology, physics, earth science, medicine, geology, meteorology, and engineering. Also, this course will provide students with an opportunity to experience the equivalent of a college-level chemistry course. AP Chemistry is a challenging course which focuses on a greater depth of student understanding of chemistry concepts. The central focus of the course is inquiry-based laboratories, demonstrations, class activities, and student-directed discovery of information. The course begins with a review of introductory chemistry followed by the study of the structure and arrangement of atoms and molecules in matter, chemical reactions, kinetics, thermodynamics, and equilibrium. Interactive laboratory investigations include real-life applications such as the analysis of food dyes in beverages, the analysis of the relative proportions of copper, zinc, and iron in brass using spectroscopy, the designing of a hand-warmer, and the separation of active ingredients found in over-the-counter pain relievers. Evaluation will be based on homework, quizzes, tests, formal lab reports, and a mid-term and a final exam. Ecology (#232) Credits/Duration: 5 credits/ Full year course Open to: Required for students in 9th grade Prerequisite: None Ecology is a full year course which encourages students to work collaboratively, gather and analyze data, and draw and communicate conclusions based on evidence. Students explore the PVRS campus wetland and forest on a regular basis. Topics of study include: the nature of science, factors affecting biodiversity and populations, the cycling of matter and flow of energy among organisms in an ecosystem, human impact on Earth systems, and global climate change. Advanced Placement Environmental Science (#221) Credits/Duration: 6 credits/ Full year course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Biology; Chemistry is recommended Notes: Weekly laboratory activities and/or field studies require students to collect data, apply mathematical analysis and interpret data. This course qualifies for early college credit. AP Environmental Science is a rigorous full year environmental inquiry course for juniors and seniors who are willing to take on the challenge of a college-level science course. It is expected that students will take the AP Environmental Science exam in May. AP Environmental Science provides students with the knowledge and skills required to understand the interrelationships of the natural world and to identify and analyze environmental problems both natural and human-made. Topics of study include: geology, climate, ecosystems, population dynamics, land and water use, energy resources and consumption, pollution and global change; sustainability is a yearlong theme. Physics (#205) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to students who have successfully completed Ecology and Integrated Math II Physics is open to all students with a curiosity about the physical world and who seek a better understanding of it. A close examination of mechanical physics, the relationship between energy, mass, and matter is the major emphasis of the course. Fields of study also include acceleration, speed, velocity, momentum, friction, waves, sound, light, electricity, and a section that deals with solar energy.
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PORTFOLIO What is your purpose of creating a digital portfolio? How can reflective writing express individual growth and understanding? These courses are meant to prepare students to fulfill the digital portfolio graduation requirement. In these courses, students will develop the skills necessary to complete a digital portfolio for presentation. Students will also understand the connection between collecting samples of their work and reflecting on the connection between their work and the Core Values and Expectations for Teaching and Learning. Additionally, students will work on using the portfolio as a way to present their individuality in various settings, including to their peers, in job interviews, college applications, and the post-Pioneer planning process.
Portfolio 11 (#947) Credits/Duration: 1.25 credits / quarter course Open to: required for 11th grade Prerequisites: None Students will enter personalized elements into their portfolios, including extracurricular activities, volunteer opportunities, and personal projects that demonstrate their fulfillment of the Core Value Expectations. Students will present sample exhibitions at the conclusion of this semester course. Portfolio 12 (#948) Credits/Duration: 1.25 credits / quarter course Open to: required for 12th Grade Prerequisites: Portfolio 11 Note: Required for Graduation Students will focus on presentation skills, and creating a senior exhibition that reflects their work at Pioneer as well as their individual interests that demonstrate their fulfillment of the Core Value Expectations. Students will present their final senior exhibitions at the conclusion of this semester course.
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SOCIAL STUDIES Social studies is important because it teaches students fundamental concepts of culture, economics and politics skills to groom them into educated, productive citizens. Social studies centers around understanding how the world works on a social level. Understanding the many facets of society and how it runs is essential for all grade levels of students from elementary through college. Social studies is a broad category that includes important aspects of the many different parts of the humanities and social sciences; it is important for every person to have a basic understanding of key concepts that have molded modern society. Learning the basic history of government and economic structure is necessary to inform future voters. Social studies are also important for teaching student’s basic values, such as justice and equality, which are the foundation of modern society. For very young students, social studies are often based around being a good member of the community at the local level. For example, the early levels talk about neighborhood relationships, social responsibility in terms of recycling and helping others, and then understanding how the individual affects the group. A good understanding of how history has influenced the modern world gives people knowledge that they can apply to other subjects and everyday life.
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World History A (#302) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Required for students in 9th grade Prerequisite: A review of the Middle Ages in Europe and the rise of Islam and the concepts underlying civilization is followed by an in-depth study of the Renaissance and Reformation in Europe, the development of world trade, colonization, the Enlightenment, revolutions in Europe and the United States, the Napoleonic Era, and the Industrial Revolution including the concepts from the 19th century Europe that shaped the 20th century. World History B (#303) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Required for students in 9th grade Prerequisite: This required course is a continuation of American Studies 2 A. Topics include the Cold War, Civil Rights Movement, Activism of the 1960’s, the Vietnam War, and the emergence of the 21st century. Students focus on essential questions to gain an understanding of key events and people, as well as the impact of each era on the social, civic, political, and economic development of society. Students engage in analysis through research projects, discussion, and reflective writing. The course culminates in an end-of-the-year History Fair that explores each decade’s impact on our culture involving hands-on activity from period clothing and music to interactive display. The course begins with a focus on the history of Europe during the mid- and late 19th century and global events of the 20th century. Topics will include the rise of Nationalism in Europe, Imperialism, World War I, the rise of the Soviet Union, the Great Depression, the rise of fascism in Europe, the Second World War, the Cold War, the importance of the United Nations, the fall of the Soviet Union and political change in Europe, the rise of the Middle East, and the impact of technological change on global politics and cultures. A formal, in-depth research paper will be required during the latter part of the course. American Studies I A (#304) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Required for students in 10th grade Prerequisite: This required course for all students is a study of American history from 1750-1820. Topics to be studied include the French and Indian War, the American Revolution, the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution of the United States, and the presidencies of Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison and Monroe. Emphasis will be placed on civic, political, economic and social developments of the time period. Students will be required to complete a research project during the second half of the semester. American Studies I B (#305) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Required for students in 10th grade Prerequisite: During this course, students will study events in American history during the time period of 1824-1867. Topics studied will include the Age of Andrew Jackson, the Age of Reform, Manifest Destiny, the Antebellum Period, the Civil War, Reconstruction, and westward expansion. Emphasis will be placed on social issues of the time period, the causes of the Civil War, the horror of that war and the problems of Reconstruction. A major research project will be done as part of the course requirement.
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American Studies II A (#306) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Required for students in grade 11 Prerequisite: During this required course, students will study American History from 1877 (the end of Reconstruction) through 1945. Topics include the Gilded Age, Progressive Era, and Roaring 20’s, Great Depression, New Deal, and WWII era. Students focus on essential questions to gain an understanding of key events and people as well as the impact of each era on the social, civic, political, and economic development of society. Students engage in analysis through research projects, discussion, and reflective writing. American Studies II B (#307) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Required for students in 11th grade Prerequisite: This required course is a continuation of American Studies 2 A. Topics include the Cold War, Civil Rights Movement, Activism of the 1960’s, the Vietnam War, and the emergence of the 21st century. Students focus on essential questions to gain an understanding of key events and people, as well as the impact of each era on the social, civic, political, and economic development of society. Students engage in analysis through research projects, discussion, and reflective writing. The course culminates in an end-of-the-year History Fair that explores each decade’s impact on our culture involving hands-on activity from period clothing and music to interactive display. Civil Liberties / You and the Law (#308) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Prerequisite: The goal of this course is to help students develop a more comprehensive understanding of the legal system of the United States and Massachusetts. Areas of study include types of law, the Constitution and how laws are made. Specific study of the court system, criminal justice and law enforcement, juvenile justice, sentencing and corrections, the trial and adversary system and family law will be undertaken during the semester. Each student is required to participate in two videotaped mock trial experiences for the semester, attend field trips, and presentations by guest speakers. Sociology (#311) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Prerequisite: Through readings, discussions, class activities, and oral and written projects, the students will be guided to investigate and analyze human relationships and seek explanations of their causes and consequences. General topics include: the study of sociology and the work of sociologists, culture, social organizations, institutions, quantitative and qualitative research and social problems. Students are required to participate in a cooperative research project designed as a yearly self-study of the graduating class at Pioneer and of the larger Pioneer school community, noting changes and social trends over time.
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Psychology (#310) Credits/Duration: 2.5 credits / Semester course Open to: Prerequisite: The course is designed to give the students an overall look at the social science called psychology. This introductory course is concerned primarily with developing an understanding of terminology and basic psychological principles. Emphasis is placed on an experimental approach to various psychological principles. Areas of major concern include: Behavioral Development, Personality Theories, The Principles of Learning, Thinking, and Memory, Intellectual Development, and the Effects of Heredity and Human Development. Advanced Placement United States History (#314) Credits/Duration: 6 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 11 & 12 Prerequisite: Successful completion of American Studies 1A & 1B with a B or better and/or permission of the instructor. Note: Students must meet with the Advanced Placement instructor before the end of their junior year to review requirements and summer work. Failure to complete the summer assignments will mean exclusion from the class. The Advanced Placement United States History course will follow the prescribed content as recommended by the Advanced Placement United States History course description book published each year by the College Entrance Examination Board: “The Advanced Placement Program in U.S. History is designed to provide students with the analytical skills and factual knowledge necessary to deal critically with problems and materials in U.S. History. The program prepares students for intermediate and advanced college courses by making demands upon them equivalent to those made by full-year college courses. Students should learn to assess history materials-their relevance to a given interpretive problem, their reliability, and their importance-and to weigh the evidence and interpretations presented in historical scholarship. An A.P. U.S. History course should thus develop the skills necessary to arrive at conclusions on the basis of an informed judgment and to present reasons and evidence clearly and persuasively in essay format.” The A.P. course will cover subjects in U.S. history, which reflect the emphasis found in the A.P. exam: political institutions and behavior and public policy (35%), social change (35%), economic development and changes (10%), diplomacy and international relations (15%), and cultural and intellectual developments (5%).
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WORLD LANGUAGES In an ever-evolving global society, your ability to effectively communicate in more than one language is crucial. Learning another language will increase your overall academic and social skills. Our classes provide you with opportunities to gain self-confidence in a variety of real-life situations. Language learning andunderstanding other cultures while expanding one's knowledge of English will prepare you for further education and career pursuits. English as a Second Language (#032) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Prerequisite: The English as a Second Language Program is designed for individuals seeking to communicate more effectively and improve their performance in professional, academic, and social environments. We offer classes for nonnative speakers at all levels of language proficiency. French I (#401) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, & 12 Prerequisite: French I focuses on helping you building strong vocabulary bases and simple grammar structures. French I is also a first step towards French culture and traditions. Throughout the year and in each class, we will be learning French through reading, writing, listening and speaking activities. But we won’t forget to do some fun activities, yet educational, including cooking, singing and other creative activities.
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French II (#402) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to all students with a C or better in French 1 or with the permission of the instructor. French II continues the objectives and format of French I. Each unit stresses useful and practical vocabulary on such topics as cultural pastimes, health, telecommunications, voyages, the bank and the post office, food, the car and the road. Cultural similarities and differences are emphasized throughout each level. As in French I, music will be important in the language acquisition process. French III (#403) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to students with a C or better in French II or with the permission of the instructor. French III continues the objectives and format of French II. Each unit stresses useful and practical vocabulary on such topics as hospitals, hotels, transportation, the country and the city, festivals, le savoir-vivre, and professions. Cultural similarities and differences are emphasized throughout each level. Students will also be exposed to the history of the deportation of the Acadians and their settlement in Louisiana. As in French II, music will be important in the language acquisition process. French IV (#404) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to students with a C or better in French III or with the permission of the instructor French IV continues the objectives and format of French III. Each unit stresses useful and practical vocabulary on such topics as the francophone world, daily life, recreation, and countries. Cultural similarities and differences are emphasized throughout each level. Students will also study the novel Le Petit Prince by Antoine de St. Exupery. As in French III, music will be important in the language acquisition process. French V (#405) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to students with a C or better in French IV or with the permission of the instructor. French V continues the objectives and format of French IV. Each unit stresses useful and practical vocabulary on such topics as values, health and well-being, and arts and sciences. Students will study the novel Les Miserable by Victor Hugo. They will also be introduced to Tintin. As in French, music will be important in the language acquisition process Spanish I (#411) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Open to all students in grades 9-12 who have an interest in studying the Spanish language and culture. Prerequisite: Lessons are based on proficiency, the ability to use the language for real-life communication. Topics include: basic greetings, expressing likes, dislikes and opinions, asking questions, making comparisons, leisure and school activities, sports, ordering in a restaurant, and descriptions of everyday objects and people. Students develop the skills to analyze, evaluate and compare cultures so they can function within the Spanish-speaking world. Activities are incorporated daily that develop listening, reading, writing and speaking skills.
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Spanish II (#412) 5 credits / Full year course Credits/Duration: Open to: 9, 10, 11, and 12 Prerequisite: Open to all students in grades 9-12 who have a C or better in Spanish I or with the permission of the instructor. Spanish 2 continues the objectives and format of Spanish I. Basic vocabulary and grammatical structures are recycled from Spanish 1 and are used as building blocks for new material. Topics include: leisure activities, chores/necessities, current activities, future plans, food, holidays, shopping, and clothing. Spanish III (#413) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 10, 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to all students who have a C or better in Spanish II or with the permission of the instructor. Spanish III continues the objectives and format of Spanish II. Vocabulary and grammatical structures are presented which allow students to increase their writing skills to connected paragraphs. An increased emphasis on oral proficiency allows students to practice speaking in an authentic context. Topics include: daily routines, childhood activities, past actions, a healthy lifestyle and leisure activities. Spanish IV (#414) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to all students who have a C or better in Spanish III or with the permission of the instructor. Spanish IV continues the objectives of Spanish III. The main goal of Spanish IV is the continued development of reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. Topics include: character analysis, music videos, telenovelas and cooking. Representative works of Hispanic literature, cultural readings and current events are the subject of class discussion and oral and written assignments. This class is conducted in Spanish. Spanish V (#415) Credits/Duration: 5 credits / Full year course Open to: Grades 11, 12 Prerequisite: Open to all students who have a C or better in Spanish IV or with the permission of the instructor. Spanish V continues the objectives and format of Spanish IV. This course emphasizes continued acquisition of language functions, vocabulary, idioms, structures and culture through contextualized presentations, interactive activities and selected readings. The students teach Introductory Spanish at Bernardston and Northfield Elementary Schools. This class is conducted in Spanish.
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Program of Studies 2017/2018
Pioneer Valley Regional School 97 F Sumner Turner Road Northfield MA 01360 Phone: (413)498-2931 Fax: (413)498-0184 1
